1
|
Kuzmina NS, Fedotova EA, Jankovic P, Gribova GP, Nyuchev AV, Fedorov AY, Otvagin VF. Enhancing Precision in Photodynamic Therapy: Innovations in Light-Driven and Bioorthogonal Activation. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:479. [PMID: 38675140 PMCID: PMC11053670 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has evolved as a minimally invasive treatment modality offering precise control over cancer and various other diseases. To address inherent challenges associated with PDT, researchers have been exploring two promising avenues: the development of intelligent photosensitizers activated through light-induced energy transfers, charges, or electron transfers, and the disruption of photosensitive bonds. Moreover, there is a growing emphasis on the bioorthogonal delivery or activation of photosensitizers within tumors, enabling targeted deployment and activation of these intelligent photosensitive systems in specific tissues, thus achieving highly precise PDT. This concise review highlights advancements made over the last decade in the realm of light-activated or bioorthogonal photosensitizers, comparing their efficacy and shaping future directions in the advancement of photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexey Yu. Fedorov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina Av. 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (N.S.K.); (E.A.F.); (P.J.); (G.P.G.); (A.V.N.)
| | - Vasilii F. Otvagin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarina Av. 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (N.S.K.); (E.A.F.); (P.J.); (G.P.G.); (A.V.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang C, Hu X, Jin L, Lin L, Lin H, Yang Z, Huang W. Strategic Design of Conquering Hypoxia in Tumor for Advanced Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300530. [PMID: 37186515 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), with its advantages of high targeting, minimally invasive, and low toxicity side effects, has been widely used in the clinical therapy of various tumors, especially superficial tumors. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) presents hypoxia due to the low oxygen (O2 ) supply caused by abnormal vascularization in neoplastic tissues and high O2 consumption induced by the rapid proliferation of tumor cells. The efficacy of oxygen-consumping PDT can be hampered by a hypoxic TME. To address this problem, researchers have been developing advanced nanoplatforms and strategies to enhance the therapeutic effect of PDT in tumor treatment. This review summarizes recent advanced PDT therapeutic strategies to against the hypoxic TME, thus enhancing PDT efficacy, including increasing O2 content in TME through delivering O2 to the tumors and in situ generations of O2 ; decreasing the O2 consumption during PDT by design of type I photosensitizers. Moreover, recent synergistically combined therapy of PDT and other therapeutic methods such as chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, and gas therapy is accounted for by addressing the challenging problems of mono PDT in hypoxic environments, including tumor resistance, proliferation, and metastasis. Finally, perspectives of the opportunities and challenges of PDT in future clinical research and translations are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Nanobiomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, 330013, P. R. China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Pathology, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, P. R. China
| | - Lisheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Hongxin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, P. R. China
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fuzhou, 350117, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dhaini B, Wagner L, Moinard M, Daouk J, Arnoux P, Schohn H, Schneller P, Acherar S, Hamieh T, Frochot C. Importance of Rose Bengal Loaded with Nanoparticles for Anti-Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091093. [PMID: 36145315 PMCID: PMC9504923 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rose Bengal (RB) is a photosensitizer (PS) used in anti-cancer and anti-bacterial photodynamic therapy (PDT). The specific excitation of this PS allows the production of singlet oxygen and oxygen reactive species that kill bacteria and tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the history of the use of RB as a PS coupled by chemical or physical means to nanoparticles (NPs). The studies are divided into PDT and PDT excited by X-rays (X-PDT), and subdivided on the basis of NP type. On the basis of the papers examined, it can be noted that RB used as a PS shows remarkable cytotoxicity under the effect of light, and RB loaded onto NPs is an excellent candidate for nanomedical applications in PDT and X-PDT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Dhaini
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Université de Lorraine, LRGP-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Laurène Wagner
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Physical Chemistry, Université de Lorraine, LCPM-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Morgane Moinard
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Université de Lorraine, LRGP-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Joël Daouk
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, Université de Lorraine, CRAN-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Arnoux
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Université de Lorraine, LRGP-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Hervé Schohn
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, Université de Lorraine, CRAN-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Perrine Schneller
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, Université de Lorraine, CRAN-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Samir Acherar
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Physical Chemistry, Université de Lorraine, LCPM-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Tayssir Hamieh
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis, Environment and Analytical Methods Laboratory (MCEMA), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 6573, Lebanon
| | - Céline Frochot
- Reactions and Chemical Engineering Laboratory, Université de Lorraine, LRGP-CNRS, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vital-Fujii DG, Baptista MS. Progress in the photodynamic therapy treatment of Leishmaniasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e11570. [PMID: 34730683 PMCID: PMC8555448 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a serious and endemic infectious disease that has been reported in more than 90 countries and territories. The classical treatment presents a series of problems ranging from difficulty in administration, development of resistance, and a series of side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has already shown great potential for use as a treatment for leishmaniasis that is effective and non-invasive, with very minor side effects. PDT can also be inexpensive and easy to administer. In this review, we will report the most recent developments in the field, starting with the chemical diversity of photosensitizers, highlighting important mechanistic aspects, and noting information that may assist in designing and developing new and promising photosensitizer molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D G Vital-Fujii
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - M S Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tian R, Wang C, Chi W, Fan J, Du J, Long S, Guo L, Liu X, Peng X. Emerging Design Principle of Near-Infrared Upconversion Sensitizer Based on Mitochondria-Targeted Organic Dye for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2021; 27:16707-16715. [PMID: 34648222 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion luminescent (UCL) triggered photodynamic therapy (PDT) affords superior outcome for cancer treatment. However, conventional UCL materials which all work by a multiphoton absorption (MPA) process inevitably need extremely high power density far over the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) to laser. Here, a one-photon absorption molecular upconversion sensitizer Cy5.5-Br based on frequency upconversion luminescent (FUCL) is designed for PDT. The unusual super heavy atom effect (SHAE) in Cy5.5-Br strongly enhances its spin-orbit coupling (0.23 cm-1 ), triplet quantum yield (11.1 %) and triplet state lifetime (18.8 μs) while the potential hot-band absorption of Cy5.5-Br is well maintained. Importantly, Cy5.5-Br can efficiently target the tumour site and kill cancer cells by destroying mitochondria under a biosafety MPE to 808 nm laser. The photostability and antitumor results are obviously superior to that of a Stokes process. This work provides a design criterion for FUCL dyes to realize effective PDT upon a biosafety optical density, possibly bringing more clinical benefits than conventional MPA materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weijie Chi
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lianying Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, People's Republic of China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Siafaka PI, Okur NÜ, Karantas ID, Okur ME, Gündoğdu EA. Current update on nanoplatforms as therapeutic and diagnostic tools: A review for the materials used as nanotheranostics and imaging modalities. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:24-46. [PMID: 33613728 PMCID: PMC7878458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of nanotheranostics as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic tools for various diseases, especially cancer, is held great attention. Up to date, several approaches have been employed in order to develop smart nanotheranostics, which combine bioactive targeting on specific tissues as well as diagnostic properties. The nanotheranostics can deliver therapeutic agents by concomitantly monitor the therapy response in real-time. Consequently, the possibility of over- or under-dosing is decreased. Various non-invasive imaging techniques have been used to quantitatively monitor the drug delivery processes. Radiolabeling of nanomaterials is widely used as powerful diagnostic approach on nuclear medicine imaging. In fact, various radiolabeled nanomaterials have been designed and developed for imaging tumors and other lesions due to their efficient characteristics. Inorganic nanoparticles as gold, silver, silica based nanomaterials or organic nanoparticles as polymers, carbon based nanomaterials, liposomes have been reported as multifunctional nanotheranostics. In this review, the imaging modalities according to their use in various diseases are summarized, providing special details for radiolabeling. In further, the most current nanotheranostics categorized via the used nanomaterials are also summed up. To conclude, this review can be beneficial for medical and pharmaceutical society as well as material scientists who work in the field of nanotheranostics since they can use this research as guide for producing newer and more efficient nanotheranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia I. Siafaka
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ioannis D. Karantas
- 2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mehmet Evren Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun B, Chang R, Cao S, Yuan C, Zhao L, Yang H, Li J, Yan X, van Hest JCM. Acid-Activatable Transmorphic Peptide-Based Nanomaterials for Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20582-20588. [PMID: 32687653 PMCID: PMC7693186 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the dynamic morphology control of molecular assemblies in biological systems, we have developed pH-responsive transformable peptide-based nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy (PDT) with prolonged tumor retention times. The self-assembled peptide-porphyrin nanoparticles transformed into nanofibers when exposed to the acidic tumor microenvironment, which was mainly driven by enhanced intermolecular hydrogen bond formation between the protonated molecules. The nanoparticle transformation into fibrils improved their singlet oxygen generation ability and enabled high accumulation and long-term retention at tumor sites. Strong fluorescent signals of these nanomaterials were detected in tumor tissue up to 7 days after administration. Moreover, the peptide assemblies exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy via PDT in vivo. This in situ fibrillar transformation strategy could be utilized to design effective stimuli-responsive biomaterials for long-term imaging and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Sun
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Chengqian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Haowen Yang
- Laboratory of ImmunoengineeringDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-Organic ChemistryInstitute of Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyP. O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Iqbal H, Yang T, Li T, Zhang M, Ke H, Ding D, Deng Y, Chen H. Serum protein-based nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment. J Control Release 2020; 329:997-1022. [PMID: 33091526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Serum protein as naturally essential biomacromolecules has recently emerged as a versatile carrier for diagnostic and therapeutic drug delivery for cancer nanomedicine with superior biocompatibility, improved pharmacokinetics and enhanced targeting capacity. A variety of serum proteins have been utilized for drug delivery, mainly including albumin, ferritin/apoferritin, transferrin, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and hemoglobin. As evidenced by the success of paclitaxel-bound albumin nanoparticles (AbraxaneTM), serum protein-based nanoparticles have gained attractive attentions for precise biological design and potential clinical application. In this review, we summarize the general design strategies, targeting mechanisms and recent development of serum protein-based nanoparticles in the field of cancer nanomedicine. Moreover, we also concisely specify the current challenges to be addressed for a bright future of serum protein-based nanomedicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Iqbal
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Miya Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hengte Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dawei Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yibin Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Huabing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kuang S, Sun L, Zhang X, Liao X, Rees TW, Zeng L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ji L, Chao H. A Mitochondrion‐Localized Two‐Photon Photosensitizer Generating Carbon Radicals Against Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Thomas W. Rees
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 400201 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kuang S, Sun L, Zhang X, Liao X, Rees TW, Zeng L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ji L, Chao H. A Mitochondrion-Localized Two-Photon Photosensitizer Generating Carbon Radicals Against Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20697-20703. [PMID: 32735748 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of photodynamic therapy is typically reliant on the local concentration and diffusion of oxygen. Due to the hypoxic microenvironment found in solid tumors, oxygen-independent photosensitizers are in great demand for cancer therapy. We herein report an iridium(III) anthraquinone complex as a mitochondrion-localized carbon-radical initiator. Its emission is turned on under hypoxic conditions after reduction by reductase. Furthermore, its two-photon excitation properties (λex =730 nm) are highly desirable for imaging. Upon irradiation, the reduced form of the complex generates carbon radicals, leading to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death (IC50 light =2.1 μm, IC50 dark =58.2 μm, PI=27.7). The efficacy of the complex as a PDT agent was also demonstrated under hypoxic conditions in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first metal-complex-based theranostic agent which can generate carbon radicals for oxygen-independent two-photon photodynamic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Thomas W Rees
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R., P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 400201, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sun B, Chang R, Cao S, Yuan C, Zhao L, Yang H, Li J, Yan X, Hest JCM. Acid‐Activatable Transmorphic Peptide‐Based Nanomaterials for Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Sun
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Shoupeng Cao
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Chengqian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Haowen Yang
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jan C. M. Hest
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Institute of Complex Molecular Systems Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Z, Long S, Cao J, Du J, Fan J, Peng X. Revealing the Photodynamic Stress In Situ with a Dual-Mode Two-Photon 1O 2 Fluorescent Probe. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1411-1418. [PMID: 32314569 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1O2) plays significant physiological and pathological functions, especially in causing photodynamic stress in vivo. However, specific 1O2 monitoring is an immense challenge, owing to its short half-lives and high oxidizing ability. To address this, we engineered three photostable two-photon fluorescence probe NBs for highly efficient 1O2 monitoring based on bioinspired novel tryptophan derivatives, among which NB-MOT was the best one comprehensively. Upon being cracked with 1O2, NB-MOT rapidly (within 5 s) demonstrated a remarkable enhancement in fluorescence intensity (∼180 fold) and lifetime (∼18 fold). Taking these advantages into account, NB-MOT was applied to evaluate exogenous and endogenous 1O2 in diverse biosystems. We successfully tracked the intracellular 1O2 level during photodynamic therapy, and for the first time achieved 1O2 mapping in live cells with dual-mode imaging as well as revealed ciprofloxacin-induced photodynamic stress in mice. NB-MOT was thus believed to be of instructive significance for studying the 1O2-mediated stress in wider biological milieus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Saran Long
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jianfang Cao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, 169 Shiying Road, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Jianjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang L, Liu L, Lv F, Wang S, Ren X. Integration of Self‐Luminescence and Oxygen Self‐Supply: A Potential Photodynamic Therapy Strategy for Deep Tumor Treatment. Chempluschem 2020; 85:510-518. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linye Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Ren
- Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland SoilPollution Prevention and RemediationChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou Z, Han H, Chen Z, Gao R, Liu Z, Su J, Xin N, Yang X, Gan L. Concise Synthesis of Open‐Cage Fullerenes for Oxygen Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17690-17694. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zishuo Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Hongfei Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Rui Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jie Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Nana Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Liangbing Gan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zeng J, Wang X, Xie B, Li M, Zhang X. Covalent Organic Framework for Improving Near‐Infrared Light Induced Fluorescence Imaging through Two‐Photon Induction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:10087-10094. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Yue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xiao‐Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Bo‐Ru Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Min‐Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xian‐Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- The Institute for Advanced StudiesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zeng J, Wang X, Xie B, Li M, Zhang X. Covalent Organic Framework for Improving Near‐Infrared Light Induced Fluorescence Imaging through Two‐Photon Induction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Yue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xiao‐Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Bo‐Ru Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Min‐Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| | - Xian‐Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of ChemistryWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- The Institute for Advanced StudiesWuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou Z, Han H, Chen Z, Gao R, Liu Z, Su J, Xin N, Yang X, Gan L. Concise Synthesis of Open‐Cage Fullerenes for Oxygen Delivery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zishuo Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Hongfei Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zijing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Rui Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jie Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Nana Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Liangbing Gan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li S, Zhao L, Chang R, Xing R, Yan X. Spatiotemporally Coupled Photoactivity of Phthalocyanine-Peptide Conjugate Self-Assemblies for Adaptive Tumor Theranostics. Chemistry 2019; 25:13429-13435. [PMID: 31334894 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporally coupled tumor phototheranostic platforms offer a flexible and precise system that takes the biological interaction between tumors and photoactive agents into consideration for optimizing treatment, which is highly consistent with precision medicine. However, the fabrication of monocomponent-based photoactive agents applicable to multifold imaging techniques and multiple therapies in a facile way remains challenging. In this study, we developed simple phthalocyanine-peptide (PF) conjugate-based monocomponent nanoparticles with spatiotemporally coupled photoactivity for adaptive tumor theranostics. The self-assembled PF nanoparticles possess well-defined spherical nanostructures and excellent colloidal stability along with supramolecular photothermal effects. Importantly, the PF nanoparticles showed switchable photoactivity triggered by their interactions with the cell membrane, which enables an adaptive transformation from photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) to photodynamic therapy (PDT) and corresponding fluorescence imaging (FI). Theranostic modalities are integrated in a spatiotemporally coupled manner, providing a facile, biocompatible and effective route for localized tumor phototherapy. This study offers a flexible and versatile strategy to integrate multiple theranostic modalities into a single component so that it can realize its full potential and thereby amplify its therapeutic efficacy, creating promising opportunities for the design of theranostics and further highlighting their clinical prospects to the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shukun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ruirui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,Center for Mesoscience, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
H2O2-responsive biodegradable nanomedicine for cancer-selective dual-modal imaging guided precise photodynamic therapy. Biomaterials 2019; 207:39-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
20
|
Cao H, Qi Y, Yang Y, Wang L, Sun J, Li Y, Xia J, Wang H, Li J. Assembled Nanocomplex for Improving Photodynamic Therapy through Intraparticle Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3540-3546. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- School of Public Health; Jilin University; Changchun 130021 P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Qi
- School of Public Health; Jilin University; Changchun 130021 P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Jiaheng Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- School of Public Health; Jilin University; Changchun 130021 P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Jiarui Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects, of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Junbai Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|