1
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Wang P, Tong YQ, Yin SQ, Gu QJ, Huang B, Zhu AX. Exceptional structural phase transition near room temperature in an organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13651-13654. [PMID: 37905986 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04186g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
An organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric, (C6H5CH2CH2NH3)2[HgI4], undergoes an exceptional structural phase transition near room temperature, triggered by a flip of half the organic cations and an order-disorder transition of the inorganic anions, and may be regarded as a displacive-type ferroelectric. This finding provides a new structural phase transition mechanism in molecule-based ferroelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yu-Qiao Tong
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Shi-Qing Yin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qian-Jun Gu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Bo Huang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Ai-Xin Zhu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
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2
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Yao Y, Peng Y, Li L, Zhang X, Liu X, Hong M, Luo J. Exploring a Fatigue‐Free Layered Hybrid Perovskite Ferroelectric for Photovoltaic Non‐Volatile Memories. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 P. R. China
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3
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Yao Y, Peng Y, Li L, Zhang X, Liu X, Hong M, Luo J. Exploring a Fatigue-Free Layered Hybrid Perovskite Ferroelectric for Photovoltaic Non-Volatile Memories. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10598-10602. [PMID: 33247864 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Through a functional unit-transmutation strategy, a fatigue-free layered hybrid perovskite ferroelectric (C6 H5 CH2 NH3 )2 CsPb2 Br7 (BCPB) has been developed, which demonstrates stable spontaneous polarization (Ps ) of 6.5 μC cm-2 and high Curie temperature up to 425 K. Meanwhile, BCPB shows splendid bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) properties with noticeable zero-bias photocurrent density (5 μA cm-2 ), and high on/off switching ratio of current (over 3×105 ); these merits even overmatch the most known ferroelectric semiconductor BiFeO3 . The unique structure with self-regulated net electrical charged layers gives rise to the fatigue-free feature of Ps and BPVE (no significant fatigue after 108 polarity switching cycles), promoting the potential applications of BCPB in photovoltaic non-volatile memories. This work offers an efficient approach for exploring fatigue-free semiconducting ferroelectrics as well as excavates their further applications in next-generation electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China.,Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
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4
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Zhu F, Tao Y, Bao H, Wu X, Qin C, Wang X, Su Z. Ferroelectric Metal-Organic Framework as a Host Material for Sulfur to Alleviate the Shuttle Effect of Lithium-Sulfur Battery. Chemistry 2020; 26:13779-13782. [PMID: 32524680 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectricity has an excellent reversible polarization conversion behavior under an external electric field. Herein, we propose an interesting strategy to alleviate the shuttle effect of lithium-sulfur battery by utilizing ferroelectric metal-organic framework (FMOF) as a host material for the first time. Compared to other MOF with same structure but without ferroelectricity and commercial carbon black, the cathode based on FMOF exhibits a low capacity decay and high cycling stability. These results demonstrate that the polarization switching behaviors of FMOF under the discharge voltage of lithium-sulfur battery can effectively trap polysulfides by polar-polar interactions, decrease polysulfides shuttle and improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Zhu
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanli Tao
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hongfei Bao
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of, Optical Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chao Qin
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of, Optical Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of, Optical Materials and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
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5
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Li D, Wang X, Zhao H, Ren Y, Zhuang G, Long L, Zheng L. The Mechanism of the Magnetodielectric Response in a Molecule‐Based Trinuclear Iron Cluster Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Xia Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Ping Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Gui‐Lin Zhuang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 P. R. China
| | - La‐Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Lan‐Sun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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6
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Li D, Wang X, Zhao H, Ren Y, Zhuang G, Long L, Zheng L. The Mechanism of the Magnetodielectric Response in a Molecule‐Based Trinuclear Iron Cluster Material. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14409-14413. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Xia Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Ping Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Gui‐Lin Zhuang
- Institute of Industrial Catalysis College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 P. R. China
| | - La‐Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Lan‐Sun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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7
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Li GP, Lu SQ, Chen X, Liao WQ, Tang YY, Xiong RG. A Three-Dimensional M 3 AB-Type Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Antiperovskite Ferroelectric: [C 3 H 7 FN] 3 [SnCl 6 ]Cl. Chemistry 2019; 25:16625-16629. [PMID: 31573724 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the first perovskite CaTiO3 was discovered in 1839, the development of perovskite has a history of 180 years. The emergence of solar cells (CH3 NH3 )PbI3 has set off the trend of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) materials. Since then, various HOIPs have sprung up and been widely used in various material devices. Among them, HOIP ferroelectrics have gained widespread attention. However, antiperovskite, as a twin brother of perovskite, has been neglected although it has similar structure with perovskite. Here, we successfully found that [C3 H7 FN]3 [SnCl6 ]Cl has a three-dimensional (3D) antiperovskite structure with the formula M3 AB. Importantly, the compound exhibits obvious ferroelectric properties with an Aizu notation of 622F6 at 391 K. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first 3D hybrid organic-inorganic antiperovskite ferroelectric, which will greatly promote the development of antiperovskite families with more superior physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ping Li
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Si-Qi Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications, of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications, of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Qiang Liao
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, P. R. China
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8
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Shi C, Hua M, Gong Z, Ma J, Wang C, Liang H, E D, Qi F, Zhang Y, Ye H. Temperature‐Triggered Switchable Dielectric Constants in Zinc‐Based Hybrid Organic‐Inorganic Compounds: (C
3
H
6
NH
2
)
2
[ZnX
4
] (X = Cl and Br). Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shi
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Miao‐Miao Hua
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Zhi‐Xin Gong
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Jia‐Jun Ma
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Chang‐Feng Wang
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Hao Liang
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Dian‐Yu E
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Fang‐Wei Qi
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
| | - Heng‐Yun Ye
- Chaotic Matter Science Research Center Jiangxi University of Science and Technology 330000 Ganzhou Jiangxi China
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9
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Fan XW, Liu Y, Tang YZ, Wei WJ, Zhang JC, Luo ZY, Wang CF, Tan YH. High-Temperature Reversible Phase-Transition Behavior, Switchable Dielectric and Second Harmonic Generation Response of Two Homochiral Crown Ether Clathrates. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2203-2209. [PMID: 31127685 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Crowning achievement: Two homochiral crown ether clathrates were synthesized which undergo high-temperature reversible phase transition. In addition, second harmonic generation (SHG) responses and abnormal dielectric property further confirm the reversible phase transitions and symmetry breaking behaviors of the structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Fan
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Tang
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wen-Juan Wei
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jian-Chen Zhang
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zi-Yu Luo
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chang-Feng Wang
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yu-Hui Tan
- School of Material & Chemistry Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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10
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Li D, Zhao XM, Zhao HX, Dong XW, Long LS, Zheng LS. Construction of Magnetoelectric Composites with a Large Room-Temperature Magnetoelectric Response through Molecular-Ionic Ferroelectrics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803716. [PMID: 30370676 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetoelectric materials with a large magnetoelectric response, a low operating magnetic (or electric) field, and a room-temperature (or higher) operating temperature are of key importance for practical applications. However, such materials are extremely rare because a large magnetoelectric response often requires strong coupling between spins and electric dipoles. Herein, an example of a magnetoelectric composite is prepared by using a room-temperature multiaxial molecular-ionic ferroelectric, tetramethylammonium tetrachlorogallate(III) (1). Investigation of the magnetoelectric effect of the magnetoelectric laminate composite indicates that its room-temperature magnetoelectric voltage coefficient (αME ) is as high as 186 mV cm-1 Oe-1 at HDC = 275 Oe and at the HAC frequency of ≈39 kHz, providing a valid approach for the preparation of magnetoelectric materials and adding a new member to the magnetoelectric material family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Xia Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Wei Dong
- Department of Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - La-Sheng Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Lan-Sun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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