1
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Clausen KU, Schlimm A, Bedbur K, Näther C, Strunskus T, Fu L, Gruber M, Berndt R, Tuczek F. Molybdenum(0)-Tricarbonyl Complex Supported by an Azacalix-pyridine Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, Surface Deposition and Conversion to a Molybdenum(VI)-Trioxo Complex with O 2. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303912. [PMID: 38319524 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Adsorption of metal-organic complexes on metallic surfaces to produce well-defined single site catalysts is a novel approach combining the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. To avoid the "surface trans-effect" a dome-shaped molybdenum(0) tricarbonyl complex supported by an tolylazacalix[3](2,6)pyridine ligand is synthesized. This vacuum-evaporable complex both activates CO and reacts with molecular oxygen (O2) to form a Mo(VI) trioxo complex which in turn is capable of catalytically mediating oxygen transfer. The molybdenum tricarbonyl- and trioxo complexes are investigated in the solid state, in homogeneous solution and on noble metal surfaces (Cu, Au) employing a range of spectroscopic and analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Uwe Clausen
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Schlimm
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katja Bedbur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Strunskus
- Department of Material Science, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kaiserstraße 1, 24143, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ling Fu
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Leibnizstraße 11-19, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstr. 1, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Leibnizstraße 11-19, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Max-Eyth Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Fischer K, Krahmer J, Tuczek F. Chemically and Light-Driven Coordination-Induced Spin State Switching (CISSS) of a nonheme-iron complex. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The new Fe(II) complex [Fe(trident)(bmik)](ClO4)2 (1) (trident = bis(2-pyridylmethyl)benzylamine and bmik = bis(1-methylimidazole)ketone) exhibits a change of magnetic moment in dichloromethane (DCM) solution upon addition of pyridine which is attributed to the Coordination-Induced Spin State Switching effect (CISSS). By attaching a photoisomerizable azopyridine sidegroup to the tridentate ligand the complex [Fe(azpy-trident)(bmik)](ClO4)2 (2; azpy-trident = [N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)]-3-(3-pyridylazo)benzylamine) is obtained. As detected by Evans NMR spectroscopy, 2 reversibly changes its magnetic moment in homogeneous solution upon photoirradiation which is attributed to intermolecular Light-Driven Coordination-Induced Spin State Switching (LD-CISSS). Further support for this interpretation is inferred from concentration-dependent Evans NMR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Fischer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel , Germany
| | - Jan Krahmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel , Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel , Max-Eyth-Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel , Germany
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3
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Gao Y, Walter V, Ferguson MJ, Tykwinski RR. Hierarchical Synthesis, Structure, and Photophysical Properties of Gallium- and Ruthenium-Porphyrins with Axially Bonded Azo Ligands. Chemistry 2020; 26:16712-16720. [PMID: 32706454 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical synthesis of three porphyrin and four bisporphyrin derivatives is presented. This strategy relies on the incorporation of linkers based on azo moieties appended with pyridyl and/or acetylenic groups that facilitate axial coordination to Ga- and Ru-metalloporphyrins. These porphyrinic systems allow for a quantitative analysis of the effects of diamagnetic anisotropy (DA) by using 1 H NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses. A simple power-law relationship between the proton chemical shift and the distance from the porphyrin core is experimentally outlined, which confirms previous theoretical predictions and shows that the limit of DA is about 2 nm. Photophysical properties of the azo-linked porphyrins are analyzed by UV/Vis spectroscopy, showing that significant cis-trans isomerization is not observed for azo ligands bound only to Ga-porphyrins. Incorporation of Ru-porphyrins to an azo ligand facilitates photoswitching behavior, but the process faces competition from decarbonylation of the Ru-porphyrin, and appreciable switching is only documented for GaL1Ru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueze Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Vroni Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy &, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael J Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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4
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Rusch TR, Schlimm A, Krekiehn NR, Tellkamp T, Budzák Š, Jacquemin D, Tuczek F, Herges R, Magnussen OM. Observation of Collective Photoswitching in Free-Standing TATA-Based Azobenzenes on Au(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17192-17196. [PMID: 32524693 PMCID: PMC7540444 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Light-induced transitions between the trans and cis isomer of triazatriangulenium-based azobenzene derivatives on Au(111) surfaces were observed directly by scanning tunneling microscopy, allowing atomic-scale studies of the photoisomerization kinetics. Although the azobenzene units in these adlayers are free-standing and spaced at uniform distances of 1.26 nm, their photoswitching depends on the isomeric state of the surrounding molecules and, specifically, is accelerated by neighboring cis isomers. These collective effects are supported by ab initio calculations indicating that the electronic excitation preferably localizes on the n-π* state of trans isomers with neighboring cis azobenzenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talina R. Rusch
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Alexander Schlimm
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Nicolai R. Krekiehn
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Tobias Tellkamp
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Šimon Budzák
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Natural SciencesMatej Bel UniversityBanska BystricaSlovakia
| | | | - Felix Tuczek
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
| | - Olaf M. Magnussen
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsChristian Albrechts UniversityKielGermany
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5
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Rusch TR, Schlimm A, Krekiehn NR, Tellkamp T, Budzák Š, Jacquemin D, Tuczek F, Herges R, Magnussen OM. Observation of Collective Photoswitching in Free‐Standing TATA‐Based Azobenzenes on Au(111). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Talina R. Rusch
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Alexander Schlimm
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Nicolai R. Krekiehn
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Tobias Tellkamp
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Šimon Budzák
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Matej Bel University Banska Bystrica Slovakia
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM Lab—UMR 6230— CNRS/University of Nantes Nantes France
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
| | - Olaf M. Magnussen
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics Christian Albrechts University Kiel Germany
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Jasper-Tönnies T, Gruber M, Ulrich S, Herges R, Berndt R. Coverage-Controlled Superstructures of C 3 -Symmetric Molecules: Honeycomb versus Hexagonal Tiling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7008-7017. [PMID: 32106353 PMCID: PMC7216838 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The competition between honeycomb and hexagonal tiling of molecular units can lead to large honeycomb superstructures on surfaces. Such superstructures exhibit pores that may be used as 2D templates for functional guest molecules. Honeycomb superstructures of molecules that comprise a C3 symmetric platform on Au(111) and Ag(111) surfaces are presented. The superstructures cover nearly mesoscopic areas with unit cells containing up to 3000 molecules, more than an order of magnitude larger than previously reported. The unit cell size may be controlled by the coverage. A fairly general model was developed to describe the energetics of honeycomb superstructures built from C3 symmetric units. Based on three parameters that characterize two competing bonding arrangements, the model is consistent with the present experimental data and also reproduces various published results. The model identifies the relevant driving force, mostly related to geometric aspects, of the pattern formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Jasper-Tönnies
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Ulrich
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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7
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Jasper‐Tönnies T, Gruber M, Ulrich S, Herges R, Berndt R. Coverage‐Controlled Superstructures of
C
3
‐Symmetric Molecules: Honeycomb versus Hexagonal Tiling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torben Jasper‐Tönnies
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sandra Ulrich
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik Christian-Albrechts-Universität 24098 Kiel Germany
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8
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Fast E, Schlimm A, Lautenschläger I, Clausen KU, Strunskus T, Spormann C, Lindhorst TK, Tuczek F. Improving the Switching Capacity of Glyco-Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111). Chemistry 2020; 26:485-501. [PMID: 31660639 PMCID: PMC6973251 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) decorated with photoisomerizable azobenzene glycosides are useful tools for investigating the effect of ligand orientation on carbohydrate recognition. However, photoswitching of SAMs between two specific states is characterized by a limited capacity. The goal of this study is the improvement of photoswitchable azobenzene glyco-SAMs. Different concepts, in particular self-dilution and rigid biaryl backbones, have been investigated. The required SH-functionalized azobenzene glycoconjugates were synthesized through a modular approach, and the respective glyco-SAMs were fabricated on Au(111). Their photoswitching properties have been extensively investigated by applying a powerful set of methods (IRRAS, XPS, and NEXAFS). Indeed, the combination of tailor-made biaryl-azobenzene glycosides and suitable diluent molecules led to photoswitchable glyco-SAMs with a significantly enhanced and unprecedented switching capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Fast
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
| | - Alexander Schlimm
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielMax-Eyth Straße 224118KielGermany
| | - Irene Lautenschläger
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielMax-Eyth Straße 224118KielGermany
| | - Kai Uwe Clausen
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielMax-Eyth Straße 224118KielGermany
| | - Thomas Strunskus
- Institute for Materials Science—Multicomponent MaterialsChristian-Albrechts-University KielKaisertr. 224143KielGermany
| | - Carina Spormann
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
| | - Thisbe K. Lindhorst
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University KielMax-Eyth Straße 224118KielGermany
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