1
|
Antón‐Cánovas T, Alonso F. The Eschenmoser's Salt as a Formylation Agent for the Synthesis of Indolizinecarbaldehydes and Their Use for Colorimetric Nitrite Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215916. [PMID: 36448641 PMCID: PMC10108028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
C-H bond formylation is the most immediate way to incorporate the versatile formyl group into (hetero)aromatics. However, the type of reagents and severe conditions involved in the classical formylation methods often curtail their application, especially in the presence of other functional groups. Herein, we present the Eschenmoser's salt, a commercially available (dimethylamino)methylating chemical, as a useful reagent for the C-H formylation of indolizines and other compounds. The method is straightforward and mild, furnishing indolizinecarbaldehydes in modest-to-good yields with exclusive and remote regioselectivity. Furthermore, these compounds can be easily transformed into push-pull dyes and are highly selective in the colorimetric detection of nitrite, a substance extensively employed as preservative in the food industry, the concentration of which is crucial to control to prevent harmful effects in living organisms. The assay is simple, allowing the naked-eye detection of nitrite in solution or on a cotton swab for a wide range of concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Antón‐Cánovas
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de AlicanteApdo. 9903080AlicanteSpain
| | - Francisco Alonso
- Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica and Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de AlicanteApdo. 9903080AlicanteSpain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee W, Kim D, Seo S, Chang S. Photoinduced α-C-H Amination of Cyclic Amine Scaffolds Enabled by Polar-Radical Relay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202971. [PMID: 35403797 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a polar-radical relay strategy for α-C-H amination of cyclic amines with N-chloro-N-sodio-carbamates. The relay is initiated by in situ generation of cyclic iminium intermediate using N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) oxidant as an initiator, which then operates through a series of polar (addition and elimination) and radical (homolysis, hydrogen- and halogen atom transfer) reactions to enable the challenging C-N bond formation in a controlled manner. A broad range of α-amino cyclic amines were readily accessed with excellent regioselectivity, and the superb applicability was further demonstrated by functionalization of biologically relevant compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wongyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hsu C, Gonçalves CR, Tona V, Pons A, Kaiser M, Maulide N. Leveraging Electron‐Deficient Iminium Intermediates in a General Synthesis of Valuable Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115435. [PMID: 35103377 PMCID: PMC9311413 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of reactions converting alkenes and alkynes into valuable building blocks remains one of the main goals of synthetic chemistry. Herein, we present the leveraging of highly electron‐deficient iminium ions, rare and fleeting intermediates, into a general amine synthesis. This enables the preparation of amines bearing e.g. valuable α‐trifluoromethyl moieties under mild conditions. This broad concept is highlighted by the late‐stage amination of quinine into a biologically interesting new analogue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che‐Sheng Hsu
- University of Vienna Institute of Organic Chemistry Währinger Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Carlos R. Gonçalves
- University of Vienna Institute of Organic Chemistry Währinger Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Veronica Tona
- University of Vienna Institute of Organic Chemistry Währinger Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Amandine Pons
- University of Vienna Institute of Organic Chemistry Währinger Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Socinstrasse 57 4002 Basel Switzerland
| | - Nuno Maulide
- University of Vienna Institute of Organic Chemistry Währinger Strasse 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsu C, Gonçalves CR, Tona V, Pons A, Kaiser M, Maulide N. Nutzung von elektronenarmen Iminiumintermediaten zur Synthese von wertvollen Aminen. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202115435. [PMID: 38505700 PMCID: PMC10946883 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDie Entwicklung von Reaktionen zur Umwandlung von Alkenen und Alkinen in wertvolle Bausteine ist nach wie vor eines der Hauptziele in der synthetischen Chemie. In dieser Arbeit berichten wir von der Nutzbarmachung von stark elektronenarmen, seltenen und kurzlebigen Iminiumionen zur Synthese von Aminen. Dies ermöglicht die milde Herstellung von Aminen mit z. B. trifluormethylierten Einheiten. Dieses umfassende Konzept wird durch die Aminierung von Chinin zu einem biologisch interessanten neuen Analogon verdeutlicht.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che‐Sheng Hsu
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WienWähringer Strasse 381090WienÖsterreich
| | - Carlos R. Gonçalves
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WienWähringer Strasse 381090WienÖsterreich
| | - Veronica Tona
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WienWähringer Strasse 381090WienÖsterreich
| | - Amandine Pons
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WienWähringer Strasse 381090WienÖsterreich
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Schweizerisches Tropen- und Public-Health-InstitutSocinstrasse 574002BaselSchweiz
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institut für Organische ChemieUniversität WienWähringer Strasse 381090WienÖsterreich
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee W, Kim D, Seo S, Chang S. Photoinduced α‐C−H Amination of Cyclic Amine Scaffolds Enabled by Polar‐Radical Relay. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wongyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Seo
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lemmerer M, Riomet M, Meyrelles R, Maryasin B, González L, Maulide N. HFIP vermittelt eine direkte C‐C‐Kupplung zwischen Michael‐Akzeptoren und Eschenmosersalz. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miran Lemmerer
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Margaux Riomet
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Ricardo Meyrelles
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
- Institut Für Theoretische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 17 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Boris Maryasin
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
- Institut Für Theoretische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 17 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Leticia González
- Institut Für Theoretische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 17 1090 Wien Österreich
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Wien Währinger Straße 38 1090 Wien Österreich
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang J, Delolo FG, Spannenberg A, Jackstell R, Beller M. A Selective and General Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydroaminomethylation of Olefins to Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Fábio G. Delolo
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Ralf Jackstell
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lemmerer M, Riomet M, Meyrelles R, Maryasin B, Gonzalez L, Maulide N. HFIP Mediates a Direct C-C Coupling between Michael Acceptors and Eschenmoser's salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202109933. [PMID: 34813137 PMCID: PMC9306631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A direct C-C coupling process merging Michael acceptors and Eschenmoser's salt is presented. Albeit reminiscent of the Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction, this process requires no Lewis base catalyst. The underlying mechanism could be unveiled by a combination of kinetic, isotopic labelling experiments as well as computational investigations, showcasing the critical role of HFIP as a superior mediator for proton transfer events as well as the decisive role of the halide counterion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nuno Maulide
- Universitat Wien, Chemistry, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang J, Delolo FG, Spannenberg A, Jackstell R, Beller M. A Selective and General Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydroaminomethylation of Olefins to Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112597. [PMID: 34738697 PMCID: PMC9299624 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new cobalt catalyst is presented for the domino hydroformylation-reductive amination reaction of olefins. The optimal Co-tert-BuPy-Xantphos catalyst shows good to excellent linear-to-branched (n/iso) regioselectivity for the reactions of aliphatic alkenes with aromatic amines under mild conditions. This system is far more selective than traditional cobalt(I) catalysts and even better than most known rhodium catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fábio G Delolo
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralf Jackstell
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao F, Shu C, Young CM, Carpenter‐Warren C, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Aryl-β 2 -Amino-Esters by Cooperative Isothiourea and Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11892-11900. [PMID: 33646631 PMCID: PMC8252622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of α-aryl-β2 -amino esters through enantioselective aminomethylation of an arylacetic acid ester in high yields and enantioselectivity via cooperative isothiourea and Brønsted acid catalysis is demonstrated. The scope and limitations of this process are explored (25 examples, up to 94 % yield and 96:4 er), with applications to the synthesis of (S)-Venlafaxine⋅HCl and (S)-Nakinadine B. Mechanistic studies are consistent with a C(1)-ammonium enolate pathway being followed rather than an alternative dynamic kinetic resolution process. Control studies indicate that (i) a linear effect between catalyst and product er is observed; (ii) an acyl ammonium ion can be used as a precatalyst; (iii) reversible isothiourea addition to an in situ generated iminium ion leads to an off-cycle intermediate that can be used as a productive precatalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Chang Shu
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Claire M. Young
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | | | | | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEMSchool of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao F, Shu C, Young CM, Carpenter‐Warren C, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Aryl‐β
2
‐Amino‐Esters by Cooperative Isothiourea and Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Chang Shu
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Claire M. Young
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | | | | | - Andrew D. Smith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| |
Collapse
|