1
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Smak TJ, de Peinder P, Van der Waal JC, Altink R, Vollmer I, Weckhuysen BM. Oxidative Conversion of Polyethylene Towards Di-Carboxylic Acids: A Multi-Analytical Approach. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301198. [PMID: 38009265 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the pressure on the environment created by the increasing amount of plastic waste, the need to develop suitable plastic recycling methods has become more evident. However, the chemical recycling toolbox for polyethylene (PE), the most abundant type of plastic waste, remains underdeveloped. In this work, analytical methods were developed to explore the possibility to oxidatively convert PE into di-carboxylic acids as reaction products. A multi-analytical approach including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, several (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance methods as well as in-situ transmission infrared spectroscopy was used. This led to a thorough qualitative and quantitative analysis on the product mixture, which extends and clarifies the existing literature. Without a catalyst (thermally) already up to 7 mol % di-carboxylic acids can be formed. Furthermore, it was found that the majority of the oxidized functionalities are carboxylic acids, (methyl) ketones, γ-lactones, γ-ketones and esters. An intra-molecular hydrogen shift seemed key in the cleavage step and the formation of late-stage side products. In addition, crosslinking reactions due to esterification reactions seem to limit the di-carboxylic acid yield. Therefore, these two handles can be taken into account to study and design similar (catalytic) systems for the oxidative conversion of plastic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J Smak
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter de Peinder
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rinke Altink
- TNO, Brightsite, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD, Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Vollmer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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2
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Yıldız E, Lalikoglu M, Aşçı YS, Sırma Tarım B. Investigation of reactive extraction of monocarboxylic acids with menthol-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent by response surface methodology. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2192382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Yıldız
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melisa Lalikoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Selim Aşçı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Sırma Tarım
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
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3
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Wu ZH, Cheng AQ, Yuan M, Zhao YX, Yang HL, Wei LH, Wang HY, Wang T, Zhang Z, Duan WL. Cobalt-Catalysed Asymmetric Addition and Alkylation of Secondary Phosphine Oxides for the Synthesis of P-Stereogenic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27241-27246. [PMID: 34739169 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of P-chiral phosphorus compounds is an important way to construct P-chiral ligands. Herein, we report a new strategy that adopts the pyridinyl moiety as the coordinating group in the cobalt-catalysed asymmetric nucleophilic addition/alkylation of secondary phosphine oxides. A series of tertiary phosphine oxides were generated with up to 99 % yield and 99.5 % ee, and with broad functional-group tolerance. Mechanistic studies reveal that (R)-secondary phosphine oxides preferentially interact with the cobalt catalysts to produce P-stereogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Hua Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - An-Qi Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ya-Xuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huai-Lan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Li-Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Huai-Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zunting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei-Liang Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Xi Changan Street, Xi'an, 710119, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Road, Yangzhou, 225002, China
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4
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Wu Z, Cheng A, Yuan M, Zhao Y, Yang H, Wei L, Wang H, Wang T, Zhang Z, Duan W. Cobalt‐Catalysed Asymmetric Addition and Alkylation of Secondary Phosphine Oxides for the Synthesis of
P
‐Stereogenic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeng‐Hua Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - An‐Qi Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Ya‐Xuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Huai‐Lan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Li‐Hua Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Huai‐Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Zunting Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Wei‐Liang Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University 620 Xi Changan Street Xi'an 710119 China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University 180 Siwangting Road Yangzhou 225002 China
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5
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Zhang Y, Sigrist M, Dydio P. Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroformylation of Alkenes and Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Michel Sigrist
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Paweł Dydio
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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6
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Ge Y, Ye F, Yang J, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Jackstell R, Beller M. Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Carbonylation to α,β-Unsaturated Piperidones via Selective Cleavage of Carbon-Carbon Triple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22393-22400. [PMID: 34382728 PMCID: PMC8519052 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A direct and selective synthesis of α,β-unsaturated piperidones by a new palladium-catalyzed cascade carbonylation is described. In the presented protocol, easily available propargylic alcohols react with aliphatic amines to provide a broad variety of interesting heterocycles. Key to the success of this transformation is a remarkable catalytic cleavage of the present carbon-carbon triple bond by using a specific catalyst with 2-diphenylphosphinopyridine as ligand and appropriate reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies and control experiments revealed branched unsaturated acid 11 as crucial intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Fei Ye
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Normal UniversityNo. 2318, Yuhangtang Road311121HangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ji Yang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Ralf Jackstell
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
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7
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Ge Y, Ye F, Yang J, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Jackstell R, Beller M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascade Carbonylation to α,β‐Unsaturated Piperidones via Selective Cleavage of Carbon–Carbon Triple Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Fei Ye
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Normal University No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road 311121 Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Ji Yang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Ralf Jackstell
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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8
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Yao Y, Zou X, Wang Y, Yang H, Ren Z, Guan Z. Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Markovnikov Hydroxycarbonylation and Hydroalkoxycarbonylation of Vinyl Arenes: Synthesis of 2‐Arylpropanoic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Jin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
| | - Zheng‐Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry & Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710127 P. R. China
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9
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Yao YH, Zou XJ, Wang Y, Yang HY, Ren ZH, Guan ZH. Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Markovnikov Hydroxycarbonylation and Hydroalkoxycarbonylation of Vinyl Arenes: Synthesis of 2-Arylpropanoic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23117-23122. [PMID: 34240535 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric hydroxycarbonylation is one of the most fundamental yet challenging methods for the synthesis of carboxylic acids. Herein, we reported the development of a palladium-catalyzed highly enantioselective Markovnikov hydroxycarbonylation of vinyl arenes with CO and water. A monodentate phosphoramidite ligand L6 plays vital role in the reaction. The reaction tolerates a range of functional groups, and provides a facile and atom-economical approach to an array of 2-arylpropanoic acids including several commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The catalytic system has also enabled an asymmetric Markovnikov hydroalkoxycarbonylation of vinyl arenes with alcohols to afford 2-arylpropanates. Mechanistic investigations suggested that the reactions proceed through a palladium-hydride pathway, the hydropalladation is irreversible and is the regio- and enantiodetermining step, while hydrolysis/alcoholysis is probably the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hong Yao
- Northwest University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Xian-Jin Zou
- Northwest University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Northwest University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Hui-Yi Yang
- Northwest University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Northwest University, Department of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Northwest University, Chemistry, #1 Xuefu Road, 710127, Xi'an, CHINA
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10
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Ren X, Wang Z, Shen C, Tian X, Tang L, Ji X, Dong K. Asymmetric Alkoxy‐ and Hydroxy‐Carbonylations of Functionalized Alkenes Assisted by β‐Carbonyl Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ren
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Institute of Molecular Science Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Lin Tang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Xiaolei Ji
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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11
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Ren X, Wang Z, Shen C, Tian X, Tang L, Ji X, Dong K. Asymmetric Alkoxy- and Hydroxy-Carbonylations of Functionalized Alkenes Assisted by β-Carbonyl Groups. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17693-17700. [PMID: 34109712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As a fundamental type of carbonylation reaction, the alkoxy- and hydroxy-carbonylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons constitutes one of the most important industrial applications of homogeneous catalysis. However, owing to the difficulties in controlling multi-selectivities for asymmetric hydrocarbonylation of alkenes, this reaction is typically limited to vinylarenes and analogues. In this work, a highly efficient asymmetric alkoxy- and hydroxy-carbonylation of β-carbonyl functionalized alkenes was developed, providing practical and easy access to various densely functionalized chiral molecules with high optical purity from broadly available alkenes, CO, and nucleophiles (>90 examples, 84-99 % ee). This protocol features mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope, and the products can be readily transformed into a diverse array of chiral heterocycles. Control experiments revealed the key role of the β-carbonyl group in determining the enantioselectivity and promoting the activity, which facilitates chiral induction by coordination to the transition metal as rationalized by DFT calculations. The strategy of utilizing an innate functional group as the directing group on the alkene substrate might find further applications in catalytic asymmetric hydrocarbonylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Ren
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Chaoren Shen
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaolei Ji
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Kaiwu Dong
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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12
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Zhou H, Li Z, Xu S, Lu L, Xu M, Ji K, Ge R, Yan Y, Ma L, Kong X, Zheng L, Duan H. Selectively Upgrading Lignin Derivatives to Carboxylates through Electrochemical Oxidative C(OH)−C Bond Cleavage by a Mn‐Doped Cobalt Oxyhydroxide Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Si‐Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lilin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Kaiyue Ji
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ruixiang Ge
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yifan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lina Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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13
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Zhou H, Li Z, Xu S, Lu L, Xu M, Ji K, Ge R, Yan Y, Ma L, Kong X, Zheng L, Duan H. Selectively Upgrading Lignin Derivatives to Carboxylates through Electrochemical Oxidative C(OH)−C Bond Cleavage by a Mn‐Doped Cobalt Oxyhydroxide Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8976-8982. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Si‐Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lilin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Kaiyue Ji
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ruixiang Ge
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yifan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lina Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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14
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Geitner R, Gurinov A, Huang T, Kupfer S, Gräfe S, Weckhuysen BM. Reaction Mechanism of Pd-Catalyzed "CO-Free" Carbonylation Reaction Uncovered by In Situ Spectroscopy: The Formyl Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3422-3427. [PMID: 33150717 PMCID: PMC7898928 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
"CO-free" carbonylation reactions, where synthesis gas (CO/H2 ) is substituted by C1 surrogate molecules like formaldehyde or formic acid, have received widespread attention in homogeneous catalysis lately. Although a broad range of organics is available via this method, still relatively little is known about the precise reaction mechanism. In this work, we used in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to unravel the mechanism of the alkoxycarbonylation of alkenes using different surrogate molecules. In contrast to previous hypotheses no carbon monoxide could be found during the reaction. Instead the reaction proceeds via the C-H activation of in situ generated methyl formate. On the basis of quantitative NMR experiments, a kinetic model involving all major intermediates is built which enables the knowledge-driven optimization of the reaction. Finally, a new reaction mechanism is proposed on the basis of in situ observed Pd-hydride, Pd-formyl and Pd-acyl species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Geitner
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis GroupDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Andrei Gurinov
- NMR Spectroscopy groupBijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 8, 3584CHUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Tianbai Huang
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis GroupDebye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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15
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Geitner R, Gurinov A, Huang T, Kupfer S, Gräfe S, Weckhuysen BM. Reaction Mechanism of Pd‐Catalyzed “CO‐Free” Carbonylation Reaction Uncovered by In Situ Spectroscopy: The Formyl Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Geitner
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Andrei Gurinov
- NMR Spectroscopy group Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research Utrecht University Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Tianbai Huang
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Stefanie Gräfe
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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