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Shen J, Lauterbach S, Hess C. Rational Design of Mesoporous CuO-CeO 2 Catalysts for NH 3-SCR Applications Guided by Multiple In Situ Spectroscopies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43407-43420. [PMID: 36111672 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Efficient nontoxic catalysts for low-temperature NH3 selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) applications are of great interest. Owing to their promising redox and low-temperature activity, we prepared CuO-CeO2 catalysts on a mesoporous SBA-15 support using targeted solid-state impregnation (SSI), guided by multiple in situ spectroscopy. The use of template P123 allowed dedicated modification of the surface properties of the SBA-15 matrix, resulting in a changed reactivity behavior of the metal precursors during the calcination process. To unravel the details of the transformation of the precursors to the final catalyst material, we applied in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT), UV-visible (UV-vis), and Raman spectroscopies as well as online Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) monitoring of the gas-phase composition, in addition to ex situ surface, porosity, and structural analysis. The in situ analysis reveals two types of nitrate decomposition mechanisms: a nitrate-bridging route leading to the formation of a CuO-CeO2 solid solution with increased low-temperature NH3-SCR activity, and a hydrolysis route, which facilitates the formation of binary oxides CuO + CeO2 showing activity over a broader temperature window peaking at higher temperatures. Our findings demonstrate that a detailed understanding of catalytic performance requires a profound knowledge of the calcination step and that the use of in situ analysis facilitates the rational design of catalytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shen
- Eduard Zintl Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stefan Lauterbach
- Institut für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, TU Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Hess
- Eduard Zintl Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Zhen S, Zhang G, Cheng D, Gao H, Li L, Lin X, Ding Z, Zhao ZJ, Gong J. Nature of the Active Sites of Copper Zinc Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201913. [PMID: 35289049 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2 ER) to multi-carbon chemical feedstocks over Cu-based catalysts is of considerable attraction but suffers with the ambiguous nature of active sites, which hinder the rational design of catalysts and large-scale industrialization. This paper describes a large-scale simulation to obtain realistic CuZn nanoparticle models and the atom-level structure of active sites for C2+ products on CuZn catalysts in CO2 ER, combining neural network based global optimization and density functional theory calculations. Upon analyzing over 2000 surface sites through high throughput tests based on NN potential, two kinds of active sites are identified, balanced Cu-Zn sites and Zn-heavy Cu-Zn sites, both facilitating C-C coupling, which are verified by subsequent calculational and experimental investigations. This work provides a paradigm for the design of high-performance Cu-based catalysts and may offer a general strategy to identify accurately the atomic structures of active sites in complex catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Dongfang Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zheyuan Ding
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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Zhen S, Zhang G, Cheng D, Gao H, Li L, Lin X, Ding Z, Zhao Z, Gong J. Nature of the Active Sites of Copper Zinc Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Dongfang Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Lulu Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xiaoyun Lin
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zheyuan Ding
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhi‐Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin University Weijin Road 92 Tianjin 300072 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
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