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Lu W, Hensiek N, Saha K, Dewhurst RD, Härterich M, Pranckevicius C, Hagspiel S, Dietz M, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H. Electron-Precise Dicationic Tetraboranes: Syntheses, Structures and Rearrangement to an Alkylidene Borate-Borenium Zwitterion and a 1,3-Azaborinine. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300644. [PMID: 37272320 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbene-stabilized symmetrical and unsymmetrical dicationic tetraboranes, featuring an electron-precise tetraborane chain, were synthesized and fully characterized. Reactions of these tetraboranes with reductants/bases give rise to different outcomes according to the conditions employed, including: 1) reduction and rearrangement of the tetraborane chain to give a zwitterionic alkylidene borate-borenium species; 2) cleavage of the tetraborane chain to afford a 1,3-azaborinine; and 3) reduction of the supporting ligands to provide a diamino dipotassium salt. The zwitterionic alkylidene borate-borenium species can be viewed as an analogue of the base-stabilized diborenes. NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations reveal a highly polarized B-B bond in the zwitterionic alkylidene borate-borenium, in which the formal oxidation states of the boron atoms can be considered as -1 and +2. These results suggest the considerable potential of tetraboranes as synthons for low-valent boron species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Nicola Hensiek
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Koushik Saha
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Conor Pranckevicius
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hagspiel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Jie X, Chen C, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Boraalkenes Made by a Hydroboration Route: Cycloaddition and B=C Bond Cleavage Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214700. [PMID: 36433899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydroboration of styrene or vinylcyclohexane with the IMes(C6 F5 )BH+ cation followed by deprotonation provided a convenient synthetic entry to the [B]=CHCH2 R boraalkenes 9 a and 9 b. The in situ generated IMes(SCN)BH+ system reacted similarly with 1,1-diphenylethene followed by deprotonation to give the isothiocyanato substituted boraalkene 9 c. The boraalkenes underwent [2+2] cycloaddition reactions with a small series of heterocumulenes to give the respective four-membered heterocycles. The [B]=CHCH2 R+CO2 cycloadducts 13 a and 13 b added the borane HB(C6 F5 )2 with cleavage of the central B-C σ-bond. CS2 underwent an unusual reaction with the boraalkenes, namely insertion into the B=C bond with formation of the borylated dithioketene acetal under complete rupture of the strong B=C double bond. The intermediate dithiobora-β-lactone type intermediate was isolated in the case of the isothiocyanato-boraalkene reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Jie
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chaohuang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Han J, Li Q, Wei R, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung C, Kong L. Crystalline Neutral Diboron Analogues of Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117053. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jixing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - David A. Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Han J, Li Q, Wei R, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung CH, Kong L. Crystalline Neutral Diboron Analogues of Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jixing Han
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Qianli Li
- Liaocheng University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Wei
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - David A Ruiz
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Lingbing Kong
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 27 Shanda Nanlu 250100 Jinan CHINA
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Lu W, Jayaraman A, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Härterich M, Dietz M, Hagspiel S, Krummenacher I, Hammond K, Cui J, Braunschweig H. An Unsymmetrical, Cyclic Diborene Based on a Chelating CAAC Ligand and its Small-Molecule Activation and Rearrangement Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113947. [PMID: 34750945 PMCID: PMC9299934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot synthesis of a CAAC-stabilized, unsymmetrical, cyclic diborene was achieved via consecutive two-electron reduction steps from an adduct of CAAC and B2 Br4 (SMe2 )2 . Theoretical studies revealed that this diborene has a considerably smaller HOMO-LUMO gap than those of reported NHC- and phosphine-supported diborenes. Complexation of the diborene with [AuCl(PCy3 )] afforded two diborene-AuI π complexes, while reaction with DurBH2 , P4 and a terminal acetylene led to the cleavage of B-H, P-P, and C-C π bonds, respectively. Thermal rearrangement of the diborene gave an electron-rich cyclic alkylideneborane, which readily coordinated to AgI via its B=C double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan University29 Wangjiang RoadChengdu610064P. R. China
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- School of Physical SciencesIngram BuildingUniversity of KentPark Wood RoadCanterburyCT2 7NHUnited Kingdom
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Stephan Hagspiel
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Kai Hammond
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with BoronJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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Lu W, Jayaraman A, Fantuzzi F, Dewhurst RD, Härterich M, Dietz M, Hagspiel S, Krummenacher I, Hammond K, Cui J, Braunschweig H. Ein unsymmetrisches, cyclisches Diboren basierend auf einem chelatisierenden CAAC‐Liganden sowie dessen Aktivierung kleiner Moleküle und Umlagerungsreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University 29 Wangjiang Road Chengdu 610064 P. R. China
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- School of Physical Sciences Ingram Building University of Kent Park Wood Road Canterbury CT2 7NH United Kingdom
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Marcel Härterich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Maximilian Dietz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Stephan Hagspiel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Kai Hammond
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit Bor Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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Gao H, Müller R, Irran E, Klare HFT, Kaupp M, Oestreich M. Competition for Hydride between Silicon and Boron: Synthesis and Characterization of a Hydroborane-Stabilized Silylium Ion. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104464. [PMID: 34918852 PMCID: PMC9303568 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Potent main‐group Lewis acids are capable of activating element‐hydrogen bonds. To probe the rivalry for hydride between silylium‐ and borenium‐ion centers, a neutral precursor with the hydrosilane and hydroborane units in close proximity on a naphthalene‐1,8‐diyl platform was designed. Abstraction of one hydride leads to a hydroborane‐stabilized silylium ion rather than a hydrosilane‐coordinated borenium ion paired with [B(C6F5)4]− or [HCB11Cl11]− as counteranions. Characterization by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction supported by DFT calculations reveals a cationic, unsymmetrical open three‐center, two‐electron (3c2e) Si−H−B linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Gao
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Robert Müller
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Elisabeth Irran
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Hendrik F T Klare
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Technische Universität Berlin: Technische Universitat Berlin, Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, GERMANY
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