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Wu S, Han Y, Ni Y, Hou X, Wei H, Li Z, Wu J. Unveiling Möbius/Hückel Topology and Aromaticity in A Core-Expanded [10]Annulene at Different Oxidation States. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320144. [PMID: 38243691 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of annulene's conformation, electronic properties and aromaticity has generated enduring interest over the years, yet it continues to present formidable challenges for annulenes with more than ten carbon atoms. In this study, we present the synthesis of a stable [10]cyclo-para-phenylmethine derivative (1), which bears a resemblance to [10]annulene. 1 can be readily oxidized into its respective cations, wherein electrons are effectively delocalized along the backbone, resulting in different conformations and aromaticity. Both 1 and its tetracation (14+ ⋅ 4SbF6 - ) exhibit a nearly planar conformation with a rectangular shape, akin to the E,Z,E,Z,Z-[10]annulene. In contrast, the radical cation (1⋅+ ⋅ SbCl6 - ) possesses a doubly twisted Hückel topology. Furthermore, the dication (12+ ⋅ 2SbCl6 - ) displays conformational flexibility in solution and crystalizes with the simultaneous presence of Möbius-twisted (1a2+ ⋅ 2SbCl6 - ) and Hückel-planar (1b2+ ⋅ 2SbCl6 - ) isomers in its unit cell. Detailed experimental measurements and theoretical calculations reveal that: (1) 1 demonstrates localized aromaticity with an alternating benzenoid/quinoid structure; (2) 1a2+ ⋅ 2SbCl6 - and 1b2+ ⋅ 2SbCl6 - with 48π electrons are weakly Möbius aromatic and Hückel antiaromatic, respectively; (3) 14+ ⋅ 4SbF6 - exhibits Hückel aromaticity (46π) and open-shell diradical character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Ni
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xudong Hou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haipeng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhengtao Li
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, 32400, P. R. China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
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2
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Olea Ulloa C, Guajardo-Maturana R, Muñoz-Castro A. On the Cation-π capabilities of infinitene (∞). Evaluation of bonding and circular dichroism properties for Infinitene-Ag(I)n (n = 1–4) complexes from relativistic DFT calculations. Polyhedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2023.116323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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3
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Luo Z, Yang X, Cai K, Fu X, Zhang D, Ma Y, Zhao D. Toward Möbius and Tubular Cyclopolyarene Nanorings via Arylbutadiyne Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Kang Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiangyu Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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4
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Luo Z, Yang X, Cai K, Fu X, Zhang D, Ma Y, Zhao D. Toward Möbius and Tubular Cyclopolyarene Nanorings via Arylbutadiyne Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14854-14860. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Kang Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiangyu Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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5
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De S, Sadik MNK, Liya S. 6π, 8π and 10π Six Membered Sulfur Nitrogen Compounds: A Comparative Study with Organic Analogues. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susmita De
- Department of Applied ChemistryCochin University of Science and Technology Thrikakkara, Kochi – 682 022, Kerala India
| | - Mohammad N. K. Sadik
- Department of Applied ChemistryCochin University of Science and Technology Thrikakkara, Kochi – 682 022, Kerala India
| | - Susan Liya
- Department of Applied ChemistryCochin University of Science and Technology Thrikakkara, Kochi – 682 022, Kerala India
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7
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An K, Shen T, Zhu J. Craig-Type Möbius Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Dimetalla[10]annulenes: A Metal-Induced Yin-and-Yang Pair. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke An
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical
Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Ting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical
Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical
Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical
Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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8
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Casado J. Para-Quinodimethanes: A Unified Review of the Quinoidal-Versus-Aromatic Competition and its Implications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:73. [PMID: 28762218 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0163-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this article, some quinoidal p-quinodimethanes compounds that convert partially or completely to diradicals or biradicaloids are analyzed. The aromatic/quinoidal balance is revisited with the objective of providing a common interpretation for most of them. For that purpose, important structural and energetic parameters such as the bond length alternation pattern and the singlet-triplet gaps are analyzed and interpreted in the framework of double spin polarization and π-conjugation. p-Quinodimethanes based in oligothiophenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, oligophenylenes, thienothiophenes, charged dications and cyclic conjugated molecules are discussed. There are excellent reviews in the field of singlet diradicals; however, a revision similar to that proposed here can help the reader to have another perspective on these promising new functional materials. The focus has been put on molecules which are well known by the author and another of relevance in the field. In this regard, the article finishes with a discussion of some important applications of these diradicals in organic electronics. New chemical systems based on the p-quinodimethane building blocks are waiting us around the corner, bringing us new and challenging structures and fascinating novel properties, which describe a very rich field of research in chemistry and in physics with an excellent present and a bright future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.
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9
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Ishida SI, Kim JO, Kim D, Osuka A. Doubly N-Fused [24]Pentaphyrin Silicon Complex and Its Fluorosilicate: Enhanced Möbius Aromaticity in the Fluorosilicate. Chemistry 2016; 22:16554-16561. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Ishida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Jun Oh Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems and Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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10
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Tanaka T, Osuka A. Chemistry of meso-Aryl-Substituted Expanded Porphyrins: Aromaticity and Molecular Twist. Chem Rev 2016; 117:2584-2640. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry,
Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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11
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Alvarez MP, Ruiz Delgado MC, Taravillo M, Baonza VG, López Navarrete JT, Evans P, Jasti R, Yamago S, Kertesz M, Casado J. The Raman fingerprint of cyclic conjugation: the case of the stabilization of cations and dications in cycloparaphenylenes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3494-3499. [PMID: 29997841 PMCID: PMC6007183 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic conjugation and Biradical formation in charged cycloparaphenylenes are described by Raman spectroscopy and DFT.
Radical cations and dications of [n]CPP from n = 5 to n = 12 have been studied by Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory. Small [n]CPP dications owe their stability to the closed-shell electronic structure imposed by cyclic conjugation surpassing the destabilizing effect of ring strain and of the electron deficiency of the charged states. Large [n]CPP dications mitigate cyclic strain by forming diradicals. The Raman spectra reflect the balance among cyclic conjugation, cyclic strain and biradicaloid stabilization by finding an unexpected turning point in the frequency behavior of the G vibrational modes as a function of size. These Raman data represent the vibrational fingerprint of this rare form of conjugation which is central to stabilize both cations and dications of [n]CPP macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Peña Alvarez
- Malta Consolider Team , Department of Physical Chemistry , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Taravillo
- Malta Consolider Team , Department of Physical Chemistry , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - Valentín G Baonza
- Malta Consolider Team , Department of Physical Chemistry , Complutense University of Madrid , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | | | - Paul Evans
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute 1253 , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon 97403 , USA
| | - Ramesh Jasti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Science Institute 1253 , University of Oregon , Eugene , Oregon 97403 , USA
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research , Kyoto University , Uji 611-0011 , Japan
| | - Miklos Kertesz
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Soft Matter , Georgetown University , Washington , D.C. 20057-1227 , USA .
| | - Juan Casado
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Málaga , 29071 Málaga , Spain .
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12
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Wang E, He Z, Zhao E, Meng L, Schütt C, Lam JWY, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Huang X, Herges R, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced-Emission-Active Macrocycle Exhibiting Analogous Triply and Singly Twisted Möbius Topologies. Chemistry 2015; 21:11707-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Möbius K, Plato M, Klihm G, Laurich C, Savitsky A, Lubitz W, Szyszko B, Stępień M, Latos-Grażyński L. Möbius–Hückel topology switching in an expanded porphyrin cation radical as studied by EPR and ENDOR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:6644-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05745g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The symmetry of the arrangement of objects has fascinated philosophers, artists and scientists for a long time, and still does.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Möbius
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Fachbereich Physik
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
| | - Martin Plato
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Fachbereich Physik
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Gudrun Klihm
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim (Ruhr)
- Germany
| | - Christoph Laurich
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim (Ruhr)
- Germany
| | - Anton Savitsky
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim (Ruhr)
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim (Ruhr)
- Germany
| | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii
- Uniwersytet Wrocławski
- 50-383 Wrocław
- Poland
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14
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Chemical Bonding and Aromaticity in Poly-heterocyclic Compounds. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45149-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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17
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Coluccini C, Mazzanti A, Pasini D. Locked chromophores as CD and NMR probes for the helical conformation of tetraamidic macrocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:1807-15. [DOI: 10.1039/b924400j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Toganoh M, Furuta H. Theoretical Study on Rotation of Pyrrole Rings in Porphyrin and N-Confused Porphyrin. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13953-63. [DOI: 10.1021/jp906126g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Toganoh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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19
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Wannere CS, Rzepa HS, Rinderspacher BC, Paul A, Allan CSM, Schaefer HF, Schleyer PVR. The Geometry and Electronic Topology of Higher-Order Charged Möbius Annulenes. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:11619-29. [DOI: 10.1021/jp902176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya S. Wannere
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - Henry S. Rzepa
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - B. Christopher Rinderspacher
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - Ankan Paul
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - Charlotte S. M. Allan
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
| | - Paul v. R. Schleyer
- Department of Chemistry and the Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30605, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 381 North South Mall, Stanford, California 94305, and Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AY, U.K
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Hoffmann
- Laboratoire des Réactions Sélectives et Applications, UMR 6519 CNRS et Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, B.P. 1039, F-51687 Reims, Cedex 02, France
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21
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Kawase T, Nakamura T, Utsumi K, Matsumoto K, Kurata H, Oda M. 8,14,30,36-Tetramethoxy[2.0.2.0](1,6)naphthalenophane-1,19-diyne: A Double-Helically Twisted Cyclophane by Diastereoselective Dimerization. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:573-577. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Tanaka Y, Saito S, Mori S, Aratani N, Shinokubo H, Shibata N, Higuchi Y, Yoon Z, Kim K, Noh S, Park J, Kim D, Osuka A. Metalation of Expanded Porphyrins: A Chemical Trigger Used To Produce Molecular Twisting and Möbius Aromaticity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:681-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Tanaka Y, Saito S, Mori S, Aratani N, Shinokubo H, Shibata N, Higuchi Y, Yoon Z, Kim K, Noh S, Park J, Kim D, Osuka A. Metalation of Expanded Porphyrins: A Chemical Trigger Used To Produce Molecular Twisting and Möbius Aromaticity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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24
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Pérez EM, Martín N. Curves ahead: molecular receptors for fullerenes based on concave–convex complementarity. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1512-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b802589b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazukuni Tahara
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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26
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Kawase T, Kurata H. Ball-, Bowl-, and Belt-Shaped Conjugated Systems and Their Complexing Abilities: Exploration of the Concave−Convex π−π Interaction. Chem Rev 2006; 106:5250-73. [PMID: 17165687 DOI: 10.1021/cr0509657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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27
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Kui SCF, Huang JS, Sun RWY, Zhu N, Che CM. Self-Assembly of a Highly Stable, Topologically Interesting Metallamacrocycle by Bridging Gold(I) Ions with Pyridyl-2,6-diphenyl2− and Diphosphanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:4663-6. [PMID: 16791889 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven C F Kui
- Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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28
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Kui SCF, Huang JS, Sun RWY, Zhu N, Che CM. Self-Assembly of a Highly Stable, Topologically Interesting Metallamacrocycle by Bridging Gold(I) Ions with Pyridyl-2,6-diphenyl2− and Diphosphanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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King RB, Silaghi-Dumitrescu I, Lupan A, Kun A. The shapes of hypoelectronic six-vertex anionic bare boron clusters: Effects of the countercations. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/10241220600798435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Pawlicki M, Latos-Grazyński L, Szterenberg L. Cadmium(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes of Pyrrole-Appended Oxacarbaporphyrin: A Side-on Coordination Mode of O-Confused Carbaporphyrin. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:9779-86. [PMID: 16363847 DOI: 10.1021/ic051238x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A pyrrole adduct of 5,20-diphenyl-10,15-di(p-tolyl)-2-oxa-21-carbaporphyrin [(H,pyr)OCPH]H(2) reacted with sodium ethanolate to yield 5,20-diphenyl-10,15-di(p-tolyl)-3-ethoxy-3-(2'-pyrrol)-2-oxa-21-carbaporphyrin [(EtO,pyr)OCPH]H(2). Subsequently, "true" O-confused oxaporphyrin with a pendant pyrrole ring [(pyr)OCPH]H was formed by the addition of acid to [(EtO,pyr)OCPH]H(2), which triggered an ethanol elimination. In the course of this process, the tetrahedral-trigonal rearrangements originated at the C(3) atom. Insertion of zinc(II), cadmium(II), and nickel(II) into [(pyr)OCPH]H yielded [(pyr)OCPH]Zn(II)Cl, [(pyr)OCPH]Cd(II)Cl, and [(pyr)OCP]Ni(II). The formation of [(pyr)OCP]Ni(II) was accompanied by the C(21)H dehydrogenation step. The nickel(II) ion of [(pyr)OCP]Ni(II), coordinated to a dianionic macrocyclic ligand, is bound by three pyrrolic nitrogens and a trigonally hybridized C(21) atom of the inverted furan. The pyrrole-appended O-confused carbaporphyrin acts as a monoanionic ligand toward zinc(II) and cadmium(II) cations. Three nitrogen atoms and the C(21)H fragment of the inverted furan occupy equatorial positions. In (1)H NMR spectra, the unique inner C(21)H resonances of the inverted furan ring are located at 0.15 ppm for [(pyr)OCPH]Zn(II)Cl, and at 0.21 ppm for [(pyr)OCPH]Cd(II)Cl. The proximity of the furan fragment to the metal ion induces direct scalar couplings between the spin-active nucleus of the metal ((111/113)Cd) and the adjacent (1)H nucleus. The interaction of the metal ion and C(21)H was also reflected by significant changes in carbon chemical shifts ([(pyr)OCPH]Zn(II)Cl, 78.3 ppm; [(pyr)OCPH]Cd(II)Cl, 81.4 ppm; the free base, 101.3 ppm). The density functional theory (DFT) has been applied to model the molecular structures of zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes of O-confused oxaporphyrin with an appended pyrrole ring. The Cd...C(21) distance in the optimized structure exceeds the typical Cd-C bond lengths, but is much shorter than the corresponding van der Waals contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Pawlicki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, Wrocław 50 383, Poland
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Kawase T. Allenophan- und Allenoacetylen-Makrocyclen: eine neue Klasse chiraler Cyclophane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200502474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kawase T. Allenophane and Allenoacetylenic Macrocycles: A New Class of Chiral Cyclophanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:7334-6. [PMID: 16231386 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200502474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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Burley GA. Trannulenes with “In-Plane” Aromaticity: Candidates for Harvesting Light Energy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:3176-8. [PMID: 15898056 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200500362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Burley
- Fakultät Chemie und Pharmazie, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13 (Haus F), 81377 München, Germany.
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Burley GA. Trannulene mit “in-plane”-Aromatizität: Elektronenacceptoren zum Speichern von Lichtenergie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200500362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Castro C, Chen Z, Wannere CS, Jiao H, Karney WL, Mauksch M, Puchta R, Hommes NJRVE, Schleyer PVR. Investigation of a Putative Möbius Aromatic Hydrocarbon. The Effect of Benzannelation on Möbius [4n]Annulene Aromaticity. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:2425-32. [PMID: 15724997 DOI: 10.1021/ja0458165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first experimental example of a [4n]annulene derivative with one Mobius twist, 1, was synthesized recently [Ajami, D.; Oeckler, O.; Simon, A.; Herges, R. Nature 2003, 426, 819] and was purported to possess aromatic character. However, critical analysis of the published crystallographic data indicates that the Mobius [16]annulene core of 1 shows large bond alternation (Deltar up to 0.157 A). Delocalization in this core is inhibited by large dihedral angles, which hinders effective pi overlap. This conclusion is supported by computational results (B3LYP/6-311+G) on 1 and several less benzannelated derivatives, based on geometric (Deltar, Deltar(m), Julg A, HOMA) and magnetic (NICS, magnetic susceptibility exaltation) criteria of aromaticity. That benzannelation results in bond localization in the [16]annulene core is shown by additional computations on benzannelated derivatives of other Mobius aromatic species. Additionally, the aromatic stabilization energy (ASE) of 1 has been reinvestigated using two different procedures. Evaluation of uncorrected ISE(II) values of just the polyene bridge portion of 1 and its Huckel counterpart suggests that stabilization of 1 relative to its Huckel isomer is confined to the polyene bridge and is not due to a delocalized pi circuit. Furthermore, application of s-cis/s-trans corrections lowers the ISE(II) value of 1 from 4.0 kcal/mol to 0.6 kcal/mol, suggesting that 1 is nonaromatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Castro
- Department of Chemistry, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, California 94117-1080, USA.
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