1
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Hagiwara H, Sonoda K. Impact of flexible hexyl chain ordering in a mononuclear spin crossover iron(III) complex. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5851-5860. [PMID: 38477362 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A novel FeIII complex [Fe(Hex-tnal)2]BPh4 (1) with a tridentate N2O ligand having an n-hexyl chain, Hex-Htnal (=1-((((1-hexyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl)imino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol), is reported. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed that 1 exhibits a two-step spin crossover (SCO) transition in the 400-10 K temperature range, including an unusual gradual χMT change above RT (300-345 K) and a hysteretic χMT jump in a narrow temperature range of 345-357 K. These behaviors were also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. Variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the order-disorder transition and conformational change of the hexyl chains and the symmetry change associated with the re-entrant structural phase transition, namely triclinic P1̄ (100-275 K) ↔ monoclinic C2/c (296-340 K) ↔ triclinic P1̄ (360 K), are coupled to variations in intermolecular interactions and the N4O2 coordination environment, resulting in the occurrence of the unusual two-step SCO transition of 1. This study demonstrates that the flexible motion of alkyl substituents in the supramolecular lattice influences the occurrence of anomalous magnetic switching properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hagiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Kento Sonoda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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2
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Kulmaczewski R, Halcrow MA. Iron(II) complexes of 2,6-bis(imidazo[1,2- a]pyridin-2-yl)pyridine and related ligands with annelated distal heterocyclic donors. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14928-14940. [PMID: 37799008 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02747c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Following a published synthesis of 2,6-bis(imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl)pyridine (L1), treatment of α,α'-dibromo-2,6-diacetylpyridine with 2 equiv. 2-aminopyrimidine or 2-aminoquinoline in refluxing acetonitrile respectively gives 2,6-bis(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)pyridine (L2) and 2,6-bis(imidazo[1,2-a]quinolin-2-yl)pyridine (L3). Solvated crystals of [Fe(L1)2][BF4]2 (1[BF4]2) and [Fe(L2)2][BF4]2 (2[BF4]2) are mostly high-spin, although one solvate of 1[BF4]2 undergoes thermal spin-crossover on cooling. The iron coordination geometry is consistently distorted in crystals of 2[BF4]2 which may reflect the influence of intramolecular, inter-ligand N⋯π interactions on the molecular conformation. Only 1 : 1 Fe : L3 complexes were observed in solution, or isolated in the solid state; a crystal structure of [FeBr(py)2L3]Br·0.5H2O (py = pyridine) is presented. A solvate crystal structure of high-spin [Fe(L4)2][BF4]2 (L4 = 2,6-di{quinolin-2-yl}pyridine; 4[BF4]2) is also described, which exhibits a highly distorted six-coordinate geometry with a helical ligand conformation. The iron(II) complexes are high-spin in solution at room temperature, but 1[BF4]2 and 2[BF4]2 undergo thermal spin-crossover equilibria on cooling. All the compounds exhibit a ligand-based emission in solution at room temperature. Gas phase DFT calculations mostly reproduce the spin state properties of the complexes, but show small anomalies attributed to intramolecular, inter-ligand dispersion interactions in the sterically crowded molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT.
| | - Malcolm A Halcrow
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, UK LS2 9JT.
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3
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Velazquez-Garcia JDJ, Basuroy K, Storozhuk D, Wong J, Demeshko S, Meyer F, Henning R, Techert S. Structural dynamics of a thermally silent triiron(II) spin crossover defect grid complex. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12224-12234. [PMID: 37656445 PMCID: PMC10498823 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02067c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The structural evolution of spin crossover (SCO) complexes during their spin transition at equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium conditions needs to be understood to enable their successful utilisation in displays, actuators and memory components. In this study, diffraction techniques were employed to study the structural changes accompanying the temperature increase and the light irradiation of a defect [2 × 2] triiron(II) metallogrid of the form [FeII3LH2(HLH)2](BF4)4·4MeCN (FE3), LH = 3,5-bis{6-(2,2'-bipyridyl)}pyrazole. Although a multi-temperature crystallographic investigation on single crystals evidenced that the compound does not exhibit a thermal spin transition, the structural analysis of the defect grid suggests that the flexibility of the grid, provided by a metal-devoid vertex, leads to interesting characteristics that can be used for intermolecular cooperativity in related thermally responsive systems. Time-resolved photocrystallography results reveal that upon excitation with a ps laser pulse, the defect grid shows the first two steps of the out-of-equilibrium process, namely the photoinduced and elastic steps, occurring at the ps and ns time scales, respectively. Similar to a previously reported [2 × 2] tetrairon(II) metallogrid, FE3 exhibits a local distortion of the entire grid during the photoinduced step and a long-range distortion of the lattice during the elastic step. Although the lifetime of the pure photoinduced high spin (HS) state is longer in the tetranuclear grid than in the defect grid, suggesting that the global nuclearity plays a crucial role for the lifetime of the photoinduced species, the influence of the co-crystalising solvent on the lifetime of the photoinduced HS state remains unknown. This study sheds light on the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a thermally silent defect triiron SCO metallogrid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishnayan Basuroy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Darina Storozhuk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Joanne Wong
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße, 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße, 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße, 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Henning
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave, Lemont, Illinois, 90439, USA
| | - Simone Techert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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4
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Rabelo R, Toma L, Moliner N, Julve M, Lloret F, Inclán M, García-España E, Pasán J, Ruiz-García R, Cano J. pH-Switching of the luminescent, redox, and magnetic properties in a spin crossover cobalt(ii) molecular nanomagnet. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8850-8859. [PMID: 37621442 PMCID: PMC10445472 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02777e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of mononuclear first-row transition metal complexes as dynamic molecular systems to perform selective functions under the control of an external stimulus that appropriately tunes their properties may greatly impact several domains of molecular nanoscience and nanotechnology. This study focuses on two mononuclear octahedral cobalt(ii) complexes of formula {[CoII(HL)2][CoII(HL)L]}(ClO4)3·9H2O (1) and [CoIIL2]·5H2O (2) [HL = 4'-(4-carboxyphenyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine], isolated as a mixed protonated/hemiprotonated cationic salt or a deprotonated neutral species. This pair of pH isomers constitutes a remarkable example of a dynamic molecular system exhibiting reversible changes in luminescence, redox, and magnetic (spin crossover and spin dynamics) properties as a result of ligand deprotonation, either in solution or solid state. In this last case, the thermal-assisted spin transition coexists with the field-induced magnetisation blockage of "faster" or "slower" relaxing low-spin CoII ions in 1 or 2, respectively. In addition, pH-reversible control of the acid-base equilibrium among dicationic protonated, cationic hemiprotonated, and neutral deprotonated forms in solution enhances luminescence in the UV region. Besides, the reversibility of the one-electron oxidation of the paramagnetic low-spin CoII into the diamagnetic low-spin CoIII ion is partially lost and completely restored by pH decreasing and increasing. The fine-tuning of the optical, redox, and magnetic properties in this novel class of pH-responsive, spin crossover molecular nanomagnets offers fascinating possibilities for advanced multifunctional and multiresponsive magnetic devices for molecular spintronics and quantum computing such as pH-effect spin quantum transformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Rabelo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás 74690-900 Goiânia Brazil
| | - Luminita Toma
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Nicolás Moliner
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Miguel Julve
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Francesc Lloret
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Mario Inclán
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Internacional de Valencia - VIU Valencia Spain
| | - Enrique García-España
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Jorge Pasán
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Materiales para Análisis Químico (MAT4LL), Universidad de La Laguna 38200 Tenerife Spain
| | - Rafael Ruiz-García
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
| | - Joan Cano
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de València 46980 Paterna (València) Spain
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5
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Resines-Urien E, Fernandez-Bartolome E, Martinez-Martinez A, Gamonal A, Piñeiro-López L, Costa JS. Vapochromic effect in switchable molecular-based spin crossover compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:705-727. [PMID: 36484276 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00790h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coordination complexes based on transition metal ions displaying [Ar]3d4-3d7 electronic configurations can undergo the likely most spectacular switchable phenomena found in molecular coordination chemistry, the well-known Spin Crossover (SCO). SCO phenomena is a detectable, reproducible and reversible switch that occurs between the high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) electronic states of the transition metal actuated by different stimuli (i.e. light, temperature, pressure, the presence of an analyte). Moreover, the occurrence of SCO phenomena causes different outputs, one of them being a colour change. Altogether, an analyte in gas form could be detected by naked eye once it has triggered the corresponding HS ↔ LS transition. This vapochromic effect could be used to detect volatile molecules using a low-cost technology, including harmful chemical substances, gases and/or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are present in our environment, in our home or at our workplace. The present review condenses all reported iron coordination compounds where the colour change induced by a given molecule in its gas form is coupled to a HS ↔ LS spin transition. Special emphasis has been made on describing the nature of the post-synthetic modification (PSM) taking place in the material upon the analyte uptake. In this case, three types of PSM can be distinguished: based on supramolecular contacts and/or leading to a coordinative or covalent bond. In the latter, a colour change not only indicates the switch of the spin state in the material but also the formation of a new compound with different properties. It is important to indicate that some of the SCO coordination compounds discussed in the current report have been part of other spin crossover reviews, that have gathered thermally induced SCO compounds and the influence of guest molecules on the SCO behaviour. However, in the majority of examples in these reviews, the change of colour upon the uptake of analytes is not associated with a spin transition at room temperature. In addition, the observed colour variations have been mainly discussed in terms of host-guest interactions, when they can also be induced by a PSM taking place in different sites of the molecule, like the Fe(II) coordination sphere or by chemically altering its inorganic and/or organic linkers. Therefore, we present here for the first time an exhaustive compilation of all systems in which the interaction between the coordination compounds and the vapour analytes leads to a colour change due to a spin transition in the metal centre at room temperature.
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6
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Reimann M, Kaupp M. Spin-State Splittings in 3d Transition-Metal Complexes Revisited: Benchmarking Approximate Methods for Adiabatic Spin-State Energy Differences in Fe(II) Complexes. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:7442-7456. [PMID: 36417564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The CASPT2+δMRCI composite approach reported in a companion paper has been extended and used to provide high-quality reference data for a series of adiabatic spin gaps (defined as ΔE = Equintet - Esinglet) of [FeIIL6]2+ complexes (L = CNH, CO, NCH, NH3, H2O), either at nonrelativistic level or including scalar relativistic effects. These highly accurate data have been used to evaluate the performance of various more approximate methods. Coupled-cluster theory with singles, doubles, and perturbative triples, CCSD(T), is found to agree well with the new reference data for Werner-type complexes but exhibits larger underestimates by up to 70 kJ/mol for the π-acceptor ligands, due to appreciable static correlation in the low-spin states of these systems. Widely used domain-based local CCSD(T) calculations, DLPNO-CCSD(T), are shown to depend very sensitively on the cutoff values used to construct the localized domains, and standard values are not sufficient. A large number of density functional approximations have been evaluated against the new reference data. The B2PLYP double hybrid gives the smallest deviations, but several functionals from different rungs of the usual ladder hierarchy give mean absolute deviations below 20 kJ/mol. This includes the B97-D semilocal functional, the PBE0* global hybrid with 15% exact-exchange admixture, as well as the local hybrids LH07s-SVWN and LH07t-SVWN. Several further functionals achieve mean absolute errors below 30 kJ/mol (M06L-D4, SSB-D, B97-1-D4, LC-ωPBE-D4, LH12ct-SsirPW92-D4, LH12ct-SsifPW92-D4, LH14t-calPBE-D4, LHJ-HFcal-D4, and several further double hybrids) and thereby also still overall outperform CCSD(T) or uncorrected CASPT2. While exact-exchange admixture is a crucial factor in favoring high-spin states, the present evaluations confirm that other aspects can be important as well. A number of the better-performing functionals underestimate the spin gaps for the π-acceptor ligands but overestimate them for L = NH3, H2O. In contrast to a previous suggestion, non-self-consistent density functional theory (DFT) computations on top of Hartree-Fock orbitals are not a promising path to produce accurate spin gaps in such complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Reimann
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie, Sekr. C7, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Kulmaczewski R, Kershaw Cook LJ, Pask CM, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. Iron(II) Complexes of 4-(Alkyldisulfanyl)-2,6-di(pyrazolyl)pyridine Derivatives. Correlation of Spin-Crossover Cooperativity with Molecular Structure Following Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Desolvation. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:1960-1971. [PMID: 35431660 PMCID: PMC9007408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The complex salts [Fe(L 1)2]X2 (1X 2 ; L 1 = 4-(isopropyldisulfanyl)-2,6-bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine; X- = BF4 -, ClO4 -) form solvated crystals from common organic solvents. Crystals of 1X 2 ·Me2CO show abrupt spin transitions near 160 K, with up to 22 K thermal hysteresis. 1X 2 ·Me2CO cocrystallizes with other, less cooperative acetone solvates, which all transform into the same solvent-free materials 1X 2 ·sf upon exposure to air, or mild heating. Conversion of 1X 2 ·Me2CO to 1X 2 ·sf proceeds in a single-crystal to single-crystal fashion. 1X 2 ·sf are not isomorphous with the acetone solvates, and exhibit abrupt spin transitions at low temperature with hysteresis loops of 30-38 K (X- = BF4 -) and 10-20 K (X- = ClO4 -), depending on the measurement method. Interestingly, the desolvation has an opposite effect on the SCO temperature and hysteresis in the two salts. The hysteretic spin transitions in 1X 2 ·Me2CO and 1X 2 ·sf do not involve a crystallographic phase change but are accompanied by a significant rearrangement of the metal coordination sphere. Other solvates 1X 2 ·MeNO2, 1X 2 ·MeCN, and 1X 2 ·H2O are mostly isomorphous with each other and show more gradual spin-crossover equilibria near room temperature. All three of these lattice types have similar unit cell dimensions and contain cations associated into chains through pairwise, intermolecular S···π interactions. Polycrystalline [Fe(L 2)2][BF4]2·MeNO2 (2[BF 4 ] 2 ·MeNO2; L 2 = 4-(methyldisulfanyl)-2,6-bis(pyrazolyl)pyridine) shows an abrupt spin transition just above room temperature, with an unsymmetrical and structured hysteresis loop, whose main features are reversible upon repeated thermal scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | | | - Christopher M. Pask
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Leeds, E. C. Stoner
Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
| | - Malcolm A. Halcrow
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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8
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Finney BA, Chowdhury SR, Kirkvold C, Vlaisavljevich B. CASPT2 molecular geometries of Fe(II) spin-crossover complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:1390-1398. [PMID: 34981806 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04885f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Using fully internally contracted (FIC)-CASPT2 analytical gradients, geometry optimizations of spin-crossover complexes are reported. This approach is tested on a series of Fe(II) complexes with different sizes, ranging from 13 to 61 atoms. A combination of active space and basis set choices are employed to investigate their role in determining reliable molecular geometries. The reported strategy demonstrates that a wave function-based level of theory can be used to optimize the geometries of metal complexes in reasonable times and enables one to treat the molecular geometry and electronic structure of the complexes using the same level of theory. For a series of smaller Fe(II) SCO complexes, strong field ligands in the LS state result in geometries with the largest differences between DFT and CASPT2; however, good agreement overall is observed between DFT and CASPT2. For the larger complexes, moderate sized basis sets yield geometries that compare well with DFT and available experimental data. We recommend using the (10e,12o) active space since convergence to a minimum structure was more efficient than with truncated active spaces despite having similar Fe-ligand bond distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Finney
- University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA.
| | - Sabyasachi Roy Chowdhury
- University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA.
| | - Clara Kirkvold
- University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA.
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- University of South Dakota, Department of Chemistry, 414 E Clark St., Vermillion SD, 57069, USA.
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9
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Steric Quenching of Mn(III) Thermal Spin Crossover: Dilution of Spin Centers in Immobilized Solutions. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry8010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Structural and magnetic properties of a new spin crossover complex [Mn(4,6-diOMe-sal2323)]+ in lattices with ClO4−, (1), NO3−, (2), BF4−, (3), CF3SO3−, (4), and Cl− (5) counterions are reported. Comparison with the magnetostructural properties of the C6, C12, C18 and C22 alkylated analogues of the ClO4− salt of [Mn(4,6-diOMe-sal2323)]+ demonstrates that alkylation effectively switches off the thermal spin crossover pathway and the amphiphilic complexes are all high spin. The spin crossover quenching in the amphiphiles is further probed by magnetic, structural and Raman spectroscopic studies of the PF6− salts of the C6, C12 and C18 complexes of a related complex [Mn(3-OMe-sal2323)]+ which confirm a preference for the high spin state in all cases. Structural analysis is used to rationalize the choice of the spin quintet form in the seven amphiphilic complexes and to highlight the non-accessibility of the smaller spin triplet form of the ion more generally in dilute environments. We suggest that lattice pressure is a requirement to stabilize the spin triplet form of Mn3+ as the low spin form is not known to exist in solution.
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10
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Birchall LT, Truccolo G, Jackson L, Shepherd HJ. Co-crystallisation as a Modular Approach to the Discovery of Spin-Crossover Materials. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3176-3186. [PMID: 35414871 PMCID: PMC8926199 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04956a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we present co-crystallisation as a strategy for materials discovery in the field of switchable spin crossover (SCO) systems. Using [Fe(3-bpp)2]·2A (where 3-bpp = 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, A = BF4- / PF6-)...
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee T Birchall
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | - Giada Truccolo
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | - Lewis Jackson
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent Canterbury UK
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11
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Craze AR, Marjo CE, Li F. A complementary characterisation technique for spin crossover materials; the application of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for future device applications. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:428-441. [PMID: 34846406 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03446d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Spin crossover (SCO) materials have long been studied for their inherent electronic switchability, which has been well investigated for potential application in electronic and switching devices. As the technologies for the fabrication of thin films and monolayers continue to develop at an exceedingly rapid pace, an emerging challenge for the SCO community has become the characterisation of spin transitions in the surface layers of a material, as well as understanding the origins of discrepancies observed between SCO in thin films and that of the bulk material. For the manufacture of such devices to become a reality, it is crucial to understand how spin crossover is affected by interactions with the substrate material and within thin films. As such, detailed analysis of the surface layers without interference from the substrate material emerged as a critical area of characterisation for future developments in SCO devices. In this regard, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) has emerged as a complementary technique for the analysis of SCO in the surface layers of a material, becoming an essential part of a multi-technique protocol that is driving advances in the field. Here we describe the complementary application of XPS to a variety of SCO materials, review major developments and provide illustrative examples of innovations made through surface analysis with XPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Craze
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Christopher E Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
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12
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Capel Berdiell I, Davies DJ, Woodworth J, Kulmaczewski R, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. Structures and Spin States of Iron(II) Complexes of Isomeric 2,6-Di(1,2,3-triazolyl)pyridine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14988-15000. [PMID: 34547208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Iron(II) complex salts of 2,6-di(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)pyridine (L1) are unexpectedly unstable in undried solvent. This is explained by the isolation of [Fe(L1)4(H2O)2][ClO4]2 and [Fe(NCS)2(L1)2(H2O)2]·L1, containing L1 bound as a monodentate ligand rather than in the expected tridentate fashion. These complexes associate into 44 grid structures through O-H···N hydrogen bonding; a solvate of a related 44 coordination framework, catena-[Cu(μ-L1)2(H2O)2][BF4]2, is also presented. The isomeric ligands 2,6-di(1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)pyridine (L2) and 2,6-di(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (L3) bind to iron(II) in a more typical tridentate fashion. Solvates of [Fe(L3)2][ClO4]2 are low-spin and diamagnetic in the solid state and in solution, while [Fe(L2)2][ClO4]2 and [Co(L3)2][BF4]2 are fully high-spin. Treatment of L3 with methyl iodide affords 2,6-di(2-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (L4) and 2-(1-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-6-(2-methyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine (L5). While salts of [Fe(L5)2]2+ are low-spin in the solid state, [Fe(L4)2][ClO4]2·H2O is high-spin, and [Fe(L4)2][ClO4]2·3MeNO2 exhibits a hysteretic spin transition to 50% completeness at T1/2 = 128 K (ΔT1/2 = 6 K). This transition proceeds via a symmetry-breaking phase transition to an unusual low-temperature phase containing three unique cation sites with high-spin, low-spin, and 1:1 mixed-spin populations. The unusual distribution of the spin states in the low-temperature phase reflects "spin-state frustration" of the mixed-spin cation site by an equal number of high-spin and low-spin nearest neighbors. Gas-phase density functional theory calculations reproduce the spin-state preferences of these and some related complexes. These highlight the interplay between the σ-basicity and π-acidity of the heterocyclic donors in this ligand type, which have opposing influences on the molecular ligand field. The Brønsted basicities of L1-L3 are very sensitive to the linkage isomerism of their triazolyl donors, which explains why their iron complex spin states show more variation than the better-known iron(II)/2,6-dipyrazolylpyridine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izar Capel Berdiell
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Daniel J Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Jack Woodworth
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, E. C. Stoner Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Malcolm A Halcrow
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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13
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Berdiell IC, Kulmaczewski R, Shahid N, Cespedes O, Halcrow MA. The number and shape of lattice solvent molecules controls spin-crossover in an isomorphous series of crystalline solvate salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6566-6569. [PMID: 34113938 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02624k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of [FeL2][BF4]2·nMeCN (L = N-(2,6-di{pyrazol-1-yl}pyrid-4-yl)acetamide; n = 1 or 2) and [FeL2][ClO4]2·MeCN are isomorphous. When n = 1 the compounds exhibit an abrupt, hysteretic spin-transition below 200 K, but when n = 2 the material remains high-spin on cooling. [FeL2]X2·EtCN (X- = BF4- or ClO4-) are isomorphous with the MeCN solvates and undergo their spin-transition at almost the same temperature. However this now occurs in two-steps via a re-entrant mixed-spin intermediate phase, which correlates with crystallographic ordering of the bent propionitrile molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izar Capel Berdiell
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. and Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, P.O. Box 1527, Heraklion GR-711 10, Greece
| | - Rafal Kulmaczewski
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Namrah Shahid
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Oscar Cespedes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, EC Stoner Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Malcolm A Halcrow
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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14
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Craze AR, Zenno H, Pfrunder MC, McMurtrie JC, Hayami S, Clegg JK, Li F. Supramolecular Modulation of Spin Crossover in an Fe(II) Dinuclear Triple Helicate. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6731-6738. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Craze
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Hikaru Zenno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michael C. Pfrunder
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - John C. McMurtrie
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
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15
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Schönfeld S, Bauer W, Thallmair S, Hörner G, Weber B. Running in the Family: Molecular Factors controlling Spin Crossover of Iron(II) Complexes with Schiff‐base like Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Schönfeld
- Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 NWI 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bauer
- Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 NWI 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Sebastian Thallmair
- Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 NWI 95440 Bayreuth Germany
- Present address: Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Ruth-Moufang-Straße 1 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Gerald Hörner
- Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 NWI 95440 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Birgit Weber
- Department of Chemistry University of Bayreuth Universitätsstraße 30 NWI 95440 Bayreuth Germany
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16
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Kühne IA, Esien K, Gavin LC, Müller-Bunz H, Felton S, Morgan GG. Modulation of Mn 3+ Spin State by Guest Molecule Inclusion. Molecules 2020; 25:E5603. [PMID: 33260579 PMCID: PMC7730159 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spin state preferences for a cationic Mn3+ chelate complex in four different crystal lattices are investigated by crystallography and SQUID magnetometry. The [MnL1]+ complex cation was prepared by complexation of Mn3+ to the Schiff base chelate formed from condensation of 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde and 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane. The cation was crystallized separately with three polyatomic counterions and in one case was found to cocrystallize with a percentage of unreacted 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde starting material. The spin state preferences of the four resultant complexes [MnL1]CF3SO3·xH2O, (1), [MnL1]PF6·xH2O, (2), [MnL1]PF6·xsal·xH2O, (2b), and [MnL1]BPh4, (3), were dependent on their ability to form strong intermolecular interactions. Complexes (1) and (2), which formed hydrogen bonds between [MnL1]+, lattice water and in one case also with counterion, showed an incomplete thermal spin crossover over the temperature range 5-300 K. In contrast, complex (3) with the BPh4-, counterion and no lattice water, was locked into the high spin state over the same temperature range, as was complex (2b), where inclusion of the 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde guest blocked the H-bonding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Kühne
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (I.A.K.); (L.C.G.); (H.M.-B.)
| | - Kane Esien
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (K.E.); (S.F.)
| | - Laurence C. Gavin
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (I.A.K.); (L.C.G.); (H.M.-B.)
| | - Helge Müller-Bunz
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (I.A.K.); (L.C.G.); (H.M.-B.)
| | - Solveig Felton
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK; (K.E.); (S.F.)
| | - Grace G. Morgan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland; (I.A.K.); (L.C.G.); (H.M.-B.)
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17
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Ovcharenko VI, Kuznetsova OV. New method for the synthesis of heterospin metal complexes with nitroxides. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Nihei M. Molecular Prussian Blue Analogues: From Bulk to Molecules and Low-dimensional Aggregates. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nihei
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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19
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Hagiwara H, Minoura R, Udagawa T, Mibu K, Okabayashi J. Alternative Route Triggering Multistep Spin Crossover with Hysteresis in an Iron(II) Family Mediated by Flexible Anion Ordering. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9866-9880. [PMID: 32589413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multistep spin crossover (SCO) compounds have attracted much attention, since they can be great candidates for high-density multinary memory devices. The introduction of substituents, such as methyl (Me), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and methoxy (MeO) groups, at para positions to the phenyl-substituted tripodal N6 ligand-coordinated SCO FeII material, [FeLPh](NTf2)2 [where LPh = tris(2-{[(1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methylidene]amino}ethyl)amine and NTf2 = bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide], affords a new family of solvent-free FeII complexes: [FeL4-R-Ph](NTf2)2 {where L4-R-Ph = tris[2-({[1-(4-R-phenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methylidene}amino)ethyl]amine, where R = Me (1), Cl (2), Br (3), and MeO (4)}. 1 shows temperature invariant high-spin (HS) state, whereas the others show spin transitions with different characteristics, such as half-SCO (4), two-step SCO (3), and unusual three-step SCO with hysteresis (2). Mössbauer and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopic studies of them support the magnetic susceptibilities results. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the electronic effect of different substituents on magnetic properties is negligible in this FeII family. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that 1-4 has a similar packing arrangement with three-dimensional supramolecular network via intermolecular π-π and CH···π interactions between complex cations, and CH···X (X = O, N, and F) hydrogen bonding interactions between cations and inherently frustrated NTf2 anions. Variable-temperature structural studies unveil a variety of stepped SCO behaviors of 2-4 and deactivation of SCO in 1 are governed by the regulation of ordering of NTf2 counteranions through the subtle modification of terminal substituents of complex cations. Quantitative light-induced excited spin-state trapping (LIESST) effect was observed for 2-4 via green light irradiation (532 nm) at 10 K. This study opens up a new way for systematic control of magnetic response from no SCO to half-, two-step, and finally three-step SCO with hysteresis by precise tuning of the ordering of flexible NTf2 anions included in the supramolecular network with potentially SCO-active complex cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hagiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ryo Minoura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Taro Udagawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ko Mibu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Jun Okabayashi
- Research Center for Spectrochemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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20
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Craze AR, Bhadbhade MM, Komatsumaru Y, Marjo CE, Hayami S, Li F. A Rare Example of a Complete, Incomplete, and Non-Occurring Spin Transition in a [Fe2L3]X4 Series Driven by a Combination of Solvent-and Halide-Anion-Mediated Steric Factors. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:1274-1283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R. Craze
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Mohan M. Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yuki Komatsumaru
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku 860-8555, Japan
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku 860-8555, Japan
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
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21
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Vela S, Fumanal M, Cirera J, Ribas-Arino J. Thermal spin crossover in Fe(ii) and Fe(iii). Accurate spin state energetics at the solid state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:4938-4945. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00162g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Parametrization of PBE+U under the D3 and D3-BJ dispersion corrections to study FeII and FeIII-based Spin Crossover complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- EPFL
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Maria Fumanal
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique
- UMR 7111
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Jordi Cirera
- Departament de Química Inorganica i Orgànica and IQTCUB
- Universitat de Barcelona
- Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Jordi Ribas-Arino
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and IQTCUB
- Universitat de Barcelona
- Barcelona
- Spain
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22
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Senthil Kumar K, Vela S, Heinrich B, Suryadevara N, Karmazin L, Bailly C, Ruben M. Bi-stable spin-crossover in charge-neutral [Fe(R-ptp) 2] (ptp = 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 49:1022-1031. [PMID: 31859300 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bi-stable charge-neutral iron(ii) spin-crossover (SCO) complexes are a class of switchable molecular materials proposed for molecule-based switching and memory applications. In this study, we report on the SCO behavior of a series of iron(ii) complexes composed of rationally designed 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine (ptp) ligands. The powder forms of [Fe2+(R-ptp-)2]0 complexes tethered with less-bulky substituents-R = H (1), R = CH2OH (2), and R = COOCH3 (3; previously reported)-at the 4-position of the pyridine ring of the ptp skeleton showed abrupt and hysteretic SCO at or above room temperature (RT), whereas complex 5 featuring a bulky pyrene substituent showed incomplete and gradual SCO behavior. The role of intermolecular interactions, lattice solvent, and electronic nature of the chemical substituents (R) in tuning the SCO of the complexes is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23, rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
| | - Sergi Vela
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23, rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
| | - Nithin Suryadevara
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie Le Bel, FR2010 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP 296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie Le Bel, FR2010 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, BP 296/R8, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 23, rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France. and Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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23
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Barker A, Kelly CT, Kühne IA, Hill S, Krzystek J, Wix P, Esien K, Felton S, Müller-Bunz H, Morgan GG. Spin state solvomorphism in a series of rare S = 1 manganese(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15560-15566. [PMID: 31342029 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02476j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Structural, magnetic and spectroscopic data of four complex salts, [Mn(napsal2323)]NTf2, 1,[Mn(napsal2323)]ClO4, 2, [Mn(napsal2323)]BF4, 3 and [Mn(napsal2323)]NO3, 4, of the [Mn(napsal2323)]+ complex cation indicate that the Mn3+ ion is stabilized in the rare S = 1 spin triplet form in this ligand sphere. Zero-field splitting values of D = +19.6 cm-1 and |E| = 2.02 cm-1 for complex 1 were obtained by High Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (HFEPR) measurements conducted over a range of frequencies. Structural and magnetic data also indicate that co-crystallization of complexes 2 and 3 with 0.5 equivalents of ethanol yields the high spin S = 2 forms of the perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate solvates [Mn(napsal2323)]ClO4·0.5(C2H5OH), 2·0.5EtOH and [Mn(napsal2323)]BF4·0.5(C2H5OH), 3·0.5EtOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Barker
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Conor T Kelly
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Irina A Kühne
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Stephen Hill
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA and Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - J Krzystek
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Paul Wix
- School of Chemistry & CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kane Esien
- Centre for Nanostructured Media (CNM), School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Solveig Felton
- Centre for Nanostructured Media (CNM), School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
| | - Helge Müller-Bunz
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Grace G Morgan
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Vicente AI, Wu X, Ortin Y, Ferreira LP, Carvalho MDD, Realista S, Barker A, Morgan GG, Galamba N, Costa PJ, Calhorda MJ, Martinho PN. Directing self-assembly in solution towards improved cooperativity in Fe(iii) complexes with amphiphilic tridentate ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4239-4247. [PMID: 30843914 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00032a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic iron(iii) complex with a tridentate Schiff-base ligand was prepared by condensation of a hexadecyloxy functionalised salycylaldehyde with a diamine followed by complexation with FeCl2 and anion methathesis with NaClO4. The complex shows spin crossover both in the solid state and solution. However in solution self-assembly and consequently aggregation of individual molecules form concentration dependent particles with sizes of 300 nm for higher concentrations, or 5 nm for lower concentrations. Aggregate formation was confirmed by NANO-flex 180° DLS Size, scan-rate dependent cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular simulations were used to investigate the self-assembly of the complex in solution, including the role of residual water molecules. The simulations showed the self-assembly of reverse micelle-like structures when a small water cluster is inserted in solution, whereas no large aggregates formed in dehydrated environments. The perchlorate anions were found near the metal centres, stabilizing the aggregates around the water pool. Simulations of pre-assembled structures further showed the lack of stability of large aggregates in the absence of water. The larger aggregates promoted efficient communication between the iron(iii) centres and the compound displayed spin crossover in solution at around 220 K with a 10 K hysteresis window, as measured by NMR and SQUID magnetometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Vicente
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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25
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Książek M, Weselski M, Ilczyszyn M, Kusz J, Bronisz R. Sliding Polymeric Layers and Anion Displacement Coupled with Spin Crossover in Two-Dimensional Networks of [Fe(hbtz) 2 (CH 3 CN) 2 ](BF 4 ) 2. Chemistry 2019; 25:2250-2261. [PMID: 30637819 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The abrupt high spin (HS)→low spin (LS) transition (T↓ 1/2 =136 K) in [Fe(hbtz)2 (CH3 CN)2 ](BF4 )2 (hbtz=1,6-di(tetrazol-2-yl)hexane) is finished at 100 K and further thermal treatment influences the spin crossover. Subsequent heating involves a change of the spin state in the same way (T↑ 1/2 =136 K) on cooling. In contrast, cooling below 100 K triggers different behavior and T↑ 1/2 is shifted to 170 K. The extraordinary structural changes that occurred below 100 K are responsible for the observed diversity of properties. A unique feature of the low-temperature phase is the rebuilding of the anion network expressed by a shift of anions inside the polymeric layer at a distance of 1.2 Å as well as the relative shift of neighboring layers at over 4 Å. These structural alterations, connected with a phase transition, become the origin of the strain, which in most cases causes crystal cleaving. In a sample composed from crystals crushed as a result of the phase transition or as a result of mechanical crumbling, the hysteresis loop vanishes; however, annealing the sample allows to its partial restoration. A replacement of acetonitrile by other nitriles leads to preservation of the polymeric structure and spin crossover, but no phase transition follows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Książek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Weselski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maria Ilczyszyn
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joachim Kusz
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Robert Bronisz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Vela S, Paulsen H. Deciphering crystal packing effects in the spin crossover of six [FeII(2-pic)3]Cl2 solvatomorphs. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1237-1245. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Six isostructural solvatomorphs of the same Fe(ii) complex have been reported to display completely different SCO transitions due to tiny differences in their crystal environments. In this paper, we unravel the reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique
- UMR 7111
- CNRS-Université de Strasbourg
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Hauke Paulsen
- Institut für Physik
- Universität zu Lübeck
- D-23562 Lübeck
- Germany
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27
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Shen FX, Pi Q, Shi L, Shao D, Li HQ, Sun YC, Wang XY. Spin crossover in hydrogen-bonded frameworks of FeII complexes with organodisulfonate anions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8815-8825. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01326a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Four spin crossover FeII complexes of hydrogen-bonded frameworks were constructed from the charge-assisted hydrogen bonds between the FeII complexes and organodisulfonate anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Qian Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Le Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Dong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Hong-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Yu-Chen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
| | - Xin-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing
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28
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Galadzhun I, Capel Berdiell I, Shahid N, Halcrow MA. An iron( ii) coordination polymer of a triazolyl tris-heterocycle showing a spin state conversion triggered by loss of lattice solvent. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01496a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solvated crystals of “[FeL2][BF4]2·H2O” (L = 2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-6-(pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine) contain a 1D coordination polymer [Fe(μ-L)2{Fe(OH2)2L2}][BF4]4, with κ1:κ3,μ-L coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Namrah Shahid
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds LS2 9JT
- UK
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29
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Yang FL, Chen X, Wu WH, Zhang JH, Zhao XM, Shi YH, Shen F. Spin switching in tris(8-aminoquinoline)iron(ii)(BPh 4) 2: quantitative guest-losing dependent spin crossover properties and single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation. Dalton Trans 2018; 48:231-241. [PMID: 30516211 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a derivative of 2-picolylamine, which contains rich protons favouring hydrogen bond formation to assemble a variety of valuable spin crossover (SCO) compounds, 8-aminoquinoline (aqin) will be a good candidate for constructing new mononuclear bistable state compounds. With the guidance of this view, two solvated compounds [Fe(aqin)3](BPh4)2·2(CH3CN) (1·2CH3CN) and [Fe(aqin)3](BPh4)2·1.5(CH3COCH3) (2·1.5CH3COCH3) were synthesized. The structural characterization and magnetic studies demonstrate that this strategy has been successful. Single-crystal diffraction reveals that both the mononuclear compounds have facial (fac-)-configuration cations, which form hydrogen bonds using -NH2 groups with solvent molecules (acetonitrile or acetone). Subsequent magnetic measurement shows the highly sensitive solvent-dependent occurrence of a spin transition above room temperature for both compounds. Interestingly, for compound 1·2CH3CN, in the successively repeated heating and cooling process, by monitoring the loss of solvent molecules by TGA, the shifting of the spin transition curve is found to be linearly dependent on the fraction of the residual solvent content. Additionally, the desolvated sample can re-solvate with CH3CN and recover the magnetic response reproducibly. Furthermore, after losing the acetonitrile molecules, the single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation occurred to give 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Material Science and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
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30
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Clements JE, Airey PR, Ragon F, Shang V, Kepert CJ, Neville SM. Guest-Adaptable Spin Crossover Properties in a Dinuclear Species Underpinned by Supramolecular Interactions. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14930-14938. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John E. Clements
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Peter R. Airey
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Florence Ragon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Vivian Shang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Cameron J. Kepert
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Suzanne M. Neville
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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32
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Solvent Effects on the Spin-Transition in a Series of Fe(II) Dinuclear Triple Helicate Compounds. CRYSTALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst8100376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work explores the effect of lattice solvent on the observed solid-state spin-transition of a previously reported dinuclear Fe(II) triple helicate series 1–3 of the general form [FeII2L3](BF4)4(CH3CN)n, where L is the Schiff base condensation product of imidazole-4-carbaldehyde with 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane (L1), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfide (L2) and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (L3) respectively, and 1 is the complex when L = L1, 2 when L = L2 and 3 when L = L3 (Craze, A.R.; Sciortino, N.F.; Bhadbhade, M.M.; Kepert, C.J.; Marjo, C.E.; Li, F. Investigation of the Spin Crossover Properties of Three Dinuclear Fe(II) Triple Helicates by Variation of the Steric Nature of the Ligand Type. Inorganics. 2017, 5 (4), 62). Desolvation of 1 and 2 during measurement resulted not only in a decrease in T1/2 and completeness of spin-crossover (SCO) but also a change in the number of steps in the spin-profile. Compounds 1 and 2 were observed to change from a two-step 70% complete transition when fully solvated, to a single-step half complete transition upon desolvation. The average T1/2 value of the two-steps in the solvated materials was equivalent to the single T1/2 of the desolvated sample. Upon solvent loss, the magnetic profile of 3 experienced a transformation from a gradual SCO or weak antiferromagnetic interaction to a single half-complete spin-transition. Variable temperature single-crystal structures are presented and the effects of solvent molecules are also explored crystallographically and via a Hirshfeld surface analysis. The spin-transition profiles of 1–3 may provide further insight into previous discrepancies in dinuclear triple helicate SCO research reported by the laboratories of Hannon and Gütlich on analogous systems (Tuna, F.; Lees, M. R.; Clarkson, G. J.; Hannon, M. J. Readily Prepared Metallo-Supramolecular Triple Helicates Designed to Exhibit Spin-Crossover Behaviour. Chem. Eur. J. 2004, 10, 5737–5750 and Garcia, Y.; Grunert, C. M.; Reiman, S.; van Campenhoudt, O.; Gütlich, P. The Two-Step Spin Conversion in a Supramolecular Triple Helicate Dinuclear Iron(II) Complex Studied by Mössbauer Spectroscopy. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 3333–3339).
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33
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Vela S, Paulsen H. Cooperativity in Spin Crossover Systems. An Atomistic Perspective on the Devil's Staircase. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9478-9488. [PMID: 30040398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cooperativity is key in defining the shape (i.e., gradual, abrupt, or hysteretic) of thermally driven spin transitions in magnetic switches. Despite its importance, there is very little information on its atomistic origin, which hinders the rational design of materials displaying a bistability region (i.e., hysteresis). In this paper, we investigate the spin transition of two solvatomorphs of [Fe(2-pic)3]Cl2, an Fe(II)-complex displaying thermal spin crossover (SCO) from a low-spin (LS) to a high-spin (HS) state with either gradual or abrupt two-step character. To do it, we apply a novel computational protocol to study the cooperativity of SCO compounds from DFT calculations, which does not rely on a priori assumptions on the studied system. The distinct shape of the spin transition is successfully captured, and the atomistic origin of cooperativity is traced back to geometrical distortions of the Fe-N6 core in case of the solvatomorph exhibiting an abrupt transition. According to our calculations, HS and LS molecules contribute differently to cooperativity, which results in a complex energetic evolution of the spin transition that cannot be described by the common Slichter-Drickamer model. The present work opens new avenues for the study of cooperativity of SCO systems having a chemically oriented perspective and demonstrates that quantum chemistry calculations can discriminate the shape of a spin transition, while providing insight into the atomistic underlying factors that contribute to its cooperative behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vela
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, UMR 7111 , CNRS-Université de Strasbourg , 4 rue Blaise Pascal , F-67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Hauke Paulsen
- Institut für Physik , Universität zu Lübeck , Ratzeburger Allee 160 , D-23562 Lübeck , Germany
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34
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Bernhardt PV, Bilyj JK, Brosius V, Chernyshov D, Deeth RJ, Foscato M, Jensen VR, Mertes N, Riley MJ, Törnroos KW. Spin Crossover in a Hexaamineiron(II) Complex: Experimental Confirmation of a Computational Prediction. Chemistry 2018; 24:5082-5085. [PMID: 29315883 PMCID: PMC5988046 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Single crystal structural analysis of [FeII (tame)2 ]Cl2 ⋅MeOH (tame=1,1,1-tris(aminomethyl)ethane) as a function of temperature reveals a smooth crossover between a high temperature high-spin octahedral d6 state and a low temperature low-spin ground state without change of the symmetry of the crystal structure. The temperature at which the high and low spin states are present in equal proportions is T1/2 =140 K. Single crystal, variable-temperature optical spectroscopy of [FeII (tame)2 ]Cl2 ⋅MeOH is consistent with this change in electronic ground state. These experimental results confirm the spin activity predicted for [FeII (tame)2 ]2+ during its de novo artificial evolution design as a spin-crossover complex [Chem. Inf. MODEL 2015, 55, 1844], offering the first experimental validation of a functional transition-metal complex predicted by such in silico molecular design methods. Additional quantum chemical calculations offer, together with the crystal structure analysis, insight into the role of spin-passive structural components. A thermodynamic analysis based on an Ising-like mean field model (Slichter-Drickammer approximation) provides estimates of the enthalpy, entropy and cooperativity of the crossover between the high and low spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V. Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
| | - Jessica K. Bilyj
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
| | - Victor Brosius
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
| | - Dmitry Chernyshov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility71 Avenue des MartyrsGrenoble38000France
| | - Robert J. Deeth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of WarwickCoventryCV4 7ALUK
- Present address: Department of ChemistryUniversity of Bath, Claverton DownBathBA2 7AYUK
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BergenAllégaten 415007BergenNorway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BergenAllégaten 415007BergenNorway
| | - Nicole Mertes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
| | - Mark J. Riley
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BergenAllégaten 415007BergenNorway
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35
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Petzold H, Djomgoue P, Hörner G, Lochenie C, Weber B, Rüffer T. Bis-meridional Fe2+ spincrossover complexes of phenyl and pyridyl substituted 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthrolines. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:491-506. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fe2+ spincrossover complexes [Fe(L)2]2+ (L = substituted (pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline) were prepared and SCO with changing coordination numbers was identified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and in silico modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holm Petzold
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | - Paul Djomgoue
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
| | | | - Charles Lochenie
- Anorganische Chemie II
- Universität Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaires (ISIS)
| | - Birgit Weber
- Anorganische Chemie II
- Universität Bayreuth
- 95440 Bayreuth
- Germany
| | - Tobias Rüffer
- TU Chemnitz
- Institut für Chemie
- Anorganische Chemie
- 09111 Chemnitz
- Germany
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36
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Polymorphs of spin-crossover iron(II) complex fac -[Fe II (HL n -Pr ) 3 ]Cl·PF 6 (HL n -Pr = 2-methylimidazol-4-yl-methylideneamino- n -propyl): Assembly structures and scan rate dependent spin-crossover properties with thermal hysteresis. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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37
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Zhang X, Costa PS, Hooper J, Miller DP, N'Diaye AT, Beniwal S, Jiang X, Yin Y, Rosa P, Routaboul L, Gonidec M, Poggini L, Braunstein P, Doudin B, Xu X, Enders A, Zurek E, Dowben PA. Locking and Unlocking the Molecular Spin Crossover Transition. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702257. [PMID: 28846811 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Fe(II) spin crossover complex [Fe{H2 B(pz)2 }2 (bipy)] (pz = pyrazol-1-yl, bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine) can be locked in a largely low-spin-state configuration over a temperature range that includes temperatures well above the thermal spin crossover temperature of 160 K. This locking of the spin state is achieved for nanometer thin films of this complex in two distinct ways: through substrate interactions with dielectric substrates such as SiO2 and Al2 O3 , or in powder samples by mixing with the strongly dipolar zwitterionic p-benzoquinonemonoimine C6 H2 (-⋯ NH2 )2 (-⋯ O)2 . Remarkably, it is found in both cases that incident X-ray fluences then restore the [Fe{H2 B(pz)2 }2 (bipy)] moiety to an electronic state characteristic of the high spin state at temperatures of 200 K to above room temperature; that is, well above the spin crossover transition temperature for the pristine powder, and well above the temperatures characteristic of light- or X-ray-induced excited-spin-state trapping. Heating slightly above room temperature allows the initial locked state to be restored. These findings, supported by theory, show how the spin crossover transition can be manipulated reversibly around room temperature by appropriate design of the electrostatic and chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Paulo S Costa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - James Hooper
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, 30-060, Poland
| | - Daniel P Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260-3000, USA
| | - Alpha T N'Diaye
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sumit Beniwal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Xuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Yuewei Yin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Patrick Rosa
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Lucie Routaboul
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mathieu Gonidec
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Lorenzo Poggini
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Doudin
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPCMS UMR 7504, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Xiaoshan Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
| | - Axel Enders
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260-3000, USA
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588-0299, USA
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38
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Structural Dynamics of Spin Crossover in Iron(II) Complexes with Extended-Tripod Ligands. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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39
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Control of Spin-Crossover Phenomena in One-Dimensional Triazole-Coordinated Iron(II) Complexes by Means of Functional Counter Ions. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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40
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Fumanal M, Jiménez-Grávalos F, Ribas-Arino J, Vela S. Lattice-Solvent Effects in the Spin-Crossover of an Fe(II)-Based Material. The Key Role of Intermolecular Interactions between Solvent Molecules. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4475-4484. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fumanal
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal BP 296/R8, F-67007 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fernando Jiménez-Grávalos
- Departament de Química Física and IQTCUB, Facultat
de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ribas-Arino
- Departament de Química Física and IQTCUB, Facultat
de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Vela
- Laboratoire de Chimie
Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal BP 296/R8, F-67007 Strasbourg, France
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41
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Murphy MJ, Zenere KA, Ragon F, Southon PD, Kepert CJ, Neville SM. Guest Programmable Multistep Spin Crossover in a Porous 2-D Hofmann-Type Material. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1330-1335. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Katrina A. Zenere
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Florence Ragon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Peter D. Southon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Cameron J. Kepert
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Suzanne M. Neville
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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42
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Rat S, Ridier K, Vendier L, Molnár G, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Solvatomorphism and structural-spin crossover property relationship in bis[hydrotris(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)borate]iron(ii). CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00741h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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43
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Kulmaczewski R, Trzop E, Kershaw Cook LJ, Collet E, Chastanet G, Halcrow MA. The role of symmetry breaking in the structural trapping of light-induced excited spin states. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:13268-13271. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07990g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six isostructural compounds show differing agreement with the correlation T(LIESST) = T0 − 0.3T1/2 (red line; LIESST = Light-Induced Excited Spin-State Trapping). This reflects crystallographic symmetry breaking under LIESST conditions, exhibited by one of the compounds but not by two others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elzbieta Trzop
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- Université de Rennes 1
- UMR UR1-CNRS 6251
- F-35000 Rennes
- France
| | | | - Eric Collet
- Institut de Physique de Rennes
- Université de Rennes 1
- UMR UR1-CNRS 6251
- F-35000 Rennes
- France
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44
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Nihei M, Yanai Y, Hsu IJ, Sekine Y, Oshio H. A Hydrogen-Bonded Cyanide-Bridged [Co2
Fe2
] Square Complex Exhibiting a Three-Step Spin Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nihei
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
- JST, PRESTO; Honcho 4-1-8 Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Yuta Yanai
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - I.-Jui Hsu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering; National Taipei University of Technology; Taipei 106008 Taiwan
| | - Yoshihiro Sekine
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hiroki Oshio
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
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45
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Nihei M, Yanai Y, Hsu IJ, Sekine Y, Oshio H. A Hydrogen-Bonded Cyanide-Bridged [Co2
Fe2
] Square Complex Exhibiting a Three-Step Spin Transition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:591-594. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nihei
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
- JST, PRESTO; Honcho 4-1-8 Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Yuta Yanai
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - I.-Jui Hsu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering; National Taipei University of Technology; Taipei 106008 Taiwan
| | - Yoshihiro Sekine
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hiroki Oshio
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Tennodai 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
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46
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Miller RG, Brooker S. Reversible quantitative guest sensing via spin crossover of an iron(ii) triazole. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2501-2505. [PMID: 28660019 PMCID: PMC5477032 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04583e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new phenyl-triazole-pyrazine ligand, 4-p-tolyl-3-(phenyl)-5-(2-pyrazinyl)-1,2,4-triazole (tolpzph), was prepared in order to enforce pyrazine coordination of the iron(ii) centre in the resulting complex, [FeII(tolpzph)2(NCS)2]·THF (1·THF). Structure determinations carried out on this discrete mononuclear complex, 1·THF, at 273 K (mostly high spin) and 100 K (mostly low spin) demonstrate this was successful, and that spin crossover (SCO) occurred on cooling. Subsequent magnetic measurements on 1·THF revealed that it shows highly sensitive and reversible solvent-dependent SCO, with T1/2(1·THF) = 255 K vs. T1/2(1) = 212 K (with SCO of 1 more abrupt and occurring with a 4 K hysteresis loop), a drop of 43 K due to THF loss. This is reversible over at least 10 cycles of re-solvating with THF followed by re-drying, so 1 ↔ 1·THF can be considered an 'on-off' THF sensor, monitored by the T1/2 reversibly shifting (by 43 K). Furthermore, quantitative sensing of the fractional amount of THF present in 1·nTHF, 0 ≤ n ≤ 1, is demonstrated. Monitoring the T1/2 and using TGA to quantify n(THF) revealed a linear dependence (25 data points; Pearson r2 = 0.93): T1/2 = 41.1n(THF) + 219. Finally, 1 is also shown to take up CHCl3 [T1/2(1·CHCl3) = 248 K], with a logarithmic T1/2 dependence on the fractional amount of CHCl3 present (10 data points; Pearson r2 = 0.98): T1/2 = 27.0 log10[n(CHCl3)] + 243. This study is a proof of principle that a (multi-use) quantitative sensor material based on spin crossover is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece G Miller
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , PO Box 56 , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand . ; ; Tel: +64 3 4797919
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology , University of Otago , PO Box 56 , Dunedin , 9054 New Zealand . ; ; Tel: +64 3 4797919
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47
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Li ZY, Ohtsu H, Kojima T, Dai JW, Yoshida T, Breedlove BK, Zhang WX, Iguchi H, Sato O, Kawano M, Yamashita M. Direct Observation of Ordered High-Spin-Low-Spin Intermediate States of an Iron(III) Three-Step Spin-Crossover Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Ohtsu
- Division of Advanced Materials Science; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), RIST Building 3-3390; 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang South Korea
| | - Tatsuhiro Kojima
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Jing-Wei Dai
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Takefumi Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Brian K. Breedlove
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Hiroaki Iguchi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashiku Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan
| | - Masaki Kawano
- Division of Advanced Materials Science; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), RIST Building 3-3390; 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang South Korea
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
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48
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Li ZY, Ohtsu H, Kojima T, Dai JW, Yoshida T, Breedlove BK, Zhang WX, Iguchi H, Sato O, Kawano M, Yamashita M. Direct Observation of Ordered High-Spin-Low-Spin Intermediate States of an Iron(III) Three-Step Spin-Crossover Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5184-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Ohtsu
- Division of Advanced Materials Science; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), RIST Building 3-3390; 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang South Korea
| | - Tatsuhiro Kojima
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Jing-Wei Dai
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Takefumi Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Brian K. Breedlove
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Hiroaki Iguchi
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashiku Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan
| | - Masaki Kawano
- Division of Advanced Materials Science; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), RIST Building 3-3390; 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu Pohang South Korea
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry; Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku 980-8578 Sendai Japan
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49
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Steinert M, Schneider B, Dechert S, Demeshko S, Meyer F. Spin-State Versatility in a Series of Fe4 [2 × 2] Grid Complexes: Effects of Counteranions, Lattice Solvent, and Intramolecular Cooperativity. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2363-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Steinert
- Georg-August-University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Schneider
- Georg-August-University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Georg-August-University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Georg-August-University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Georg-August-University, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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50
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Spin-Crossover Behavior of Hofmann-Type-Like Complex Fe(4,4’-bipyridine)Ni(CN)4·nH2O Depending on Guest Species. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry2010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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