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Kav B, Demé B, Gege C, Tanaka M, Schneck E, Weikl TR. Interplay of Trans- and Cis-Interactions of Glycolipids in Membrane Adhesion. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:754654. [PMID: 34869588 PMCID: PMC8641917 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.754654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids mediate stable membrane adhesion of potential biological relevance. In this article, we investigate the trans- and cis-interactions of glycolipids in molecular dynamics simulations and relate these interactions to the glycolipid-induced average separations of membranes obtained from neutron scattering experiments. We find that the cis-interactions between glycolipids in the same membrane leaflet tend to strengthen the trans-interactions between glycolipids in apposing leaflets. The trans-interactions of the glycolipids in our simulations require local membrane separations that are significantly smaller than the average membrane separations in the neutron scattering experiments, which indicates an important role of membrane shape fluctuations in glycolipid trans-binding. Simulations at the experimentally measured average membrane separations provide a molecular picture of the interplay between glycolipid attraction and steric repulsion of the fluctuating membranes probed in the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Kav
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bruno Demé
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Large Scale Structures Group, Grenoble, France
| | - Christian Gege
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Heidelberg, Germany.,Kyoto University, Institute for Advanced Study, Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Potsdam, Germany.,Technische Universität Darmstadt, Physics Department, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas R Weikl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Potsdam, Germany
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2
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Chun J, Sun J, Deng W. Synthesis of new ceramide analogues with allene in the sphingoid backbone. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1795198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Chun
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Weihui Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
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3
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Kav B, Grafmüller A, Schneck E, Weikl TR. Weak carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions in membrane adhesion are fuzzy and generic. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:17342-17353. [PMID: 32789381 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03696j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates such as the trisaccharide motif LeX are key constituents of cell surfaces. Despite intense research, the interactions between carbohydrates of apposing cells or membranes are not well understood. In this article, we investigate carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions in membrane adhesion as well as in solution with extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations that exceed the simulation times of previous studies by orders of magnitude. For LeX, we obtain association constants of soluble carbohydrates, adhesion energies of lipid-anchored carbohydrates, and maximally sustained forces of carbohydrate complexes in membrane adhesion that are in good agreement with experimental results in the literature. Our simulations thus appear to provide a realistic, detailed picture of LeX-LeX interactions in solution and during membrane adhesion. In this picture, the LeX-LeX interactions are fuzzy, i.e. LeX pairs interact in a large variety of short-lived, bound conformations. For the synthetic tetrasaccharide Lac 2, which is composed of two lactose units, we observe similarly fuzzy interactions and obtain association constants of both soluble and lipid-anchored variants that are comparable to the corresponding association constants of LeX. The fuzzy, weak carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions quantified in our simulations thus appear to be a generic feature of small, neutral carbohydrates such as LeX and Lac 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Kav
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Andrea Grafmüller
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany and Technische Universität Darmstadt, Physics Department, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas R Weikl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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Theis T, Johal AS, Kabat M, Basak S, Schachner M. Enhanced Neuronal Survival and Neurite Outgrowth Triggered by Novel Small Organic Compounds Mimicking the LewisX Glycan. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8203-8215. [PMID: 29520715 PMCID: PMC6314473 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation fine-tunes signal transduction of adhesion molecules during neural development and supports synaptic plasticity and repair after injury in the adult nervous system. One abundantly expressed neural glycan is LewisX (LeX). Although it is known that its expression starts at the formation of the neural tube during the second embryonic week in the mouse and peaks during the first postnatal week, its functional relevance is only rudimentarily understood. To gain better insights into the functions of this glycan, we identified small organic compounds that mimic structurally and functionally this glycan glycosidically linked to several neural adhesion molecules. Mimetic compounds were identified by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the LeX-specific monoclonal antibodies L5 and SSEA-1 for screening a library of small organic molecules. In this assay, antibody binding to substrate-coated LeX glycomimetic peptide is measured in the presence of compounds, allowing identification of molecules that inhibit antibody binding and thereby mimic LeX. Gossypol, orlistat, ursolic acid, folic acid, and tosufloxacin inhibited antibody binding in a concentration-dependent manner. With the aim to functionally characterize the molecular consequences of the compounds' actions, we here present evidence that, at nM concentrations, the mimetic compounds enhance neurite outgrowth and promote neuronal survival of cultured mouse cerebellar granule cells via, notably, distinct signal transduction pathways. These findings raise hopes that these LeX mimetics will be powerful tools for further studying the functions of LeX and its effects in acute and chronic nervous system disease models. It is worth mentioning in this context that the LeX compounds investigated in the present study have been clinically approved for different therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Theis
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Anmol Singh Johal
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Maciej Kabat
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
| | - Sayantani Basak
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA
- Developmental Sciences-Safety Assessment, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080-4990, USA
| | - Melitta Schachner
- Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience and Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08554, USA.
- Center for Neuroscience, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin Ling Road, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
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5
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Yan G, Yamaguchi T, Suzuki T, Yanaka S, Sato S, Fujita M, Kato K. Hyper-Assembly of Self-Assembled Glycoclusters Mediated by Specific Carbohydrate-Carbohydrate Interactions. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:968-972. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gengwei Yan
- School of Physical Science; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- School of Materials Science; Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 1-1 Asahidai Nomi 923-1292 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya City University; 3-1 Tanabe-dori Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Takumi Yamaguchi
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- School of Materials Science; Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 1-1 Asahidai Nomi 923-1292 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya City University; 3-1 Tanabe-dori Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suzuki
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya City University; 3-1 Tanabe-dori Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Saeko Yanaka
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya City University; 3-1 Tanabe-dori Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
| | - Sota Sato
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research; Tohoku University; 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- JST; ERATO; Isobe Degenerate π-Integration Project; 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
- School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Makoto Fujita
- School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- School of Physical Science; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies); 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- Institute for Molecular Science and Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience; National Institutes of Natural Sciences; 5-1 Higashiyama Myodaiji Okazaki 444-8787 Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Nagoya City University; 3-1 Tanabe-dori Mizuho-ku Nagoya 467-8603 Japan
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Handa K, Hakomori SI. Changes of glycoconjugate expression profiles during early development. Glycoconj J 2016; 34:693-699. [PMID: 27318475 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9684-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A variety of glycoconjugates, including glycosphingolipids (GSLs), expressed in mammalian tissues and cells were isolated and characterized in early biochemical studies. Later studies of virus-transformed fibroblasts demonstrated the association of GSL expression profiles with cell phenotypes. Changes of GSL expression profile were observed during mammalian embryogenesis. Cell surface molecules expressed on embryos in a stage-specific manner appeared to play key roles in regulation of cell-cell interaction and cell sorting during early development. Many mAbs showing stage-specific reactivity with mouse embryos were shown to recognize carbohydrate epitopes. Among various stage-specific embryonic antigens (SSEAs), SSEA-1 was found to react with neolacto-series GSL Lex, while SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 reacted with globo-series Gb5 and monosialyl-Gb5, respectively. GSL expression during mouse early development was shown to shift rapidly from globo-series to neolacto/lacto-series, and then to ganglio-series. We found that multivalent Lex caused decompaction of mouse embryos, indicating a functional role of Lex epitope in the compaction process. Autoaggregation of mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) F9 cells provided a useful model of the compaction process. We showed that Lex-Lex interaction, a novel type of molecular interavction termed carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction (CCI), was involved in cell aggregation. Similar shifting of GSL expression profiles from globo-series and neolacto/lacto-series to ganglio-series was observed during differentiation of human EC cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells, reflecting the essential role of cell surface glycoconjugates in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Handa
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Sen-Itiroh Hakomori
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA.
- Departments of Pathobiology and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Andersson Trojer M, Brezesinski G. Self-assembly of lipid domains in the extracellular leaflet of the plasma membrane and models thereof. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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8
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Kunze A, Bally M, Höök F, Larson G. Equilibrium-fluctuation-analysis of single liposome binding events reveals how cholesterol and Ca2+ modulate glycosphingolipid trans-interactions. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1452. [PMID: 23486243 PMCID: PMC3596795 DOI: 10.1038/srep01452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions (CCIs) are of central importance for several biological processes. However, the ultra-weak nature of CCIs generates difficulties in studying this interaction, thus only little is known about CCIs. Here we present a highly sensitive equilibrium-fluctuation-analysis of single liposome binding events to supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) based on total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy that allows us to determine apparent kinetic rate constants of CCIs. The liposomes and SLBs both contained natural Le(x) glycosphingolipids (Galβ4(Fucα3)GlcNAcβ3Galβ4Glcβ1Cer), which were employed to mimic cell-cell contacts. The kinetic parameters of the self-interaction between Le(x)-containing liposomes and SLBs were measured and found to be modulated by bivalent cations. Even more interestingly, upon addition of cholesterol, the strength of the CCIs increases, suggesting that this interaction is strongly influenced by a cholesterol-dependent presentation and/or spatial organization of glycosphingolipids in cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Kunze
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marta Bally
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden
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9
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Handa K, Hakomori SI. Carbohydrate to carbohydrate interaction in development process and cancer progression. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:627-37. [PMID: 22610315 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two types of carbohydrate to carbohydrate interaction (CCI) have been known to be involved in biological processes. One is the CCI between molecules expressed on interfacing cell membranes of different cells to mediate cell to cell adhesion, and subsequently induce cell signaling, and is termed trans-CCI. It has been indicated that the Le(x) to Le(x) interaction at the morula stage in mouse embryos plays an important role in the compaction process in embryonic development. GM3 to Gg3 or GM3 to LacCer interaction has been suggested to be involved in adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells, which is considered a crucial step in tumor metastasis. The other is the CCI between molecules expressed within the same microdomain of the cell surface membrane, and is termed cis-CCI. The interaction between ganglioside GM3, and multi (>3) GlcNAc termini of N-linked glycans of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been indicated as the molecular mechanism for the inhibitory effect of GM3 on EGFR activation. Also, the complex with GM3 and GM2 has been shown to inhibit the activation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) receptor, cMet, through its association with tetraspanin CD82, and results in the inhibition of cell motility. Since CCI research is still limited, more examples of CCI in biological processes in development, and cancer progression will be revealed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Handa
- Pacific Northwest Research Institude, WA 98122, USA.
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10
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Zucca R, Boero M, Massobrio C, Molteni C, Cleri F. Interacting Lewis-X carbohydrates in condensed phase: a first-principles molecular dynamics study. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12599-606. [PMID: 21919496 DOI: 10.1021/jp2055816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We performed first-principles molecular dynamics calculations at finite temperature, to study the interacting conformations of Lewis-X (LeX) trisaccharides in the crystalline phase. The calculated cell parameters and detailed atomic structure of the LeX molecule compare well to the experimental data obtained by X-ray diffraction. We identify and characterize the hydrogen-bond network, responsible for the mutual interaction of the LeX pairs, whereas we find the intramolecular conformation and stability to be mainly assured by dispersion forces. The relative contributions to the crystallization energy of the hydrogen bonds and of the dispersion forces are defined and quantified. From this study, candidate configurations for the fully hydrated, in vivo structures of homotypic LeX-LeX interactions at cell surfaces can be proposed. We discuss how these configurations could also be relevant for the adhesion and self-assembly of nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Zucca
- Institut d'Electronique, Microelectronique et Nanotechnologie (Cnrs UMR 8520), Université de Lille I , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Altamore TM, Fernández-García C, Gordon AH, Hübscher T, Promsawan N, Ryadnov MG, Doig AJ, Woolfson DN, Gallagher T. Random-Coil:α-Helix Equilibria as a Reporter for the LewisX-LewisX Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:11167-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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12
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Altamore TM, Fernández-García C, Gordon AH, Hübscher T, Promsawan N, Ryadnov MG, Doig AJ, Woolfson DN, Gallagher T. Random-Coil:α-Helix Equilibria as a Reporter for the LewisX-LewisX Interaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Synthesis of 3″- and 4″-deoxy-Lewisx trisaccharides: A useful tool for study of carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction. Sci China Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-4060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Zhang Y, Dong D, Zhou T, Zhang Y. Study of carbohydrate–carbohydrate interactions: total synthesis of 6d-deoxy Lewisx pentaosyl glycosphingolipid. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Utkina N, Yoon SJ, Hakomori SI. Glycosyl conjugates of biotinylated diaminopyridine applied for study of carbohydrate-to-carbohydrate interaction. Glycoconj J 2010; 27:601-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-010-9304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Igarashi Y, Kannagi R. Glycosphingolipids as mediators of phenotypic changes associated with development and cancer progression. J Biochem 2010; 147:3-8. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvp195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Hakomori SI. Glycosynaptic microdomains controlling tumor cell phenotype through alteration of cell growth, adhesion, and motility. FEBS Lett 2009; 584:1901-6. [PMID: 19874824 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) GM3 (NeuAcalpha3Galbeta4Glcbeta1Cer) and GM2 (GalNAcbeta4[NeuAcalpha3]Galbeta4Glcbeta1Cer) inhibit (i) cell growth through inhibition of tyrosine kinase associated with growth factor receptor (GFR), (ii) cell adhesion/motility through inhibition of integrin-dependent signaling via Src kinases, or (iii) both cell growth and motility by blocking "cross-talk" between integrins and GFRs. These inhibitory effects are enhanced when GM3 or GM2 are in complex with specific tetraspanins (TSPs) (CD9, CD81, CD82). Processes (i)-(iii) occur through specific organization of GSLs with key molecules (TSPs, caveolins, GFRs, integrins) in the glycosynaptic microdomain. Some of these processes are shared with epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by TGFbeta or under hypoxia, particularly that associated with cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen-itiroh Hakomori
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98122, USA.
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18
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Zhang Y. [Study of the interactions between oligosaccharides involved in the cell adhesion. Example of the Lewis(x) trisaccharide]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2008; 66:319-24. [PMID: 19061733 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nature often chooses weak molecular interactions for playing important role in cellular recognition and adhesion. These interactions involve particularly oligosaccharides, which are the structural elements present at the most exterior surface of the cell. Three oligosaccharides were prepared for study of the interaction by vesicle micromanipulation technique. This study allowed us to measure directly, for the first time, a carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Laboratoire de chimie organique (UMR CNRS 7611), université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France.
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Luo Y, Barbault F, Gourmala C, Zhang Y, Maurel F, Hu Y, Fan BT. Cellular interaction through LewisX cluster: theoretical studies. J Mol Model 2008; 14:901-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-008-0325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2007] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Regina Todeschini A, Hakomori SI. Functional role of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides in control of cell adhesion, motility, and growth, through glycosynaptic microdomains. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2008; 1780:421-33. [PMID: 17991443 PMCID: PMC2312458 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2007] [Revised: 09/29/2007] [Accepted: 10/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
At cell surface microdomains, glycosyl epitopes, carried either by glycosphingolipids, N- or O-linked oligosaccharides, are recognized by carbohydrate-binding proteins or complementary carbohydrates. In both cases, the carbohydrate epitopes may be clustered with specific signal transducers, tetraspanins, adhesion receptors or growth factor receptors. Through this framework, carbohydrates can mediate cell signaling leading to changes in cellular phenotype. Microdomains involved in carbohydrate-dependent cell adhesion inducing cell activation, motility, and growth are termed "glycosynapse". In this review a historical synopsis of glycosphingolipids-enriched microdomains study leading to the concept of glycosynapse is presented. Examples of glycosynapse as signaling unit controlling the tumor cell phenotype are discussed in three contexts: (i) Cell-to-cell adhesion mediated by glycosphingolipids-to-glycosphingolipids interaction between interfacing glycosynaptic domains, through head-to-head (trans) carbohydrate-to-carbohydrate interaction. (ii) Functional role of GM3 complexed with tetraspanin CD9, and interaction of such complex with integrins, or with fibroblast growth factor receptor, to control tumor cell phenotype and its reversion to normal cell phenotype. (iii) Inhibition of integrin-dependent Met kinase activity by GM2/tetraspanin CD82 complex in glycosynaptic microdomain. Data present here suggest that the organizational status of glycosynapse strongly affects cellular phenotype influencing tumor cell malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriane Regina Todeschini
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Jégou A, Pincet F, Perez E, Wolf JP, Ziyyat A, Gourier C. Mapping mouse gamete interaction forces reveal several oocyte membrane regions with different mechanical and adhesive properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:1451-1458. [PMID: 18027975 DOI: 10.1021/la702258x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the interaction involved in the adhesion of mouse gametes and on the mechanical properties of the oocyte membrane. The oocyte has an asymmetrical shape, and its membrane is composed of two distinct areas. One is rich in microvilli, and the other is smoother and without microvilli. With a biomembrane force probe (BFP) adapted to cell-cell measurements, we have quantified the separation forces between a spermatozoon and an oocyte. Microvillar and amicrovillar areas of the oocyte surface have been systematically probed and compared. In addition to a substantial difference in the elastic stiffness of these two regions, the experiments have revealed the presence of two types of membrane domains with different mechanical and adhesive properties, both distributed over the entire oocyte surface (i.e., in both microvillar and amicrovillar regions). If gamete contact occurs in the first type of domain, then the oocyte membrane deforms only elastically under traction. The pull-off forces in these domains are higher in the amicrovillar region. For a spermatozoon contact with the other type of domain, there can be a transition from the elastic to viscoelastic regime, and then tethers are extruded from the oocyte membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Jégou
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris, UMR 8550 associée au CNRS et aux Universités Paris 6 et Paris 7, 24 rue Lhomond, Paris, France
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22
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Luo Y, Dong D, Barbault F, Fan B, Hu Y, Zhang Y. Total synthesis of 4d-deoxy Lewisx pentasaccharide. CR CHIM 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2007.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Tribet C, Vial F. Flexible macromolecules attached to lipid bilayers: impact on fluidity, curvature, permeability and stability of the membranes. SOFT MATTER 2007; 4:68-81. [PMID: 32907085 DOI: 10.1039/b708431p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent investigations on the association of macromolecules on lipid bilayers. Hydrophilic and flexible polymers can form soft coronae tenuously adsorbed or anchored on the lipid membrane. Other synthetic macromolecules are embedded in the apolar region of the membrane. Recent experimental and theoretical works focus on the perturbation of lipid properties achieved depending on the nature and strength of binding. Of importance to biomimicry, to tethered model membranes, and drug carriers, the effects achievable include modulation of the lateral diffusivity of lipids, shape distortions, lateral segregations, formation of well-defined nanopores and ultimately the stimuli responsive disruption of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Tribet
- Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés, CNRS UMR 7615 and Université Paris 6, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Florent Vial
- Physico-chimie des Polymères et Milieux Dispersés, CNRS UMR 7615 and Université Paris 6, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75005 Paris, France
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Elucidation of the LewisX–LewisX carbohydrate interaction with molecular dynamics simulations: A glycosynapse model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Luo Y, Gourmala C, Dong D, Barbault F, Fan B, Hu Y, Zhang Y. First synthesis of two deoxy Lewisx pentaosyl glycosphingolipids. Glycoconj J 2007; 25:335-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-007-9077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Elmer SL, Lemcoff NG, Zimmerman SC. Exploring the Reversibility of the Ring-Closing Metathesis Mediated Cross-linking of Dendrimers. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma071233e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L. Elmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
| | - Steven C. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
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Murozuka Y, Watanabe N, Hatanaka K, Hakomori SI. Lyso-GM3, its dimer, and multimer: their synthesis, and their effect on epidermal growth factor-induced receptor tyrosine kinase. Glycoconj J 2007; 24:551-63. [PMID: 17638075 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-007-9051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids, particularly gangliosides, are known to modulate growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. A well-documented example is the inhibitory effect of GM3 on kinase associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. Lyso-GM3 was detected as a minor component in A431 cells, and may function as an auxiliary factor in GM3-dependent inhibition of EGFR. We studied the inhibitory effect of chemically synthesized GM3, lyso-GM3, and its derivatives, on EGFR function, based on their interaction in membrane microdomain, with the following major findings: (1) GM3, EGFR, and caveolin coexist, but tetraspanins CD9 and CD82 are essentially absent, within the same low-density membrane fraction, separated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. (2) Strong interaction between EGFR and GM3 was indicated by increasing binding of EGFR to GM3-coated polystyrene beads, in a GM3 dose-dependent manner. Confocal microscopy results suggested that three components in the microdomain (GM3, EGFR, and caveolin) are closely associated. (3) Lyso-GM3 or lyso-GM3 dimer strongly inhibited EGFR kinase activity, in a dose-dependent manner, while lyso-GM3 trimer and tetramer did not. >50 microM lyso-GM3 was cytolytic, while >50 microM lyso-GM3 dimer was not cytolytic, yet inhibited EGFR kinase strongly. Thus, lyso-GM3 and its dimer exert an auxiliary effect on GM3-induced inhibition of EGFR kinase and cell growth, and lyso-GM3 dimer may be a good candidate for pharmacological inhibitor of epidermal tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Murozuka
- Pacific Northwest Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
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Nodet G, Poggi L, Abergel D, Gourmala C, Dong D, Zhang Y, Mallet JM, Bodenhausen G. Weak calcium-mediated interactions between Lewis X-related trisaccharides studied by NMR measurements of residual dipolar couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:9080-5. [PMID: 17608422 DOI: 10.1021/ja0711056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Lewis X (LeX) determinant, a trisaccharide with the carbohydrate sequence Galbeta(1-->4)[Fucalpha(1-->3)]GlcNAcbeta, is believed to be responsible for Ca2+-mediated cell-cell interactions. In partly oriented phases composed of mixtures of penta(ethyleneglycol)monododecyl ether HO(CH2CH2O)5C12H25 and n-hexanol in the presence of Ca2+ ions, the variation of the residual dipolar couplings 1DCH of various CiHi vectors in LeX as a function of the concentration of the trisaccharide demonstrates the existence of very weak LeX-Ca2+-LeX complexes in solution. Synthetic 3-, 4-, and 6-deoxy-LeX variants were also shown to form complexes in the presence of calcium ions, despite the replacement of one of their hydroxyl groups by hydrogen atoms. This is the first direct observation in solution of a calcium-mediated interaction between LeX molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Nodet
- Département de Chimie, associé au CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24, rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Handa K, Takatani-Nakase T, Larue L, Stemmler MP, Kemler R, Hakomori SI. Le(x) glycan mediates homotypic adhesion of embryonal cells independently from E-cadherin: a preliminary note. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 358:247-52. [PMID: 17481582 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Le(x) glycan and E-cadherin (Ecad) are co-expressed at embryonal stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. While the structure and function of Ecad mediating homotypic adhesion of these cells have been well established, evidence that Le(x) glycan also mediates such adhesion is weak, despite the fact that Le(x) oligosaccharide inhibits the compaction process. To provide stronger evidence, we knocked out Ecad gene in EC and ES cells to establish F9 Ecad (-/-) and D3M Ecad (-/-) cells, which highly express Le(x) glycan but do not express Ecad at all. Both F9 Ecad (-/-) and D3M Ecad (-/-) cells displayed strong autoaggregation in the presence of Ca(2+), while PYS-2 cells, which express trace amount of Ecad and undetectable level of Le(x) glycan, did not display autoaggregation. In addition, F9 Ecad (-/-) and D3M Ecad (-/-) cells displayed strong adhesion to plates coated with Le(x) glycosphingolipid (III(3)FucnLc4Cer), in dose-dependent manner, in the presence of Ca(2+). Thus, ES or EC cells display autoaggregation and strong adhesion to Le(x)-coated plates in the absence of Ecad, further supporting the notion of Le(x) self-recognition (i.e., Le(x)-to-Le(x) interaction) in cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Handa
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122, USA.
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Yoon SJ, Nakayama KI, Hikita T, Handa K, Hakomori SI. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase is modulated by GM3 interaction with N-linked GlcNAc termini of the receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:18987-91. [PMID: 17142315 PMCID: PMC1748164 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609281103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) at membrane microdomains plays an essential role in the growth control of epidermal cells, including cancer cells derived therefrom. Ligand-dependent activation of EGFR tyrosine kinase is known to be inhibited by ganglioside GM3, but to a much lesser degree by other glycosphingolipids. However, the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of GM3 on EGFR tyrosine kinase has been ambiguous. The mechanism is now defined by binding of N-linked glycan having multiple GlcNAc termini to GM3 through carbohydrate-to-carbohydrate interaction, based on the following data: (i) EGFR (molecular mass, approximately 170 kDa) has N-linked glycan with GlcNAc termini, as probed by mAb (J1) or lectin (GS-II); (ii) GS-II-bound EGFR also bound to anti-EGFR Ab as well as to GM3-coated beads; (iii) GM3 inhibitory effect on EGFR tyrosine kinase was abrogated in vitro by coincubation with glycan having multiple GlcNAc termini and in cell culture in situ incubated with the same glycan; and (iv) cells treated with swainsonine, which increased expression of complex-type and hybrid-type glycans with GlcNAc termini, displayed higher inhibition of EGFR kinase by GM3 than swainsonine-untreated control cells. A similar effect was observed with 1-deoxymannojirimycin, which increased hybrid-type structure in addition to major accumulation of high mannose-type glycan. These findings indicate that N-linked glycan with GlcNAc termini linked to EGFR is the target to interact with GM3, causing inhibition of EGF-induced EGFR tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Joo Yoon
- *Pacific Northwest Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122
| | - Ken-ichi Nakayama
- Institute of General Industrial Research, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan; and
| | - Toshiyuki Hikita
- *Pacific Northwest Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122
- Department of Pediatrics, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuko Handa
- *Pacific Northwest Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122
| | - Sen-itiroh Hakomori
- *Pacific Northwest Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122
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Polymere: J. M. J. Fréchet ausgezeichnet / Katalyse: H. Freund geehrt / Kohlenhydrate: Preis für P. Sinaÿ. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Polymer Chemistry: J. M. J. Fréchet awarded / Catalysis: H.-J. Freund honored / Carbohydrate Chemistry: Prize to P. Sinaÿ. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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33
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Yoon SJ, Nakayama KI, Takahashi N, Yagi H, Utkina N, Wang HY, Kato K, Sadilek M, Hakomori SI. Interaction of N-linked glycans, having multivalent GlcNAc termini, with GM3 ganglioside. Glycoconj J 2006; 23:639-49. [PMID: 17115280 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-006-9001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2006] [Revised: 04/12/2006] [Accepted: 04/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
GM3 ganglioside interacts specifically with complex-type N-linked glycans having multivalent GlcNAc termini, as shown for (1) and (2) below. (1) Oligosaccharides (OS) isolated from ConA-non-binding N-linked glycans of ovalbumin, whose structures were identified as penta-antennary complex-type with bisecting GlcNAc, having five or six GlcNAc termini (OS B1, B2), or bi-antennary complex-type having two GlcNAc termini (OS I). OS I is a structure not previously described. (2) Multi-antennary complex-type N-linked OS isolated from fetuin, treated by sialidase followed by beta-galactosidase, having three or four GlcNAc termini exposed. These OS, conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), showed clear interaction with (3)H-labeled liposomes containing GM3, when various doses of OS-PE conjugate were adhered by drying to multi-well polystyrene plates. Interaction was clearly observed only with liposomes containing GM3, but not LacCer, Gb4, or GalNAcalpha1-3Gb4 (Forssman antigen). GM3 interaction with PE conjugate of OS B1 or B2 was stronger than that with PE conjugate of OS I. GM3 interacted clearly with PE conjugate of N-linked OS from desialylated and degalactosylated fetuin, but not native fetuin. No binding was observed to cellobiose-PE conjugate, or to OS-PE conjugate lacking GlcNAc terminus. Thus, GM3, but not other GSL liposomes, interacts with various N-linked OS having multiple GlcNAc termini, in general. These findings suggest that the concept of carbohydrate-to-carbohydrate interaction can be extended to interaction of specific types of N-linked glycans with specific GSLs. Natural occurrence of such interaction to define cell biological phenomena is under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Joo Yoon
- Division of Biomembrane Research, Pacific Northwest Research Institute, and Department of Pathobiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Synthetic sulfated glucuronosyl paragloboside (SGPG) and its use for the detection of autoimmune peripheral neuropathies. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Gourmala C, Zhu Z, Luo Y, Fan BT, Ghalem S, Hu Y, Zhang Y. First synthesis of 3′-deoxy Lewisx pentasaccharide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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