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Lanzi M, Wencel-Delord J. Diaryl hypervalent bromines and chlorines: synthesis, structures and reactivities. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1557-1569. [PMID: 38303936 PMCID: PMC10829020 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of modern organic chemistry, hypervalent compounds have become indispensable tools for synthetic chemists, finding widespread applications in both academic research and industrial settings. While iodine-based reagents have historically dominated this research field, recent focus has shifted to the potent yet relatively unexplored chemistry of diaryl λ3-bromanes and -chloranes. Despite their unique reactivities, the progress in their development and application within organic synthesis has been hampered by the absence of straightforward, reliable, and widely applicable preparative methods. However, recent investigations have uncovered innovative approaches and novel reactivity patterns associated with these specialized compounds. These discoveries suggest that we have only begun to tap into their potential, implying that there is much more to be explored in this captivating area of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lanzi
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire etApplications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université deStrasbourg/Université deHaute Alsace, ECPM 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire etApplications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université deStrasbourg/Université deHaute Alsace, ECPM 67087 Strasbourg France
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, JMU Würzburg Am Hubland Würzburg Germany
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Lanzi M, Dherbassy Q, Wencel-Delord J. Cyclic Diaryl λ 3 -Bromanes as Original Aryne Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14852-14857. [PMID: 33901330 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread application of hypervalent iodines, the corresponding λ3 -bromanes are less explored. Herein we report a general, safe, and high-yielding strategy to access cyclic diaryl λ3 -bromanes. These unique compounds feature reactivity that is appealing and complementary to that of λ3 -iodanes, generating arynes under mild reaction conditions and in the presence of a weak base. Accordingly, formal meta-selective transition-metal-free C-O and C-N couplings may be achieved. Mechanistic studies unambiguously support the aryne generation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lanzi
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Quentin Dherbassy
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042), Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg, France
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Lanzi M, Dherbassy Q, Wencel‐Delord J. Cyclic Diaryl λ
3
‐Bromanes as Original Aryne Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lanzi
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042) Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace ECPM 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Quentin Dherbassy
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042) Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace ECPM 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Joanna Wencel‐Delord
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042) Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace ECPM 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
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Li D, Ma TK, Scott RJ, Wilden JD. Electrochemical radical reactions of alkyl iodides: a highly efficient, clean, green alternative to tin reagents. Chem Sci 2020; 11:5333-5338. [PMID: 34122992 PMCID: PMC8159374 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01694b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An electrochemical ‘redox-relay’ system has been developed which allows the generation of C-centered radicals. Intermolecular ‘tin-like’ radical reactions can subsequently be conducted under the most benign of conditions. The yields and efficiency of the processes are competitive and even superior in most cases to comparable conditions with tributyltin hydride. The use of air and electricity as the promotor (instead of a tin or other reagent) combined with the aqueous reaction media make this a clean and ‘green’ alternative to these classic C–C bond forming processes. A ‘green’ and high-yielding electrochemical method for performing tin-free, intermolecular radical reactions (the Giese reaction) has been developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Tsz-Kan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Reuben J Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Jonathan D Wilden
- Department of Chemistry, University College London 20 Gordon Street London WC1H 0AJ UK
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Yang D, Chen Y, Peng H, Chen G, Lin Z. An integrated experimental and theoretical study on the optical properties of uniform hairy noble metal nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22750-22757. [PMID: 30346004 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report a viable route to plasmonic nanoparticles with well-controlled sizes, shapes, and compositions. A series of monodisperse Ag and Au nanoparticles capped with polystyrene chains (i.e., "hairy" nanoparticles) are crafted by capitalizing on star-like diblock copolymers as nanoreactors. Such monodisperse nanoparticles render an accurate absorption spectrum, providing a strong basis for theoretical investigation into their optical properties. By combining the experimental study with the three-dimensional finite element calculation of electromagnetic field distributions, the contributions of both intra-band and inter-band transitions to plasmonic absorption are revealed. The calculated absorption spectra perfectly reproduce the experimental observations, including the peak positions, shapes, and trends of peak shifting or broadening as a function of nanoparticle sizes. The influences of nanoparticle dimensions and surface ligands on plasmonic absorption of metallic nanoparticles are also systematically explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- School of Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
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Reichl KD, Radosevich AT. A phosphine-mediated stereocontrolled synthesis of Z-enediynes by a vicinal dialkynylation of ethynylphosphonium salts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9302-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03415e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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8
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Kiyokawa K, Tachikake N, Yasuda M, Baba A. Direct Synthesis of Alkynylstannanes: ZnBr2Catalyst for the Reaction of Tributyltin Methoxide and Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:10393-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kiyokawa K, Tachikake N, Yasuda M, Baba A. Direct Synthesis of Alkynylstannanes: ZnBr2 Catalyst for the Reaction of Tributyltin Methoxide and Terminal Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Farooq U, Shah AUHA, Wirth T. Hypervalent bromine compounds: smaller, more reactive analogues of hypervalent iodine compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1018-20. [PMID: 19117007 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200805027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umar Farooq
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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Frohn HJ, Bailly F, Welting D, Bardin VV. A widely varying range of products in reactions of C6F5BrF2, C6F5IF2, and C6F5IF4 with Lewis acids of different strength. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito OCHIAI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Institute of Health Biosciences, Graduate School of the University of Tokushima
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Farooq U, Shah AUH, Wirth T. Hypervalente Bromverbindungen: kleine Analoga von hypervalenten Iodverbindungen oder “Enfants Terribles”? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200805027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Bichler P, Chalifoux WA, Eisler S, Shi Shun ALK, Chernick ET, Tykwinski RR. Mechanistic Aspects of Alkyne Migration in Alkylidene Carbenoid Rearrangements. Org Lett 2009; 11:519-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8023665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bichler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Wesley A. Chalifoux
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Sara Eisler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | | | - Erin T. Chernick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2 Canada
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16
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Ababei R, Li YG, Roubeau O, Kalisz M, Bréfuel N, Coulon C, Harté E, Liu X, Mathonière C, Clérac R. Bimetallic cyanido-bridged magnetic materials derived from manganese(iii) Schiff-base complexes and pentacyanidonitrosylferrate(ii) precursor. NEW J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b903399h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Lee S, Lee T, Lee Y, Kim D, Kim S. Solid-Phase Library Synthesis of Polyynes Similar to Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Lee S, Lee T, Lee YM, Kim D, Kim S. Solid-Phase Library Synthesis of Polyynes Similar to Natural Products. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8422-5. [PMID: 17893942 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shilim, Kwanak, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Smith AB, Kürti L, Davulcu AH, Cho YS, Ohmoto K. Indole Diterpene Synthetic Studies: Development of a Second-Generation Synthetic Strategy for (+)-Nodulisporic Acids A and B. J Org Chem 2007; 72:4611-20. [PMID: 17511508 DOI: 10.1021/jo062423a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A second-generation strategy for construction of (+)-nodulisporic acids A and B based on the development of a new, effective modular indole synthesis exploiting a sequential Stille cross-coupling/Buchwald-Hartwig union/cyclization tactic is disclosed. This strategy evolved due to the considerable acid instability of the C(24) hydroxyl group observed in several advanced intermediates during our first-generation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Monell Chemical Senses Center and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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Du Y, Liu R, Linn G, Zhao K. Synthesis of N-Substituted Indole Derivatives via PIFA-Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization. Org Lett 2006; 8:5919-22. [PMID: 17165894 DOI: 10.1021/ol062288o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[Structure: see text] A variety of N-arylated and N-alkylated indole derivatives were synthesized by way of a phenyliodine bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA)-mediated intramolecular cyclization. This novel method allows for the construction of an indole skeleton by joining the N-atom on the side chain to the benzene ring at the last synthetic step. Other novel pyrrole-fused aromatic compounds can also be achieved by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Du
- College of Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, Tianjin University, 300072, PRC
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22
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Bandini M, Luque R, Budarin V, Macquarrie DJ. Aryl alkynylation versus alkyne homocoupling: unprecedented selectivity switch in Cu, phosphine and solvent-free heterogeneous Pd-catalysed couplings. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Ochiai M, Tada N. Domino Michael addition-carbene rearrangement-cyclization reaction of 1-alkynyl(aryl)-λ3-bromanes with 2-mercapto-1,3-benzazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:5083-5. [PMID: 16220178 DOI: 10.1039/b509269h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of 1-alkynyl[p-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl](tetrafluoroborato)-lambda3-bromanes to 2-mercaptobenzimidazole or benzothiazole in dichloromethane at 0 degrees C under argon resulted in a domino Michael addition-carbene rearrangement-cyclization reaction to produce directly tricyclic heterocycles in high yields, whereas the reaction with 2-mercaptobenzoxazole afforded 1-alkynyl sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Ochiai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, 1-78 Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
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