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Thomson PF, Lagisetty P, Balzarini J, De Clercq E, Lakshman MK. Palladium-Catalyzed Aryl Amination Reactions of 6-Bromo- and 6-Chloropurine Nucleosides. Adv Synth Catal 2010; 352:1728-1735. [PMID: 21818182 PMCID: PMC3148652 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Palladium‐catalyzed C—N bond forming reactions of 6‐bromo‐ as well as 6‐chloropurine ribonucleosides and the 2′‐deoxy analogues with arylamines are described. Efficient conversions were observed with palladium(II) acetate/Xantphos/cesium carbonate, in toluene at 100 °C. Reactions of the bromonucleoside derivatives could be conducted at a lowered catalytic loading [5 mol% Pd(OAc)2/7.5 mol% Xantphos], whereas good product yields were obtained with a higher catalyst load [10 mol% Pd(OAc)2/15 mol% Xantphos] when the chloro analogue was employed. Among the examples evaluated, silyl protection for the hydroxy groups appears better as compared to acetyl. The methodology has been evaluated via reactions with a variety of arylamines and by synthesis of biologically relevant deoxyadenosine and adenosine dimers. This is the first detailed analysis of aryl amination reactions of 6‐chloropurine nucleosides, and comparison of the two halogenated nucleoside substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Thomson
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, U.S.A
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Pratap R, Parrish D, Gunda P, Venkataraman D, Lakshman MK. Influence of Biaryl Phosphine Structure on C−N and C−C Bond Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:12240-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja902679b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramendra Pratap
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Damon Parrish
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Padmaja Gunda
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - D. Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Mahesh K. Lakshman
- Department of Chemistry, The City College and The City University of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York 10031, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6030, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, and Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed amination reactions of aryl halides have undergone rapid development in the last 12 years, largely driven by the implementation of new classes of ligands. Biaryl phosphanes have proven to provide especially active catalysts in this context. This Review discusses the application of these catalysts in C-N cross-coupling reactions in the synthesis of heterocycles and pharmaceuticals, in materials science, and in natural product synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Surry
- Department of Chemistry, Room 18-490, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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