1
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Cao J, Poon CT, Chan MHY, Hong EYH, Cheng YH, Hau FKW, Wu L, Yam VWW. Lamellar assembly and nanostructures of amphiphilic boron( iii) diketonates through suitable non-covalent interactions. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d3qo00031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Cooperative assemblies of amphiphilic boron(iii) diketonate compounds, which are found to be driven by the formation of non-covalent π–π and hydrophobic interactions in THF–water solution, result in the construction of nanosheet of lamellar packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Michael Ho-Yeung Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Eugene Yau-Hin Hong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Yat-Hin Cheng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Franky Ka-Wah Hau
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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2
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Hu Y, Zeng X, Sahare S, Xie RB, Lee SL. Flow-induced-crystallization: tailoring host-guest supramolecular co-assemblies at the liquid-solid interface. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3524-3530. [PMID: 36134353 PMCID: PMC9400487 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report that using the method of simply contacting a sample solution droplet with a piece of tissue paper can create a solvent flow (capillary force). During this process, the dynamics and solvent removal can promote the formation and stabilization of a meta-stable linear quasi-crystal composed of p-terphenyl-3,5,3',5'-tetracarboxylic acid (TPTC) molecules, which would otherwise pack into thermodynamically favored random tiling. The tailored quasi-crystal (linear) template allows atop it higher-efficiency accommodation of fullerene molecules (C60) from 40.1% to 97.5%, compared with that obtained in the random-tiling (porous) case. Overall, the result of this study presents an unusual yet remarkably simple strategy for tailoring complex host-guest supramolecular systems at the liquid-solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Xingming Zeng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Sanjay Sahare
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Rong-Bin Xie
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
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3
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Kojima Y, Sugiura S, Suzuki K, Yisilamu Y, Ono K. Synthesis and n-Type Semiconducting Properties of Bis(dioxaborin) Compounds Containing a π-Extended 2,2'-Bithiophene Structure. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101262. [PMID: 34894084 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bis(dioxaborin) compounds containing π-conjugated systems have been studied as n-type semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). In this study, with the aim of investigating the effect of the extension of the π-conjugation on the n-type semiconducting properties and stability of bis(dioxaborin) compounds, we synthesized new compounds containing 2,2'-bithiophene derivatives extended with an olefin or an acetylene spacer. The absorption maxima of the compounds containing olefin spacers were greatly red-shifted compared with those of the original compound without a π-spacer. The newly synthesized compounds exhibited high electron affinity, and the olefin spacers effectively reduced the on-site Coulomb repulsion in the two-electron reduction of the compounds. An OFET fabricated using one of these compounds having a layer-by-layer crystal structure exhibited n-type semiconductor behavior with a low threshold voltage, most likely due to the small on-site Coulomb repulsion. The electron-transporting properties were investigated by theoretical calculations based on the Marcus theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Kojima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - So Sugiura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yilihamu Yisilamu
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ono
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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4
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Lei P, Li Q, Meng T, Deng K, Wan J, Xiao X, Zeng Q. Diverse Self-assembly Structures of a Macrocycle Revealed with STM by Adjusting the Solution Concentration. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101246. [PMID: 34843178 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The macrocyclic molecule [3]C12 TT-TPA was synthesized by a Stille coupling reaction through alternately connecting 4,7-bisthienyl-2,1,3-thienothiazole and triphenylamine units. The concentration-dependent self-assembly structures of [3]C12 TT-TPA were explored in liquid/solid interface by scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory. After increasing the solution concentration, five different nanostructures were constructed and the molecular packing densities were gradually enhanced. Those structural transformations from loose structures to compact structures are thermodynamically favourable because those transformations are accompanied by the adsorption of more [3]C12 TT-TPA molecules from liquid phase, which increases the interactions between molecules and the interactions between molecules and substrate considerably. This study of fundamental exploration is important to understand the basic formation mechanisms and the stability of two-dimensional functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lei
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Qianhui Li
- Key Laboratory of organosilicon chemistry and material technology of ministry of education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Meng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ke Deng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Wan
- Key Laboratory of organosilicon chemistry and material technology of ministry of education, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318 yuhangtang Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xunwen Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11, North First Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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5
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Jeong Y, Kim HW, Ku J, Seo J. Breakdown of chiral recognition of amino acids in reduced dimensions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16166. [PMID: 32999433 PMCID: PMC7527561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The homochirality of amino acids in living organisms is one of the great mysteries in the phenomena of life. To understand the chiral recognition of amino acids, we have used scanning tunnelling microscopy to investigate the self-assembly of molecules of the amino acid tryptophan (Trp) on Au(111). Earlier experiments showed only homochiral configurations in the self-assembly of amino acids, despite using a mixture of the two opposite enantiomers. In our study, we demonstrate that heterochiral configurations can be favored energetically when L- and D-Trp molecules are mixed to form self-assembly on the Au surface. Using density functional theory calculations, we show that the indole side chain strongly interacts with the Au surface, which reduces the system effectively to two-dimension, with chiral recognition disabled. Our study provides important insight into the recognition of the chirality of amino acid molecules in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchan Jeong
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
| | - Hyo Won Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, 16678, Korea
| | - JiYeon Ku
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon, 16678, Korea
| | - Jungpil Seo
- Department of Emerging Materials Science, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Korea.
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6
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Zeng X, Khan SB, Mahmood A, Lee SL. Nanoscale tailoring of supramolecular crystals via an oriented external electric field. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15072-15080. [PMID: 32458926 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01946a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The oriented external electric field of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) has recently been adapted for controlling the chemical reaction and supramolecular phase transition at surfaces with molecular precision. However, to date, advance controls using such electric-fields for crystal engineering have not been achieved yet. Here, we present how the directional electric-field of an STM can be utilized to harness supramolecular crystallization on a solid surface. We show that a glass-like random-tiling assembly composed of p-terphenyl-3,5,3',5'-tetracarboxylic acid can transform into close-packed periodic assemblies under positive substrate bias conditions at the liquid/solid interface. Importantly, the nucleation and subsequent crystal growth for such field-induced products can be artificially tailored at the early stage in a real-time fashion. Through this method, we were able to produce a two-dimensional supramolecular single crystal. The as-prepared crystals with apparent brightness are ascribed to a spectroscopic feature linked to the electron density of states, which is thus strongly STM bias dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingming Zeng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060.
| | - Sadaf Bashir Khan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060. and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provence, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060
| | - Ayyaz Mahmood
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060. and Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provence, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060.
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7
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Peng X, Zhao F, Peng Y, Li J, Zeng Q. Dynamic surface-assisted assembly behaviours mediated by external stimuli. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:54-63. [PMID: 31712788 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01847f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular self-assembly behaviors on solid substrates have been widely investigated in the last few decades. Owing to the complexity of interfacial assembly systems, the precise regulation of supramolecular nanostructures is still challenging and waits to be solved. The supramolecular nanostructures are governed by non-covalent bonds, so they can be disrupted and influenced by an external environment. In this review, the dynamic supramolecular nanostructures that are mediated by external stimuli containing guest species, light irradiation, temperature and electric field are discussed in detail. The research studies mentioned in this article are all accomplished by STM, and the effects of these external stimuli on the assembled nanostructures have been elucidated exhaustively here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China. and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectonics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengying Zhao
- Jiangxi College of Applied Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China. and Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geo Materials of Ministry of Education, P. R. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yang Peng
- Jiangxi College of Applied Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China. and Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geo Materials of Ministry of Education, P. R. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiangxi College of Applied Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China. and Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geo Materials of Ministry of Education, P. R. China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China. and Center of Materials Science and Optoelectonics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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8
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Mahmood A, Zeng X, Saleemi AS, Cheng KY, Lee SL. Electric-field-induced supramolecular phase transitions at the liquid/solid interface: cat-assembly from solvent additives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8790-8793. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrically triggered phase transformations of trimesic acid can be efficiently promoted to occur in an environment where trace levels of a highly polar solvent additive are present at the liquid/solid interface, as revealed by STM and DFT simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyaz Mahmood
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provence
| | - Xingming Zeng
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Awais Siddique Saleemi
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provence
| | - Kum-Yi Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provence
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- China
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9
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Mahmood A, Saeed M, Chan Y, Saleemi AS, Guo J, Lee SL. Synergic Effect: Temperature-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Supramolecular Phase Transitions at the Liquid/Solid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8031-8037. [PMID: 31120252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using trimesic acid (TMA) as a model system by means of scanning tunneling microscope (STM) equipped with a temperature controller, here, we report a temperature-assisted method to cooperatively control electric-field-induced supramolecular phase transitions at the liquid/solid interface. Octanoic acid is used as a solvent due to its good solubility for TMA and its less complicated pattern formed under negative STM bias (e.g., only chicken-wire polymorphs existing). At positive substrate bias, STM revealed that TMA assembly based on temperature modulations underwent phase transitions from a porous (22 °C) to a flower (45 °C) and further to a zigzag (68 °C) structure. The transitions are ascribed to the partial deprotonation of the carboxyl groups of TMA. Both the temperature and electrical polarity of the substrate are crucial, i.e., the transitions only take place at positive substrate bias and elevated temperatures. Molecular mechanics simulations were carried out to calculate the temperature and electric field dependence of the adsorption enthalpy and free energy of the chicken-wire assembly of TMA on the two layers of graphene surface. The calculated decrease in adsorption enthalpy with the increase of temperature and electric field values that causes the TMA chicken-wire assembly to be less stable is proposed to promote the occurrence of the phase transition observed by STM. This study paves the way toward program-controlled supramolecular phase switching via the synergic effect of electrical and thermal stimuli.
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10
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Fang Y, Cibian M, Hanan GS, Perepichka DF, De Feyter S, Cuccia LA, Ivasenko O. Alkyl chain length effects on double-deck assembly at a liquid/solid interface. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14993-15002. [PMID: 30052249 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Controlled double-deck packing is an appealing means to expand upon conventional 2D self-assembly which is critical in crystal engineering, yet it is rare and poorly understood. Herein, we report the first systematic study of double-deck assembly in a series of alkylated aminoquinone derivatives at the liquid-solid interface. The competition between the fraction of alkyl chains adsorbed on the surface and the optimal conformation of the alkyl chains near the head group leads to a stepwise structural transformation ranging from complete double-deck packing to complete monolayer packing. Alkyl chains on the bottom or top layer of the double-deck assemblies were selectively visualized by carefully tuning the scanning tunneling microscopy settings. A method to easily identify mirror image domains was discovered based on the coincidence of domain boundaries with a graphite main axis. The effect of molecular symmetry and metal complexation on the formation of the double-deck assembly was also explored. Based on 2D crystal engineering principles, this bottom-up double-deck assembly can potentially provide an essential toehold for constructing precise 3D hierarchical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada.
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11
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Dutta S, Gellman AJ. Enantiomer surface chemistry: conglomerate versus racemate formation on surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7787-7839. [PMID: 29165467 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00555e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Research on surface chirality is motivated by the need to develop functional chiral surfaces for enantiospecific applications. While molecular chirality in 3D has been the subject of study for almost two centuries, many aspects of 2D chiral surface chemistry have yet to be addressed. In 3D, racemic mixtures of chiral molecules tend to aggregate into racemate (molecularly heterochiral) crystals much more frequently than conglomerate (molecularly homochiral) crystals. Whether chiral adsorbates on surfaces preferentially aggregate into heterochiral rather than homochiral domains (2D crystals or clusters) is not known. In this review, we have made the first attempt to answer the following question based on available data: in 2D racemic mixtures adsorbed on surfaces, is there a clear preference for homochiral or heterochiral aggregation? The current hypothesis is that homochiral packing is preferred on surfaces; in contrast to 3D where heterochiral packing is more common. In this review, we present a simple hierarchical scheme to categorize the chirality of adsorbate-surface systems. We then review the body of work using scanning tunneling microscopy predominantly to study aggregation of racemic adsorbates. Our analysis of the existing literature suggests that there is no clear evidence of any preference for either homochiral or heterochiral aggregation at the molecular level by chiral and prochiral adsorbates on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham Dutta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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12
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Frath D, Yokoyama S, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Photoresponsive supramolecular self-assemblies at the liquid/solid interface. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Oh SC, Lloyd JA, Fischer S, Saǧlam Ö, Papageorgiou AC, Diller K, Duncan DA, Klappenberger F, Allegretti F, Reichert J, Barth JV. Isomerism control of diethylstilbestrol by metal surface induced O–H cleavage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12495-12498. [PMID: 30339165 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Thetransorcisconformation of a stilbene is found to be critically dependent on the supporting metal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Cheol Oh
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Julian A. Lloyd
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Sybille Fischer
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Özge Saǧlam
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | | | - Katharina Diller
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - David A. Duncan
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | | | | | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physics Department E20
- Technical University of Munich
- D-85748 Garching
- Germany
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14
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Wong CL, Poon CT, Yam VWW. Photoresponsive Organogelator: Utilization of Boron(III) Diketonate as a Building Block To Construct Multiresponsive Materials. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheok-Lam Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional
Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee
(Hong Kong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Cai ZF, Chen T, Gu JY, Wang D, Wan LJ. Ionic interaction-induced assemblies of bimolecular “chessboard” structures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9129-9132. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03625f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we applied ionic interactions as the driving force to fabricate well-ordered bicomponent assemblies by using two porphyrin ions equipped with oppositely-charged groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Beijing 100190
| | - Ting Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Beijing 100190
| | - Jing-Ying Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Beijing 100190
| | - Dong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Beijing 100190
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology
- CAS Research Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Beijing 100190
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16
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Wong CL, Poon CT, Yam VWW. Photochromic Dithienylethene-Containing Boron(III) Ketoiminates: Modulation of Photo-Responsive Behavior through Variation of Intramolecular Motion. Chemistry 2016; 22:12931-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheok-Lam Wong
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grant Committee (Hong Kong)) and; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grant Committee (Hong Kong)) and; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grant Committee (Hong Kong)) and; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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17
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Poon CT, Wu D, Yam VWW. Boron(III)-Containing Donor-Acceptor Compound with Goldlike Reflective Behavior for Organic Resistive Memory Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3647-51. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
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18
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Poon CT, Wu D, Yam VWW. Boron(III)-Containing Donor-Acceptor Compound with Goldlike Reflective Behavior for Organic Resistive Memory Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (Hong Kong); Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R. China
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19
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Hu Y, Miao K, Zha B, Xu L, Miao X, Deng W. STM investigation of structural isomers: alkyl chain position induced self-assembly at the liquid/solid interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 18:624-34. [PMID: 26628411 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05795g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigating and regulating the self-assembly structure is of great importance in 2D crystal engineering and it is also gaining significant interest in surface studies. In this work, we systematically explored the variation of self-assembled patterns induced by the changeable side chain position. Moreover, molecules with different alkyl chain lengths (n = 15, 16) were also synthesized and probed for the purpose of understanding how an odd/even number of carbon atoms in the peripheral chains can affect the molecular adlayers. Structural isomers of bis-substituted anthraquinone derivatives 1,8-A-2OCn, 2,6-A-2OCn, 1,4-A-2OCn and 1,5-A-2OCn (n = 15, 16) were used and investigated by STM. 1,8-A-2OC16 and 1,8-A-2OC15 molecules adopted Z-like I and Linear I structures, respectively. 2,6-A-2OC16 and 2,6-A-2OC15 molecules were severally arranged in Linear II and Linear III configurations. 1,4-A-2OCn (n = 15, 16) molecules were staggered in a Z-like II fashion and 1,5-A-2OCn (n = 15, 16) molecules displayed a Linear IV nanostructure. Therefore, we arrive at a conclusion that self-assembly structures of anthraquinone isomers are chain-position-dependent, and designing isomeric compounds can be taken into consideration in regulating assembled structures. Besides, 2D nanopatterns of 1,8-A-2OCn and 2,6-A-2OCn can be regulated by the odd/even property of the side chains, but this is not the case for 1,4-A-2OCn and 1,5-A-2OCn, ascribed to the difference in driving forces for them. It is believed that the results are of significance to the alkyl chain position induced assembly configurations and surface research studies of structural isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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20
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Xu L, Miao X, Cui L, Liu P, Chen X, Deng W. Concentration-dependent structure and structural transition from chirality to nonchirality at the liquid-solid interface by coassembly. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:11734-11745. [PMID: 26103009 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the formation and structural transition of the two-dimensional chirality of self-assembly is a subject which still gains significant interest in surface or interface chirality studies. Here, we present the solvent-induced chiral structural transition of a 2-hydroxy-7-pentadecyloxy-9-fluorenone (HPF) molecules' self-assembled adlayer through coassembly with achiral aliphatic solvents under different concentrations. Polymorphic chiral patterns are obtained at low concentrations of aliphatic solvents with different chain lengths. The HPF molecules form coassembled structures with these solvents through van der Waals interactions. At the same time, at high concentrations, HPF molecules uniformly form a nonchiral multimer structure without coadsorbed aliphatic solvent molecules. What is interesting is that these structures under different concentrations will finally change into a zigzag structure, which is the thermodynamically most stable configuration. Especially when using n-hexadecane as the solvent, the adlayer shows perfect steric matching due to the close chain length of HPF and n-hexadecane, which can maximize the molecule-solvent interactions. Thus, HPF molecules in n-hexadecane exhibit the most diversiform configuration. The distinct concentration-dependence has proven that the solvent molecules can act as a coadsorbed component through van der Waals interactions rather than simply a dispersant and further result in the probability and stability of chiral self-assembled monolayers by subtle tuning of the solvent-molecule and solvent-substrate interactions. This result provides a simple and alternative strategy to construct the 2D chiral assembled monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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21
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Poon CT, Wu D, Lam WH, Yam VWW. A Solution-Processable Donor-Acceptor Compound Containing Boron(III) Centers for Small-Molecule-Based High-Performance Ternary Electronic Memory Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10569-73. [PMID: 26179856 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel small-molecule boron(III)-containing donor-acceptor compound has been synthesized and employed in the fabrication of solution-processable electronic resistive memory devices. High ternary memory performances with low turn-on (V(Th1)=2.0 V) and distinct threshold voltages (V(Th2)=3.3 V), small reading bias (1.0 V), and long retention time (>10(4) seconds) with a large ON/OFF ratio of each state (current ratio of "OFF", "ON1", and "ON2"=1:10(3):10(6)) have been demonstrated, suggestive of its potential application in high-density data storage. The present design strategy provides new insight in the future design of memory devices with multi-level transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Poon
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (P.R. China)
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (P.R. China)
| | - Wai Han Lam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (P.R. China)
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Area of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee, Hong Kong) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (P.R. China).
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22
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Poon CT, Wu D, Lam WH, Yam VWW. A Solution-Processable Donor-Acceptor Compound Containing Boron(III) Centers for Small-Molecule-Based High-Performance Ternary Electronic Memory Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Frath D, Sakano T, Imaizumi Y, Yokoyama S, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Diarylethene Self-Assembled Monolayers: Cocrystallization and Mixing-Induced Cooperativity Highlighted by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy at the Liquid/Solid Interface. Chemistry 2015; 21:11350-8. [PMID: 26119457 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stimulus control over 2D multicomponent molecular ordering on surfaces is a key technique for realizing advanced materials with stimuli-responsive surface properties. The formation of 2D molecular ordering along with photoisomerization was monitored by scanning tunneling microscopy at the octanoic acid/highly oriented pyrolytic graphite interface for a synthesized amide-containing diarylethene, which underwent photoisomerization between the open- and closed-ring isomers and also a side-reaction to give the annulated isomer. The nucleation (Kn) and elongation (Ke) equilibrium constants were determined by analysis of the concentration dependence of the surface coverage by using a cooperative model at the liquid/solid interface. It was found that the annulated isomer has a very large equilibrium constant, which explains the predominantly observed ordering of the annulated isomer. It was also found that the presence of the closed-ring isomer induces cooperativity into the formation of molecular ordering composed of the open-ring isomer. A quantitative analysis of the formation of ordering by using the cooperative model has provided a new view of the formation of 2D multicomponent molecular ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Frath
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Takeshi Sakano
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Yohei Imaizumi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Soichi Yokoyama
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan)
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan).
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24
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Yokoyama S, Hirose T, Matsuda K. Photoinduced Four-State Three-Step Ordering Transformation of Photochromic Terthiophene at a Liquid/Solid Interface Based on Two Principles: Photochromism and Polymorphism. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6404-6414. [PMID: 26005903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated photoinduced ordering transformation of a photochromic terthiophene derivative by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the trichlorobenzene (TCB)/highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) interface. The open-ring and annulated isomers of the terthiophene formed two-dimensional molecular orderings with different patterns while the closed-ring isomer did not form any ordering. The ordering of the open-ring isomer exhibited polymorphism depending on the concentration of supernatant solution. Upon UV light irradiation to a solution of the open-ring isomer or the closed-ring isomer, ordering composed of the annulated isomer was irreversibly formed. Upon visible light irradiation or thermal stimulus to the closed-ring isomer, the two kinds of polymorph composed of the open-ring isomer were formed due to the polymorphism. By controlling photochromism and polymorphism among four states made of three photochemical isomers, four-state three-step transformation was achieved by in situ photoirradiation from a solution of the closed-ring isomer (no ordering) into the ordering composed of the open-ring isomer (ordering α and β) followed by the orderings composed of the annulated isomer (ordering γ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Yokoyama
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirose
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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25
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Trawny D, Schlexer P, Steenbergen K, Rabe JP, Paulus B, Reissig HU. Dense or porous packing? Two-dimensional self-assembly of star-shaped mono-, bi-, and terpyridine derivatives. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:949-53. [PMID: 25652664 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly behavior of five star-shaped pyridyl-functionalized 1,3,5-triethynylbenzenes was studied at the interface between an organic solvent and the basal plane of graphite by scanning tunneling microscopy. The mono- and bipyridine derivatives self-assemble in closely packed 2D crystals, whereas the derivative with the more bulky terpyridines crystallizes with porous packing. DFT calculations of a monopyridine derivative on graphene, support the proposed molecular model. The calculations also reveal the formation of hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen atoms and a hydrogen atom of the neighboring central unit, as a small nonzero tunneling current was calculated within this region. The title compounds provide a versatile model system to investigate the role of multivalent steric interactions and hydrogen bonding in molecular monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Trawny
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin (Germany); Current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TA (UK)
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26
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Lee SL, Adisoejoso J, Fang Y, Tahara K, Tobe Y, Mali KS, De Feyter S. Efficient screening of 2D molecular polymorphs at the solution-solid interface. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:5344-9. [PMID: 25721241 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06808d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Formation of multiple polymorphs during two-dimensional (2D) crystallization of organic molecules is more of a routine occurrence than rarity. Although such diverse crystalline structures provide exciting possibilities for studying crystal engineering in 2D, predicting the occurrence of polymorphs for a given building block is often non-trivial. Moreover, there is scarcity of methods that can experimentally verify the presence of such crystalline polymorphs in a straightforward fashion. Here we demonstrate a relatively simple experimental approach for screening of 2D polymorphs formed at the solution-solid interface. The strategy involves use of solution flow produced by contacting a piece of tissue paper to the sample to generate a lateral density gradient along the substrate surface. In situ generation of such gradient allows rapid discovery and nanoscale separation of multiple 2D polymorphs in a single experiment. The concept is demonstrated using three structurally different building blocks that differ in terms of intermolecular interactions responsible for 2D crystal formation. The method described here represents a powerful tool for efficient screening of 2D polymorphs formed at the solution-solid interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shern-Long Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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27
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Ogawa S, Morikawa MA, Juhász G, Kimizuka N. Interlocked dimerization of C3-Symmetrical boron difluoride complex: designing non-cooperative supramolecular materials for luminescent thin films. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11908a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Radially integrated, luminescent boron difluoride complexes form inter-locked dimers in chloroform. The inter-locked dimers show anti-cooperative features and give homogeneous thin-films on solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigesaburo Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Japan
| | - Masa-aki Morikawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS)
| | - Gergely Juhász
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS)
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28
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Zhang X, Zeng Q, Wang C. On-surface single molecule synthesis chemistry: a promising bottom-up approach towards functional surfaces. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8269-8287. [PMID: 23748971 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01611k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we introduce recent progress on surface synthesis and focus on supramolecular self-assembled structures driven by several typical chemical reactions at solid surfaces, with the aid of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We also emphasize the relationship between the non-covalent self-assembly and surface reactivity, by which we hope to find an effective way for further controllable nano-manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, PR China
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29
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Miyake Y, Nagata T, Tanaka H, Yamazaki M, Ohta M, Kokawa R, Ogawa T. Entropy-controlled 2D supramolecular structures of N,N'-bis(n-alkyl)naphthalenediimides on a HOPG surface. ACS NANO 2012; 6:3876-3887. [PMID: 22468777 DOI: 10.1021/nn205006d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The two-dimensional supramolecular structures of a series of N,N'-bis(n-alkyl)naphthalenediimides (NDIs), whose chain lengths span from C3 to C18, at a liquid-HOPG surface interface, studied by STM and FM-AFM, are assigned with the help of molecular dynamics/molecular mechanics calculations to demonstrate that the C3- and C4-NDIs show lamellar structures, the C4- to C12-NDIs show honeycomb (KAGOME) structures, and the C14- to C18-NDIs show lamellar structures again. The change in supramolecular structure depending on chain length can be explained semiquantitatively by the balance of entropy and enthalpy terms to show the importance of "self-avoiding walk" of the alkyl chain in entropy terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Miyake
- Research Center for Molecular-Scale Nanoscience, Institute for Molecular Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
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30
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Saiz-Poseu J, Faraudo J, Figueras A, Alibes R, Busqué F, Ruiz-Molina D. Switchable Self-Assembly of a Bioinspired Alkyl Catechol at a Solid/Liquid Interface: Competitive Interfacial, Noncovalent, and Solvent Interactions. Chemistry 2012; 18:3056-63. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Guan CZ, Wang D, Wan LJ. Construction and repair of highly ordered 2D covalent networks by chemical equilibrium regulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2943-5. [PMID: 22227805 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc16892h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The construction of well-ordered 2D covalent networks via the dehydration of di-borate aromatic molecules was successfully realized through introducing a small amount of water into a closed reaction system to regulate the chemical equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Zhong Guan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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32
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Sun X, Zhang X, Li X, Liu S, Zhang G. A mechanistic investigation of mechanochromic luminescent organoboron materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32809g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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33
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Xu LP, Liu Y, Zhang X. Interfacial self-assembly of amino acids and peptides: scanning tunneling microscopy investigation. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4901-4915. [PMID: 22057641 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr11070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Proteins play important roles in human daily life. To take advantage of the lessons learned from nature, it is essential to investigate the self-assembly of subunits of proteins, i.e., amino acids and polypeptides. Due to its high resolution and versatility of working environment, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has become a powerful tool for studying interfacial molecular assembly structures. This review is intended to reflect the progress in studying interfacial self-assembly of amino acids and peptides by STM. In particular, we focus on environment-induced polymorphism, chiral recognition, and coadsorption behavior with molecular templates. These studies would be highly beneficial to research endeavors exploring the mechanism and nanoscale-controlling molecular assemblies of amino acids and polypeptides on surfaces, understanding the origin of life, unravelling the essence of disease at the molecular level and deeming what is necessary for the "bottom-up" nanofabrication of molecular devices and biosensors being constructed with useful properties and desired performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Xu
- Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
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Guan CZ, Chen T, Wu JY, Chen Q, Wang D, Stang PJ, Wan LJ. Surface-confined conformers and coassembly-induced conformer resolution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:9994-9999. [PMID: 21721510 DOI: 10.1021/la202076z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Stereoisomerism is a fundamental chemistry issue and has been intensively investigated because of its importance in organic chemistry, biology, and pharmacology. Molecules with freely rotatable single bonds have many interconvertable conformers. Herein, we report the surface-adsorption-induced conformer resolution by employing azobenzene-3,3-dicarboxylic acid (ADA-33) as a model compound. Two linear assembly phases composed of trans conformers on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface are observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. With the codeposition with 1-octanoic acid (OA), only one trans conformer of ADA-33 can be recognized by OA to form a two-component assembly with alternately arranged ADA-33 and OA stripes, which can be attributed to the epitaxial assembly of ADA-33 and OA on the HOPG surface, and weak hydrogen bonding exists between conformer I and OA molecules. The results are of significance with respect to the discrimination and resolution of conformers on a solid surface and provide molecular insights into the coadsorption assembly on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Zhong Guan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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35
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Yoon JK, Son WJ, Kim H, Chung KH, Han S, Kahng SJ. Achieving chiral resolution in self-assembled supramolecular structures through kinetic pathways. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:275705. [PMID: 21597147 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/27/275705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Chiral phase transitions were studied in a self-assembled 2,6-dibromoanthraquinones supramolecular system prepared on Au(111) using scanning tunneling microscopy. As the molecules were deposited at about 150 K, they formed heterochiral chevron structures (a racemate) consisting of two alternating prochiral molecular rows. When the as-deposited sample was warmed to 300 K followed by cooling to 80 K, phase-separated homochiral structures (a conglomerate), as well as the chevron structures, were observed. We propose molecular models for the structures that are in good agreement with ab initio studies and can be explained by hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds. We found that heterochiral chevron structures were more stable than homochiral structures due to two additional [Formula: see text] halogen bonds per molecule. We considered kinetic pathways for the phase transitions that were made possible via a disordered liquid phase entropically stabilized at 300 K. We show how chiral resolution can be achieved by exploiting kinetic paths allowed in supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Keon Yoon
- Department of Physics, Korea University, 1-5 Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, 136-713, Seoul, Korea
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36
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Liu X, Zhang X, Lu R, Xue P, Xu D, Zhou H. Low-dimensional nanostructures fabricated from bis(dioxaborine)carbazole derivatives as fluorescent chemosensors for detecting organic amine vapors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm04274a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Tahara K, Lei S, Adisoejoso J, De Feyter S, Tobe Y. Supramolecular surface-confined architectures created by self-assembly of triangular phenylene-ethynylene macrocycles via van der Waals interaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:8507-25. [PMID: 20967375 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02780d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
At the liquid/graphite interface triangular and rhombic phenylene-ethynylene macrocycles substituted by alkyl chains self-assemble to form porous two-dimensional (2D) molecular networks of honeycomb and Kagomé types, respectively, or close-packed non-porous structures via alkyl chain interdigitation as the directional intermolecular linkages. Factors that affect the formation of the 2D molecular networks, such as alkyl chain length, solvent, solute concentration, and co-adsorption of guest molecules, were elucidated through a systematic study. For the porous networks, various molecules and molecular clusters were adsorbed in the pores reflecting the size and shape complementarity, exploring a new field of 2D host-guest chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazukuni Tahara
- Division of Frontier Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
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Tahara K, Inukai K, Hara N, Johnson C, Haley M, Tobe Y. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkoxy-Substituted Octadehydrodibenzo[12]annulenes on a Graphite Surface: Attempts at peri-Benzopolyacene Formation by On-Surface Polymerization. Chemistry 2010; 16:8319-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Structure and structural transition of chiral domains in oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) assembly investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:2769-74. [PMID: 20133642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1000120107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OPV3-CHO molecules are employed to prepare assembly on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, and the so-prepared assembly is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. In the assembly chiral domains are observed with various structures such as linear and windmill. The chiral structural formation, stability, transition, and possible unification are intensively studied. After thermal annealing, linear structure was the only structure. To achieve a unified assembly with a single structure, an efficient method is proposed by coadsorption of OPV3-CHO with selected molecules. For example, an assembly with side-by-side helix structure is formed by a simple coadsorption of OPV3-CHO with alkyl bromide (C(n)H(2n+1)Br, n = 15-18). The experiments by cocrystallization of OPV3-CHO/C(n)H(2n+1)X (X = Cl, Br, and I) show the important role of halogen bonding in formation of the uniform structure. The results are significant in understanding the intermolecular noncovalent interactions that dominate the surface structure and chirality.
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Zhang X, Chen T, Chen Q, Deng GJ, Fan QH, Wan LJ. One Solvent Induces a Series of Structural Transitions in Monodendron Molecular Self-Assembly from Lamellar to Quadrangular to Hexagonal. Chemistry 2009; 15:9669-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Xu H, Minoia A, Tomović Z, Lazzaroni R, Meijer EW, Schenning APHJ, De Feyter S. A multivalent hexapod: conformational dynamics of six-legged molecules in self-assembled monolayers at a solid-liquid interface. ACS NANO 2009; 3:1016-1024. [PMID: 19361208 DOI: 10.1021/nn900131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A molecular hexapod having a benzene core and six oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) (OPV) legs is an ideal system to probe various types of (intramolecular) dynamics of individual molecules in physisorbed self-assembled monolayers at a solid-liquid interface. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that molecules adsorb in 2D crystalline as well as disordered domains. Strikingly, not all molecules have the six OPV units in contact with the graphite substrate: 4% of the molecules in the 2D crystalline domains and up to 80% of the molecules in the disordered domains have one or two OPV units desorbed. In addition, the presence of such a defect promotes the coexistence of another defect adjacent to it. Time-dependent STM experiments and molecular dynamics simulations reveal in detail the different dynamics involved and the multivalent nature of the interactions between hexapod and surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Division of Molecular and Nano Materials, Department of Chemistry, and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
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Chen Q, Chen T, Zhang X, Wan LJ, Liu HB, Li YL, Stang P. Two-dimensional OPV4 self-assembly and its coadsorption with alkyl bromide: from helix to lamellar. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:3765-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b905281j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Jiang W, Pan H, Cai Y, Tao J, Liu P, Xu X, Tang R. Atomic force microscopy reveals hydroxyapatite-citrate interfacial structure at the atomic level. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:12446-12451. [PMID: 18823133 DOI: 10.1021/la801720w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An approach to organic-inorganic interfacial structure at the atomic level is a great challenge in the studies of biomineralization. We demonstrate that atomic force microscopy (AFM) is powerful tool to discover the biomineral interface in detail. By using a model system of (100) hydroxyapatite (HAP) face and citrate, it reveals experimentally that only a side carboxylate and a surface calcium ion are involved in the binding effect during the citrate adsorption, which is against the previous understandings by using Langmuir adsorption and computer simulation. Furthermore, the adsorbed citrate molecules can use their free carboxylate and hydroxyl groups to be self-assembled on the HAP surface. AFM examination also finds that the presence of citrate molecules on the HAP crystal faces can enhance the adhesion force of the HAP surface. We suggest that the established AFM method can be used for a precise and direct understanding of biointerfaces at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Jiang
- Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways and Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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44
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Wang L, Chen Q, Pan GB, Wan LJ, Zhang S, Zhan X, Northrop BH, Stang PJ. Nanopatterning of donor/acceptor hybrid supramolecular architectures on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite: a scanning tunneling microscopy study. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13433-41. [PMID: 18783221 PMCID: PMC2653624 DOI: 10.1021/ja8040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid supramolecular architectures have been fabricated with acceptor 1,4-bis(4-pyridylethynyl)-2,3-bis-dodecyloxy-benzene (PBP) and donor 2,6-bis(3,4,5-tris-dodecyloxy-phenyl)dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene (DTT) compounds on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surfaces, and their structures and molecular conductance are characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). Stable, one-component adlayers of PBP and DTT are also investigated. The coadsorption of two-component mixtures of PBP and DTT results in a variety of hybrid nanopattern architectures that differ from those of their respective one-component surface assemblies. Adjusting the acceptor/donor molar ratio in mixed adlayer assemblies results in dramatic changes in the structure of the hybrid nanopatterns. STS measurements indicate that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of PBP and DTT on an HOPG surface are relatively insensitive to changes in the hybrid supramolecular architectures. These results provide important insight into the design and fabrication of two-dimensional hybrid supramolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ge-Bo Pan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Brian H. Northrop
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Arai R, Uemura S, Irie M, Matsuda K. Reversible Photoinduced Change in Molecular Ordering of Diarylethene Derivatives at a Solution−HOPG Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:9371-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja711041p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Arai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Shinobu Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Irie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan, PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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Yang ZY, Zhang HM, Pan GB, Wan LJ. Effect of the bridge alkylene chain on adlayer structure and property of functional oligothiophenes studied with scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2008; 2:743-749. [PMID: 19206606 DOI: 10.1021/nn7004443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Five dual-quinquethiophene self-assemblies are prepared on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface. The dual-quinquethiophenes are quinquethiophenes (5T)-di to hexamethylene (n, 2-6)-quinquethiophenes (5T), abbreviated as 5T-n-5T (n = 2-6). The effect of the bridge alkylene chains on the structure and property of the five assemblies are investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is found that all 5T-n-5T molecules form ordered adlayers on a HOPG surface with stripe feature. The alkylene bridge part in a molecule appears in a dark contrast in an STM image. Intriguingly, the thiophene backbones of individual molecules in the adlayer always keep an angle with the direction of molecular stripes. With alkylene bridge length increasing, different structures are found in 5T-5-5T and 5T-6-5T assemblies. To understand the effect of bridge chains on single molecular property, scanning tunneling spectroscopy is used to probe the electronic property of the different adlayers. The results will be important in surface engineering by self-assembly and molecular device fabrication with oligothiophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100080, China
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Qu S, Chen X, Shao X, Li F, Zhang H, Wang H, Zhang P, Yu Z, Wu K, Wang Y, Li M. Self-assembly of highly luminescent bi-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives through electron donor–acceptor interactions in three-dimensional crystals, two-dimensional layers and mesophases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b804189j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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48
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Wang D, Chen Q, Wan LJ. Structural transition of molecular assembly under photo-irradiation: an STM study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:6467-78. [DOI: 10.1039/b810304f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Yang ZY, Zhang HM, Yan CJ, Li SS, Yan HJ, Song WG, Wan LJ. Scanning tunneling microscopy of the formation, transformation, and property of oligothiophene self-organizations on graphite and gold surfaces. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:3707-12. [PMID: 17360417 PMCID: PMC1820648 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611585104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two alkyl-substituted dual oligothiophenes, quarterthiophene (4T)-trimethylene (tm)-octithiophene (8T) and 4T-tm-4T, were used to fabricate molecular structures on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and Au(111) surfaces. The resulted structures were investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. The 4T-tm-8T and 4T-tm-4T molecules self-organize into long-range ordered structures with linear and/or quasi-hexagonal patterns on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite at ambient temperature. Thermal annealing induced a phase transformation from quasi-hexagonal to linear in 4T-tm-8T adlayer. The molecules adsorbed on Au(111) surface in randomly folded and linear conformation. Based on scanning tunneling microscopy results, the structural models for different self-organizations were proposed. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurement showed the electronic property of individual molecules in the patterns. These results are significant in understanding the chemistry of molecular structure, including its formation, transformation, and electronic properties. They also help to fabricate oligothiophene assemblies with desired structures for future molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Yang
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
- Graduate School, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Zhang
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
| | - Cun-Ji Yan
- Graduate School, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
- Graduate School, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Juan Yan
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
| | - Wei-Guo Song
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- *Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, and
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