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Hanessian S. My 50-Plus Years of Academic Research Collaborations with Industry. A Retrospective. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9147-9186. [PMID: 38865159 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
A retrospective is presented highlighting the synthesis of selected "first-in-kind" natural products, their synthetic analogues, structure elucidations, and rationally designed bioactive synthetic compounds that were accomplished because of collaborations with past and present pharmaceutical and agrochemical companies. Medicinal chemistry projects involving structure-based design exploiting cocrystal structures of small molecules with biologically relevant enzymes, receptors, and bacterial ribosomes with synthetic small molecules leading to marketed products, clinical candidates, and novel drug prototypes were realized in collaboration. Personal reflections, historical insights, behind the scenes stories from various long-term projects are shared in this retrospective article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Hanessian
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California 91266, United States
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2
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Pudner GL, Camp I, Scheerer JR. A Nonoxidative Sequence for the Preparation of 1,2-Diketone Derivatives Using Aldehyde and Organometallic Building Blocks. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8213-8222. [PMID: 35613467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates a synthetic sequence for the preparation of 1,2-diketone products. The sequence avoids oxidative conditions and instead employs reliable transformations including the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons and addition of Grignard reagents to N-methyl-N-methoxy (Weinreb) amide intermediates. The reaction sequence is suitable for the synthesis of nonsymmetric aliphatic and aryl substituted derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth L Pudner
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Isabela Camp
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
| | - Jonathan R Scheerer
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, P.O. Box 8795, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, United States
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3
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Das R, Choithramani A, Shard A. A molecular perspective for the use of type IV tyrosine kinase inhibitors as anticancer therapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:808-821. [PMID: 34920095 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases are enzymes that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a specific protein tyrosine, serine or threonine residue within a cell, operating as a switch that can turn 'on' and 'off' causing different physiological alterations in the body. Mutated kinases have been shown to display an equilibrium shift toward the activated state. Types I-III have been studied intensively leading to drugs like imatinib (type II), cobimetinib (type III), among others. It is the same scenario for types V-VII; however, there is a lacuna in information regarding type IV inhibitors, although recently some advances have surfaced. This review aims to accumulate the knowledge gained so far about type IV inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudradip Das
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 380054, India
| | - Asmita Choithramani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 380054, India
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 380054, India.
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Xu T, Zhang J, Yang C, Pluta R, Wang G, Ye T, Ouyang L. Identification and optimization of 3-bromo-N'-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide derivatives as mTOR inhibitors that induce autophagic cell death and apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113424. [PMID: 33862514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a worse prognosis than other types of breast cancer due to its special biological behavior and clinicopathological characteristics. TNBC cell proliferation and progression to metastasis can be suppressed by inducing cytostatic autophagy. mTOR is closely related to autophagy and is involved in protein synthesis, nutrient metabolism and activating mTOR promotes tumor growth and metastasis. In this paper, we adopted the strategy of structure simplification, aimed to look for novel small-molecule inhibitors of mTOR by pharmacophore-based virtual screening and biological activity determination. We found a lead compound with 3-bromo-N'-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide for rational drug design and structural modification, then studied its structure-activity relationship. After that, compound 7c with the best TNBC cells inhibitory activities and superior mTOR enzyme inhibitory activity was obtained. In addition, we found that compound 7c could induce autophagic cell death and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines. In conclusion, these findings provide new clues for our 3-bromo-N'-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide derivatives, which are expected to become drug candidates for the treatment of TNBC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chengcan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ryszard Pluta
- Laboratory of Ischemic and Neurodegenerative Brain Research, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tinghong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Xu T, Sun D, Chen Y, Ouyang L. Targeting mTOR for fighting diseases: A revisited review of mTOR inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 199:112391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Choi H, Hong J, Lee K. A Stereoselective Formal Synthesis of Quinolizidine (-)-217A. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hosam Choi
- Department of Chemistry; The Catholic University of Korea; 14662 Bucheon Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Hong
- Department of Chemistry; Duke University; 27708 Durham North Carolina United States
| | - Kiyoun Lee
- Department of Chemistry; The Catholic University of Korea; 14662 Bucheon Republic of Korea
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Sanches-Silva A, Testai L, Nabavi SF, Battino M, Pandima Devi K, Tejada S, Sureda A, Xu S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M, Russo GL, Efferth T, Nabavi SM, Farzaei MH. Therapeutic potential of polyphenols in cardiovascular diseases: Regulation of mTOR signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104626. [PMID: 31904507 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases comprise of non-communicable disorders that involve the heart and/or blood vessels and have become the leading cause of death worldwide with increased prevalence by age. mTOR is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which plays a central role in many physiological processes including cardiovascular diseases, and also integrates various proliferative signals, nutrient and energy abundance and stressful situations. mTOR also acts as central regulator during chronic stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and deregulated autophagy which are associated with senescence. Under oxidative stress, mTOR has been reported to exert protective effects regulating apoptosis and autophagy processes and favoring tissue repair. On the other hand, inhibition of mTOR has been suggested to have beneficial effects against atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and also in extending the lifespan. In this aspect, the use of drugs or natural compounds, which can target mTOR is an interesting approach in order to reduce the number of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease. In the present review, we intend to shed light on the possible effects and molecular mechanism of natural agents like polyphenols via regulating mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sanches-Silva
- National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV), Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal; Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6 - 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Kasi Pandima Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University (Science Campus), Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Suowen Xu
- University of Rochester, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Gian Luigi Russo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Giralt E, Lo Re D. The Therapeutic Potential of Migrastatin-Core Analogs for the Treatment of Metastatic Cancer. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020198. [PMID: 28208778 PMCID: PMC6155687 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a complex process in which cells detach from the primary tumor and colonize a distant organ. Metastasis is also the main process responsible for cancer-related death. Despite the enormous efforts made to unravel the metastatic process, there is no effective therapy, and patients with metastatic tumors have poor prognosis. In this regard, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic tools for the treatment of this disease. Small molecules with the capacity to reduce cell migration could be used to treat metastasis. Migrastatin-core analogs are naturally inspired macrocycles that inhibit pathological cell migration and are able to reduce metastasis in animal models. Migrastatin analogs can be synthesized from a common advanced intermediate. Herein we present a review of the synthetic approaches that can be used to prepare this key intermediate, together with a review of the biological activity of migrastatin-core analogs and current hypotheses concerning their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1-11, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
| | - Daniele Lo Re
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, C/Baldiri Reixac 10, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
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10
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11
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Tadano KI. Our recent progress on the intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction approach in natural products synthesis: synthetic studies of the octahydronaphthalene substructure of versipelostatins and the A/B/C-tricyclic substructure of GKK1032s. CHEM REC 2014; 14:623-40. [PMID: 25049071 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During this decade, the enantio- and stereoselective synthesis of natural products has been actively explored in the author's laboratory. In this account, the author outlines practical syntheses of the polycyclic substructures of two novel structurally formidable antibiotics, namely, the trans-fused octahydronaphthalene moiety of versipelostatins and the A/B/C-tricyclic decahydrofluorene moiety of GKK1032s. Both syntheses have been achieved with remarkable regio- and stereoselectivity via intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions using well-designed enantiomeric substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Ichi Tadano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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12
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Lo Re D, Zhou Y, Nobis M, Anderson KI, Murphy PV. Synthesis of Migrastatin and its Macroketone Analogue and In Vivo FRAP Analysis of the Macroketone on E-Cadherin Dynamics. Chembiochem 2014; 15:1459-64. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
The synthesis of urea in 1828 set in motion the discipline of organic synthesis in general and of total synthesis in particular, the art and science of synthesizing natural products, the molecules of living nature. Early endeavors in total synthesis had as their main objective the proof of structure of the target molecule. Later on, the primary goal became the demonstration of the power of synthesis to construct complex molecules through appropriately devised strategies, making the endeavor an achievement whose value was measured by its elegance and efficiency. While these objectives continue to be important, contemporary endeavors in total synthesis are increasingly focused on practical aspects, including method development, efficiency, and biological and medical relevance. In this article, the emergence and evolution of total synthesis to its present state is traced, selected total syntheses from the author's laboratories are highlighted, and projections for the future of the field are discussed.
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Zheng B, Jia T, Walsh PJ. A General and Practical Palladium-Catalyzed Direct α-Arylation of Amides with Aryl Halides. Adv Synth Catal 2014; 356:165-178. [PMID: 24765060 PMCID: PMC3994175 DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An efficient system for the direct catalytic intermolecular α-arylation of acetamide derivatives with aryl bromides and chlorides is presented. The palladium catalyst is supported by Kwong's indole-based phosphine ligand and provides monoarylated amides in up to 95% yield. Excellent chemoselectivities (>10:1) in the mono- and diarylation with aryl bromides were achieved by careful selection of bases, solvents, and stoichiometry. Under the coupling conditions, the weakly acidic α-protons of amides (pKa up to 35) were reversibly depotonated by LiO t Bu, NaO t Bu, or NaN(SiMe3)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Tiezheng Jia
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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15
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Bauer A, Brönstrup M. Industrial natural product chemistry for drug discovery and development. Nat Prod Rep 2014; 31:35-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70058e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Liu D, Liu C, Li H, Lei A. Copper-catalysed oxidative C–H/C–H coupling between olefins and simple ethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3623-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00867g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Nicolaou KC, Hale CRH, Nilewski C, Ioannidou HA. Constructing molecular complexity and diversity: total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5185-238. [PMID: 22743704 PMCID: PMC3426871 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The advent of organic synthesis and the understanding of the molecule as they occurred in the nineteenth century and were refined in the twentieth century constitute two of the most profound scientific developments of all time. These discoveries set in motion a revolution that shaped the landscape of the molecular sciences and changed the world. Organic synthesis played a major role in this revolution through its ability to construct the molecules of the living world and others like them whose primary element is carbon. Although the early beginnings of organic synthesis came about serendipitously, organic chemists quickly recognized its potential and moved decisively to advance and exploit it in myriad ways for the benefit of mankind. Indeed, from the early days of the synthesis of urea and the construction of the first carbon-carbon bond, the art of organic synthesis improved to impressively high levels of sophistication. Through its practice, today chemists can synthesize organic molecules--natural and designed--of all types of structural motifs and for all intents and purposes. The endeavor of constructing natural products--the organic molecules of nature--is justly called both a creative art and an exact science. Often called simply total synthesis, the replication of nature's molecules in the laboratory reflects and symbolizes the state of the art of synthesis in general. In the last few decades a surge in total synthesis endeavors around the world led to a remarkable collection of achievements that covers a wide ranging landscape of molecular complexity and diversity. In this article, we present highlights of some of our contributions in the field of total synthesis of natural products of biological and medicinal importance. For perspective, we also provide a listing of selected examples of additional natural products synthesized in other laboratories around the world over the last few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Goss RJM, Shankar S, Fayad AA. The generation of "unnatural" products: synthetic biology meets synthetic chemistry. Nat Prod Rep 2012; 29:870-89. [PMID: 22744619 DOI: 10.1039/c2np00001f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural product analogue generation is important, providing tools for chemical biology, enabling structure activity relationship determination and insight into the way in which natural products interact with their target biomolecules. The generation of analogues is also often necessary in order to improve bioavailability and to fine tune compounds' activity. This review provides an overview of the catalogue of approaches available for accessing series of analogues. Over the last few years there have been major advances in genome sequencing and the development of tools for biosynthetic pathway engineering; it is therefore becoming increasingly easy to combine molecular biology and synthetic organic chemistry in order to enable expeditious access to series of natural products. This review outlines the various ways of combining biology and chemistry that have been applied to analogue generation, drawing upon a series of examples to illustrate each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J M Goss
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UKNR4 7TJ
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Trombino S, Cassano R, Cilea A, Ferrarelli T, Muzzalupo R, Picci N. Synthesis of pro-prodrugs l-lysine based for 5-aminosalicylic acid and 6-mercaptopurine colon specific release. Int J Pharm 2011; 420:290-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Oelke AJ, Antonietti F, Bertone L, Cranwell PB, France DJ, Goss RJM, Hofmann T, Knauer S, Moss SJ, Skelton PC, Turner RM, Wuitschik G, Ley SV. Total Synthesis of Chloptosin: A Dimeric Cyclohexapeptide. Chemistry 2011; 17:4183-94. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Barnickel B, Schobert R. Toward the macrocidins: macrocyclization via Williamson etherification of a phenolate. J Org Chem 2011; 75:6716-9. [PMID: 20828139 DOI: 10.1021/jo101416x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of macrocyclic 3-acyltetramic acids which are immediate precursors of the fungal herbicide macrocidin A (1) is reported. The crucial closure of the macrocycle was achieved in excellent yield by an unprecedented Williamson etherification of an ω-bromo phenolate generated in situ by a Pd-mediated O-deallylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Barnickel
- Organisch-chemisches Laboratorium der Universität Bayreuth, Gebäude NW I, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Gassa F, Contini A, Fontana G, Pellegrino S, Gelmi ML. A Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Hydroxy-β-amino Acid Derivatives via a Lewis Acid Catalyzed Three-Component Condensation Reaction. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7099-106. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1011762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Gassa
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Gelmi
- DISMAB, Sezione di Chimica Organica “A. Marchesini” Facoltà di Farmacia, Università di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Goss RJM, Lanceron S, Deb Roy A, Sprague S, Nur-E-Alam M, Hughes DL, Wilkinson B, Moss SJ. An expeditious route to fluorinated rapamycin analogues by utilising mutasynthesis. Chembiochem 2010; 11:698-702. [PMID: 20186904 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Rapamycin is a drug with several important clinical uses. Its complex structure means that total synthesis of this natural product and its analogues is demanding and lengthy. A more expeditious approach is to utilise biosynthesis to enable the generation of otherwise synthetically intractable analogues. In order to achieve this, rules governing biosynthetic precursor substrate preference must be established. Through determining these rules and synthesising and administering suitable substrate precursors, we demonstrate the first generation of fluorinated rapamycin analogues. Here we report the generation of six new fluororapamycins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J M Goss
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
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Organocatalytic approach to 3,5,6-trisubstituted and 4,6-disubstituted tetrahydropyran-2-ones. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Abstract
An asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction between acrolein and 1-benzyloxymethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene affords a bicyclic aldehyde that was elaborated in 11 steps to nor-platencin. nor-Platencin is 4-16 times less active than platencin against several resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, macrolide-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.
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White JD, Jeffrey SC. Synthesis of the northern sector (C8-C19) of rapamycin via Chan rearrangement and oxidation of an alpha-acyloxyacetate. Tetrahedron 2009; 35:6642-6647. [PMID: 20161171 PMCID: PMC2722752 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two routes to the masked tricarbonyl segment of the immunosuppressant rapamycin comprising C8-C19 were explored beginning from D-xylose. The first approach employed a protected form of 2,4,5-trihydroxypentanol to obtain dithiane 43, which failed to react with dimethyl oxalate to give a 1,2,3-tricarbonyl unit corresponding to the northern sector of rapamycin. A second approach employing carboxylic acid 61 derived from 43 utilized base-mediated (Chan) rearrangement of alpha-acyloxyacetate 62 with trapping of the resultant enediolate as bis silyl ether 63. Epoxidation of this diene afforded masked tri-keto ester 65 which underwent acid-catalyzed methanolysis to produce cyclic ketal 67.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D White
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003
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White JD, Deerberg J, Toske SG, Yakura T. Application of stereocontrolled aldol coupling to synthesis of segments of immunosuppressants FK-506 and rapamycin. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Feutran SA, McAlonan H, Stevenson PJ, Walker AD. Palladium-mediated reductive coupling, a stereoselective approach to the 8-dehydropumiliotoxin skeleton. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Muñoz-Hernández L, Soderquist JA. Asymmetric γ-Methoxyallylation with the Robust 10-TMS-9-Borabicyclo[3.3.2]decanes. Org Lett 2009; 11:2571-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ol900865y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - John A. Soderquist
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico 00931-3346
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32
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Ley S, Tackett M, Maddess M, Anderson J, Brennan P, Cappi M, Heer J, Helgen C, Kori M, Kouklovsky C, Marsden S, Norman J, Osborn D, Palomero M, Pavey J, Pinel C, Robinson L, Schnaubelt J, Scott J, Spilling C, Watanabe H, Wesson K, Willis M. Total Synthesis of Rapamycin. Chemistry 2009; 15:2874-914. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Evans AC, Longbottom DA, Matsuoka M, Davies JE, Turner R, Franckevičius V, Ley SV. Highly diastereoselective desymmetrisation of cyclic meso-anhydrides and derivatisation for use in natural product synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:747-60. [DOI: 10.1039/b813494d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Nicolaou KC, Chen JS, Dalby SM. From nature to the laboratory and into the clinic. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:2290-303. [PMID: 19028103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural products possess a broad diversity of structure and function, and they provide inspiration for chemistry, biology, and medicine. In this review article, we highlight and place in context our laboratory's total syntheses of, and related studies on, complex secondary metabolites that were clinically important drugs, or have since been developed into useful medicines, namely amphotericin B (1), calicheamicin gamma(1)(I) (2), rapamycin (3), Taxol (4), the epothilones [e.g., epothilones A (5) and B (6)], and vancomycin (7). We also briefly highlight our research with other selected inspirational natural products possessing interesting biological activities [i.e., dynemicin A (8), uncialamycin (9), eleutherobin (10), sarcodictyin A (11), azaspiracid-1 (12), thiostrepton (13), abyssomicin C (14), platensimycin (15), platencin (16), and palmerolide A (17)].
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, BCC408, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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35
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Bridgwood KL, Tzschucke CC, O’Brien M, Wittrock S, Goodman JM, Davies JE, Logan AWJ, Hüttl MRM, Ley SV. Enantiopure 2-Substituted Glyceraldehyde Derivatives by Aza-Claisen Rearrangement or C-Alkylation of Enamines. Org Lett 2008; 10:4537-40. [DOI: 10.1021/ol8018242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Sven Wittrock
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | - John E. Davies
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | | | - Steven V. Ley
- Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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Maddess ML, Tackett MN, Ley SV. Total synthesis studies on macrocyclic pipecolic acid natural products: FK506, the antascomicins and rapamycin. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2008; 66:13, 15-186. [PMID: 18416305 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7643-8595-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This chapter derives its inspiration from the challenges presented to total synthesis chemists, by a particular group of macrocyclic pipecolic acid natural products. Although there is considerable emphasis on the completed syntheses of the main characters (FK506 (1), the antascomycins (4 and 5) and rapamycin (7)), the overall complexity of the molecular problem has stimulated a wealth of new knowledge, including the development of novel strategies and the invention of new synthetic methods. The ingenious and innovative approaches to these targets have enabled new generations of analogues, and provided material to further probe the biology of these fascinating molecules. With pharmaceutical application as an immunosuppressant, as well as potential use for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, this family of natural products continues to inspire new and interesting science while providing solutions to healthcare problems of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Maddess
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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37
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Egi M, Yamaguchi Y, Fujiwara N, Akai S. Mo−Au Combo Catalysis for Rapid 1,3-Rearrangement of Propargyl Alcohols into α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. Org Lett 2008; 10:1867-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ol800596c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Egi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Yamaguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noboru Fujiwara
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Akkerman F, Kickbusch R, Lentz D. Synthesis of Fluorinated Dienes by Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. Chem Asian J 2008; 3:719-31. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Xuan R, Oh HS, Lee Y, Kang HY. Total synthesis of 10-deoxymethynolide and narbonolide. J Org Chem 2008; 73:1456-61. [PMID: 18205385 DOI: 10.1021/jo702384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A flexible and convenient approach was developed for the synthesis of 10-deoxymethynolide (1) and narbonolide (2), which are aglycones of the methymycin and the pikromycin families of macrolide antibiotics. These lactones are produced by pikromycin polyketide synthase from Streptomyces venezuelae. Polyketide lactones, 10-deoxymethynolide and narbonolide, which contain 12- and 14-membered rings, respectively, were synthesized efficiently. These target lactones were retrosynthetically divided into three parts and assembled by using an asymmetric aldol reaction, the Yamaguchi esterification, and ring-closing metathesis. The ring-closing metathesis reaction catalyzed by the second-generation Grubbs catalyst is particularly efficient in preparing these macrocyclic polyketide lactones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richeng Xuan
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
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40
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mTOR Inhibitors in Oncology. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)00012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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41
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Ley SV, Sheppard TD, Myers RM, Chorghade MS. Chiral Glycolate Equivalents for the Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Hydroxycarbonyl Compounds. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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