1
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Adak AK, Huang KT, Liao CY, Lee YJ, Kuo WH, Huo YR, Li PJ, Chen YJ, Chen BS, Chen YJ, Chu Hwang K, Wayne Chang WS, Lin CC. Investigating a Boronate-Affinity-Guided Acylation Reaction for Labelling Native Antibodies. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104178. [PMID: 35143090 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The excellent molecular recognition capabilities of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have opened up exciting opportunities for biotherapeutic discovery. Taking advantage of the full potential of this tool necessitates affinity ligands capable of conjugating directly with small molecules to a defined degree of biorthogonality, especially when modifying natural Abs. Herein, a bioorthogonal boronate-affinity-based Ab ligand featuring a 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and an S-aryl thioester to label full-length Abs is reported. The photoactivatable linker in the acyl donor facilitated purification of azide-labelled Ab (N3 -Ab) was quantitatively cleaved upon brief exposure to UV light while retaining the original Ab activity. Click reactions enabled the precise addition of biotin, a fluorophore, and a pharmacological agent to the purified N3 -Abs. The resulting immunoconjugate showed selectivity against targeted cells. Bioorthogonal traceless design and reagentless purification allow this strategy to be a powerful tool to engineer native antibodies amenable to therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Liao
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Jung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hua Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ren Huo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Shiun Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Wun-Shang Wayne Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
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2
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Development of an enhanced immunoassay based on protein nanoparticles displaying an IgG-binding domain and luciferase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2079-2088. [PMID: 35037082 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Detection of small amounts of target molecules with high sensitivity is important for the diagnosis of many diseases, including cancers, and is particularly important to detect early stages of disease. Here, we report the development of a temperature-responsive fusion protein (ELP-DCN) comprised of an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), poly-aspartic acid (D), antibody-binding domain C (C), and NanoLuc luciferase (N). ELP-DCN proteins form nanoparticles above a certain threshold temperature that display an antibody-binding domain and NanoLuc luciferase on their surface. ELP-DCN nanoparticles can be applied for enhancement of immunoassay systems because they provide more antibody-binding sites and an increased number of luciferase molecules, resulting in an increase in assay signal. Here, we report the detection of human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein using anti-HSA and ELP-DCN proteins. Upon formation of ELP-DCN nanoparticles, the detection limit improved tenfold compared to the monomeric form of ELP-DCN.
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3
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Wang YT, Cai MD, Sun LL, Hua RN. A Rapid and Facile Separation-Detection Integrated Strategy for Exosome Profiling Based on Boronic Acid-Directed Coupling Immunoaffinity. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16059-16067. [PMID: 34793122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are a promising noninvasive tumor biomarker for cancer diagnosis and classification. However, efficient capture and precise analysis of exosomes in complex biological samples remain challenging. Here, sensitive profiling of exosomes with an integrated separation-detection strategy of 37 min is performed based on boronic acid-directed coupling immunoaffinity. The modification of g-C3N4 nanosheets with boronic acid (BCNNS) contributes to antibody binding under physiological conditions, which is accompanied by fluorescence enhancement. When exosomes are captured by an antibody equipped with BCNNS, a decrease in fluorescence can be induced; moreover, using the dispersion property of BCNNS, the exosomes can be separated by a simple centrifugation step. The protocol shows a favorable sensitivity with a detection limit of 2484 particles/mL. By changing only the fused antibody, exosome phenotype information profiling can be achieved, and exosomes derived from four different cell lines (HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, and MCF-10A) can be successfully distinguished. More significantly, the positive prediction accuracy results reach 100% for serum samples from different individuals and have the advantage of multiple parameters; thus, the method has great potential in noninvasive diagnosis and point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wang
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Ming-Di Cai
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Affiliated Dalian Municipal Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116601, China
| | - Rui-Nian Hua
- College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China
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4
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Adak AK, Huang KT, Li PJ, Fan CY, Lin PC, Hwang KC, Lin CC. Regioselective S N2-Type Reaction for the Oriented and Irreversible Immobilization of Antibodies to a Glass Surface Assisted by Boronate Formation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6756-6767. [PMID: 35019340 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have exquisite specificities for molecular recognition, which have led to their incorporation into array sensors that are crucial for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. Many of these platforms rely heavily on surface-bound reactive groups to covalently tether antibodies to solid substrates; however, this strategy is hindered by a lack of orientation control over antibody immobilization. Here, we report a mild electrophilic phenylsulfonate (tosylate) ester-containing boronic acid affinity ligand for attaching antibodies to glass slides. A high level of antibody coupling located near the Fc region of the boronated antibody complex could be achieved by the proximal nucleophilic amino acid driven substitution reaction at the phenylsulfonate center. This enabled the full-length antibodies to be permanently tethered onto surfaces in an oriented manner. The advantages of this strategy were demonstrated through the individual and multiplex detection of protein and serum biomarkers. This strategy not only confers stability to the immobilized antibodies but also presents a different direction for the irreversible attachment of antibodies to solid supports in an orientation-controlled way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jhen Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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5
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Mnich ME, van Dalen R, van Sorge NM. C-Type Lectin Receptors in Host Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:309. [PMID: 32733813 PMCID: PMC7358460 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are present throughout the human body—in tissues, at barrier sites and in the circulation. They are critical for processing external signals to instruct both local and systemic responses toward immune tolerance or immune defense. APCs express an extensive repertoire of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect and transduce these signals. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) comprise a subfamily of PRRs dedicated to sensing glycans, including those expressed by commensal and pathogenic bacteria. This review summarizes recent findings on the recognition of and responses to bacteria by membrane-expressed CLRs on different APC subsets, which are discussed according to the primary site of infection. Many CLR-bacterial interactions promote bacterial clearance, whereas other interactions are exploited by bacteria to enhance their pathogenic potential. The discrimination between protective and virulence-enhancing interactions is essential to understand which interactions to target with new prophylactic or treatment strategies. CLRs are also densely concentrated at APC dendrites that sample the environment across intact barrier sites. This suggests an–as yet–underappreciated role for CLR-mediated recognition of microbiota-produced glycans in maintaining tolerance at barrier sites. In addition to providing a concise overview of identified CLR-bacteria interactions, we discuss the main challenges and potential solutions for the identification of new CLR-bacterial interactions, including those with commensal bacteria, and for in-depth structure-function studies on CLR-bacterial glycan interactions. Finally, we highlight the necessity for more relevant tissue-specific in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo models to develop therapeutic applications in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata E Mnich
- Medical Microbiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Rob van Dalen
- Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nina M van Sorge
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Iijima M, Yamada Y, Nakayama T, Kuroda S. Enhanced sugar chain detection by oriented immobilization of Fc-fused lectins. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1775-1779. [PMID: 32475227 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1773757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel scaffold for clustering and oriented immobilization of human IgG1 Fc-fused lectins on biosensors without chemical modifications. This approach uses a bio-nanocapsule (BNC) displaying a tandem form of IgG Fc-binding Z domains derived from Staphylococcus aureus protein A (ZZ-BNC). Incorporating ZZ-BNC effectively increased both the sensitivity and sugar chain-binding capacity compared with the condition without ZZ-BNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Iijima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakayama
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Safety, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture , Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Wang YT, Wu N, Yang T, Wang JH. Unusual Selective Response to Glycoprotein over Sugar Facilitates Ultrafast Universal Fluorescent Immunoassay of Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5540-5545. [PMID: 32141734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used in clinical diagnostics. However, conventional ELISA is labor-intensive and lengthy. Herein, the sensitive detection of biomarkers with only one-step incubation of 20 min is demonstrated, based on antibody-fused, boronic-acid-decorated carbon nitride nanosheets. The decoration of carbon nitride nanosheets with boronic acid facilitates antibody binding at physiological conditions along with a concomitant fluorescence enhancement. The presence of target antigen results in a decrement of the fluorescence and ensures one-step immunofluorescent detection. The immune recognition of the antibody/target antigen in combination with glucose blocking ensures a highly selective assay of the biomarkers. The protocol is validated by the assay of nonglycoprotein, glycoprotein, and small-molecular-toxin targets. The multiplex target detection capability is demonstrated by the simultaneous assay of the triple cardiac biomarker cTnI, Mb, and CK-MB in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Na Wu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
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8
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Fan CY, Hou YR, Adak AK, Waniwan JT, Dela Rosa MAC, Low PY, Angata T, Hwang KC, Chen YJ, Lin CC. Boronate affinity-based photoactivatable magnetic nanoparticles for the oriented and irreversible conjugation of Fc-fused lectins and antibodies. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8600-8609. [PMID: 31803435 PMCID: PMC6844280 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01613a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of immuno-magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the selective capture, enrichment, and separation of specific glycoproteins from complicated biological samples is appealing for the discovery of disease biomarkers. Herein, MNPs were designed and anchored with abundant boronic acid (BA) and photoreactive alkyl diazirine (Diaz) functional groups to obtain permanently tethered Fc-fused Siglec-2 and antiserum amyloid A (SAA) mAb with the assistance of reversible boronate affinity and UV light activation in an orientation-controlled manner. The Siglec-2-Fc-functionalized MNPs showed excellent stability in fetal bovine serum (FBS) and excellent efficiency in the extraction of cell membrane glycoproteins. The anti-SAA mAb-functionalized MNPs maintained active Ab orientation and preserved antigen recognition capability in biological samples. Thus, the BA-Diaz-based strategy holds promise for the immobilization of glycoproteins, such as antibodies, with the original protein binding activity maintained, which can provide better enrichment for the sensitive detection of target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yo Fan
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan .
| | - Yi-Ren Hou
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan .
| | - Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan .
| | | | | | - Penk Yeir Low
- Institute of Biological Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan .
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan .
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu , Taiwan .
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , Hsinchu , Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry , Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
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9
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Orientation Control of the Molecular Recognition Layer for Improved Sensitivity: a Review. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-019-3103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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10
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Effective Construction of a High-Capacity Boronic Acid Layer on a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Chip for High-Density Antibody Immobilization. SENSORS 2018; 19:s19010028. [PMID: 30577674 PMCID: PMC6339082 DOI: 10.3390/s19010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Boronic acids (BAs) provide strong potential in orientation immobilization of antibody and the modification method is crucial for efficiency optimization. A highly effective method has been developed for rapid antibody immobilization on gold electrodes through the electrodeposition of a BA–containing linker in this study. Aniline-based BA forms a condense layer while antibody could automatically immobilize on the surface of the electrode. Compare to traditional self-assembled monolayer method, the electrodeposition process dramatically reduces the modification time from days to seconds. It also enhances the immobilized efficiency from 95 to 408 (ng/cm2) with a strong preference being exhibited for shorter aniline-based linkers.
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11
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Juang DS, Lin CH, Huo YR, Tang CY, Cheng CR, Wu HS, Huang SF, Kalnitsky A, Lin CC. Proton-ELISA: Electrochemical immunoassay on a dual-gated ISFET array. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:175-182. [PMID: 29902633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here we report an electrochemical immunoassay platform called Proton-ELISA (H-ELISA) for the detection of bioanalytes. H-ELISA uniquely utilizes protons as an immunoassay detection medium, generated by the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) coupled with Fenton's reagent in a proton amplification reaction cascade that results in a highly amplified signal. A proton-sensitive dual-gated ion-sensitive field effect transistor (DG-ISFET) sensor was also developed for sensitive and accurate detection of the proton signal in H-ELISA. The DG-ISFET sensor comprises of a 128 × 128 array of 16,384 sensing transistors each with an individually addressable back gate to allow for a very high signal throughput and improved accuracy. We then demonstrated that the platform could detect C-reactive protein and immunoglobulin E down to concentrations of 12.5 and 125 pg/mL, respectively. We further showed that the platform is compatible with complex biological sample conditions such as human serum, suggesting that the platform is sufficiently robust for potential diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duane S Juang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Lin
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, 8, Li-Hsin Rd. 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ren Huo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Tang
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ren Cheng
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, 8, Li-Hsin Rd. 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Shu Wu
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, 8, Li-Hsin Rd. 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Fen Huang
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, 8, Li-Hsin Rd. 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - Alexander Kalnitsky
- Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, 8, Li-Hsin Rd. 6, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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12
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Hong SH, Kim S, Park JP, Shin M, Kim K, Ryu JH, Lee H. Dynamic Bonds between Boronic Acid and Alginate: Hydrogels with Stretchable, Self-Healing, Stimuli-Responsive, Remoldable, and Adhesive Properties. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2053-2061. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, South Korea
| | - Sunjin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, South Korea
| | - Joseph P. Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, South Korea
| | - Mikyung Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, South Korea
| | - Keumyeon Kim
- R&D Center InnoTherapy Inc. 25, Sonyou 13th Rd, High-tech CityII Suite #2019, Youngdeungpo-Gu 07282, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Ryu
- Department of Carbon Fusion Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Haeshin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305−701, South Korea
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13
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Oriented Antibody Immobilization and Immunoassay Based on Boronic Acid-containing Polymer Brush. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Fabrication of a protein microarray by fluorous-fluorous interactions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7053. [PMID: 28765646 PMCID: PMC5539298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorous-modified surfaces have emerged as a powerful tool for the immobilization of fluorous-tagged biomolecules based on their specificity and the strength of fluorous-fluorous interactions. To fabricate a fluorous-based protein microarray, we designed two strategies for site-specific modification of proteins with a fluorous tag: attaching the fluorous tag to the C-termini of expressed proteins by native chemical ligation (NCL) or to the Fc domain of antibodies through boronic acid (BA)-diol interactions. The perfluoro-tagged proteins could be easily purified by fluorous-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and immobilized on a fluorous chip with minimal non-specific adsorption. Importantly, proteins immobilized on the solid support through non-covalent fluorous-fluorous interactions were sufficiently stable to withstand continuous washing. We believe that this fluorous-fluorous immobilization strategy will be a highly valuable tool in protein microarray fabrication.
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15
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Zhang X, Zhang S, Baek SJ, Best MD. A Boronic Acid Assay for the Detection of Mucin-1 Glycoprotein from Cancer Cells. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1578-1582. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tennessee; 1420 Circle Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Shiqiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tennessee; 2407 River Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction; College of Veterinary Medicine and; Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Michael D. Best
- Department of Chemistry; University of Tennessee; 1420 Circle Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA
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16
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Fabrication of Carbohydrate Microarrays by Boronate Formation. Methods Mol Biol 2016. [PMID: 27873199 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6584-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The interactions between soluble carbohydrates and/or surface displayed glycans and protein receptors are essential to many biological processes and cellular recognition events. Carbohydrate microarrays provide opportunities for high-throughput quantitative analysis of carbohydrate-protein interactions. Over the past decade, various techniques have been implemented for immobilizing glycans on solid surfaces in a microarray format. Herein, we describe a detailed protocol for fabricating carbohydrate microarrays that capitalizes on the intrinsic reactivity of boronic acid toward carbohydrates to form stable boronate diesters. A large variety of unprotected carbohydrates ranging in structure from simple disaccharides and trisaccharides to considerably more complex human milk and blood group (oligo)saccharides have been covalently immobilized in a single step on glass slides, which were derivatized with high-affinity boronic acid ligands. The immobilized ligands in these microarrays maintain the receptor-binding activities including those of lectins and antibodies according to the structures of their pendant carbohydrates for rapid analysis of a number of carbohydrate-recognition events within 30 h. This method facilitates the direct construction of otherwise difficult to obtain carbohydrate microarrays from underivatized glycans.
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17
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Behnam MAM, Sundermann TR, Klein CD. Solid Phase Synthesis of C-Terminal Boronic Acid Peptides. Org Lett 2016; 18:2016-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mira A. M. Behnam
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tom R. Sundermann
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian D. Klein
- Medicinal Chemistry, Institute
of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Bio-nanocapsule-based scaffold improves the sensitivity and ligand-binding capacity of mammalian receptors on the sensor chip. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:805-13. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Syed P, Gidwani K, Kekki H, Leivo J, Pettersson K, Lamminmäki U. Role of lectin microarrays in cancer diagnosis. Proteomics 2016; 16:1257-65. [PMID: 26841254 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The majority of cell differentiation associated tumor markers reported to date are either glycoproteins or glycolipids. Despite there being a large number of glycoproteins reported as candidate markers for various cancers, only a handful are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Lectins, which bind to the glycan part of the glycoproteins, can be exploited to identify aberrant glycosylation patterns, which in turn would help in enhancing the specificity of cancer diagnosis. Although conventional techniques such as HPLC and MS have been instrumental in performing the glycomic analyses, these techniques lack multiplexity. Lectin microarrays have proved to be useful in studying multiple lectin-glycan interactions in a single experiment and, with the advances made in the field, hold a promise of enabling glycomic profiling of cancers in a fast and efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Syed
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Kamlesh Gidwani
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Henna Kekki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Janne Leivo
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Kim Pettersson
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Urpo Lamminmäki
- Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turun yliopisto, Finland
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20
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Liu Y, Yu J. Oriented immobilization of proteins on solid supports for use in biosensors and biochips: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Koniev O, Wagner A. Developments and recent advancements in the field of endogenous amino acid selective bond forming reactions for bioconjugation. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5495-551. [PMID: 26000775 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00048c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation methodologies have proven to play a central enabling role in the recent development of biotherapeutics and chemical biology approaches. Recent endeavours in these fields shed light on unprecedented chemical challenges to attain bioselectivity, biocompatibility, and biostability required by modern applications. In this review the current developments in various techniques of selective bond forming reactions of proteins and peptides were highlighted. The utility of each endogenous amino acid-selective conjugation methodology in the fields of biology and protein science has been surveyed with emphasis on the most relevant among reported transformations; selectivity and practical use have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Koniev
- Laboratory of Functional Chemo-Systems (UMR 7199), Labex Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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22
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Tkac J, Bertok T, Nahalka J, Gemeiner P. Perspectives in glycomics and lectin engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1200:421-45. [PMID: 25117256 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1292-6_37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This chapter would like to provide a short survey of the most promising concepts applied recently in analysis of glycoproteins based on lectins. The first part describes the most exciting analytical approaches used in the field of glycoprofiling based on integration of nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, or nanochannels or using novel transducing platforms allowing to detect very low levels of glycoproteins in a label-free mode of operation. The second part describes application of recombinant lectins containing several tags applied for oriented and ordered immobilization of lectins. Besides already established concepts of glycoprofiling several novel aspects, which we think will be taken into account for future, more robust glycan analysis, are described including modified lectins, peptide lectin aptamers, and DNA aptamers with lectin-like specificity introduced by modified nucleotides. The last part of the chapter describes a novel concept of a glycocodon, which can lead to a better understanding of glycan-lectin interaction and for design of novel lectins with unknown specificities and/or better affinities toward glycan target or for rational design of peptide lectin aptamers or DNA aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia
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23
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Fabrication of Highly Stable Glyco-Gold Nanoparticles and Development of a Glyco-Gold Nanoparticle-Based Oriented Immobilized Antibody Microarray for Lectin (GOAL) Assay. Chemistry 2015; 21:3956-67. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Li RQ, Song HQ, Xu FJ. PGMA-based starlike polycations with flanking phenylboronic acid groups for highly efficient multifunctional gene delivery systems. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00819k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple strategy to prepare starlike PGMA-based vectors with phenylboronic acid groups was proposed for multifunctional gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology)
| | - Hai-Qing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology)
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology)
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25
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Song L, Zhao J, Luan S, Ma J, Ming W, Yin J. High-efficiency immunoassay platforms with controllable surface roughness and oriented antibody immobilization. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7499-7502. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01164g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High-efficiency immunoassay platforms were facilely prepared by combining a layer-by-layer particle deposition with site-specific antibody immobilization through boronic acid moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Georgia Southern University
- Statesboro
- USA
| | - Shifang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Weihua Ming
- Department of Chemistry
- Georgia Southern University
- Statesboro
- USA
| | - Jinghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
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26
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Kluková L, Bertók T, Kasák P, Tkac J. Nanoscale controlled architecture for development of ultrasensitive lectin biosensors applicable in glycomics. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2014; 6:4922-4931. [PMID: 27231486 PMCID: PMC4878709 DOI: 10.1039/c4ay00495g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this Minireview the most advanced patterning protocols and transducing schemes for development of ultrasensitive label-free and label-based lectin biosensors for glycoprofiling of disease markers and some cancerous cells are described. Performance of such lectin biosensors with interfacial properties tuned at a nanoscale are critically compared to the most sensitive immunoassay format of analysis and challenges ahead in the field are discussed. Moreover, key elements for future advances of such devices on the way to enhance robustness and practical applicability of lectin biosensors are revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kluková
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - T Bertók
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - P Kasák
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department for Biomaterial Research, Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovakia
| | - J Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
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27
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Adak AK, Li BY, Huang LD, Lin TW, Chang TC, Hwang KC, Lin CC. Fabrication of antibody microarrays by light-induced covalent and oriented immobilization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:10452-10460. [PMID: 24903424 DOI: 10.1021/am502011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibody microarrays have important applications for the sensitive detection of biologically important target molecules and as biosensors for clinical applications. Microarrays produced by oriented immobilization of antibodies generally have higher antigen-binding capacities than those in which antibodies are immobilized with random orientations. Here, we present a UV photo-cross-linking approach that utilizes boronic acid to achieve oriented immobilization of an antibody on a surface while retaining the antigen-binding activity of the immobilized antibody. A photoactive boronic acid probe was designed and synthesized in which boronic acid provided good affinity and specificity for the recognition of glycan chains on the Fc region of the antibody, enabling covalent tethering to the antibody upon exposure to UV light. Once irradiated with optimal UV exposure (16 mW/cm(2)), significant antibody immobilization on a boronic acid-presenting surface with maximal antigen detection sensitivity in a single step was achieved, thus obviating the necessity of prior antibody modifications. The developed approach is highly modular, as demonstrated by its implementation in sensitive sandwich immunoassays for the protein analytes Ricinus communis agglutinin 120, human prostate-specific antigen, and interleukin-6 with limits of detection of 7.4, 29, and 16 pM, respectively. Furthermore, the present system enabled the detection of multiple analytes in samples without any noticeable cross-reactivities. Antibody coupling via the use of boronic acid and UV light represents a practical, oriented immobilization method with significant implications for the construction of a large array of immunosensors for diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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28
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Huang BY, Yang CK, Liu CP, Liu CY. Stationary phases for the enrichment of glycoproteins and glycopeptides. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2091-107. [PMID: 24729282 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of protein glycosylation is important for biomedical and biopharmaceutical research. Recent advances in LC-MS analysis have enabled the identification of glycosylation sites, the characterisation of glycan structures and the identification and quantification of glycoproteins and glycopeptides. However, this type of analysis remains challenging due to the low abundance of glycopeptides in complex protein digests, the microheterogeneity at glycosylation sites, ion suppression effects and the competition for ionisation by co-eluting peptides. Specific sample preparation is necessary for comprehensive and site-specific glycosylation analyses using MS. Therefore, researchers continue to pursue new columns to broaden their applications. The current manuscript covers recent literature published from 2008 to 2013. The stationary phases containing various chemical bonding methods or ligands immobilisation strategies on solid supports that selectively enrich N-linked or sialylated N-glycopeptides are categorised with either physical or chemical modes of binding. These categories include lectin affinity, hydrophilic interactions, boronate affinity, titanium dioxide affinity, hydrazide chemistry and other separation techniques. This review should aid in better understanding the syntheses and physicochemical properties of each type of stationary phases for enriching glycoproteins and glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Wu J, Zhu J, Yin H, Buckanovich RJ, Lubman DM. Analysis of glycan variation on glycoproteins from serum by the reverse lectin-based ELISA assay. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:2197-204. [PMID: 24575722 PMCID: PMC3993964 DOI: 10.1021/pr401061c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Altered
glycosylation in glycoproteins is associated with carcinogenesis,
and certain glycan structures and glycoproteins are well-known markers
for tumor progression. To identify potential diagnostic candidate
markers, we have developed a novel method for analysis of glycosylation
changes of glycoproteins from crude serum samples using lectin-based
glycoprotein capture followed by detection with biotin/HRP-conjugated
antibodies. The amount of lectin coated on the microplate well was
optimized to achieve low background and improved S/N compared with
current lectin ELISA methods. In the presence of competing sugars
of lectin AAL or with sialic acid removed from the glycoproteins,
we confirmed that this method specifically detects glycosylation changes
of proteins rather than protein abundance variation. Using our reverse
lectin-based ELISA assay, increased fucosylated haptoglobin was observed
in sera of patients with ovarian cancer, while the protein level of
haptoglobin remained the same between cancers and noncases. The combination
of fucosylated haptoglobin and CA125 (AUC = 0.88) showed improved
performance for distinguishing stage-III ovarian cancer from noncases
compared with CA125 alone (AUC = 0.86). In differentiating early-stage
ovarian cancer from noncases, fucosylated haptoglobin showed comparable
performance to CA125. The combination of CA125 and fucosylated haptoglobin
resulted in an AUC of 0.855, which outperforms CA125 to distinguish
early-stage cancer from noncases. Our study provides an alternative
method to quantify glycosylation changes of proteins from serum samples,
which will be essential for biomarker discovery and validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- University of Michigan , Department of Surgery, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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30
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Song L, Zhao J, Luan S, Ma J, Liu J, Xu X, Yin J. Fabrication of a detection platform with boronic-acid-containing zwitterionic polymer brush. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:13207-13215. [PMID: 24299274 DOI: 10.1021/am404206v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Development of technologies for biomedical detection platform is critical to meet the global challenges of various disease diagnoses, especially for point-of-use applications. Because of its natural simplicity, effectiveness, and easy repeatability, random covalent-binding technique is widely adopted in antibody immobilization. However, its antigen-binding capacity is relatively low when compared to site-specific immobilization of antibody. Herein, we report that a detection platform modified with boronic acid (BA)-containing sulfobetaine-based polymer brush. Mainly because of the advantage of oriented immobilization of antibody endowed with BA-containing three-dimensional polymer brush architecture, the platform had a high antigen-binding capacity. Notably, nonspecific protein adsorption was also suppressed by the zwitterionic pendants, thus greatly enhanced signal-to-noise (S/N) values for antigen recognition. Furthermore, antibodies captured by BA pendants could be released in dissociation media. This new platform is promising for potential applications in immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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31
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Liao WC, Annie Ho JA. Improved activity of immobilized antibody by paratope orientation controller: probing paratope orientation by electrochemical strategy and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 55:32-8. [PMID: 24355463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical method and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopic analysis are utilized herein to investigate antibody immobilization without and with orientation control for site-positioning paratopes (antigen binding site) of the antibody molecules. Biotin and its antibody were selected in current study as model. Such an approach employed thiophene-3-boronic acid (T3BA) as paratope orientation controller, (i) enabled site orientation of the antibody molecules reducing the hiding of paratopes, and (ii) maintained the activity of the captured antibodies, as confirmed by electrochemical and SPR analysis. Anti-biotin antibody (a glycoprotein) was covalently bound to a self-assembled monolayer of T3BA modified on a nanogold-electrodeposited screen-printed electrode through boronic acid-saccharide interactions, with the boronic acid units specifically binding to the glycosylation sites of the antibody molecules. The immunosensor functioned based on competition between the analyte biotin and biotin-tagged, potassium hexacyanoferrate(II)-encapsulated liposomes. The current signal produced by the released liposomal Fe(CN)6(4-), measured using square wave voltammetry, yielded a sigmoidally shaped dose-response curve that was linear over eight orders of magnitude (from 10(-11) to 10(-3)M). Furthermore this biosensing system fabricated based on T3BA approach was found to possess significantly improved sensitivity, and the limit of detection toward biotin was calculated as 0.102 ng mL(-1) (equivalent to 6 μL of 4.19 × 10(-10)M biotin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ching Liao
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ja-An Annie Ho
- BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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32
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Wang X, Xia N, Liu L. Boronic Acid-based approach for separation and immobilization of glycoproteins and its application in sensing. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:20890-912. [PMID: 24141187 PMCID: PMC3821649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141020890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoproteins influence a broad spectrum of biological processes including cell-cell interaction, host-pathogen interaction, or protection of proteins against proteolytic degradation. The analysis of their glyco-structures and concentration levels are increasingly important in diagnosis and proteomics. Boronic acids can covalently react with cis-diols in the oligosaccharide chains of glycoproteins to form five- or six-membered cyclic esters. Based on this interaction, boronic acid-based ligands and materials have attracted much attention in both chemistry and biology as the recognition motif for enrichment and chemo/biosensing of glycoproteins in recent years. In this work, we reviewed the progress in the separation, immobilization and detection of glycoproteins with boronic acid-functionalized materials and addressed its application in sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, Henan, China; E-Mails: (X.W.); (L.L.)
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33
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Lu YW, Chien CW, Lin PC, Huang LD, Chen CY, Wu SW, Han CL, Khoo KH, Lin CC, Chen YJ. BAD-lectins: boronic acid-decorated lectins with enhanced binding affinity for the selective enrichment of glycoproteins. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8268-76. [PMID: 23895469 DOI: 10.1021/ac401581u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The weak and variable binding affinities exhibited by lectin-carbohydrate interactions have often compromised the practical utility of lectin in capturing glycoproteins for glycoproteomic applications. We report here the development and applications of a new type of hybrid biomaterial, namely a boronic acid-decorated lectin (BAD-lectin), for efficient bifunctional glycoprotein labeling and enrichment. Our binding studies showed an enhanced affinity by BAD-lectin, likely to be mediated via the formation of boronate ester linkages between the lectin and glycan subsequent to the initial recognition process and thus preserving its glycan-specificity. Moreover, when attached to magnetic nanoparticles (BAD-lectin@MNPs), 2 to 60-fold improvement on detection sensitivity and enrichment efficiency for specific glycoproteins was observed over the independent use of either lectin or BA. Tested at the level of whole cell lysates for glycoproteomic applications, three different types of BAD-lectin@MNPs exhibited excellent specificities with only 6% overlapping among the 295 N-linked glycopeptides identified. As many as 236 N-linked glycopeptides (80%) were uniquely identified by one of the BAD-lectin@MNPs. These results indicated that the enhanced glycan-selective recognition and binding affinity of BAD-lectin@MNPs will facilitate a complementary identification of the under-explored glycoproteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300-71, Taiwan
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34
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Seo JS, Lee S, Poulter CD. Regioselective covalent immobilization of recombinant antibody-binding proteins A, G, and L for construction of antibody arrays. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:8973-80. [PMID: 23746333 PMCID: PMC3716362 DOI: 10.1021/ja402447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized antibodies are useful for the detection of antigens in highly sensitive microarray diagnostic applications. Arrays with the antibodies attached regioselectively in a uniform orientation are typically more sensitive than those with random orientations. Direct regioselective immobilization of antibodies on a solid support typically requires a modified form of the protein. We now report a general approach for the regioselective attachment of antibodies to a surface using truncated forms of antibody-binding proteins A, G, and L that retain the structural motifs required for antibody binding. The recombinant proteins have a C-terminal CVIX protein farnesyltransferase recognition motif that allows us to append a bioorthogonal azide or alkyne moiety and use the Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition to attach the binding proteins to a suitably modified glass surface. This approach offers several advantages. The recombinant antibody-binding proteins are produced in Escherichia coli, chemoselectively modified posttranslationally in the cell-free homogenate, and directly attached to the glass surface without the need for purification at any stage of the process. Complexes between immobilized recombinant proteins A, G, and L and their respective strongly bound antibodies were stable to repeated washing with PBST buffer at pH 7.2. However, the antibodies could be stripped from the slides by treatment with 0.1 M glycine·HCl buffer, pH 2.6, for 30 min and regenerated by shaking with PBS buffer, pH 7.2, at 4 °C overnight. The recombinant forms of proteins A, G, and L can be used separately or in combination to give glass surfaces capable of binding a wide variety of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-soo Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
| | | | - C. Dale Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112
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35
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Wang X, Matei E, Deng L, Koharudin L, Gronenborn AM, Ramström O, Yan M. Sensing lectin-glycan interactions using lectin super-microarrays and glycans labeled with dye-doped silica nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 47:258-64. [PMID: 23584388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new microarray platform, based on lectin super-microarrays and glycans labeled with dye-doped nanoparticles, has been developed to study glycan-lectin interactions. Glycan ligands were conjugated onto fluorescein-doped silica nanoparticles (FSNPs) using a general photocoupling chemistry to afford FSNP-labeled glycan probes. Lectins were printed on epoxy slides in duplicate sets to generate lectin super-microarrays where multiple assays could be carried out simultaneously in each lectin microarray. Thus, the lectin super-microarray was treated with FSNP-labeled glycans to screen for specific binding pairs. Furthermore, a series of ligand competition assays were carried out on a single lectin super-microarray to generate the dose-response curve for each glycan-lectin pair, from which the apparent affinity constants were obtained. Results showed 4-7 orders of magnitude increase in affinity over the free glycans with the corresponding lectins. Thus, the glycan epitope structures having weaker affinity than the parent glycans could be readily identified and analyzed from the lectin super-microarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR, 97207-0751, USA
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36
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Yang HH, Lu KH, Lin YF, Tsai SH, Chakraborty S, Zhai WJ, Tai DF. Depletion of albumin and immunoglobulin G from human serum using epitope-imprinted polymers as artificial antibodies. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:1935-42. [PMID: 23225785 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Serum is a readily available source for noninvasive studies in clinical research, but it contains abundant proteins such as albumin and immunoglobulin G that can hinder the presence of low-abundant proteins as well as decrease sample loading capacity of analytical methods. Therefore, depletion of these two proteins is required to observe low-abundance serum proteins. Molecularly imprinted polymers are template-induced artificial antibodies with the ability to recognize and selectively bind the target molecule. In this study, artificial albumin and immunoglobulin G antibodies were developed by using two epitopes of human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G as templates. Acrylic acid, acrylamide, and N-acryl tyramine were the corresponding monomers; N,N'-ethylene bisacrylamide served as a cross-linker, and cellulosic fibers were used as a supporting matrix. The adsorption capacity of these artificial antibodies was 15.2 mg, 10 mg, and 15 μL per gram for human serum albumin, immunoglobulin G, and human serum, respectively. The dissociation constant (Kd ) of these artificial antibodies toward the human serum albumin and immunoglobulin G was 1 μM and 0.6 μM, respectively. The biomimetic properties of these artificial antibodies, coupled with their economical and rapid production, high specificity and their reusability, make them attractive for protein separation and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan; General Education Center, Tzu-Chi College of Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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Yu CC, Kuo YY, Liang CF, Chien WT, Wu HT, Chang TC, Jan FD, Lin CC. Site-Specific Immobilization of Enzymes on Magnetic Nanoparticles and Their Use in Organic Synthesis. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:714-24. [DOI: 10.1021/bc200396r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Fan-Dan Jan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd. Hsinchu, 30013,
Taiwan
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38
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Chen X, Muthoosamy K, Pfisterer A, Neumann B, Weil T. Site-selective lysine modification of native proteins and peptides via kinetically controlled labeling. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:500-8. [PMID: 22339664 DOI: 10.1021/bc200556n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective modification of the proteins RNase A, lysozyme C, and the peptide hormone somatostatin is presented via a kinetically controlled labeling approach. A single lysine residue on the surface of these biomolecules reacts with an activated biotinylation reagent at mild conditions, physiological pH, and at RT in a high yield of over 90%. In addition, fast reaction speed, quick and easy purification, as well as low reaction temperatures are particularly attractive for labeling sensitive peptides and proteins. Furthermore, the multifunctional bioorthogonal bioconjugation reagent (19) has been achieved allowing the site-selective incorporation of a single ethynyl group. The introduced ethynyl group is accessible for, e.g., click chemistry as demonstrated by the reaction of RNase A with azidocoumarin. The approach reported herein is fast, less labor-intensive and minimizes the risk for protein misfolding. Kinetically controlled labeling offers a high potential for addressing a broad range of native proteins and peptides in a site-selective fashion and complements the portfolio of recombinant techniques or chemoenzymatic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Chien W, Liang C, Yu C, Lin JH, Wu H, Lin C. Glucose 1‐Phosphate Thymidylyltransferase in the Synthesis of Uridine 5′‐Diphosphate Galactose and its Application in the Synthesis ofN‐Acetyllactosamine. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Ting Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
| | - Chien‐Fu Liang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
| | - Ching‐Ching Yu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
| | - Jian‐ Hong Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
| | - Haung‐Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
| | - Chun‐Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Sec. 2, Kuang Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China, Fax: +(886)‐3‐571‐1082; phone: (+886)‐3‐575‐3147
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40
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41
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Hsiao HY, Chen ML, Wu HT, Huang LD, Chien WT, Yu CC, Jan FD, Sahabuddin S, Chang TC, Lin CC. Fabrication of carbohydrate microarrays through boronate formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:1187-9. [PMID: 21109869 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward method for fabricating a stable and covalent carbohydrate microarray based on boronate formation between the hydroxyl groups of carbohydrate and boronic acid (BA) on the glass surface was used to identify carbohydrate-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yi Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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42
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Katrlík J, Svitel J, Gemeiner P, Kozár T, Tkac J. Glycan and lectin microarrays for glycomics and medicinal applications. Med Res Rev 2010; 30:394-418. [PMID: 20099267 DOI: 10.1002/med.20195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three different array formats to study a challenging field of glycomics are presented here, based on the use of a panel of immobilized glycan or lectins, and on in silico computational approach. Glycan and lectin arrays are routinely used in combination with other analytical tools to decipher a complex nature of glycan-mediated recognition responsible for signal transduction of a broad range of biological processes. Fundamental aspects of the glycan and lectin array technology are discussed, with the focus on the choice and availability of the biorecognition elements, fabrication protocols, and detection platforms involved. Moreover, practical applications of both technologies especially in the field of clinical diagnostics are provided. The future potential of a complementary in silico array technology to reveal details of the protein-glycan-binding profiles is discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Katrlík
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Center for Glycomics, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Tai DF, Jhang MH, Chen GY, Wang SC, Lu KH, Lee YD, Liu HT. Epitope-Cavities Generated by Molecularly Imprinted Films Measure the Coincident Response to Anthrax Protective Antigen and Its Segments. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2290-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ac9024158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dar-Fu Tai
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Jhang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Der Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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45
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Lin PC, Chen SH, Wang KY, Chen ML, Adak AK, Hwu JRR, Chen YJ, Lin CC. Fabrication of oriented antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoprobes and their immunoaffinity application. Anal Chem 2010; 81:8774-82. [PMID: 19874051 DOI: 10.1021/ac9012122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to fabricate highly active immunoprobes for serum biomarker detection, we report a simple and effective method for site-specific and self-oriented immobilization of antibodies on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Through boronate formation, the carbohydrate moiety within the constant domain, Fc, of the antibody can be specifically and covalently linked to a boronic acid-functionalized MNP (BA@MNP) without hindering the antigen binding domain, Fab. The performance was evaluated by immunoaffinity extraction of multiple serum antigens. Compared with the random immobilization of antibody on a MNP, the antibody self-oriented immunoprobe provides long-term stability (>2 months) and 5-fold extraction efficiency. It also provides 5-fold improved sensitivity at a low nM range (0.4 nM), presumably through enhanced antibody@MNP activity. In addition, false-positive detections arising from nonspecific binding can be completely minimized by effective surface protection using concentration-dependent dextran blocking. Compared with conventional antibody site-specific immobilization through protein G, this new BA-mediated covalent antibody immobilization provides interference-free extraction resulting from noncovalent immobilization of antibody by protein G. The new immunoassay was applied in comparative profiling of serum amyloid P (SAP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum. Our triple immunoassay revealed a distinct pattern among normal patients, patients with cancer, and patients with cardiovascular disease. Using the previously reported quantization capability of the MALDI MS readout, we expect that this site-specific immunonanoprobe-based immunoassay can be highly active, rapid, and accurate in nanodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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46
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Lin C, Hung WT, Chen CH, Fang JM, Yang WB. A new naphthimidazole derivative for saccharide labeling with enhanced sensitivity in mass spectrometry detection. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:85-94. [PMID: 19960495 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of saccharides, including maltoheptose, blood type B antigen, pullulan and the glucan of Ganoderma lucidum, are easily converted into the naphthimidazole (NAIM) derivatives in high yields by the iodine-promoted oxidative condensation. The NAIM-labeled saccharides, without further purification, show enhanced signals in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). The combined use of NAIM derivatization and MALDI-TOFMS analysis thus provides a rapid method for identification of saccharides even in less than 1 pmol of saccharide in the sample. Characterization of the biologically active saccharides and complex polysaccharides is also achieved through the NAIM-derivatization method. This study can be further applied to facilitate the isolation and analysis of novel saccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchi Lin
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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47
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Hsu TL, Cheng SC, Yang WB, Chin SW, Chen BH, Huang MT, Hsieh SL, Wong CH. Profiling carbohydrate-receptor interaction with recombinant innate immunity receptor-Fc fusion proteins. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:34479-89. [PMID: 19837675 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.065961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recognition of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes is controlled by host immune cells, which are equipped with many innate immunity receptors, such as Toll-like receptors, C-type lectin receptors, and immunoglobulin-like receptors. Our studies indicate that the immune modulating properties of many herbal drugs, for instance, the medicinal fungus Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) and Cordyceps sinensis, could be attributed to their polysaccharide components. These polysaccharides specifically interact with and activate surface receptors involved in innate immunity. However, due to the complexity of polysaccharides and their various sources from medicinal fungi, quantitative analysis of medicinal polysaccharide extracts with regard to their functions represents a major challenge. To profile carbohydrate-immune receptor interactions, the extracellular domains of 17 receptors were cloned as Fc-fusion proteins, such that their interactions with immobilized polysaccharides could be probed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results show that several innate immune receptors, including Dectin-1, DC-SIGN, Langerin, Kupffer cell receptor, macrophage mannose receptor, TLR2, and TLR4, interact with the polysaccharide extracts from G. lucidum (GLPS). This analysis revealed distinct polysaccharide profiles from different sources of medicinal fungi, and the innate immune receptor-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay described here can serve as a high-throughput profiling method for the characterization and quality control of medicinal polysaccharides. It also provides a means to dissect the molecular mechanism of medicinal polysaccharide-induced immunomodulation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsui-Ling Hsu
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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48
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Sweet tasting chips: microarray-based analysis of glycans. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2009; 13:427-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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