1
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Evangelista JL, Kay MS. BracketMaker: Visualization and optimization of chemical protein synthesis. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5174. [PMID: 39276022 PMCID: PMC11401056 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Chemical protein synthesis (CPS), in which custom peptide segments of ~20-60 aa are produced by solid-phase peptide synthesis and then stitched together through sequential ligation reactions, is an increasingly popular technique. The workflow of CPS is often depicted with a "bracket" style diagram detailing the starting segments and the order of all ligation, desulfurization, and/or deprotection steps to obtain the product protein. Brackets are invaluable tools for comparing multiple possible synthetic approaches and serve as blueprints throughout a synthesis. Drawing CPS brackets by hand or in standard graphics software, however, is a painstaking and error-prone process. Furthermore, the CPS field lacks a standard bracket format, making side-by-side comparisons difficult. To address these problems, we developed BracketMaker, an open-source Python program with built-in graphic user interface (GUI) for the rapid creation and analysis of CPS brackets. BracketMaker contains a custom graphics engine which converts a text string (a protein sequence annotated with reaction steps, introduced herein as a standardized format for brackets) into a high-quality vector or PNG image. To aid with new syntheses, BracketMaker's "AutoBracket" tool automatically performs retrosynthetic analysis on a set of segments to draft and rank all possible ligation orders using standard native chemical ligation, protection, and desulfurization techniques. AutoBracket, in conjunction with an improved version of our previously reported Automated Ligator (Aligator) program, provides a pipeline to rapidly develop synthesis plans for a given protein sequence. We demonstrate the application of both programs to develop a blueprint for 65 proteins of the minimal Escherichia coli ribosome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael S. Kay
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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2
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Liao P, He C. Azole reagents enabled ligation of peptide acyl pyrazoles for chemical protein synthesis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7965-7974. [PMID: 38817582 PMCID: PMC11134319 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06697e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) has been playing an increasingly important role in chemical protein synthesis (CPS). More efficient ligation methods that circumvent the requirement of a peptidyl thioester and thiol additive-which allow the following desulfurization or refolding in one pot-are urgently needed for the synthesis of more complex protein targets and in large quantities. Herein, we discover that the weak acyl donor peptidyl N-acyl pyrazole can be activated by azole reagents like 3-methylpyrazole or imidazole to facilitate its ligation directly with an N-terminal cysteine peptide. As it requires no thioester or thiol additive, this ligation strategy can be conveniently combined with metal-free desulfurization (MFD) or oxidative protein folding to allow various one-pot protocols. The utility and generality of the strategy are showcased by the total synthesis of ubiquitin via an N-to-C sequential ligation-MFD strategy, the semi-synthesis of the copper protein azurin, and the efficient assembly of a sulfated hirudin variant and the cyclotide kalata B1, all in a one-pot fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisi Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Chunmao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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3
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Lander AJ, Jin Y, Luk LYP. D-Peptide and D-Protein Technology: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200537. [PMID: 36278392 PMCID: PMC10805118 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Total chemical protein synthesis provides access to entire D-protein enantiomers enabling unique applications in molecular biology, structural biology, and bioactive compound discovery. Key enzymes involved in the central dogma of molecular biology have been prepared in their D-enantiomeric forms facilitating the development of mirror-image life. Crystallization of a racemic mixture of L- and D-protein enantiomers provides access to high-resolution X-ray structures of polypeptides. Additionally, D-enantiomers of protein drug targets can be used in mirror-image phage display allowing discovery of non-proteolytic D-peptide ligands as lead candidates. This review discusses the unique applications of D-proteins including the synthetic challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Lander
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Yi Jin
- Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyThe University of ManchesterManchesterM1 7DNUK
| | - Louis Y. P. Luk
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
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4
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O-GlcNAcylation modulates liquid–liquid phase separation of SynGAP/PSD-95. Nat Chem 2022; 14:831-840. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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5
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Guan I, Williams K, Liu JST, Liu X. Synthetic Thiol and Selenol Derived Amino Acids for Expanding the Scope of Chemical Protein Synthesis. Front Chem 2022; 9:826764. [PMID: 35237567 PMCID: PMC8883728 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.826764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells employ post-translational modifications (PTMs) as key mechanisms to expand proteome diversity beyond the inherent limitations of a concise genome. The ability to incorporate post-translationally modified amino acids into protein targets via chemical ligation of peptide fragments has enabled the access to homogeneous proteins bearing discrete PTM patterns and empowered functional elucidation of individual modification sites. Native chemical ligation (NCL) represents a powerful and robust means for convergent assembly of two homogeneous, unprotected peptides bearing an N-terminal cysteine residue and a C-terminal thioester, respectively. The subsequent discovery that protein cysteine residues can be chemoselectively desulfurized to alanine has ignited tremendous interest in preparing unnatural thiol-derived variants of proteogenic amino acids for chemical protein synthesis following the ligation-desulfurization logic. Recently, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine, together with other selenyl derivatives of amino acids, have been shown to facilitate ultrafast ligation with peptidyl selenoesters, while the advancement in deselenization chemistry has provided reliable bio-orthogonality to PTMs and other amino acids. The combination of these ligation techniques and desulfurization/deselenization chemistries has led to streamlined synthesis of multiple structurally-complex, post-translationally modified proteins. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest chemical synthesis of thiolated and selenylated amino-acid building blocks and exemplify their important roles in conquering challenging protein targets with distinct PTM patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guan
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kayla Williams
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna Shu Ting Liu
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xuyu Liu
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Xuyu Liu,
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6
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Zhang G, Ren X, Liang X, Wang Y, Feng D, Zhang Y, Xian M, Zou H. Improving the Microbial Production of Amino Acids: From Conventional Approaches to Recent Trends. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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7
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Erickson PW, Fulcher JM, Spaltenstein P, Kay MS. Traceless Click-Assisted Native Chemical Ligation Enabled by Protecting Dibenzocyclooctyne from Acid-Mediated Rearrangement with Copper(I). Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2233-2244. [PMID: 34619957 PMCID: PMC9769386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The scope of proteins accessible to total chemical synthesis via native chemical ligation (NCL) is often limited by slow ligation kinetics. Here we describe Click-Assisted NCL (CAN), in which peptides are incorporated with traceless "helping hand" lysine linkers that enable addition of dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) and azide handles. The resulting strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) increases their effective concentration to greatly accelerate ligations. We demonstrate that copper(I) protects DBCO from acid-mediated rearrangement during acidic peptide cleavage, enabling direct production of DBCO synthetic peptides. Excitingly, triazole-linked model peptides ligated rapidly and accumulated little side product due to the fast reaction time. Using the E. coli ribosomal subunit L32 as a model protein, we further demonstrate that SPAAC, ligation, desulfurization, and linker cleavage steps can be performed in one pot. CAN is a useful method for overcoming challenging ligations involving sterically hindered junctions. Additionally, CAN is anticipated to be an important stepping stone toward a multisegment, one-pot, templated ligation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. Erickson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James M. Fulcher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Paul Spaltenstein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Michael S. Kay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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8
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Kambanis L, Chisholm TS, Kulkarni SS, Payne RJ. Rapid one-pot iterative diselenide-selenoester ligation using a novel coumarin-based photolabile protecting group. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10014-10021. [PMID: 34349969 PMCID: PMC8317654 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02781f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an iterative one-pot peptide ligation strategy is described that capitalises on the rapid and efficient nature of the diselenide–selenoester ligation reaction, together with photodeselenisation chemistry. This ligation strategy hinged on the development of a novel photolabile protecting group for the side chain of selenocysteine, namely the 7-diethylamino-3-methyl coumarin (DEAMC) moiety. Deprotection of this DEAMC group can be effected in a mild, reagent-free manner using visible light (λ = 450 nm) without deleterious deselenisation of selenocysteine residues, thus enabling a subsequent ligation reaction without purification. The use of this DEAMC-protected selenocysteine in iterative DSL chemistry is highlighted through the efficient one-pot syntheses of 60- and 80-residue fragments of mucin-1 as well as apolipoprotein CIII in just 2–4 hours. A method for the rapid one-pot iterative assembly of proteins via diselenide–selenoester ligation (DSL) chemistry is described that capitalises on a novel coumarin-based photolabile protecting group for selenocysteine.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kambanis
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Timothy S Chisholm
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Sameer S Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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9
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Groenevelt JM, Corey DJ, Fehl C. Chemical Synthesis and Biological Applications of O-GlcNAcylated Peptides and Proteins. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1854-1870. [PMID: 33450137 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
All human cells use O-GlcNAc protein modifications (O-linked N-acetylglucosamine) to rapidly adapt to changing nutrient and stress conditions through signaling, epigenetic, and proteostasis mechanisms. A key challenge for biologists in defining precise roles for specific O-GlcNAc sites is synthetic access to homogenous isoforms of O-GlcNAc proteins, a result of the non-genetically templated, transient, and heterogeneous nature of O-GlcNAc modifications. Toward a solution, this review details the state of the art of two strategies for O-GlcNAc protein modification: advances in "bottom-up" O-GlcNAc peptide synthesis and direct "top-down" installation of O-GlcNAc on full proteins. We also describe key applications of synthetic O-GlcNAc peptide and protein tools as therapeutics, biophysical structure-function studies, biomarkers, and as disease mechanistic probes to advance translational O-GlcNAc biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Groenevelt
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Daniel J Corey
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Charlie Fehl
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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10
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Pineda-Castañeda HM, Insuasty-Cepeda DS, Niño-Ramírez VA, Curtidor H, Rivera-Monroy ZJ. Designing Short Peptides: A Sisyphean Task? CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200910094034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, short peptides have become a powerful tool in basic and
applied research, with different uses like diagnostic, antimicrobial peptides, human health
promoters or bioactive peptides, therapeutic treatments, templates for peptidomimetic design,
and peptide-based vaccines. In this endeavor, different approaches and technologies
have been explored, such as bioinformatics, large-scale peptide synthesis, omics sciences,
structure-activity relationship studies, and a biophysical approach, among others, seeking to
obtain the shortest sequence with the best activity. The advantage of short peptides lies in
their stability, ease of production, safety, and low cost. There are many strategies for designing
short peptides with biomedical and industrial applications (targeting the structure, length,
charge, or polarity) or as a starting point for improving their properties (sequence data base,
de novo sequences, templates, or organic scaffolds). In peptide design, it is necessary to keep in mind factors
such as the application (peptidomimetic, immunogen, antimicrobial, bioactive, or protein-protein interaction
inhibitor), the expected target (membrane cell, nucleus, receptor proteins, or immune system), and particular
characteristics (shorter, conformationally constrained, cycled, charged, flexible, polymerized, or pseudopeptides).
This review summarizes the different synthetic approaches and strategies used to design new peptide analogs,
highlighting the achievements, constraints, and advantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Víctor A. Niño-Ramírez
- Chemistry Department, Sciences Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Zuly J. Rivera-Monroy
- Chemistry Department, Sciences Faculty, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
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11
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Pan B, Rhoades E, Petersson EJ. Chemoenzymatic Semisynthesis of Phosphorylated α-Synuclein Enables Identification of a Bidirectional Effect on Fibril Formation. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:640-645. [PMID: 32065743 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) impact the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein (αS), a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we synthesize αS phosphorylated at tyrosine 39 (pY39) through a novel route using in vitro enzymatic phosphorylation of a fragment followed by ligation to form the full-length protein. We can execute this synthesis in combination with unnatural amino acid mutagenesis to include two fluorescent labels for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies. We determine the effect of pY39 on the aggregation of αS and compare our authentically phosphorylated material to the corresponding glutamate 39 "phosphomimetic." Intriguingly, we find that αS-pY39 can either accelerate or decelerate aggregation, depending on the fraction of phosphorylated protein. The αS-E39 mutant can qualitatively reproduce some, but not all, of these effects. FRET measurements and analysis of existing structures of αS help to provide an explanation for this phenomenon. Our results have important implications for the treatment of PD patients with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and highlight the importance of validating phosphomimetics through studies of authentic PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyan Pan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - E. James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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12
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Chang H, Zheng W, Zhu D, Xie H. DFT study on C-S bond dissociation enthalpies of thiol-derived peptide models. J Sulphur Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2020.1740224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Chang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danfeng Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Kato Y, Kuroda T, Huang Y, Ohta R, Goto Y, Suga H. Chemoenzymatic Posttranslational Modification Reactions for the Synthesis of Ψ[CH 2NH]‐Containing Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuharu Kato
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Risa Ohta
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yuki Goto
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- JST-PRESTO The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- JST-CREST The University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
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14
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Highly Precise Protein Semisynthesis through Ligation-Desulfurization Chemistry in Combination with Phenacyl Protection of Native Cysteines. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2133:343-358. [PMID: 32144676 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0434-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Semisynthesis of proteins via expressed protein ligation is a powerful tool to furnish full-length proteins carrying site-specific (posttranslational) modifications. The development of various β-mercapto amino acid building blocks coupled with ligation-desulfurization chemistry enabled further advances in this methodology by alleviating the need for cysteine residues at the desired ligation sites. However, this expansion in the availability of viable ligation sites is sometimes counterbalanced by the inadvertent desulfurization of unprotected native cysteines, which might be of structural and/or functional importance. Here, we provide a detailed protocol for using the cysteine-selective protecting group phenacyl (PAc) to achieve precise protein semisynthesis preserving native cysteine residues. The PAc group can be easily installed on cysteine(s) within recombinantly produced protein thioesters, withstands standard ligation, desulfurization and reversed phase HPLC conditions, and can be smoothly removed. We have previously demonstrated the utility of this protecting group through the semisynthesis of two model proteins, human small heat shock protein Hsp27 and Prion protein, in which one or two native cysteines, respectively, were maintained through the ligation-desulfurization sequence.
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15
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Wang X, Corcilius L, Premdjee B, Payne RJ. Synthesis and Utility of β-Selenophenylalanine and β-Selenoleucine in Diselenide–Selenoester Ligation. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1567-1578. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Leo Corcilius
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Bhavesh Premdjee
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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16
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Kato Y, Kuroda T, Huang Y, Ohta R, Goto Y, Suga H. Chemoenzymatic Posttranslational Modification Reactions for the Synthesis of Ψ[CH 2 NH]-Containing Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:684-688. [PMID: 31622000 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Ψ[CH2 NH] reduced amide bond is a peptide isostere widely used in the development of bioactive pseudopeptides. Reported here is a method of chemoenzymatic posttranslational modification for the synthesis of Ψ[CH2 NH]-containing peptides converted from ribosomally expressed peptides. The posttranslational conversion composed of an enzymatic cyclodehydration and facile two-step chemical reduction achieves deoxygenation of a specific amide bond present in a nonprotected peptide in water. This method generates the Ψ[CH2 NH] bond in peptides and is applicable to various peptide sequences, potentially enabling the preparation of a library of Ψ[CH2 NH]-containing peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuharu Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Risa Ohta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuki Goto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,JST-PRESTO, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,JST-CREST, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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17
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Jing X, Jin K. A gold mine for drug discovery: Strategies to develop cyclic peptides into therapies. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:753-810. [PMID: 31599007 DOI: 10.1002/med.21639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a versatile therapeutic modality, peptides attract much attention because of their great binding affinity, low toxicity, and the capability of targeting traditionally "undruggable" protein surfaces. However, the deficiency of cell permeability and metabolic stability always limits the success of in vitro bioactive peptides as drug candidates. Peptide macrocyclization is one of the most established strategies to overcome these limitations. Over the past decades, more than 40 cyclic peptide drugs have been clinically approved, the vast majority of which are derived from natural products. The de novo discovered cyclic peptides on the basis of rational design and in vitro evolution, have also enabled the binding with targets for which nature provides no solutions. The current review summarizes different classes of cyclic peptides with diverse biological activities, and presents an overview of various approaches to develop cyclic peptide-based drug candidates, drawing upon series of examples to illustrate each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshu Jing
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kang Jin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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18
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Wang S, Thopate YA, Zhou Q, Wang P. Chemical Protein Synthesis by Native Chemical Ligation and Variations Thereof. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Yogesh Abaso Thopate
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240 China
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19
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Chow HY, Zhang Y, Matheson E, Li X. Ligation Technologies for the Synthesis of Cyclic Peptides. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9971-10001. [PMID: 31318534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides have been attracting a lot of attention in recent decades, especially in the area of drug discovery, as more and more naturally occurring cyclic peptides with diverse biological activities have been discovered. Chemical synthesis of cyclic peptides is essential when studying their structure-activity relationships. Conventional peptide cyclization methods via direct coupling have inherent limitations, like the susceptibility to epimerization at the C-terminus, poor solubility of fully protected peptide precursors, and low yield caused by oligomerization. In this regard, chemoselective ligation-mediated cyclization methods have emerged as effective strategies for cyclic peptide synthesis. The toolbox for cyclic peptide synthesis has been expanded substantially in the past two decades, allowing more efficient synthesis of cyclic peptides with various scaffolds and modifications. This Review will explore different chemoselective ligation technologies used for cyclic peptide synthesis that generate both native and unnatural peptide linkages. The practical issues and limitations of different methods will be discussed. The advance in cyclic peptide synthesis will benefit the biological and medicinal study of cyclic peptides, an important class of macrocycles with potentials in numerous fields, notably in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Yee Chow
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Eilidh Matheson
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9LE , United Kingdom
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , P. R. China
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20
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Agouridas V, El Mahdi O, Diemer V, Cargoët M, Monbaliu JCM, Melnyk O. Native Chemical Ligation and Extended Methods: Mechanisms, Catalysis, Scope, and Limitations. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7328-7443. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Agouridas
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ouafâa El Mahdi
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Taza, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, BP 1223 Taza Gare, Morocco
| | - Vincent Diemer
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Cargoët
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Christophe M. Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Building B6a, Room 3/16a, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- UMR CNRS 8204, Centre d’Immunité et d’Infection de Lille, University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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21
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Jin K, Li X. Advances in Native Chemical Ligation-Desulfurization: A Powerful Strategy for Peptide and Protein Synthesis. Chemistry 2018; 24:17397-17404. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Jin
- Department of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry; State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong P. R. China
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22
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Chisholm TS, Clayton D, Dowman LJ, Sayers J, Payne RJ. Native Chemical Ligation-Photodesulfurization in Flow. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9020-9024. [PMID: 29792427 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) combined with desulfurization chemistry has revolutionized the way in which large polypeptides and proteins are accessed by chemical synthesis. Herein, we outline the use of flow chemistry for the ligation-based assembly of polypeptides. We also describe the development of a novel photodesulfurization transformation that, when coupled with flow NCL, enables efficient access to native polypeptides on time scales up to 2 orders of magnitude faster than current batch NCL-desulfurization methods. The power of the new ligation-photodesulfurization flow platform is showcased through the rapid synthesis of the 36 residue clinically approved HIV entry inhibitor enfuvirtide and the peptide diagnostic agent somatorelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Chisholm
- School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Daniel Clayton
- School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Luke J Dowman
- School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Jessica Sayers
- School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry , The University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
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23
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Watson EE, Liu X, Thompson RE, Ripoll-Rozada J, Wu M, Alwis I, Gori A, Loh CT, Parker BL, Otting G, Jackson S, Pereira PJ, Payne RJ. Mosquito-Derived Anophelin Sulfoproteins Are Potent Antithrombotics. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:468-476. [PMID: 29721529 PMCID: PMC5920608 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The anophelins are small protein thrombin inhibitors that are produced in the salivary glands of the Anopheles mosquito to fulfill a vital role in blood feeding. A bioinformatic analysis of anophelin sequences revealed the presence of conserved tyrosine residues in an acidic environment that were predicted to be post-translationally sulfated in vivo. To test this prediction, insect cell expression of two anophelin proteins, from Anopheles albimanus and Anopheles gambiae, was performed, followed by analysis by mass spectrometry, which showed heterogeneous sulfation at the predicted sites. Homogeneously sulfated variants of the two proteins were subsequently generated by chemical synthesis via a one-pot ligation-desulfurization strategy. Tyrosine sulfation of the anophelins was shown to significantly enhance the thrombin inhibitory activity, with a doubly sulfated variant of the anophelin from A. albimanus exhibiting a 100-fold increase in potency compared with the unmodified homologue. Sulfated anophelins were also shown to exhibit potent in vivo anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma E. Watson
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Xuyu Liu
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Robert E. Thompson
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jorge Ripoll-Rozada
- IBMC
− Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do
Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mike Wu
- Heart
Research Institute, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Imala Alwis
- Heart
Research Institute, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alessandro Gori
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Choy-Theng Loh
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Benjamin L. Parker
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gottfried Otting
- Research
School of Chemistry, Australian National
University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Shaun Jackson
- Heart
Research Institute, Newtown, New South Wales 2042, Australia
- Charles
Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Department
of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pedro José
Barbosa Pereira
- IBMC
− Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do
Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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24
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Abstract
Exciting new technological developments have pushed the boundaries of structural biology, and have enabled studies of biological macromolecules and assemblies that would have been unthinkable not long ago. Yet, the enhanced capabilities of structural biologists to pry into the complex molecular world have also placed new demands on the abilities of protein engineers to reproduce this complexity into the test tube. With this challenge in mind, we review the contents of the modern molecular engineering toolbox that allow the manipulation of proteins in a site-specific and chemically well-defined fashion. Thus, we cover concepts related to the modification of cysteines and other natural amino acids, native chemical ligation, intein and sortase-based approaches, amber suppression, as well as chemical and enzymatic bio-conjugation strategies. We also describe how these tools can be used to aid methodology development in X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance, cryo-electron microscopy and in the studies of dynamic interactions. It is our hope that this monograph will inspire structural biologists and protein engineers alike to apply these tools to novel systems, and to enhance and broaden their scope to meet the outstanding challenges in understanding the molecular basis of cellular processes and disease.
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25
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Wang Y, Han L, Yuan N, Wang H, Li H, Liu J, Chen H, Zhang Q, Dong S. Traceless β-mercaptan-assisted activation of valinyl benzimidazolinones in peptide ligations. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1940-1946. [PMID: 29675240 PMCID: PMC5892131 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl thioesters or their surrogates with C-terminal β-branched hydrophobic amino acid residues usually exhibit poor reactivities in ligation reactions. Thus, activation using exogenous additives is required to ensure an acceptable reaction efficiency. Herein, we report a traceless ligation at Val-Xaa sites under mild thiol additive-free reaction conditions, whereby the introduction of β-mercaptan on the C-terminal valine residue effectively activates the otherwise unreactive N-acyl-benzimidazolinone (Nbz), and enables the use of a one-pot ligation-desulfurization strategy to generate the desired peptide products. The orthogonality between β-thiovaline-Nbz and a conventional alkyl thioester, as well as the convenient access to the former from readily available penicillamine, also allowed expedited assembly of the peptidic hormone β-LPH and hPTH analogues, based on a kinetically controlled one-pot three-segment ligation and desulfurization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Lin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Ning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Hanxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Jinrong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany , Albany , New York 12222 , USA .
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany , Albany , New York 12222 , USA .
| | - Suwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100191 , China .
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26
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Loibl SF, Dallmann A, Hennig K, Juds C, Seitz O. Features of Auxiliaries That Enable Native Chemical Ligation beyond Glycine and Cleavage via Radical Fragmentation. Chemistry 2018; 24:3623-3633. [PMID: 29334413 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) is an invaluable tool in the total chemical synthesis of proteins. Ligation auxiliaries overcome the requirement for cysteine. However, the reported auxiliaries remained limited to glycine-containing ligation sites and the acidic conditions applied for cleavage of the typically applied N-benzyl-type linkages promote side reactions. With the aim to improve upon both ligation and cleavage, we systematically investigated alternative ligation scaffolds that challenge the N-benzyl dogma. The study revealed that auxiliary-mediated peptide couplings are fastest when the ligation proceeds via 5-membered rather than 6-membered rings. Substituents in α-position of the amine shall be avoided. We observed, perhaps surprisingly, that additional β-substituents accelerated the ligation conferred by the β-mercaptoethyl scaffold. We also describe a potentially general means to remove ligation auxiliaries by treatment with an aqueous solution of triscarboxyethylphosphine (TCEP) and morpholine at pH 8.5. NMR analysis of a 13 C-labeled auxiliary showed that cleavage most likely proceeds through a radical-triggered oxidative fragmentation. High ligation rates provided by β-substituted 2-mercaptoethyl scaffolds, their facile introduction as well as the mildness of the cleavage reaction are attractive features for protein synthesis beyond cysteine and glycine ligation sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F Loibl
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andre Dallmann
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathleen Hennig
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carmen Juds
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Seitz
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Qi YK, Tang S, Huang YC, Pan M, Zheng JS, Liu L. Hmb(off/on) as a switchable thiol protecting group for native chemical ligation. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:4194-8. [PMID: 27102373 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00450d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new thiol protecting group Hmb(off/on) is described, which has a switchable activity that may be useful in the chemical synthesis of proteins. When placed on the side chain of Cys, Cys(Hmb(off)) is stable to trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the process of solid-phase peptide synthesis. When Cys(Hmb(off)) is treated with neutral aqueous buffers, it is cleanly converted to acid-labile Cys(Hmb(on)), which can later be fully deprotected by TFA to generate free Cys. The utility of Cys(Hmb(off/on)) is demonstrated by the chemical synthesis of an erythropoietin segment, EPO[Cys(98)-Arg(166)]-OH through native chemical ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kun Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. and High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Shan Tang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yi-Chao Huang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Man Pan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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28
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Chaffey PK, Guan X, Li Y, Tan Z. Using Chemical Synthesis To Study and Apply Protein Glycosylation. Biochemistry 2018; 57:413-428. [PMID: 29309128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications and can influence many properties of proteins. Abnormal protein glycosylation can lead to protein malfunction and serious disease. While appreciation of glycosylation's importance is growing in the scientific community, especially in recent years, a lack of homogeneous glycoproteins with well-defined glycan structures has made it difficult to understand the correlation between the structure of glycoproteins and their properties at a quantitative level. This has been a significant limitation on rational applications of glycosylation and on optimizing glycoprotein properties. Through the extraordinary efforts of chemists, it is now feasible to use chemical synthesis to produce collections of homogeneous glycoforms with systematic variations in amino acid sequence, glycosidic linkage, anomeric configuration, and glycan structure. Such a technical advance has greatly facilitated the study and application of protein glycosylation. This Perspective highlights some representative work in this research area, with the goal of inspiring and encouraging more scientists to pursue the glycosciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick K Chaffey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Yaohao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Zhongping Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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29
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Xin BT, van Tol BDM, Ovaa H, Geurink PP. Native chemical ligation at methionine bioisostere norleucine allows for N-terminal chemical protein ligation. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:6306-6315. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01627e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
γ-Thionorleucine is synthesized and used for N-terminal chemical protein modification by native chemical ligation–desulfurization to prepare linear diubiquitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Tao Xin
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology
- Leiden University Medical Center
- 2333 ZC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Bianca D. M. van Tol
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology
- Leiden University Medical Center
- 2333 ZC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Huib Ovaa
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology
- Leiden University Medical Center
- 2333 ZC Leiden
- The Netherlands
| | - Paul P. Geurink
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology
- Leiden University Medical Center
- 2333 ZC Leiden
- The Netherlands
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30
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Bajaj K, Agarwal DS, Sakhuja R, Pillai GG. Aziridine based electrophilic handle for aspartic acid ligation. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4311-4319. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00676h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot ligation strategy at aspartic acid junction has been described by incorporating aziridin-2,3-dicarboxylate to the N-side of a peptide fragment that ligates with a variety of small peptide thio acids to afford native peptides in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333031
- India
| | - Devesh S. Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333031
- India
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333031
- India
| | - Girinath G. Pillai
- Computational Chemistry Division
- Zastra Innovations Pvt. Ltd
- Bengaluru 560043
- India
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31
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An N-protection free ligation of the peptide thioester and the peptide with an N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxyamino group at its N-terminus. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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32
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Dardashti RN, Metanis N. Revisiting ligation at selenomethionine: Insights into native chemical ligation at selenocysteine and homoselenocysteine. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4983-4989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Burke HM, McSweeney L, Scanlan EM. Exploring chemoselective S-to-N acyl transfer reactions in synthesis and chemical biology. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15655. [PMID: 28537277 PMCID: PMC5458133 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
S -to-N acyl transfer is a high-yielding chemoselective process for amide bond formation. It is widely utilized by chemists for synthetic applications, including peptide and protein synthesis, chemical modification of proteins, protein-protein ligation and the development of probes and molecular machines. Recent advances in our understanding of S -to-N acyl transfer processes in biology and innovations in methodology for thioester formation and desulfurization, together with an extension of the size of cyclic transition states, have expanded the boundaries of this process well beyond peptide ligation. As the field develops, this chemistry will play a central role in our molecular understanding of Biology. The conversion of thioesters to amides via acyl transfer has become one of the most important synthetic techniques for the chemical synthesis and modification of proteins. This review discusses this S-to-N acyl transfer process, and highlights some of the key applications across chemistry and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Burke
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
| | | | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
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34
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Mitchell NJ, Sayers J, Kulkarni SS, Clayton D, Goldys AM, Ripoll-Rozada J, Barbosa Pereira PJ, Chan B, Radom L, Payne RJ. Accelerated Protein Synthesis via One-Pot Ligation-Deselenization Chemistry. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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35
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Adhikary R, Zimmermann J, Romesberg FE. Transparent Window Vibrational Probes for the Characterization of Proteins With High Structural and Temporal Resolution. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1927-1969. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Adhikary
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Jörg Zimmermann
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Floyd E. Romesberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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36
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Chai H, Le Mai Hoang K, Vu MD, Pasunooti K, Liu CF, Liu XW. N
-Linked Glycosyl Auxiliary-Mediated Native Chemical Ligation on Aspartic Acid: Application towards N
-Glycopeptide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chai
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kim Le Mai Hoang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Minh Duy Vu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kalyan Pasunooti
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 60 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Chuan-Fa Liu
- School of Biological Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 60 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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37
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Chai H, Le Mai Hoang K, Vu MD, Pasunooti K, Liu CF, Liu XW. N-Linked Glycosyl Auxiliary-Mediated Native Chemical Ligation on Aspartic Acid: Application towards N-Glycopeptide Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10363-7. [PMID: 27444333 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A practical approach towards N-glycopeptide synthesis using an auxiliary-mediated dual native chemical ligation (NCL) has been developed. The first NCL connects an N-linked glycosyl auxiliary to the thioester side chain of an N-terminal aspartate oligopeptide. This intermediate undergoes a second NCL with a C-terminal thioester oligopeptide. Mild cleavage provides the desired N-glycopeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chai
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Kim Le Mai Hoang
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Minh Duy Vu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Kalyan Pasunooti
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Chuan-Fa Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Xue-Wei Liu
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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38
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Wang YJ, Szantai-Kis DM, Petersson EJ. Chemoselective modifications for the traceless ligation of thioamide-containing peptides and proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6262-9. [PMID: 27264841 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Thioamides are single-atom substitutions of canonical amide bonds, and have been proven to be versatile and minimally perturbing probes in protein folding studies. Previously, our group showed that thioamides can be incorporated into proteins by native chemical ligation (NCL) with Cys as a ligation handle. In this study, we report the expansion of this strategy into non-Cys ligation sites, utilizing radical initiated desulfurization to "erase" the side chain thiol after ligation. The reaction exhibited high chemoselectivity against thioamides, which can be further enhanced with thioacetamide as a sacrificial scavenger. As a proof-of-concept example, we demonstrated the incorporation of a thioamide probe into a 56 amino acid protein, the B1 domain of Protein G (GB1). Finally, we showed that the method can be extended to β-thiol amino acid analogs and selenocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin J Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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39
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Pasunooti KK, Yang R, Banerjee B, Yap T, Liu CF. 5-Methylisoxazole-3-carboxamide-Directed Palladium-Catalyzed γ-C(sp3)–H Acetoxylation and Application to the Synthesis of γ-Mercapto Amino Acids for Native Chemical Ligation. Org Lett 2016; 18:2696-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Renliang Yang
- School
of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Biplab Banerjee
- School
of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Terence Yap
- School
of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
| | - Chuan-Fa Liu
- School
of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551
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40
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Huang Y, Chen C, Gao S, Wang Y, Xiao H, Wang F, Tian C, Li Y. Synthesis of
l
‐ and
d
‐Ubiquitin by One‐Pot Ligation and Metal‐Free Desulfurization. Chemistry 2016; 22:7623-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Chao Huang
- School of Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology NanKai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Chen Chen
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Chemistry School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Ye‐Hai Wang
- School of Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology NanKai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- School of Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology NanKai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Chemistry School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Chang‐Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Ming Li
- School of Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology NanKai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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41
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Gui Y, Qiu L, Li Y, Li H, Dong S. Internal Activation of Peptidyl Prolyl Thioesters in Native Chemical Ligation. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4890-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gui
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lingqi Qiu
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaohao Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Suwei Dong
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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42
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Gao XF, Du JJ, Liu Z, Guo J. Visible-Light-Induced Specific Desulfurization of Cysteinyl Peptide and Glycopeptide in Aqueous Solution. Org Lett 2016; 18:1166-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Du
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
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43
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Rasale DB, Konda M, Biswas S, Das AK. Controlling Peptide Self-Assembly through a Native Chemical Ligation/Desulfurization Strategy. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:926-35. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dnyaneshwar B. Rasale
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Khandwa Road Indore 452020 India
| | - Maruthi Konda
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Khandwa Road Indore 452020 India
| | - Sagar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Khandwa Road Indore 452020 India
| | - Apurba K. Das
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Indore; Khandwa Road Indore 452020 India
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44
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Wang YJ, Szantai-Kis DM, Petersson EJ. Semi-synthesis of thioamide containing proteins. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:5074-81. [PMID: 25811732 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory has shown that the thioamide, a single atom O-to-S substitution, can be a versatile fluorescence quenching probe that is minimally-perturbing when placed at many locations in a protein sequence. In order to make these and other thioamide experiments applicable to full-sized proteins, we have developed methods for incorporating thioamides by generating thiopeptide fragments through solid phase synthesis and ligating them to protein fragments expressed in E. coli. To install donor fluorophores, we have adapted unnatural amino acid mutagenesis methods, including the generation of new tRNA synthetases for the incorporation of small, intrinsically fluorescent amino acids. We have used a combination of these two methods, as well as chemoenzymatic protein modification, to efficiently install sidechain and backbone modifications to generate proteins labeled with fluorophore/thioamide pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin J Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
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45
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Bajaj K, Sakhuja R, Pillai GG. Traceless reductive ligation at a tryptophan site: a facile access to β-hydroxytryptophan appended peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:9578-9587. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-pot methodology (reduction & O to N migration); synthesis of β-hydroxytryptophan appended native peptides; computational support for the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333031
- India
| | - Rajeev Sakhuja
- Department of Chemistry
- Birla Institute of Technology and Science
- Pilani 333031
- India
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46
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Reddy PS, Dery S, Metanis N. Chemical Synthesis of Proteins with Non-Strategically Placed Cysteines Using Selenazolidine and Selective Deselenization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201509378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Post Sai Reddy
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Shahar Dery
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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47
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Reddy PS, Dery S, Metanis N. Chemical Synthesis of Proteins with Non-Strategically Placed Cysteines Using Selenazolidine and Selective Deselenization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:992-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201509378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Post Sai Reddy
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Shahar Dery
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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48
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Morishita Y, Kaino T, Okamoto R, Izumi M, Kajihara Y. Synthesis of d , l -amino acid derivatives bearing a thiol at the β-position and their enzymatic optical resolution. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Sayers J, Thompson RE, Perry KJ, Malins LR, Payne RJ. Thiazolidine-Protected β-Thiol Asparagine: Applications in One-Pot Ligation–Desulfurization Chemistry. Org Lett 2015; 17:4902-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sayers
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Robert E. Thompson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Kristen J. Perry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Lara R. Malins
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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50
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Malins LR, Mitchell NJ, McGowan S, Payne RJ. Oxidative Deselenization of Selenocysteine: Applications for Programmed Ligation at Serine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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