1
|
Wu Z, Boyer C. Near-Infrared Light-Induced Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization: Expanding Frontiers in Photopolymerization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304942. [PMID: 37750445 PMCID: PMC10667859 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced reversible deactivation radical polymerization (photo-RDRP) or photoinduced controlled/living radical polymerization has emerged as a versatile and powerful technique for preparing functional and advanced polymer materials under mild conditions by harnessing light energy. While UV and visible light (λ = 400-700 nm) are extensively employed in photo-RDRP, the utilization of near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths (λ = 700-2500 nm) beyond the visible region remains relatively unexplored. NIR light possesses unique properties, including enhanced light penetration, reduced light scattering, and low biomolecule absorption, thereby providing opportunities for applying photo-RDRP in the fields of manufacturing and medicine. This comprehensive review categorizes all known NIR light-induced RDRP (NIR-RDRP) systems into four mechanism-based types: mediation by upconversion nanoparticles, mediation by photocatalysts, photothermal conversion, and two-photon absorption. The distinct photoinitiation pathways associated with each mechanism are discussed. Furthermore, this review highlights the diverse applications of NIR-RDRP reported to date, including 3D printing, polymer brush fabrication, drug delivery, nanoparticle synthesis, and hydrogel formation. By presenting these applications, the review underscores the exceptional capabilities of NIR-RDRP and offers guidance for developing high-performance and versatile photopolymerization systems. Exploiting the unique properties of NIR light unlocks new opportunities for synthesizing functional and advanced polymer materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Wu
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicineSchool of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Nitroxides, also known as nitroxyl radicals, are long-lived or stable radicals with the general structure R1R2N-O•. The spin distribution over the nitroxide N and O atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability of these radicals. The presence of bulky N-substituents R1 and R2 prevents nitroxide radical dimerization, ensuring their kinetic stability. Despite their reactivity toward various transient C radicals, some nitroxides can be easily stored under air at room temperature. Furthermore, nitroxides can be oxidized to oxoammonium salts (R1R2N═O+) or reduced to anions (R1R2N-O-), enabling them to act as valuable oxidants or reductants depending on their oxidation state. Therefore, they exhibit interesting reactivity across all three oxidation states. Due to these fascinating properties, nitroxides find extensive applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, materials science, and organic synthesis. This review focuses on the versatile applications of nitroxides in organic synthesis. For their use in other important fields, we will refer to several review articles. The introductory part provides a brief overview of the history of nitroxide chemistry. Subsequently, the key methods for preparing nitroxides are discussed, followed by an examination of their structural diversity and physical properties. The main portion of this review is dedicated to oxidation reactions, wherein parent nitroxides or their corresponding oxoammonium salts serve as active species. It will be demonstrated that various functional groups (such as alcohols, amines, enolates, and alkanes among others) can be efficiently oxidized. These oxidations can be carried out using nitroxides as catalysts in combination with various stoichiometric terminal oxidants. By reducing nitroxides to their corresponding anions, they become effective reducing reagents with intriguing applications in organic synthesis. Nitroxides possess the ability to selectively react with transient radicals, making them useful for terminating radical cascade reactions by forming alkoxyamines. Depending on their structure, alkoxyamines exhibit weak C-O bonds, allowing for the thermal generation of C radicals through reversible C-O bond cleavage. Such thermally generated C radicals can participate in various radical transformations, as discussed toward the end of this review. Furthermore, the application of this strategy in natural product synthesis will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Self-spinning filaments for autonomously linked microfibers. Nat Commun 2023; 14:625. [PMID: 36739283 PMCID: PMC9899204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36355-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamentous bundles are ubiquitous in Nature, achieving highly adaptive functions and structural integrity from assembly of diverse mesoscale supramolecular elements. Engineering routes to synthetic, topologically integrated analogs demands precisely coordinated control of multiple filaments' shapes and positions, a major challenge when performed without complex machinery or labor-intensive processing. Here, we demonstrate a photocreasing design that encodes local curvature and twist into mesoscale polymer filaments, enabling their programmed transformation into target 3-dimensional geometries. Importantly, patterned photocreasing of filament arrays drives autonomous spinning to form linked filament bundles that are highly entangled and structurally robust. In individual filaments, photocreases unlock paths to arbitrary, 3-dimensional curves in space. Collectively, photocrease-mediated bundling establishes a transformative paradigm enabling smart, self-assembled mesostructures that mimic performance-differentiating structures in Nature (e.g., tendon and muscle fiber) and the macro-engineered world (e.g., rope).
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang J, Shi X, Lu H, Yu K, Fu YQ. Self-Toughening and Interfacial Welding of Covalent Adaptable Networks Undergoing Hydro-Chemo-Mechanical Coupling. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150080, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150080, PR China
| | - Haibao Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin150080, PR China
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado80217, United States
| | - Yong-Qing Fu
- Faculty of Engineering and Environment, University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon TyneNE1 8ST, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Spiegel S, Wagner I, Begum S, Schwotzer M, Wessely I, Bräse S, Tsotsalas M. Dynamic Surface Modification of Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles via Alkoxyamine Functional Groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6531-6538. [PMID: 35579436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
External surface engineering of metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF NPs) is emerging as an important design strategy, leading to optimized chemical and colloidal stability. To date, most of the MOF surface modifications have been performed either by physical adsorption or chemical association of small molecules or (preformed) polymers. However, most of the currently employed approaches cannot precisely control the polymer density, and dynamic modifications at the surfaces on demand have been a challenging task. Here, we introduce a general approach based on covalent modification employing alkoxyamines as a versatile tool to modify the outer surface of MOF nanoparticles (NPs). The alkoxyamines serve as initiators to grow polymers from the MOF surface via nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) and allow dynamic attachment of small molecules via a nitroxide exchange reaction (NER). The successful surface modification and successive surface polymerization are confirmed via time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The functionalized MOF NPs exhibit high suspension stability and good dispersibility while retaining their chemical integrity and crystalline structure. In addition, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) studies prove the dynamic exchange of two different nitroxide species via NER and further allow us to quantify the surface modification with high sensitivity. Our results demonstrate that alkoxyamines serve as a versatile tool to dynamically modify the surface of MOF NPs with high precision, allowing us to tailor their properties for a wide range of potential applications, such as drug delivery or mixed matrix membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Spiegel
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ilona Wagner
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Salma Begum
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- 3DMM2O─Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwotzer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Wessely
- 3DMM2O─Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- 3DMM2O─Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Miao Q, Nitsche C, Orton H, Overhand M, Otting G, Ubbink M. Paramagnetic Chemical Probes for Studying Biological Macromolecules. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9571-9642. [PMID: 35084831 PMCID: PMC9136935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paramagnetic chemical probes have been used in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for more than four decades. Recent years witnessed a great increase in the variety of probes for the study of biological macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and oligosaccharides). This Review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing paramagnetic chemical probes, including chemical synthetic approaches, functional properties, and selected applications. Recent developments have seen, in particular, a rapid expansion of the range of lanthanoid probes with anisotropic magnetic susceptibilities for the generation of structural restraints based on residual dipolar couplings and pseudocontact shifts in solution and solid state NMR spectroscopy, mostly for protein studies. Also many new isotropic paramagnetic probes, suitable for NMR measurements of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements, as well as EPR spectroscopic studies (in particular double resonance techniques) have been developed and employed to investigate biological macromolecules. Notwithstanding the large number of reported probes, only few have found broad application and further development of probes for dedicated applications is foreseen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Miao
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
- School
of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an710021, China
| | - Christoph Nitsche
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Henry Orton
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide & Protein Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian
National University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Mark Overhand
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Gottfried Otting
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide & Protein Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian
National University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Marcellus Ubbink
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li R, Elliott WA, Clark RJ, Sutjianto JG, Rioux RM, Palmer JC, Rimer JD. Factors controlling the molecular modification of one-dimensional zeolites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18610-18617. [PMID: 34612398 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02619d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between organic molecules and inorganic materials are ubiquitous in many applications and often play significant roles in directing pathways of crystallization. It is frequently debated whether kinetics or thermodynamics plays a more prominent role in the ability of molecular modifiers to impact crystal nucleation and growth processes. In the case of nanoporous zeolites, approaches in rational design often capitalize on the ability of organics, used as either modifiers or structure-directing agents, to markedly impact the physicochemical properties of zeolites. It has been demonstrated for multiple topologies that modifier-zeolite interactions can alter crystal size and morphology, yet few studies have distinguished the roles of thermodynamics and kinetics. We use a combination of calorimetry and molecular modeling to estimate the binding energies of organics on zeolite surfaces and correlate these results with synthetic trends in crystal morphology. Our findings reveal unexpectedly small energies of interaction for a range of modifiers with two zeolite structures, indicating the effect of organics on zeolite crystal surface free energy is minor and kinetic factors most likely govern growth modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wessely ID, Matt Y, An Q, Bräse S, Tsotsalas M. Dynamic porous organic polymers with tuneable crosslinking degree and porosity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27714-27719. [PMID: 35480662 PMCID: PMC9037787 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) show enormous potential for applications in separation, organic electronics, and biomedicine due to the combination of high porosity, high stability, and ease of functionalisation. However, POPs are usually insoluble and amorphous materials making it very challenging to obtain structural information. Additionally, important parameters such as the exact molecular structure or the crosslinking degree are largely unknown, despite their importance for the final properties of the system. In this work, we introduced the reversible multi-fold nitroxide exchange reaction to the synthesis of POPs to tune and at the same time follow the crosslinking degree in porous polymer materials. We synthesised three different POPs based on the combination of linear, trigonal, and tetrahedral alkoxyamines with a tetrahedral nitroxide. We could show that modulating the equilibrium in the nitroxide exchange reaction, by adding or removing one nitroxide species, leads to changes in the crosslinking degree. Being able to modulate the crosslinking degree in POPs allowed us to investigate both the influence of the crosslinking degree and the structure of the molecular components on the porosity. The crosslinking degree of the frameworks was characterised using EPR spectroscopy and the porosity was determined using argon gas adsorption measurements. To guide the design of POPs for desired applications, our study reveals that multiple factors need to be considered such as the structure of the molecular building blocks, the synthetic conditions, and the crosslinking degree. We synthesised three different POPs via a nitroxide exchange reaction and modulated their crosslinking degree. That allowed us to investigate the influence of the crosslinking degree and the structure of the molecular components on the porosity.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle D Wessely
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Yannick Matt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,3DMM2O - Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Qi An
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,3DMM2O - Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matt Y, Wessely I, Gramespacher L, Tsotsalas M, Bräse S. Rigid Multidimensional Alkoxyamines: A Versatile Building Block Library. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Matt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry – IOC Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- 3DMM2O – Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Isabelle Wessely
- Institute of Organic Chemistry – IOC Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Lisa Gramespacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry – IOC Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Institute of Functional Interfaces – IFG Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry – IOC Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- 3DMM2O – Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – IBCS-FMS Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
In 1986, Rizzardo et al. discovered the nitroxide-mediated polymerization which relies on the reversibility of homolysis of the C-ON bond of alkoxyamine R1R2NOR3, a unique property of these molecules. This discovery has generated a tremendous endeavor in the field of polymer chemistry. Alkoxyamines have been used as initiators/controllers for nitroxide-mediated polymerization. Moreover, photoexcitable alkoxyamines that dissociate under light at different wavelengths have also been developed for polymer chemistry. Over the past few years, alkoxyamines have started to be used in materials sciences. In many cases (e.g., self-healing polymers), the development of smart materials requires the use of smart building blocks, that is, molecules or systems whose properties and/or structures change upon external stimuli. Alkoxyamines exhibit a unique property: reversible homolysis (i.e., homolysis of the C-ON bond into alkyl R3• and nitroxyl R1R2NO• radicals and reformation via the coupling of these two species). Until now, this property has been controlled only by changes in temperatures or by light irradiation. Chemical and/or biochemical control of the homolysis event would open new gates for the application of these molecules in different fields such as biology and medicine. Thus, the concept of smart alkoxyamines is discussed and exemplified via the activation of alkoxyamines using chemical or/and biochemical changes amplifying the polar, steric, and stabilization effects. In situ activation is also discussed. It is shown that (i) increasing the electron-withdrawing properties of the alkyl fragment weakens the C-ON bond and thus favors homolysis but is opposite for the nitroxyl fragment; (ii) increasing the steric hindrance on the nonactive site affords dramatic conformation changes which weaken the C-ON bond; and (iii) increasing the stabilization of the released alkyl radical weakens the C-ON bond. Solvent effects and intramolecular hydrogen bonding are also discussed. Reactions used to highlight our purpose are either reversible or nonreversible and used under conditions that are as mild as possible (temperatures below 40 °C and atmospheric pressure). For example, a several (thousands of millions of) millions of orders of magnitude enhancement of the homolysis rate constant is observed upon enzymatic hydrolysis at 37 °C, meaning that a shift from a stable alkoxyamine (t1/2 = 42 000 milleniums) to a highly labile alkoxyamine (tmax = 1500 s for 35% conversion) is achieved. Applications of this concept are discussed for safe NMP initiators and for theranostic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, Case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille, Cedex
20, France
| | - Sylvain R. A. Marque
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, Case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille, Cedex
20, France
| | - Philippe Mellet
- INSERM, 33076 Bordeaux, Cedex, France
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR 5536 CNRS, Case 93, University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tao J, Li B, Lu Z, Liu J, Su L, Tang Z, Li M, Xu Y. Endowing Zeolite LTA Superballs with the Ability to Manipulate Light in Multiple Ways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Bingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Lina Su
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of Chemistry Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tao J, Li B, Lu Z, Liu J, Su L, Tang Z, Li M, Xu Y. Endowing Zeolite LTA Superballs with the Ability to Manipulate Light in Multiple Ways. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19684-19690. [PMID: 32638505 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Advances in zeolites research emerging from interdisciplinary efforts have opened new opportunities beyond conventional applications. Colloids drive much current research owing to their distinct collective behaviors, but so far, using zeolites as a colloidal building block to construct ordered superstructures remains unexplored. Herein we show that self-assembly of colloidal zeolite LTA superball (ZAS) by tilted-angle sedimentation forms macroscopic films with micro-mesoporosity and 3D long-range periodicity featuring a photonic band gap (PBG) that is tunable through the superball geometry and responds reversibly to chemical vapors. Remarkably, self-assembly of ZAS at elevated temperature forms 3D chiral photonic crystals that enable negative circular dichroism, selective reflection of right-handed circularly polarized (CP) light and left-handed CP luminescence based on PBG. We present a novel class of functional colloids and zeolite-based photonic crystals with the ability to manipulate light in several ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Lina Su
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nanosystem and Hierarchy Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khan A, Ahmed N, Rabnawaz M. Covalent Adaptable Network and Self-Healing Materials: Current Trends and Future Prospects in Sustainability. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2027. [PMID: 32899452 PMCID: PMC7564528 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This work estimates that if the growth of polymer production continues at its current rate of 5% each year, the current annual production of 395 million tons of plastic will exceed 1000 million tons by 2039. Only 9% of the plastics that are currently produced are recycled while most of these materials end up in landfills or leak into oceans, thus creating severe environmental challenges. Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) materials can play a significant role in reducing the burden posed by plastics materials on the environment because CANs are reusable and recyclable. This review is focused on recent research related to CANs of polycarbonates, polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, and polyurea. In particular, trends in self-healing CANs systems, the market value of these materials, as well as mechanistic insights regarding polycarbonates, polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, and polyurea are highlighted in this review. Finally, the challenges and outlook for CANs are described herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muhammad Rabnawaz
- School of Packaging, Michigan State University, 448 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824-1223, USA; (A.K.); (N.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
EPR Spectroscopy: A Powerful Tool to Analyze Supramolecular Host•Guest Complexes of Stable Radicals with Cucurbiturils. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040776. [PMID: 32054033 PMCID: PMC7070855 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable organic free radicals are increasingly studied compounds due to the multiple and unusual properties imparted by the single electron(s). However, being paramagnetic, classical methods such as NMR spectroscopy can hardly be used due to relaxation and line broadening effects. EPR spectroscopy is thus better suited to get information about the immediate surroundings of the single electrons. EPR has enabled obtaining useful data in the context of host•guest chemistry, and a classical example is reported here for the stable (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxo-piperidin-1-yl)oxyl or 4-oxo-TEMPO nitroxide (TEMPONE) inside the macrocycle host cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). Generally and also observed here, a contraction of the spectrum is observed as a result of the reduced nitrogen coupling constant due to inclusion complexation in the hydrophobic cavity of the host. Simulations of EPR spectra allowed determining the corresponding binding constant pointing to a weaker affinity for CB[7], compared to TEMPO with CB[7]. We complement this work by the results of EPR spectroscopy of a biradical: bis-TEMPO-bis-ketal (bTbk) with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). Initial investigations pointed to very weak effects on the spectrum of the guest and incorrectly led us to conclude an absence of binding. However, simulations of EPR spectra combined with NMR data of reduced bTbk allowed showing inclusion complexation. EPR titrations were performed, and the corresponding binding constant was determined. 1H NMR spectra with reduced bTbk suggested a shuttle mechanism, at nearly one equivalent of CB[8], for which the host moves rapidly between two stations.
Collapse
|
15
|
Albalat M, Audran G, Holzritter M, Marque SRA, Mellet P, Vanthuyne N, Voisin P. An enzymatic acetal/hemiacetal conversion for the physiological temperature activation of the alkoxyamine C–ON bond homolysis. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00559b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic trigger. Upon enzymatic hydrolysis by Subtilisin A, highly stable alkoxyamines are transformed into highly labile alkoxyamines able to homolyze spontaneously in less than 500 seconds, at 37 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gérard Audran
- Aix-Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- 13397 Marseille Cedex 20
- France
| | | | | | - Philippe Mellet
- INSERM
- 33076 Bordeaux Cedex
- France
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques
- 33076 Bordeaux Cedex
| | | | - Pierre Voisin
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques
- 33076 Bordeaux Cedex
- France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Goldmann AS, Boase NRB, Michalek L, Blinco JP, Welle A, Barner-Kowollik C. Adaptable and Reprogrammable Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902665. [PMID: 31414512 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Establishing control over chemical reactions on interfaces is a key challenge in contemporary surface and materials science, in particular when introducing well-defined functionalities in a reversible fashion. Reprogrammable, adaptable and functional interfaces require sophisticated chemistries to precisely equip them with specific functionalities having tailored properties. In the last decade, reversible chemistries-both covalent and noncovalent-have paved the way to precision functionalize 2 or 3D structures that provide both spatial and temporal control. A critical literature assessment reveals that methodologies for writing and erasing substrates exist, yet are still far from reaching their full potential. It is thus critical to assess the current status and to identify avenues to overcome the existing limitations. Herein, the current state-of-the-art in the field of reversible chemistry on surfaces is surveyed, while concomitantly identifying the challenges-not only synthetic but also in current surface characterization methods. The potential within reversible chemistry on surfaces to function as true writeable memories devices is identified, and the latest developments in readout technologies are discussed. Finally, we explore how spatial and temporal control over reversible, light-induced chemistries has the potential to drive the future of functional interface design, especially when combined with powerful laser lithographic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja S Goldmann
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Nathan R B Boase
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Lukas Michalek
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - James P Blinco
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Alexander Welle
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Edeleva M, Audran G, Marque S, Bagryanskaya E. Smart Control of Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization Initiators' Reactivity by pH, Complexation with Metals, and Chemical Transformations. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12050688. [PMID: 30813542 PMCID: PMC6427375 DOI: 10.3390/ma12050688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Because alkoxyamines are employed in a number of important applications, such as nitroxide-mediated polymerization, radical chemistry, redox chemistry, and catalysis, research into their reactivity is especially important. Typically, the rate of alkoxyamine homolysis is strongly dependent on temperature. Nonetheless, thermal regulation of such reactions is not always optimal. This review describes various ways to reversibly change the rate of C–ON bond homolysis of alkoxyamines at constant temperature. The major methods influencing C–ON bond homolysis without alteration of temperature are protonation of functional groups in an alkoxyamine, formation of metal–alkoxyamine complexes, and chemical transformation of alkoxyamines. Depending on the structure of an alkoxyamine, these approaches can have a significant effect on the homolysis rate constant, by a factor of up to 30, and can shorten the half-lifetime from days to seconds. These methods open new prospects for the application of alkoxyamines in biology and increase the safety of (and control over) the nitroxide-mediated polymerization method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Edeleva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- National Research University-Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Gerard Audran
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille CEDEX 20, France.
| | - Sylvain Marque
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille CEDEX 20, France.
| | - Elena Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- National Research University-Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Beejapur HA, Zhang Q, Hu K, Zhu L, Wang J, Ye Z. TEMPO in Chemical Transformations: From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b05001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazi Ahmad Beejapur
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Kecheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Biodiesel Laboratory of China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Ye
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1M8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
An Q, Wessely ID, Matt Y, Hassan Z, Bräse S, Tsotsalas M. Recycling and self-healing of dynamic covalent polymer networks with a precisely tuneable crosslinking degree. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01474d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic covalent polymer networks combine intrinsic reversibility with the robustness of covalent bonds, creating chemically stable materials that are responsive to external stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Isabelle D. Wessely
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Yannick Matt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Zahid Hassan
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Calzaferri G. Entropy in multiple equilibria, compounds with different sites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:29070-29084. [PMID: 30452040 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04145h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The influence of entropy in multiple chemical equilibria is investigated for systems with different types of sites for the condition that the binding enthalpy of the species is the same within each type of sites and independent of those species that are already bonded. This allows splitting of the free reaction enthalpy into the particle distribution term and all other contributions for each type of sites separately and, hence, to evaluate this entropy contribution to the free reaction enthalpy. The situations for which this applies can be chemically very different, e.g. acid base, ligand exchange, isomerisation, conformational change, rearrangement of a ligand, ion exchange, adsorption of a species on the surface of a particle or a dendrimer, insertion of charged or neutral species into the cavities of a microporous or mesoporous host. We provide physical insight by discussing Xrc1{n1ABn2}Xrc2 systems. The number of coordination sites A and B are n1 and n2, respectively. The indices rc1 = 1, 2,…,n1 and rc2 = 1, 2,…,n2 count the number of X bonded to sites A and sites B, respectively. An important result is that the large number of equilibrium constants needed to describe those situations can be expressed as a function of two constants only. This allows studying systems quantitatively by experimental and theoretical means which otherwise might be difficult to handle. It has also implication for theoretical studies in the sense that it is sufficient to model only two reactions instead of many in order to describe a system. The results remain valid for systems with more than two types of different sites. The description of the entropy driven development of the fractional equilibrium coverage of the sites provides a new tool for understanding adsorption and ion exchange isotherms. The fractional equilibrium coverage of the sites can be described as a linear combination of individual Langmuir isotherms despite of the fact that such a linear combination has never the shape of the original Langmuir isotherm. This is remarkable and very useful. It provides us with new tools for describing and testing isotherms based on well defined, transparent physical ideas. Explicit solution for systems with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 12 coordination sites are reported. Applications to a system with 12 coordination sites serve to illustrate information that can be obtained for complex situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gion Calzaferri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li R, Linares N, Sutjianto JG, Chawla A, Garcia‐Martinez J, Rimer JD. Ultrasmall Zeolite L Crystals Prepared from Highly Interdispersed Alkali‐Silicate Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Noemi Linares
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Alicante 03690 Alicante Spain
| | - James G. Sutjianto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Aseem Chawla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Javier Garcia‐Martinez
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Alicante 03690 Alicante Spain
| | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li R, Linares N, Sutjianto JG, Chawla A, Garcia‐Martinez J, Rimer JD. Ultrasmall Zeolite L Crystals Prepared from Highly Interdispersed Alkali‐Silicate Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11283-11288. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Noemi Linares
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Alicante 03690 Alicante Spain
| | - James G. Sutjianto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Aseem Chawla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| | - Javier Garcia‐Martinez
- Molecular Nanotechnology Lab Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Alicante 03690 Alicante Spain
| | - Jeffrey D. Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tang B, Li WL, Jiao Y, Lu JB, Xu JF, Wang Z, Li J, Zhang X. A supramolecular radical cation: folding-enhanced electrostatic effect for promoting radical-mediated oxidation. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5015-5020. [PMID: 29938030 PMCID: PMC5994746 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01434e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a supramolecular strategy to promote radical-mediated Fenton oxidation by the rational design of a folded host-guest complex based on cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). In the supramolecular complex between CB[8] and a derivative of 1,4-diketopyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole (DPP), the carbonyl groups of CB[8] and the DPP moiety are brought together through the formation of a folded conformation. In this way, the electrostatic effect of the carbonyl groups of CB[8] is fully applied to highly improve the reactivity of the DPP radical cation, which is the key intermediate of Fenton oxidation. As a result, the Fenton oxidation is extraordinarily accelerated by over 100 times. It is anticipated that this strategy could be applied to other radical reactions and enrich the field of supramolecular radical chemistry in radical polymerization, photocatalysis, and organic radical battery and holds potential in supramolecular catalysis and biocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Wan-Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Yang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Jun-Bo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Jiang-Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering , Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China . ;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Herder M, Lehn JM. The Photodynamic Covalent Bond: Sensitized Alkoxyamines as a Tool To Shift Reaction Networks Out-of-Equilibrium Using Light Energy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7647-7657. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Herder
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Karny A, Zinger A, Kajal A, Shainsky-Roitman J, Schroeder A. Therapeutic nanoparticles penetrate leaves and deliver nutrients to agricultural crops. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7589. [PMID: 29773873 PMCID: PMC5958142 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the world population grows, there is a need for efficient agricultural technologies to provide global food requirements and reduce environmental toll. In medicine, nanoscale drug delivery systems grant improved therapeutic precision by overcoming biological barriers and enhancing drug targeting to diseased tissues. Here, we loaded nanoscale drug-delivery systems with agricultural nutrients, and applied them to the leaves of tomato plants. We show that the nanoparticles – liposomes composed of plant-derived lipids, penetrate the leaf and translocate in a bidirectional manner, distributing to other leaves and to the roots. The liposomes were then internalized by the plant cells, where they released their active ingredient. Up to 33% of the applied nanoparticles penetrated the leaf, compared to less than one percent of free-molecules applied in a similar manner. In our study, tomato plants treated with liposomes loaded with Fe and Mg overcame acute nutrient deficiency which was not treatable using ordinary agricultural nutrients. Furthermore, to address regulatory concerns regarding airborne nanoparticles, we rationally designed liposomes that were stable only over short spraying distances (less than 2 meters), while the liposomes disintegrated into safe molecular building blocks (phospholipids) over longer airborne distances. These findings support expanding the implementation of nanotechnology for delivering micronutrients to agricultural crops for increasing yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avishai Karny
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Assaf Zinger
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Ashima Kajal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Janna Shainsky-Roitman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Avi Schroeder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Audran G, Bikanga R, Brémond P, Edeleva M, Joly JP, Marque SRA, Nkolo P, Roubaud V. How intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) controls the C-ON bond homolysis in alkoxyamines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:8425-8439. [PMID: 28952643 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02223a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent amazing results (Nkolo et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 6167) on the effect of solvents and polarity on the C-ON bond homolysis rate constants kd of alkoxyamine R1R2NOR3 led us to re-investigate the antagonistic effect of intramolecular hydrogen-bonding (IHB) on kd. Here, IHB is investigated both in the nitroxyl fragment R1R2NO and in the alkyl fragment R3, as well as between fragments, that is, the donating group on the alkyl fragment and the accepting group on the nitroxyl fragment, and conversely. It appears that IHB between fragments (inter IHB) strikingly decreases the homolysis rate constant kd, whereas IHB within the fragment (intra IHB) moderately increases kd. For one alkoxyamine, the simultaneous occurrence of IHB within the nitroxyl fragment and between fragments is reported. The protonation effect is weaker in the presence than in the absence of IHB. A moderate solvent effect is also observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Raphael Bikanga
- Laboratoire de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèse Organométalliques Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, B.P. 943 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Paul Brémond
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Mariya Edeleva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Jean-Patrick Joly
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Sylvain R A Marque
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France. and N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Paulin Nkolo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Valérie Roubaud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nkolo P, Audran G, Bikanga R, Brémond P, Marque SRA, Roubaud V. C-ON bond homolysis of alkoxyamines: when too high polarity is detrimental. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6167-6176. [PMID: 28692104 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the last decade, the effect of electron withdrawing groups (EWGs) has been known to play a role - minor or moderate depending on the nitroxyl fragment R1R2NO - in the change in the homolysis rate constant (kd) for C-ON bond homolysis in alkoxyamines (R1R2NOR). It has been shown that the effect of EWGs on kd is described by a linear relationship with the electrical Hammett constant σI. Since then, linear multi-parameter relationships f(σRS,ν,σI) have been developed to account for the effects involved in the changes in kd, which are the stabilization of the released radical (σRS) and the bulkiness (ν) and polarity (σI) of the alkyl fragment. Since a decade ago, new results have been published highlighting the limits of such correlations. In this article, previous multi-parameter linear relationships are amended using a parabolic model, i.e. (σI,nitroxide - σI,alkyl)2, to describe the effect of EWGs in the alkyl fragment on kd. In contrast to previous studies, these improved linear multi-parameter relationships f(σRS,ν,ΔσI2) are able to account for the presence of several EWGs on the alkyl fragment, R. An unexpectedly strong solvent effect - a ca. 1500-fold increase in kd - from tert-butylbenzene to the water/methanol mixture is also observed for 3-((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl)pentane-2,4-dione 1b in comparison to a ca. 5-fold increase in kd that is generally observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulin Nkolo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Raphael Bikanga
- Laboratoire de Substances Naturelles et de Synthèse Organométalliques Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, B.P. 943, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Paul Brémond
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| | - Sylvain R A Marque
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France. and N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valérie Roubaud
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Macroscopic Supramolecular Assembly and Its Applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
29
|
Prescott C, Bottle SE. Biological Relevance of Free Radicals and Nitroxides. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 75:227-240. [PMID: 27709467 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0759-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxides are stable, kinetically-persistent free radicals which have been successfully used in the study and intervention of oxidative stress, a critical issue pertaining to cellular health which results from an imbalance in the levels of damaging free radicals and redox-active species in the cellular environment. This review gives an overview of some of the biological processes that produce radicals and other reactive oxygen species with relevance to oxidative stress, and then discusses interactions of nitroxides with these species in terms of the use of nitroxides as redox-sensitive probes and redox-active therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
30
|
Audran G, Bikanga R, Brémond P, Joly JP, Marque SRA, Nkolo P. Normal, Leveled, and Enhanced Steric Effects in Alkoxyamines Carrying a β-Phosphorylated Nitroxyl Fragment. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5702-5709. [PMID: 28508644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The design of new R1R2NOR3 alkoxyamines for various applications relies on the accurate prediction of two kinetic parameters, the C-ON bond homolysis rate constant (kd) and its re-formation rate constant (kc). Relationships to describe the steric and polar effects of the R1R2NO fragment ruling kd have been developed. For all cyclic nitroxyl fragments, the steric effect is described as the sum of the bulkiness of the R1 and R2 groups (i.e., normal steric effect), while for the noncyclic nitroxyl fragment (except for one case), a leveled steric effect is assumed. In this work, we show that the normal steric effect also applies to noncyclic nitroxyl fragments and that for one case an enhanced steric effect is also observed, i.e., experimental kd >5-fold larger than the predicted value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Raphael Bikanga
- Laboratoire de Substances Naturelles et des Syntheses Organometalliques, Universite des Sciences et Technique de Masuku , B.P. 493, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Paul Brémond
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Jean-Patrick Joly
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Sylvain R A Marque
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France.,N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS , Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Paulin Nkolo
- Aix Marseille Université , CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Audran G, Bagryanskaya E, Bagryanskaya I, Edeleva M, Marque SRA, Parkhomenko D, Tretyakov E, Zhivetyeva S. Zinc(II) Hexafluoroacetylacetonate Complexes of Alkoxyamines: NMR and Kinetic Investigations. First Step for a New Way to Prepare Hybrid Materials. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix Marseille Univ; CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551; Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen 13397 Marseille Cedex 20 France
| | - Elena Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Irina Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Mariya Edeleva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
- Novosibirsk State University; 2 Pirogova Str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Sylvain R. A. Marque
- Aix Marseille Univ; CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, case 551; Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen 13397 Marseille Cedex 20 France
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Dmitriy Parkhomenko
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Evgeny Tretyakov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| | - Svetlana Zhivetyeva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS; Pr. Lavrentjeva 9 Novosibirsk 630090 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Calzaferri G. Entropy in multiple equilibria, theory and applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:10611-10621. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Entropy controls the dependence of the equilibrium constants in the synthesis of host–guest composites on the occupation rc for channels of different length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gion Calzaferri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- 3012 Bern
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Surmiak SK, Doerenkamp C, Selter P, Peterlechner M, Schäfer AH, Eckert H, Studer A. Palladium Nanoparticle Loaded Bifunctional Silica Hybrid Material: Preparation and Applications as Catalyst in Hydrogenation Reactions. Chemistry 2016; 23:6019-6028. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina K. Surmiak
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Carsten Doerenkamp
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Philipp Selter
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Martin Peterlechner
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Institut für Materialphysik; Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10 48149 Münster Germany
| | | | - Hellmut Eckert
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 28/30 48149 Münster Germany
- Instituto de Física em Sao Paulo; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Av. Trabalhador Saocarlense 400 Sao Carlos, S.P. 13560-590 Brazil
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms Universität; Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tabacchi G, Calzaferri G, Fois E. One-dimensional self-assembly of perylene-diimide dyes by unidirectional transit of zeolite channel openings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:11195-8. [PMID: 27484884 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05303c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Confined supramolecular architectures of chromophores are key components in artificial antenna composites for solar energy harvesting and storage. A typical fabrication process, based on the insertion of dye molecules into zeolite channels, is still unknown at the molecular level. We show that slipping of perylene diimide dyes into the one-dimensional channels of zeolite L and travelling inside is only possible because of steric-interaction-induced cooperative vibrational modes of the host and the guest. The funnel-like structure of the channel opening, larger at the entrance, along with a directionally asymmetric entrance-exit probability, ensures a favorable self-assembly process of the perylene units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Tabacchi
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, and INSTM, Via Valleggio 9, I-22100 Como, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cao P, Khorev O, Devaux A, Sägesser L, Kunzmann A, Ecker A, Häner R, Brühwiler D, Calzaferri G, Belser P. Supramolecular Organization of Dye Molecules in Zeolite L Channels: Synthesis, Properties, and Composite Materials. Chemistry 2016; 22:4046-60. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Cao
- Department of Chemistry; University of Fribourg; Ch. du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Oleg Khorev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - André Devaux
- Department of Chemistry; University of Fribourg; Ch. du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Lucie Sägesser
- Institute of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW); 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | | | - Achim Ecker
- Institute of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW); 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Dominik Brühwiler
- Institute of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW); 8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Gion Calzaferri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Peter Belser
- Department of Chemistry; University of Fribourg; Ch. du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wessely I, Mugnaini V, Bihlmeier A, Jeschke G, Bräse S, Tsotsalas M. Radical exchange reaction of multi-spin isoindoline nitroxides followed by EPR spectroscopy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06510d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and exchange reaction of a rigid, isoindoline-functionalized tetraphenylmethane multi-spin system is described. The exchange reaction was followed using EPR spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Wessely
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - V. Mugnaini
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - A. Bihlmeier
- Institute of Physical Chemistry (IPC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - G. Jeschke
- ETH Zurich
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry
- CH-8093 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - S. Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG)
| | - M. Tsotsalas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- D-76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sato T, Ohishi T, Higaki Y, Takahara A, Otsuka H. Radical crossover reactions of alkoxyamine-based dynamic covalent polymer brushes on nanoparticles and the effect on their dispersibility. Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2015.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
38
|
Tabacchi G, Fois E, Calzaferri G. Structure of Nanochannel Entrances in Stopcock-Functionalized Zeolite L Composites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:11112-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
39
|
Tabacchi G, Fois E, Calzaferri G. Structure of Nanochannel Entrances in Stopcock-Functionalized Zeolite L Composites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
40
|
Audran G, Brémond P, Marque SRA. Labile alkoxyamines: past, present, and future. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:7921-8. [PMID: 24817073 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01364f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkoxyamines--per-alkylated derivatives of hydroxylamine R(1)R(2)NO-R(3)--can undergo C-ON bond homolysis to release a persistent nitroxyl radical R(1)R(2)NO˙ and a transient alkyl radical R(3)˙. Although they were considered as an oddity when discovered in 1974, their properties have been extensively studied since the seminal work of Solomon, Rizzardo and Cacioli (Chem. Abstr., 102, 221335q), who patented the key role of alkoxyamines in nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) in 1985. This feature article surveys and assesses the various applications of alkoxyamines: in tin-free radical chemistry, e.g., for the elaboration of carbo- or hetero-cycles, for the development of new reactions, for total synthesis of natural products; in polymerization under thermal conditions (NMP) or photochemical conditions (nitroxide-mediated photo-polymerization, NMP2); and in the design of smart materials. In this feature article, we also describe our recent findings concerning the chemical triggering of the C-ON bond homolysis in alkoxyamines, affording the controlled generation of alkyl radicals at room temperature. Based on these results, we describe herein some new opportunities for applications in the field of smart materials, and of course, some possible developments as new initiators for NMP as well as an entirely new field of application: the use of alkoxyamines as theranostic agents. Indeed, each of the radicals released after homolysis can play an appealing role: the nitroxide, through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), can be used for imagery purposes (diagnostic properties), while the alkyl radical can be used to induce cellular disorders in abnormal cells (therapeutic activity).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Audran
- Aix-Marseille Université CNRS, ICR-UMR 7273, case 551, Avenue Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Buscher T, Barroso Á, Denz C, Studer A. Synthesis and photo-postmodification of zeolite L based polymer brushes. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00425j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zeolite L macroinitiators are used for controlled radical copolymerization of a photo-active monomer and subsequent spin trapping of nitroxides results in diversely functionalized particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Buscher
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Álvaro Barroso
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institute of Applied Physics
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Cornelia Denz
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Institute of Applied Physics
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- Organic Chemistry Institute
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
SATO T, AKAMINE K, TAKAHARA A, OTSUKA H. Macromolecular Design of Alkoxyamine-Containing Radically Reactive Polymers Based on Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2015. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2015-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya SATO
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| | | | - Atsushi TAKAHARA
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Hideyuki OTSUKA
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cheng M, Ju G, Zhang Y, Song M, Zhang Y, Shi F. Supramolecular assembly of macroscopic building blocks through self-propelled locomotion by dissipating chemical energy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3907-3911. [PMID: 24838346 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemical energy supplied by the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 is introduced into macroscopic building blocks, which self-propel, interact with each other, and finally assemble into ordered and advanced structures. The geometry is highly dependent on the way that the catalyst is loaded. The integration of catalyst and building block provides assembling component as well as its energy of motion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering & Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang Distrist, Beijing, 100029, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sato T, Amamoto Y, Ohishi T, Higaki Y, Takahara A, Otsuka H. Radical crossover reactions of a dynamic covalent polymer brush for reversible hydrophilicity control. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
45
|
Cheng M, Liu Q, Xian Y, Shi F. Programmable macroscopic supramolecular assembly through combined molecular recognition and magnetic field-assisted localization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:7572-7578. [PMID: 24712651 DOI: 10.1021/am500910y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic supramolecular assembly is a promising bottom-up method to construct ordered three-dimensional structures in a programmable way because of its flexible tailoring features. To handle the challenges of precisely aligning the building blocks, we proposed the combination of magnetic field-assisted localization for the locomotion of building blocks and host/guest supramolecular recognition for their immobilization. By applying this strategy, we have realized the stepwise construction of microscale glass fibers into an ordered complex pattern. Furthermore, through the introduction of a competitive guest molecule to disassemble the assembled structure, we demonstrated that the interaction between the fibers and the substrate was supramolecular rather than nonselective stickiness. Multivalent theory was used to interpret the mechanism for the interaction process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering & Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology , 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang Distrist, Beijing 100029, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cheng M, Shi F, Li J, Lin Z, Jiang C, Xiao M, Zhang L, Yang W, Nishi T. Macroscopic supramolecular assembly of rigid building blocks through a flexible spacing coating. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3009-3013. [PMID: 24453055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic supramolecular assembly is a promising method for manufacturing macroscopic, ordered structures for tissue-engineering scaffolds. A flexible spacing coating is shown to overcome undesired surface and size effects and to enable assembly of macroscopic cubes with host/guest groups. The assembled pairs disassembled upon introduction of competitive guest molecules, thereby demonstrating a multivalent assembly mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Engineering & Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymer, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li G, Liu W, Wang X, Yuan Q. Separation of 2,3-Butanediol Using ZSM-5 Zeolite Modified with Hydrophobic Molecular Spaces. CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.131009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Xing Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li P, Wang Y, Li H, Calzaferri G. Luminescence Enhancement after Adding Stoppers to Europium(III) Nanozeolite L. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2904-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
49
|
Li P, Wang Y, Li H, Calzaferri G. Luminescence Enhancement after Adding Stoppers to Europium(III) Nanozeolite L. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
50
|
Mardyukov A, Li Y, Dickschat A, Schäfer AH, Studer A. Chemical modification of polymer brushes via nitroxide photoclick trapping. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6369-6376. [PMID: 23675823 DOI: 10.1021/la401179s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of polymer brushes (PBs) bearing α-hydroxyalkylphenylketone (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one) moieties as photoreactive polymer backbone substituents is presented. Photoreactive polymer brushes with defined thicknesses (up to 60 nm) and high grafting densities are readily prepared by surface initiated nitroxide mediated radical polymerization (SINMP). The photoactive moieties can be transformed via Norrish-type I photoreaction to surface-bound acyl radicals. Photolysis in the presence of a persistent nitroxide leads to chemically modified PBs bearing acylalkoxyamine moieties as side chains resulting from trapping of the photogenerated acyl radicals with nitroxides. Application of functionalized nitroxides to the photochemical PB postmodification provides functionalized PBs bearing cyano, polyethylene glycol (PEG), perfluoroalkyl, and biotin moieties. As shown for one case, photochemical postfunctionalization of the PB through a mask using a biotin-conjugated nitroxide as the trapping reagent leads to the corresponding site-selective chemically modified PB, which is successfully used for site-specific streptavidin immobilization. Surface analysis of PBs was performed by contact angle (CA) measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection (ATR), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mardyukov
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Correnstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|