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Cui M, Xu Y, Tian R, Duan Z. BF 3-Promoted Ring Expansion of Iminylphosphiranes and Acylphosphiranes for Divergent Access to 1,2-Azaphospholidines and 1,2-Dihydrophosphetes. Org Lett 2024; 26:1819-1823. [PMID: 38415589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Ring expansion of strained small rings provides an efficient method for the synthesis of various high-value carbocycles and heterocycles. Here we report BF3·Et2O as both an activating reagent and fluorine source, enabling ring expansion of phosphirane and P-F bond formation. Treatment of 1-iminylphosphirane complexes with BF3·Et2O resulted in 1,2-azaphospholidines, while the reaction of 1-acylphosphirane complexes with BF3·Et2O afforded 1,2-dihydrophosphetes. The reaction path was tuned by the nucleophilicity of the N and O atoms toward the intermediate phosphenium cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Cui
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Rongqiang Tian
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, International Phosphorus Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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2
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Zhu H, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Brehm PC, Streubel R. Design of transition metal complexes containing a P-E radical motif. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2356-2362. [PMID: 36723098 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt04149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we have synthesized phosphane W(CO)5 complexes containing a P-O-TEMP ligand motif as bench-stable precursors of thermally accessible phosphanoxyl complex radicals possessing a ligand with a P-O˙ group. In this work, extensive dispersion-corrected DFT calculations are used to explore both W(CO)5 and Fe(CO)4 phosphane complexes containing the P-E-TEMP ligands (E = O, S, NMe, and PMe) in order to reach thermally accessible radicals with a P-E˙ motif. Moreover, a more general single-electron transfer (SET) oxidation approach to synthesize such P-E˙ radicals via anionic precursors is disclosed. Furthermore, the tendencies for self-trapping and prototropic reactions of such radical complexes have been studied for the first time. Electronic structures and potential conversions of such P-E˙ radicals are discussed, thus paving the way to a broad range of transition metal radical complexes, including potential thermal radical initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. .,Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Philipp C Brehm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Brehm PC, Frontera A, Streubel R. On metal coordination of neutral open-shell P-ligands focusing on phosphanoxyls, their electron residence and reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6270-6279. [PMID: 35579028 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the discovery and development of phosphanoxyl complex chemistry starting from (neutral) low-coordinate phosphorus radicals and the quest of metal ligation effects. We describe synthesis and reactions of precursors, namely 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinoxyl (TEMPO) substituted phosphane tungsten(0) complexes. Trapping reactions of transient phosphanoxyl complexes, formed via thermal homolytic N-O bond cleavage, as well as their use in radical polymerisations are illustrated, thus revealing an interesting reactivity dichotomy. DFT calculations provide insight into thermal stabilities of precursors and the resulting spin density distributions (SDDs) in these reactive intermediates. Systematic studies on the dependance of the electron delocalisation in phosphanoxyl complexes have been performed examining different substitution pattern at phosphorus and different co-ligand combinations at the tungsten(0) center. Preliminary results on Mn and Fe complexes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp C Brehm
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, 07122 Palma, Baleares, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Junker P, Rey Planells A, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Analysis of Non-innocence of Phosphaquinodimethane Ligands when Charge and Aromaticity Come into Play. Chemistry 2021; 27:9350-9359. [PMID: 33811689 PMCID: PMC8362198 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Several phosphaquinodimethanes and their M(CO)5 complexes (M=Cr, Mo, W) and model derivatives have been theoretically investigated regarding the quest of non-innocence. Computed structural and electronic properties of the P-Me/NH2 substituted phosphaquinodimethanes and tungsten complexes revealed an interesting non-innocent ligand behaviour for the radical anion complexes with distonic ion character and a strong rearomatization of the middle phenyl ring. The latter was further probed taking also geometric aromaticity (HOMA) and quinoid distortion parameters (HOMQc) into account, as well as NICS(1). Furthermore, the effect of the P-substitution was investigated for real (or plausible) complexes and their free ligands focusing on the resulting aromaticity at the middle phenyl ring and vertical one-electron redox processes. The best picture of ligand engagement in redox changes was provided by representing NICS(1) values versus HOMA and the new geometric distortion parameter HOMQc8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Junker
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhardt-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
| | - Alicia Rey Planells
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de MurciaCampus de Espinardo30100MurciaSpain
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de MurciaCampus de Espinardo30100MurciaSpain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnGerhardt-Domagk-Straße 153121BonnGermany
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5
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Schmer A, Junker P, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. M/X Phosphinidenoid Metal Complex Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1754-1765. [PMID: 33734678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusLike singlet carbenes and silylenes, transient electrophilic terminal phosphinidene complexes enabled highly selective synthetic transformations, but the required multistep synthetic protocols precluded widespread use of these P1 building blocks. By contrast, nucleophilic M/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes can be easily accessed in one step from [M(CO)n(RPCl2)] complexes. This advantage and the mild reaction conditions opened broad synthetic applicability that enabled access to a variety of novel compounds. The chemistry will be described in this Account, including bonding and mechanistic considerations derived from high-level density functional theory calculations.In 2007, we gained the first strong evidence for the formation of these thermally labile complexes using two different synthetic approaches: P-H deprotonation and Cl/Li exchange; the latter has become the preferred method. Intense studies revealed that steric demand of the P substituents in combination with metal complexation, a donor solvent, and/or the presence of a crown ether are necessary prerequisites for the formation and especially the usability of these intermediates as novel P1 building blocks. Solution-phase NMR spectroscopy and solid-state X-ray diffraction studies revealed the bonding situation, i.e., a solvent-separated ion pair structure, and typical 31P NMR signatures of the anions. To date, we have established the following reactivity patterns for Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes: self-condensations (I), electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions (II), 1,1-additions (III), [2 + 1] cycloadditions (IV), ring expansions (V), and redox reactions (VI). For example, self-condensations can yield dinuclear acyclic or polycyclic diphosphane or diphosphene complexes. Their use as nucleophiles and electrophiles can be employed to access functional phosphane ligands with mixed substitution patterns. 1,1-Addition reactions were a puzzling discovery because the resulting products resembled classical P-C π-bond structures but the bonding was more of a donor-to-phosphorus adduct with significant differences in bonding parameters. Into the same category and also surprising fall formal E-H insertion reactions leading to 1,1'-bifunctional phosphane complexes. To date, the most important synthetic impact was achieved in the chemistry of strained P-heterocyclic ligands such as oxaphosphiranes and azaphosphiridines, obtained via [2 + 1] cycloadditions of the title compounds with carbonyls and imines, respectively. Ring expansions have been shown to yield 1,2-oxaphosphetanes and 1,2-thiaphosphetanes, and because of the pool of industrially important epoxides, this provides straightforward and affordable access to these novel P-heterocyclic ligands, which also promise to be of interest in catalytic applications. Recent developments describe redox transformations of Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes into new reactive intermediates such as complexes with open-shell P-functional phosphanyl ligands via oxidative single electron transfer reactions or into terminal electrophilic phosphinidene complexes via chloride elimination. The latter is clearly restricted to P-amino derivatives because of their enhanced π-donation capability, as evidenced in a recent study on umpolung of these reactive intermediates. While our efforts to expand M/X phosphinidenoid complex chemistry are ongoing, we want to emphasize that the development of new reactive intermediates not only improves our understanding of bonding and reactivity but also opens new perspectives in organoelement chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Junker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Junker P, Villalba Franco JM, Schnakenburg G, Nesterov V, Boere RT, Qu ZW, Streubel R. Formation and properties of phosphaquinomethane tungsten(0) complexes - isolation and conversion of primary radical coupling products. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13544-13548. [PMID: 33006346 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A rational approach to phosphaquinomethane metal(0) complexes, based on dearomatization of the phenylene unit in [W(CO)5](R)P(Cl)-C6H5-CPh2, is described, including theoretical studies on mechanisms and structures. Furthermore, the first phosphaquinone tungsten complex with reversible redox properties is reported thus illustrating the beneficial stabilization of ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Junker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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7
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Schmer A, Volk N, Espinosa Ferao A, Streubel R. Access and unprecedented reaction pathways of Li/Cl phosphinidenoid iron(0) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:339-345. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04417a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Fe(CO)4(RPCl2)] (2) (a: R = CPh3, b: R = tBu) were used to generate the first examples of phosphinidenoid iron(0) complexes [Li(12-crown-4)(solv)n][Fe(CO)4(RPCl] (3a,b), characterized by NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Niklas Volk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa Ferao
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Química
- Universidad de Murcia
- E-30100 Murcia
- Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Bonn
- D-53121 Bonn
- Germany
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9
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Höhne M, Müller BH, Peulecke N, Spannenberg A, Jiao H, Rosenthal U. Highly Selective Chromium(0)‐Mediated Insertion of Nitriles into a Nonpolar P–P Bond of a Substituted Hexahydro‐1,4‐diaza‐2,3,5,6‐tetraphosphorine. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Höhne
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Bernd H. Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Normen Peulecke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Uwe Rosenthal
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29A 18059 Rostock Germany
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10
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Streubel R, Schmer A, Kyri AW, Schnakenburg G. 1,1′-Bifunctional Aminophosphane Complexes via N–H Bond Insertions of a Li/Cl Phosphinidenoid Complex and First Studies on N/P Mono Functionalizations. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße
1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmer
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße
1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas W. Kyri
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße
1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße
1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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11
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García CM, Bauzá A, Schnakenburg G, Frontera A, Streubel R. Ambiguous reactivity of Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes under redox conditions - a novel dichotomy in phosphorus chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:933-936. [PMID: 28008440 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09620d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel ambiguous reactivity of Li/Cl phosphinidenoid complexes under redox conditions is described. The outcome of the reaction with hexafluoroacetone is highly dependent on the P-substituent as fluoride substitution occurred in the case of R = CPh3 and C5Me5via a radical pathway, whereas for R = CH(SiMe3)2 a complex having a novel 1,2-diol-type P-ligand was obtained via a closed-shell pathway. DFT calculations reveal a new SET pathway starting with a noncovalent π-hole complex between the phosphinidenoid anion and hexafluoroacetone followed by an elimination of LiF. The second, closed-shell reaction course is strongly influenced by a noncovalent OSi interaction established after the initial nucleophilic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Murcia García
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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12
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Petuker A, Mebs S, Schuth N, Gerschel P, Reback ML, Mallick B, van Gastel M, Haumann M, Apfel UP. Spontaneous Si–C bond cleavage in (TriphosSi)-nickel complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:907-917. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04048a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of TriphosC/Si-derived nickel(ii) complexes revealed high structural flexibility and unexpected reactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anette Petuker
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Inorganic Chemistry I
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Department of Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Nils Schuth
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Department of Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | | | | | - Bert Mallick
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Inorganic Chemistry I
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Michael Haumann
- Freie Universität Berlin
- Department of Physics
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr University Bochum
- Inorganic Chemistry I
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
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13
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Heurich T, Nesterov V, Schnakenburg G, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Hazin K, Gates DP, Engeser M, Streubel R. Strong Evidence of a Phosphanoxyl Complex: Formation, Bonding, and Reactivity of Ligated Phosphorus Analogues of Nitroxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14439-14443. [PMID: 27735139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Facile access to [W(CO)5 (Ph2 P-OTEMP)] is used to initiate a study on the generation, properties, and reactions of transient phosphanoxyl complexes [MLn (R2 PO)], the first example of which could be trapped via heterocoupling with the trityl radical. It is also demonstrated that the phosphorus nitroxyl complex acts as radical initiator in the polymerization of styrene. The quest for P-O versus O-N bond homolysis, as well as the initial steps of the polymerization were studied by DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heurich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Siliciumchemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Khatera Hazin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Derek P Gates
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Heurich T, Nesterov V, Schnakenburg G, Qu ZW, Grimme S, Hazin K, Gates DP, Engeser M, Streubel R. Starker Hinweis auf einen Phosphanoxylkomplex: Bildung, Bindung und Reaktivität komplexgebundener P-Analoga von Nitroxiden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heurich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Siliciumchemie; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Khatera Hazin
- Chemistry Department; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Kanada
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Chemistry Department; University of British Columbia; 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Kanada
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
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15
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Masuda JD, Boeré RT. Metal carbonyl complexes of phosphaamidines. Coordinative integrity detected in C-amino(λ3,σ2)-phosphaalkene isomers coordinated through n(P) HOMO−1 donor orbitals. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:2102-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03393d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
L(Cr,Mo,W)(CO)5coordination ofN,P-disubstituted phosphaamidines stabilizes molecules prone to isomerization. NMR spectra are consistent with the average mirror symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D. Masuda
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Mary's University
- Nova Scotia
- Canada
| | - René T. Boeré
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Lethbridge
- Alberta
- Canada
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16
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Nesterov V, Qu ZW, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Streubel R. Selective phosphanyl complex trapping using TEMPO. Synthesis and reactivity of P-functional P-nitroxyl phosphane complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:12508-11. [PMID: 25190288 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Open-shell phosphanyl complexes (OC)5W{(Me3Si)2HCP(X)} (X = F, H), obtained by one-electron oxidation of lithium phosphanido complexes, were trapped by TEMPO to yield novel thermally labile P-nitroxyl phosphane complexes. First experimental evidence for an open-shell P-F phosphanoxyl complex (OC)5W{(Me3Si)2HCP(O)F}, formed upon thermolysis of corresponding P-nitroxyl derivative, is reported; reaction pathways are also theoretically investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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17
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Kyri AW, Nesterov V, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. Synthesis and Reaction of the First 1,2-Oxaphosphetane Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10809-12. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Kyri AW, Nesterov V, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. Synthese und Reaktion der ersten 1,2-Oxaphosphetankomplexe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Garner EB, Arduengo AJ, Streubel R, Dixon DA. Electronic structure predictions of the properties of non-innocent P-ligands in group 6B transition metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:2069-78. [PMID: 24285004 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52056k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutral group 6B (Cr, Mo, W) pentacarbonyl complexes M(CO)5-L possessing various P-ligands such as phosphines, phosphaalkenes, and phospha-quinomethanes can form radical cations and anions under redox conditions. There is significant interest in whether the radical site is localized on the metal or on a "non-innocent" ligand. Density functional theory was used to predict whether the radicals of the complexes behave as metal or ligand-centered radicals and whether these compounds could form in solution or as an ion pair with various oxidizing and reducing agents. The quinone-like ligands are predicted to be ligand centered radicals when they are anions and metal centered radicals when they are cations. The predicted reaction energies for single electron transfer (SET) reactions involving the quinone like ligands are negative or near thermoneutral for both radicals in polar solutions and as solid state ion pairs. The energetics of the SET reactions can be controlled by the nature of L, the nature of the oxidizing/reducing agent, and the solvent polarity. Such complexes could be used as flexible catalysts for single electron transfer reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Garner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA.
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Streubel R, Kyri AW, Duan L, Schnakenburg G. Synthesis of Li/OR phosphinidenoid complexes: on the evidence for intramolecular O–Li donation and the effect of cation encapsulation. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:2088-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52269e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Streubel R, Özbolat-Schön A, von Frantzius G, Lee H, Schnakenburg G, Gudat D. Li/X phosphinidenoid pentacarbonylmetal complexes: a combined experimental and theoretical study on structures and spectroscopic properties. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:3313-25. [PMID: 23470227 DOI: 10.1021/ic302786v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of P-F phosphane metal complexes [(CO)5M{RP(H)F}] 2a-c (R = CH(SiMe3)2; a: M = W; b: M = Mo; c: M = Cr) is described using AgBF4 for a Cl/F exchange in P-Cl precursor complexes [(CO)5M{RP(H)Cl}] 3a-c; thermal reaction of 2H-azaphosphirene metal complexes [(CO)5M{RP(C(Ph)═N}] 1a-c with [Et3NH]X led to complexes 3a-c, 4, and 5 (M = W; a-c: X = Cl; 4: X = Br; 5: X = I). Complexes 2a-c, 3a-c, 4, and 5 were deprotonated using lithium diisopropylamide in the presence of 12-crown-4 thus yielding Li/X phosphinidenoid metal complexes [Li(12-crown-4)(Et2O)n][(CO)5M(RPX)] 6a-c, 7a-c, 8, and 9 (6a-c: M = W, Mo, Cr; X = F; 7a-c: M = W, Mo, Cr; X = Cl; 8: M = W; X = Br; 9: M = W; X = I). This first comprehensive study on the synthesis of the title compounds reveals metal and halogen dependencies of NMR parameters as well as thermal stabilities of 6a, 7a, 8, and 9 in solution (F > Cl > Br > I). DOSY NMR experiments on the Li/F phosphinidenoid metal complexes (6a-c; M = W, Mo, Cr) rule out that the cation and anion fragments are part of a persistent molecular complex or tight ion pair (in solution). The X-ray structure of 6a reveals a salt-like structure of [Li(12-crown-4)Et2O][(CO)5W{P(CH(SiMe3)2)F}] with long P-F and P-W bond distances compared to 2a. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide additional insight into structures and energetics of cation-free halophosphanido chromium and tungsten complexes and four contact ion pairs of Li/X phosphinidenoid model complexes [Li(12-crown-4)][(CO)5M{P(R)X}] (A-D) that represent principal coordination modes. The significant increase of the compliance constant of the P-F bond in the anionic complex [(CO)5W{P(Me)F}] (10a) revealed that a formal lone pair at phosphorus weakens the P-F bond. This effect is further enhanced by coordination of lithium and/or the Li(12-crown-4) countercation (to 10a) as in type A-D complexes. DFT calculated phosphorus NMR chemical shifts allow for a consistent interpretation of NMR properties and provide a preliminary explanation for the "abnormal" NMR shift of P-Cl derivatives 7a-c. Furthermore, calculated compliance constants reveal the degree of P-F bond weakening in Li/F phosphinidenoid complexes, and it was found that a more negative phosphorus-fluorine coupling constant is associated with a larger relaxed force constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
An approach to novel P-functional chloroformylphosphane complexes is described using the synthetic potential of lithium/halogeno phosphinidenoid tungsten(0) complexes. Similarly to transition-metal-free chloroformylphosphanes, the obtained complexes tend to eliminate CO via P–C bond cleavage to give the corresponding P-chlorophosphane complex derivatives. Nevertheless, this method allowed the isolation of the first complex derivatives, which will open new synthetic perspectives in organophosphorus chemistry.
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Nesterov V, Schnakenburg G, Espinosa A, Streubel R. Synthesis and Reactions of the First Room Temperature Stable Li/Cl Phosphinidenoid Complex. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12343-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301652u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arturo Espinosa
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Iwamoto T, Hirakawa F, Ishida S. A Two-Coordinate Palladium Complex with Two Dialkylphosphinyl Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Iwamoto T, Hirakawa F, Ishida S. A Two-Coordinate Palladium Complex with Two Dialkylphosphinyl Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12111-4. [PMID: 23097337 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeaki Iwamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Duan L, Schnakenburg G, Daniels J, Streubel R. P-OR Functional Phosphanido and/or Li/OR Phosphinidenoid Complexes? Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nesterov V, Schwieger S, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Streubel R. SET Oxidation of Li/X Phosphinidenoid Complexes by TEMPO. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300099g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schwieger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für
Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstraße
4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Nesterov V, Özbolat‐Schön A, Schnakenburg G, Shi L, Cangönül A, van Gastel M, Neese F, Streubel R. An Unusal Case of Facile Non‐Degenerate PC Bond Making and Breaking. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:1708-12. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nesterov
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1, 53121 Bonn (Germany), Fax: (+49) 228‐739616
| | - Aysel Özbolat‐Schön
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1, 53121 Bonn (Germany), Fax: (+49) 228‐739616
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1, 53121 Bonn (Germany), Fax: (+49) 228‐739616
| | - Lili Shi
- Max Planck Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34‐36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany), Fax: (+49) 208‐306‐3951
| | - Asli Cangönül
- Max Planck Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34‐36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany), Fax: (+49) 208‐306‐3951
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max Planck Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34‐36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany), Fax: (+49) 208‐306‐3951
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34‐36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr (Germany), Fax: (+49) 208‐306‐3951
| | - Rainer Streubel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Rheinischen Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Str. 1, 53121 Bonn (Germany), Fax: (+49) 228‐739616
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Affiliation(s)
- D. W. Allen
- Biomedical Research Centre Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield, S1 1WB UK
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Duan L, Schnakenburg G, Streubel R. Generation and Decomposition of Li/OR Phosphinidenoid Complexes. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200300m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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