1
|
Saju A, Crawley MR, MacMillan SN, Lacy DC. Manganese(III) Nitrate Complexes as Bench-Stable Powerful Oxidants. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11616-11621. [PMID: 38639535 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
We report herein a convenient one-pot synthesis for the shelf-stable molecular complex [Mn(NO3)3(OPPh3)2] (2) and describe the properties that make it a powerful and selective one-electron oxidation (deelectronation) reagent. 2 has a high reduction potential of 1.02 V versus ferrocene (MeCN) (1.65 vs normal hydrogen electrode), which is one the highest known among readily available redox agents used in chemical synthesis. 2 exhibits stability toward air in the solid state, can be handled with relative ease, and is soluble in most common laboratory solvents such as MeCN, dichloromethane, and fluorobenzene. 2 is substitutionally labile with respect to the coordinated (pseudo)halide ions enabling the synthesis of other new Mn(III) nitrato complexes also with high reduction potentials ranging from 0.6 to 1.0 V versus ferrocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Saju
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Matthew R Crawley
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Samantha N MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David C Lacy
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schulte Y, Wölper C, Rupf SM, Malischewski M, SantaLucia DJ, Neese F, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Structural characterization and reactivity of a room-temperature-stable, antiaromatic cyclopentadienyl cation salt. Nat Chem 2024; 16:651-657. [PMID: 38225271 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01417-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The singlet states of cyclopentadienyl (Cp) cations are considered as true prototypes of an antiaromatic system. Unfortunately, their high intrinsic reactivity inhibited their isolation in the solid state as a salt, and controlled reactions are also scarce. Here we present the synthesis and solid state structure of the room-temperature-stable Cp cation salt [Cp(C6F5)5]+[Sb3F16]-. Although the aromatic triplet state of the [Cp(C6F5)5]+ cation is energetically favoured in the gas phase according to quantum chemical calculations, coordination of the cation by either [Sb3F16]- or C6F6 in the crystal lattice stabilizes the antiaromatic singlet state, which is present in the solid state. The calculated hydride and fluoride ion affinities of the [Cp(C6F5)5]+ cation are higher than those of the perfluorinated tritylium cation [C(C6F5)3]+. Reactions of [Cp(C6F5)5]+[Sb3F16]- with CO, which probably yields the corresponding carbonyl complex, and of radical Cp(C6F5)5∙ with selected model substrates (Cp2Fe, (Ph3C∙)2 and Cp*Al) are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Schulte
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne M Rupf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Albrecht PA, Rupf SM, Sellin M, Schlögl J, Riedel S, Malischewski M. Increasing the oxidation power of TCNQ by coordination of B(C 6F 5) 3. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4958-4961. [PMID: 35380574 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00314g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation power of the cyanocarbon TCNQ (tetracyano-quinodimethane) can be significantly increased to approximately E = +0.9 V vs. Cp2Fe by coordination of up to four equivalents of the strong fluorinated Lewis acid B(C6F5)3, resulting in a highly reactive but easy-to-use oxidation system. Thianthrene and tris(4-bromophenyl)amine were oxidized to the corresponding radical cations. Dianionic [TCNQ·4 B(C6F5)3]2- was formed upon reduction with two equivalents of ferrocene or decamethylcobaltocene. [TCNQ·4 B(C6F5)3]- and [TCNQ·4 B(C6F5)3]2- are rare cases of redox-active weakly-coordinating anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Anton Albrecht
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Susanne Margot Rupf
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Malte Sellin
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Schlögl
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Moritz Malischewski
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Einholz W, Hofmann M, Schäfer R, Wieloch C, Keller W, Ströbele M, Meyer H. Synthesis and Properties of the Octaboron Cluster Series
hypercloso
‐B
8
Cl
8
, the Radical Anion
hypercloso
‐[B
8
Cl
8
]
.−
and the Dianion
closo
‐[B
8
Cl
8
]
2−. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Einholz
- Department of Chemistry (130a) University of Hohenheim Garbenstr. 30 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Matthias Hofmann
- Anorganisch-Chemisches-Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ronald Schäfer
- Department of Chemistry Hochschule Aalen Beethovenstr. 1 73430 Aalen Germany
| | - Christoph Wieloch
- Department of Chemistry (130a) University of Hohenheim Garbenstr. 30 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Willi Keller
- Department of Chemistry (130a) University of Hohenheim Garbenstr. 30 70599 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Markus Ströbele
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Hans‐Jürgen Meyer
- Section for Solid State and Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Eberhard Karls University Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Li B, Zhang X, Stauber JM, Miller TF, Spokoyny AM. Electronic Structure of Superoxidized Radical Cationic Dodecaborate-Based Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6141-6150. [PMID: 34240867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The expanding field of boron clusters has attracted continuous theoretical efforts to understand their diverse structures and unique bonding. We recently discovered a new reversible redox event of B12(O-3-methylbutyl)12 in which the superoxidized radical cationic form [B12(O-3-methylbutyl)12]•+ was identified and isolated for the first time. Herein, comprehensive (TD-)DFT studies in tandem with electrochemical experiments were employed to demonstrate the generality of the reported behavior across perfunctionalized B12(OR)12 clusters (R = aryl or alkyl). While the spin density of radical cationic clusters is delocalized in the core region, the oxidation brings about notable gains of positive partial charges on the supporting groups whose electronics can readily tune the redox potential of the 0/•+ couple. The underlying changes of frontier orbitals were elucidated, and the resulting [B12(OR)12]•+ species manifest a general diagnostic absorption as a consequence of mixed local/charge-transfer excitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Julia M Stauber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Thomas F Miller
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Klare HFT, Albers L, Süsse L, Keess S, Müller T, Oestreich M. Silylium Ions: From Elusive Reactive Intermediates to Potent Catalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5889-5985. [PMID: 33861564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The history of silyl cations has all the makings of a drama but with a happy ending. Being considered reactive intermediates impossible to isolate in the condensed phase for decades, their actual characterization in solution and later in solid state did only fuel the discussion about their existence and initially created a lot of controversy. This perception has completely changed today, and silyl cations and their donor-stabilized congeners are now widely accepted compounds with promising use in synthetic chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the fundamental facts and principles of the chemistry of silyl cations, including reliable ways of their preparation as well as their physical and chemical properties. The striking features of silyl cations are their enormous electrophilicity and as such reactivity as super Lewis acids as well as fluorophilicity. Known applications rely on silyl cations as reactants, stoichiometric reagents, and promoters where the reaction success is based on their steady regeneration over the course of the reaction. Silyl cations can even be discrete catalysts, thereby opening the next chapter of their way into the toolbox of synthetic methodology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik F T Klare
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Albers
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lars Süsse
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Exner RM, Jenne C, Wegener B. Electrochemical Synthesis of Triphenylphosphine Coinage Metal Complexes stabilized by
closo
‐Dodecaborates [B
12
X
12
]
2−
(X=H, F, Cl, Br, I). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger M. Exner
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Bergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Bergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Bianca Wegener
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Bergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim Y, Kubena R, Axtell J, Samouei H, Pham P, Stauber JM, Spokoyny AM, Hilty C. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Using 3D Aromatic Boron Cluster Radicals. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:13-18. [PMID: 33296205 PMCID: PMC8078168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A set of two dodecaborate [B12(OR)12]1- radical cluster anions containing a dense layer of fluorinated end-groups provides nuclear spin hyperpolarization via the dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) technique. We show that these clusters can enhance 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals. Importantly, given the inherent radical delocalization in dodecaborate-based clusters, these species are compatible with reactive compounds such as Lewis acids, providing ∼1000-2000 times of signal enhancement for B(C6F5)3 in liquid state NMR spectroscopy experiments at 9.4 Tesla. This observation suggests that 3D aromatic radicals can provide advantages over the conventional radical species that are currently used for DNP such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) by showing superior chemical compatibility. The ability to hyperpolarize reactive compounds using [B12(OR)12]1- cluster radicals opens up new applications of reaction monitoring by D-DNP NMR spectroscopy, including the observation of catalytically active species in complex reaction mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Present Addresses Y.K.: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Rebecca Kubena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Jonathan Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- J.A.: The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48674
| | - Hamidreza Samouei
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843
- Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI), P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pierce Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Julia M. Stauber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Asmis KR, Beele BB, Jenne C, Kawa S, Knorke H, Nierstenhöfer MC, Wang XB, Warneke J, Warneke Z, Yuan Q. Synthesis, Electronic Properties and Reactivity of [B 12 X 11 (NO 2 )] 2- (X=F-I) Dianions. Chemistry 2020; 26:14594-14601. [PMID: 33017100 PMCID: PMC7756457 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitro‐functionalized undecahalogenated closo‐dodecaborates [B12X11(NO2)]2− were synthesized in high purities and characterized by NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy, single crystal X‐diffraction, mass spectrometry, and gas‐phase ion vibrational spectroscopy. The NO2 substituent leads to an enhanced electronic and electrochemical stability compared to the parent perhalogenated [B12X12]2− (X=F–I) dianions evidenced by photoelectron spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and quantum‐chemical calculations. The stabilizing effect decreases from X=F to X=I. Thermogravimetric measurements of the salts indicate the loss of the nitric oxide radical (NO.). The homolytic NO. elimination from the dianion under very soft collisional excitation in gas‐phase ion experiments results in the formation of the radical [B12X11O]2−.. Theoretical investigations suggest that the loss of NO. proceeds via the rearrangement product [B12X11(ONO)]2−. The O‐bonded nitrosooxy structure is thermodynamically more stable than the N‐bonded nitro structure and its formation by radical recombination of [B12X11O]2−. and NO. is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Knut R Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Björn B Beele
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kawa
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Harald Knorke
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marc C Nierstenhöfer
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Jonas Warneke
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ziyan Warneke
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Qinqin Yuan
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stauber JM, Schwan J, Zhang X, Axtell JC, Jung D, McNicholas BJ, Oyala PH, Martinolich AJ, Winkler JR, See KA, Miller TF, Gray HB, Spokoyny AM. A Super-Oxidized Radical Cationic Icosahedral Boron Cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12948-12953. [PMID: 32646209 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While the icosahedral closo-[B12H12]2- cluster does not display reversible electrochemical behavior, perfunctionalization of this species via substitution of all 12 B-H vertices with alkoxy or benzyloxy (OR) substituents engenders reversible redox chemistry, providing access to clusters in the dianionic, monoanionic, and neutral forms. Here, we evaluated the electrochemical behavior of the electron-rich B12(O-3-methylbutyl)12 (1) cluster and discovered that a new reversible redox event that gives rise to a fourth electronic state is accessible through one-electron oxidation of the neutral species. Chemical oxidation of 1 with [N(2,4-Br2C6H3)3]•+ afforded the isolable [1]•+ cluster, which is the first example of an open-shell cationic B12 cluster in which the unpaired electron is proposed to be delocalized throughout the boron cluster core. The oxidation of 1 is also chemically reversible, where treatment of [1]•+ with ferrocene resulted in its reduction back to 1. The identity of [1]•+ is supported by EPR, UV-vis, multinuclear NMR (1H, 11B), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Stauber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Josef Schwan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jonathan C Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Dahee Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Brendon J McNicholas
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul H Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Andrew J Martinolich
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jay R Winkler
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kimberly A See
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Thomas F Miller
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Harry B Gray
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Boron: Its Role in Energy-Related Processes and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8800-8816. [PMID: 31625661 PMCID: PMC7317435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron's unique position in the Periodic Table, that is, at the apex of the line separating metals and nonmetals, makes it highly versatile in chemical reactions and applications. Contemporary demand for renewable and clean energy as well as energy-efficient products has seen boron playing key roles in energy-related research, such as 1) activating and synthesizing energy-rich small molecules, 2) storing chemical and electrical energy, and 3) converting electrical energy into light. These applications are fundamentally associated with boron's unique characteristics, such as its electron-deficiency and the availability of an unoccupied p orbital, which allow the formation of a myriad of compounds with a wide range of chemical and physical properties. For example, boron's ability to achieve a full octet of electrons with four covalent bonds and a negative charge has led to the synthesis of a wide variety of borate anions of high chemical and electrochemical stability-in particular, weakly coordinating anions. This Review summarizes recent advances in the study of boron compounds for energy-related processes and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology Sydney81 BroadwayUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of ChemistryQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Merck KGaA64293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Bor in energiebezogenen Prozessen und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney 81 Broadway Ultimo NSW 2007 Australien
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Merck KGaA 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jenne C, Nierstenhöfer MC. Homopolyatomic Chalcogen Radical Cations of Selenium and Tellurium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Jenne
- Anorganische Chemie Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Bergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Marc C. Nierstenhöfer
- Anorganische Chemie Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften Bergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Warneke J, Konieczka SZ, Hou GL, Aprà E, Kerpen C, Keppner F, Schäfer TC, Deckert M, Yang Z, Bylaska EJ, Johnson GE, Laskin J, Xantheas SS, Wang XB, Finze M. Properties of perhalogenated {closo-B10} and {closo-B11} multiply charged anions and a critical comparison with {closo-B12} in the gas and the condensed phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5903-5915. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05313h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dependence of electronic properties and reactivity of closo-borates with size and halogen substituent was investigated.
Collapse
|
16
|
Jenne C, Wegener B. Silver Salts of the Weakly Coordinating Anion [Me3
NB12
Cl11
]-. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201800358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Jenne
- Anorganische Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Bianca Wegener
- Anorganische Chemie; Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Die Schöne (WCA) und das (kationische) Biest: Neues aus der Chemie von und mit schwach koordinierenden Anionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF); Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Riddlestone IM, Kraft A, Schaefer J, Krossing I. Taming the Cationic Beast: Novel Developments in the Synthesis and Application of Weakly Coordinating Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13982-14024. [PMID: 29266644 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This Review gives a comprehensive overview of the most topical weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) and contains information on WCA design, stability, and applications. As an update to the 2004 review, developments in common classes of WCA are included. Methods for the incorporation of WCAs into a given system are discussed and advice given on how to best choose a method for the introduction of a particular WCA. A series of starting materials for a large number of WCA precursors and references are tabulated as a useful resource when looking for procedures to prepare WCAs. Furthermore, a collection of scales that allow the performance of a WCA, or its underlying Lewis acid, to be judged is collated with some advice on how to use them. The examples chosen to illustrate WCA developments are taken from a broad selection of topics where WCAs play a role. In addition a section focusing on transition metal and catalysis applications as well as supporting electrolytes is also included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Riddlestone
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kraft
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Schaefer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie and Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum (FMF), Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wixtrom AI, Parvez ZA, Savage MD, Qian EA, Jung D, Khan SI, Rheingold AL, Spokoyny AM. Tuning the electrochemical potential of perfunctionalized dodecaborate clusters through vertex differentiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5867-5870. [PMID: 29785419 PMCID: PMC6015501 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03477j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a new class of redox-active vertex-differentiated dodecaborate clusters featuring pentafluoroaryl groups. These [B12(OR)11NO2] clusters share several unique photophysical properties with their [B12(OR)12] analogues, while exhibiting significantly higher (+0.5 V) redox potentials. This work describes the synthesis, characterization, and isolation of [B12(O-CH2C6F5)11NO2] clusters in all 3 oxidation states (dianion, radical, and neutral). Reactivity to post-functionalization with thiol species via SNAr on the pentafluoroaryl groups is also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Wixtrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pluntze AM, Bukovsky EV, Lacroix MR, Newell BS, Rithner CD, Strauss SH. Deca-B-fluorination of diammonioboranes. Structures and NMR characterization of 1,2-, 1,7-, and 1,12-B12H10(NH3)2 and 1,2-, 1,7-, and 1,12-B12F10(NH3)2. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
21
|
Axtell JC, Saleh LMA, Qian EA, Wixtrom AI, Spokoyny AM. Synthesis and Applications of Perfunctionalized Boron Clusters. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2333-2350. [PMID: 29465227 PMCID: PMC5985200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This Viewpoint describes major advances pertaining to perfunctionalized boron clusters in synthesis and their respective applications. The first portion of this work highlights key synthetic methods, allowing one to access a wide range of polyhedral boranes (B4 and B6-B12 cluster cores) that contain exhaustively functionalized vertices. The second portion of this Viewpoint showcases the historical developments in using these molecules for applications ranging from materials science to medicine. Last, we suggest potential new directions for these clusters as they apply to both synthetic methods and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C. Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Liban M. A. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Elaine A. Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Alex I. Wixtrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Polyhalogenated Decaborate and 1-Ammoniododecaborate Ions: An Improved Synthesis with Elemental Halogens, and Physicochemical and Chemical Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
23
|
Bolli C, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Keßler M. Halogenatedcloso-Dodecaborate Anions Stabilize Weakly Bound [(Me3NH)3X]2+(X = Cl, Br) Dications in the Solid State. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bolli
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Janis Derendorf
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Mathias Keßler
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaussstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Derendorf J, Jenne C, Keßler M. The First Step of the Oxidation of Elemental Sulfur: Crystal Structure of the Homopolyatomic Sulfur Radical Cation [S8
].+. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8281-8284. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janis Derendorf
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Mathias Keßler
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Derendorf J, Jenne C, Keßler M. Der erste Schritt der Oxidation elementaren Schwefels - die Struktur des Schwefelradikalkations [S8
].+
im Kristall. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janis Derendorf
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Deutschland
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Deutschland
| | - Mathias Keßler
- Anorganische Chemie, Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstraße 20 42119 Wuppertal Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Silver compounds share a rich history in technical applications including photography, catalysis, photocatalysis, cloud seeding and as antimicrobial agents. Here we present a class of silver compounds (Ag2B10H10 and Ag2B12H12) that are semiconductors with a bandgap at 2.3 eV in the green visible light spectrum. The silver boranes have extremely high ion conductivity and dynamic-anion facilitated Ag+ migration is suggested based on the structural model. The ion conductivity is enhanced more than two orders of magnitude at room temperature (up to 3.2 mS cm−1) by substitution with AgI to form new compounds. Furthermore, the closo-boranes show extremely fast silver nano-filament growth when excited by electrons during transmission electron microscope investigations. Ag nano-filaments can also be reabsorbed back into Ag2B12H12. These interesting properties demonstrate the multifunctionality of silver closo-boranes and open up avenues in a wide range of fields including photocatalysis, solid state ionics and nano-wire production. Silver compounds have long been known to possess exceptional solid-state conductivity. Here the authors present silver closo-boranes in which facile Ag+ migration occurs, leading to exceptionally high ion conductivities and potential utility in silver nanowire production and photocatalysis due to their semiconductivity.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bertocco P, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Kirsch C. Improving the Solubility of Halogenated 1-Ammonio-closo-dodecaborate Anions. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:3459-3466. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Bertocco
- Fakultät für Mathematik und
Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Janis Derendorf
- Fakultät für Mathematik und
Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fakultät für Mathematik und
Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Christoph Kirsch
- Fakultät für Mathematik und
Naturwissenschaften, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Núñez R, Tarrés M, Ferrer-Ugalde A, de Biani FF, Teixidor F. Electrochemistry and Photoluminescence of Icosahedral Carboranes, Boranes, Metallacarboranes, and Their Derivatives. Chem Rev 2016; 116:14307-14378. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Núñez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Màrius Tarrés
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Ferrer-Ugalde
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fabrizia Fabrizi de Biani
- Dipartimento
di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Universita degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials
de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Malischewski M, Peryshkov DV, Bukovsky EV, Seppelt K, Strauss SH. Structures of M2(SO2)6B12F12 (M = Ag or K) and Ag2(H2O)4B12F12: Comparison of the Coordination of SO2 versus H2O and of B12F122– versus Other Weakly Coordinating Anions to Metal Ions in the Solid State. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12254-12262. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Malischewski
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitry V. Peryshkov
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Eric V. Bukovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Konrad Seppelt
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Steven H. Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bertocco P, Bolli C, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Klein A, Stirnat K. The Me3NB12Cl11.Radical: A Strong One-Electron Oxidizing Agent. Chemistry 2016; 22:16032-16036. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Bertocco
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Christoph Bolli
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Janis Derendorf
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften; Anorganische Chemie; Bergische Universität Wuppertal; Gaußstrasse 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Axel Klein
- EPR Spectroscopy,Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Department für Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstrasse 6 50939 Köln Germany
| | - Kathrin Stirnat
- EPR Spectroscopy,Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Department für Chemie; Universität zu Köln; Greinstrasse 6 50939 Köln Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wixtrom AI, Shao Y, Jung D, Machan CW, Kevork SN, Qian EA, Axtell JC, Khan SI, Kubiak CP, Spokoyny AM. Rapid Synthesis of Redox-Active Dodecaborane B 12(OR) 12 Clusters Under Ambient Conditions. Inorg Chem Front 2016; 3:711-717. [PMID: 27885335 PMCID: PMC5117651 DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00263j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a fast and efficient route to obtain perfunctionalized ether-linked alkyl and benzyl derivatives of the closo-[B12(OH)12]2- icosahedral dodecaborate cluster via microwave-assisted synthesis. These icosahedral boron clusters exhibit three-dimensional delocalization of the cage-bonding electrons, tunable photophysical properties, and a high degree of stability in air in both solid and solution states. A series of closo-[B12(OR)12]2-, hypocloso-[B12(OR)12]1- and hypercloso-[B12(OR)12]0 clusters have been prepared with reaction times ranging from hours to several minutes. This method is superior to previously reported protocols since it dramatically decreases the reaction times required and eliminates the need for inert atmosphere conditions. The generality of the new microwave-based method has been further demonstrated through the synthesis of several new derivatives, which feature redox potentials up to 0.6 V more positive than previously known B12(OR)12 cluster compounds. We further show how this method can be applied to a one-pot synthesis of hybrid, vertex-differentiated species B12(OR)11(OR) that was formerly accessible only via multi-step reaction sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex I. Wixtrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Yanwu Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Dahee Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Charles W. Machan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Shaunt N. Kevork
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Elaine A. Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Jonathan C. Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Saeed I. Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| | - Clifford P. Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358
| | - Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Malischewski M, Bukovsky EV, Strauss SH, Seppelt K. Jahn–Teller Effect in the B12F12 Radical Anion and Energetic Preference of an Octahedral B6(BF2)6 Cluster Structure over an Icosahedral Structure for the Elusive Neutral B12F12. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:11563-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Malischewski
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für
Chemie und Biochemie, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric V. Bukovsky
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 United States
| | - Steven H. Strauss
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 United States
| | - Konrad Seppelt
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für
Chemie und Biochemie, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jenne C, Keßler M, Warneke J. Protic anions [H(B12X12)]- (X = F, Cl, Br, I) that act as Brønsted acids in the gas phase. Chemistry 2015; 21:5887-91. [PMID: 25735766 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The acidity of protic cations and neutral molecules has been studied extensively in the gas phase, and the gas-phase acidity has been established previously as a very useful measure of the intrinsic acidity of neutral and cationic compounds. However, no data for any anionic acids were available prior to this study. The protic anions [H(B12X12)](-) (X = F, Cl, Br, I) are expected to be the most acidic anions known to date. Therefore, they were investigated in this study with respect to their ability to protonate neutral molecules in the gas phase by using a combination of mass spectrometry and quantum-chemical calculations. For the first time it was shown that in the gas phase protic anions are also able to protonate neutral molecules and thus act as Brønsted acids. According to theoretical calculations, [H(B12I12)](-) is the most acidic gas-phase anion, whereas in actual protonation experiments [H(B12Cl12)](-) is the most potent gas-phase acidic anion for the protonation of neutral molecules. This discrepancy is explained by ion pairing and kinetic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Jenne
- Fachbereich C, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal (Germany).
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wegener M, Huber F, Bolli C, Jenne C, Kirsch SF. Silver-Free Activation of Ligated Gold(I) Chlorides: The Use of [Me3NB12Cl11]−as a Weakly Coordinating Anion in Homogeneous Gold Catalysis. Chemistry 2014; 21:1328-36. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
35
|
Tutusaus O, Mohtadi R. Paving the Way towards Highly Stable and Practical Electrolytes for Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
36
|
Bolli C, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Scherer H, Sindlinger CP, Wegener B. Synthesis and Properties of the Weakly Coordinating Anion [Me
3
NB
12
Cl
11
]
−. Chemistry 2014; 20:13783-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bolli
- Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal (Germany), Fax: (+49) 202‐439‐3503
| | - Janis Derendorf
- Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal (Germany), Fax: (+49) 202‐439‐3503
| | - Carsten Jenne
- Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal (Germany), Fax: (+49) 202‐439‐3503
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Albert‐Ludwigs Universität Freiburg (Germany)
| | | | - Bianca Wegener
- Fachbereich C – Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42119 Wuppertal (Germany), Fax: (+49) 202‐439‐3503
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Beichel W, Panzer JMU, Hätty J, Ye X, Himmel D, Krossing I. Straightforward Synthesis of the Brønsted Acid hfipOSO 3H and its Application for the Synthesis of Protic Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
38
|
Beichel W, Panzer JMU, Hätty J, Ye X, Himmel D, Krossing I. Straightforward Synthesis of the Brønsted Acid hfipOSO3H and its Application for the Synthesis of Protic Ionic Liquids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6637-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
39
|
Boeré RT, Derendorf J, Jenne C, Kacprzak S, Keßler M, Riebau R, Riedel S, Roemmele TL, Rühle M, Scherer H, Vent-Schmidt T, Warneke J, Weber S. On the Oxidation of the Three-Dimensional Aromatics [B12X12]2−(X=F, Cl, Br, I). Chemistry 2014; 20:4447-59. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
40
|
Carter TJ, Mohtadi R, Arthur TS, Mizuno F, Zhang R, Shirai S, Kampf JW. Boron clusters as highly stable magnesium-battery electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3173-7. [PMID: 24519845 PMCID: PMC4298798 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Boron clusters are proposed as a new concept for the design of magnesium-battery electrolytes that are magnesium-battery-compatible, highly stable, and noncorrosive. A novel carborane-based electrolyte incorporating an unprecedented magnesium-centered complex anion is reported and shown to perform well as a magnesium-battery electrolyte. This finding opens a new approach towards the design of electrolytes whose likelihood of meeting the challenging design targets for magnesium-battery electrolytes is very high.
Collapse
|
41
|
Carter TJ, Mohtadi R, Arthur TS, Mizuno F, Zhang R, Shirai S, Kampf JW. Boron Clusters as Highly Stable Magnesium-Battery Electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
42
|
Fojt L, Fojta M, Grüner B, Vespalec R. Electrochemistry of closo-dodecaborate dianion and its simple exo-skeletal derivatives at carbon electrodes in aqueous phosphate buffers. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
43
|
Asay M, Kefalidis CE, Estrada J, Weinberger DS, Wright J, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Maron L, Lavallo V. Isolation of a Carborane-Fused Triazole Radical Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11560-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
44
|
Asay M, Kefalidis CE, Estrada J, Weinberger DS, Wright J, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Maron L, Lavallo V. Isolation of a Carborane-Fused Triazole Radical Anion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
45
|
Shaik S, Rzepa HS, Hoffmann R. One molecule, two atoms, three views, four bonds? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3020-33. [PMID: 23362052 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry and The Lise Meitner-Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shaik S, Rzepa HS, Hoffmann R. Ein Molekül, zwei Atome, drei Ansichten, vier Bindungen? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Boeré RT, Bolli C, Finze M, Himmelspach A, Knapp C, Roemmele TL. Quantum-Chemical and Electrochemical Investigation of the Electrochemical Windows of Halogenated Carborate Anions. Chemistry 2012; 19:1784-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
49
|
Kraft A, Beck J, Steinfeld G, Scherer H, Himmel D, Krossing I. Synthesis and Application of Strong Brønsted Acids Generated from the Lewis Acid Al(ORF)3 and an Alcohol. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kraft
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute for Advanced
Studies (FRIAS), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Beck
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute for Advanced
Studies (FRIAS), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Steinfeld
- Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Grüental, 8820 Wädenswil,
Switzerland
| | - Harald Scherer
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute for Advanced
Studies (FRIAS), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Himmel
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute for Advanced
Studies (FRIAS), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Institut
für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Freiburger
Materialforschungszentrum (FMF) and Freiburg Institute for Advanced
Studies (FRIAS), Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lee TB, McKee ML. Redox Energetics of Hypercloso Boron Hydrides BnHn (n = 6–13) and B12X12 (X = F, Cl, OH, and CH3). Inorg Chem 2012; 51:4205-14. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202660d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Michael L. McKee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| |
Collapse
|