1
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Malakar CC, Dell'Amico L, Zhang W. Dual Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: Current Challenges and New Trends. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Manipur Langol Imphal 795004 Manipur India
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Padova Via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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2
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Ma G, Afewerki S, Zhang K, Ibrahem I, Córdova A. Accelerating Amine‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions by Intermolecular Cooperative Thiourea/Oxime Hydrogen‐Bond Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangning Ma
- Department of Natural Sciences Engineering and Mathematics Mid Sweden University 851 70 Sundsvall Sweden
| | - Samson Afewerki
- Department of Natural Sciences Engineering and Mathematics Mid Sweden University 851 70 Sundsvall Sweden
| | - Kaiheng Zhang
- Department of Natural Sciences Engineering and Mathematics Mid Sweden University 851 70 Sundsvall Sweden
| | - Ismail Ibrahem
- Department of Natural Sciences Engineering and Mathematics Mid Sweden University 851 70 Sundsvall Sweden
| | - Armando Córdova
- Department of Natural Sciences Engineering and Mathematics Mid Sweden University 851 70 Sundsvall Sweden
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3
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Xiao X, Shao B, Lu Y, Cao Q, Xia C, Chen F. Recent Advances in Asymmetric Organomulticatalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Bing‐Xuan Shao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Yin‐Jie Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Qian‐Qian Cao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Chun‐Nian Xia
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
| | - Fen‐Er Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 People's Republic China
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules Fudan University Shanghai 200433 People's Republic China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs Shanghai 200433 People's Republic China
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Abstract
Since the beginning of the millennium, organocatalysis has been gaining a predominant role in asymmetric synthesis and it is, nowadays, a foundation of catalysis. Synergistic catalysis, combining two or more different catalytic cycles acting in concert, exploits the vast knowledge acquired in organocatalysis and other fields to perform reactions that would be otherwise impossible. Merging organocatalysis with photo-, metallo- and organocatalysis itself, researchers have ingeniously devised a range of activations. This feature review, focusing on selected synergistic catalytic approaches, aims to provide a flavor of the creativity and innovation in the area, showing ground-breaking examples of organocatalysts, such as proline derivatives, hydrogen bond-mediated, Cinchona alkaloids or phosphoric acids catalysts, which work cooperatively with different catalytic partners.
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5
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Rothermel K, Melikian M, Hioe J, Greindl J, Gramüller J, Žabka M, Sorgenfrei N, Hausler T, Morana F, Gschwind RM. Internal acidity scale and reactivity evaluation of chiral phosphoric acids with different 3,3'-substituents in Brønsted acid catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10025-10034. [PMID: 32015815 PMCID: PMC6977555 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02342a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR H-bond analysis reveals an offset of internal and external acidities of catalysts and allows for a detailed reactivity analysis.
The concept of hydrogen bonding for enhancing substrate binding and controlling selectivity and reactivity is central in catalysis. However, the properties of these key hydrogen bonds and their catalyst-dependent variations are extremely difficult to determine directly by experiments. Here, for the first time the hydrogen bond properties of a whole series of BINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalysts in their substrate complexes with various imines were investigated to derive the influence of different 3,3′-substituents on the acidity and reactivity. NMR 1H and 15N chemical shifts and 1JNH coupling constants of these hydrogen bonds were used to establish an internal acidity scale corroborated by calculations. Deviations from calculated external acidities reveal the importance of intermolecular interactions for this key feature of CPAs. For CPAs with similarly sized binding pockets, a correlation of reactivity and hydrogen bond strengths of the catalyst was found. A catalyst with a very small binding pocket showed significantly reduced reactivities. Therefore, NMR isomerization kinetics, population and chemical shift analyses of binary and ternary complexes as well as reaction kinetics were performed to address the steps of the transfer hydrogenation influencing the overall reaction rate. The results of CPAs with different 3,3′-substituents show a delicate balance between the isomerization and the ternary complex formation to be rate-determining. For CPAs with an identical acidic motif and similar sterics, reactivity and internal acidity correlated inversely. In cases where higher sterical demand within the binary complex hinders the binding of the second substrate, the correlation between acidity and reactivity breaks down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Rothermel
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Maxime Melikian
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Johnny Hioe
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Julian Greindl
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Johannes Gramüller
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Matej Žabka
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Nils Sorgenfrei
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Thomas Hausler
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Fabio Morana
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
| | - Ruth M Gschwind
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31 , D-93053 Regensburg , Germany .
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6
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Garrabou X, Macdonald DS, Hilvert D. Chemoselective Henry Condensations Catalyzed by Artificial Carboligases. Chemistry 2017; 23:6001-6003. [PMID: 28070900 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The promiscuity of de novo designed enzymes provides a privileged platform for diverse abiological reactions. In this work, we report the first example of a nitroolefin synthase that catalyzes the Henry condensation between aromatic aldehydes and nitromethane. Significant catalytic activity was discovered in the computationally designed and evolved carboligase RA95.5-8, and mutations around the active site were shown to improve the reaction rate, demonstrating the potential to optimize the enzyme by directed evolution. This novel nitroolefin synthase could participate in complex biological cascades, whereby the highly tunable chemoselectivity could afford useful synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Garrabou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Donald Hilvert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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7
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Switchable regioselectivity in amine-catalysed asymmetric cycloadditions. Nat Chem 2017; 9:590-594. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Gurubrahamam R, Chen YM, Huang WY, Chan YT, Chang HK, Tsai MK, Chen K. Dihydrooxazine N-Oxide Intermediates as Resting States in Organocatalytic Kinetic Resolution of Functionalized Nitroallylic Amines with Aldehydes. Org Lett 2016; 18:3046-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramani Gurubrahamam
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yan ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Wan-Yun Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yu-Te Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Hsiang-Kai Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ming-Kang Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Kwunmin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan R.O.C
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9
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Organocatalytic, Asymmetric [2+2+2] Annulation to Construct Six-Membered Spirocyclic Oxindoles with Six Continuous Stereogenic Centers. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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10
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Ramachary DB, Shruthi KS, Madhavachary R. A Modularly Designed Supramolecular Organocatalyst as an Effective Stimulant for the Highly Asymmetric Michael Addition of Ketones to Nitro Olefins. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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11
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Experimental and Theoretical Studies in Hydrogen-Bonding Organocatalysis. Molecules 2015; 20:15500-24. [PMID: 26343615 PMCID: PMC6331831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200915500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral thioureas and squaramides are among the most prominent hydrogen-bond bifunctional organocatalysts now extensively used for various transformations, including aldol, Michael, Mannich and Diels-Alder reactions. More importantly, the experimental and computational study of the mode of activation has begun to attract considerable attention. Various experimental, spectroscopic and calculation methods are now frequently used, often as an integrated approach, to establish the reaction mechanism, the mode of activation or explain the stereochemical outcome of the reaction. This article comprises several case studies, sorted according to the method used in their study. The aim of this review is to give the investigators an overview of the methods currently utilized for mechanistic investigations in hydrogen-bonding organocatalysis.
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12
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Abstract
This review focuses on enantioselective cooperative catalytic reactions, wherein two catalysts work simultaneously to form products which cannot be obtained by the use of a single catalyst alone, which have attracted considerable attention in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleman M. Inamdar
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411 008
- India
| | - Valmik S. Shinde
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411 008
- India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411 008
- India
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13
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Liu Y, Wang X, Wang X, He W. Highly enantioselective Michael addition of diethyl malonate to chalcones catalyzed by cinchona alkaloids-derivatived bifunctional tertiary amine-thioureas bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3163-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00203b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Both enantiomers of diethyl 2-(3-oxo-1,3-arylpropyl)malonate are easily prepared by a highly enantioselective Michael addition of diethyl malonate with chalcones catalyzed by cinchona alkaloids-derivatived organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Xie Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Fourth Military Medical University
- Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
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14
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Mori K, Wakazawa M, Akiyama T. Stereoselective construction of all-carbon quaternary center by means of chiral phosphoric acid: highly enantioselective Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with β,β-disubstituted nitroalkenes. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc53542h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with β-alkoxycarbonyl-β-disubstituted nitroalkenes was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Mori
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University
- Toshima-ku, Japan
| | - Manari Wakazawa
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University
- Toshima-ku, Japan
| | - Takahiko Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University
- Toshima-ku, Japan
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15
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Duschmalé J, Kohrt S, Wennemers H. Peptide catalysis in aqueous emulsions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8109-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01759e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Bächle F, Duschmalé J, Ebner C, Pfaltz A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins: Identification of Catalytic Intermediates and the Stereoselectivity-Determining Step by ESI-MS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Bächle F, Duschmalé J, Ebner C, Pfaltz A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Nitroolefins: Identification of Catalytic Intermediates and the Stereoselectivity-Determining Step by ESI-MS. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:12619-23. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Oonishi Y, Gómez-Suárez A, Martin AR, Nolan SP. Hydrophenoxylation of Alkynes by Cooperative Gold Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Oonishi Y, Gómez-Suárez A, Martin AR, Nolan SP. Hydrophenoxylation of Alkynes by Cooperative Gold Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:9767-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Kastl R, Wennemers H. Peptide-Catalyzed Stereoselective Conjugate Addition Reactions Generating All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201301583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Kastl R, Wennemers H. Peptide-Catalyzed Stereoselective Conjugate Addition Reactions Generating All-Carbon Quaternary Stereogenic Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:7228-32. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201301583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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22
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Yang W, Jiang KZ, Lu X, Yang HM, Li L, Lu Y, Xu LW. Molecular assembly of an achiral phosphine and a chiral primary amine: a highly efficient supramolecular catalyst for the enantioselective Michael reaction of aldehydes with maleimides. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1182-90. [PMID: 23554319 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A combined catalyst system of a cinchonidine-derived primary amine and triphenylphosphine (CD-NH2 /PPh3 ) exhibited high catalytic performance in the Michael reaction of aldehydes with maleimides, thereby affording the corresponding functionalized aldehydes in excellent yields (up to 99 %) and enantioselectivities (>99 % ee). More interestingly, the significance of the phosphine in enhancing the enantioselectivities in the chiral-primary-amine-catalyzed Michael reaction was revealed. Furthermore, we explored the origin of the reaction mechanism in the Michael addition promoted by the dual organocatalytic system. On the basis of experimental results and spectroscopic analysis, such as UV/Vis, fluorescence emission (FL), NMR, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, as well as ESI-MS, we found that the molecular assembly of phosphine and primary amine played a crucial role in this enantioselective reaction, in which a possible supramolecular complex was formed as an effective chiral catalyst through noncovalent molecular interactions of a cinchona alkaloid-derived primary amine with triphenylphosphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
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23
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Mustard TJL, Mack DJ, Njardarson JT, Cheong PHY. Mechanism and the Origins of Stereospecificity in Copper-Catalyzed Ring Expansion of Vinyl Oxiranes: A Traceless Dual Transition-Metal-Mediated Process. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:1471-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310065z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. L. Mustard
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis,
Oregon 97331-4003, United States
| | - Daniel J. Mack
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Boulevard, Tucson,
Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis,
Oregon 97331-4003, United States
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Sutar RL, Joshi NN. Systematic evaluation of a few proline derivatives as catalysts for a direct aldol reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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25
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Li NK, Liu ZM, Huang XF, Zhang JX, Chen X, Wang Y, Wang XW. Enantioselective Strecker-type reaction between azomethine imines and trimethylsilyl cyanide catalyzed by a cinchona alkaloid-derived thiourea bearing multiple hydrogen-bonding donors. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41640b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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26
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Duschmalé J, Wiest J, Wiesner M, Wennemers H. Effects of internal and external carboxylic acids on the reaction pathway of organocatalytic 1,4-addition reactions between aldehydes and nitroolefins. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21832a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Sahoo G, Rahaman H, Madarász Á, Pápai I, Melarto M, Valkonen A, Pihko PM. Dihydrooxazine Oxides as Key Intermediates in Organocatalytic Michael Additions of Aldehydes to Nitroalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:13144-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Sahoo G, Rahaman H, Madarász Á, Pápai I, Melarto M, Valkonen A, Pihko PM. Dihydrooxazine Oxides as Key Intermediates in Organocatalytic Michael Additions of Aldehydes to Nitroalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Ma G, Lin S, Ibrahem I, Kubik G, Liu L, Sun J, Córdova A. Achiral Co-Catalyst Induced Switches in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions on Racemic Mixtures (RRM): From Stereodivergent RRM to Stereoconvergent Deracemization by Combination of Hydrogen Bond Donating and Chiral Amine Catalysts. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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30
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Wang L, Zhang X, Ma D. Organocatalytic Michael addition of aldehydes to trisubstituted nitroolefins. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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31
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Purkait N, Blechert S. Synthesis of Bi- and Tricyclic 1,2-Dihydroquinoline Derivatives from Arylamines and Alkynes by a Consecutive Zinc-Ammonium Salt Catalysis. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Ramachary DB, Sakthidevi R, Shruthi KS. Asymmetric supramolecular catalysis: a bio-inspired tool for the high asymmetric induction in the enamine-based Michael reactions. Chemistry 2012; 18:8008-12. [PMID: 22649025 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
King size: Utilization of large-size supramolecular rings in the pre-transition state (pre-TS) of enamine-based Michael reactions for high asymmetric induction is described. Enantiomerically pure, druglike hexahydroxanthenes with three contiguous stereocenters were synthesized through supramolecular catalysis by D-proline and quinine-NH-thiourea followed by reductive etherification from simple precursors under mild conditions (see scheme).
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Ma ZW, Liu YX, Huo LJ, Gao X, Tao JC. Doubly stereocontrolled asymmetric Michael addition of acetylacetone to nitroolefins promoted by an isosteviol-derived bifunctional thiourea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schmid MB, Zeitler K, Gschwind RM. Stabilization of Proline Enamine Carboxylates by Amine Bases. Chemistry 2012; 18:3362-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bonne D, Constantieux T, Coquerel Y, Rodriguez J. Asymmetric organocascades involving the formation of two C–heteroatom bonds from two distinct heteroatoms. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3969-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Allen AE, MacMillan DWC. Synergistic Catalysis: A Powerful Synthetic Strategy for New Reaction Development. Chem Sci 2012; 2012:633-658. [PMID: 22518271 PMCID: PMC3327486 DOI: 10.1039/c2sc00907b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 918] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergistic catalysis is a synthetic strategy wherein both the nucleophile and the electrophile are simultaneously activated by two separate and distinct catalysts to afford a single chemical transformation. This powerful catalysis strategy leads to several benefits, specifically synergistic catalysis can (i) introduce new, previously unattainable chemical transformations, (ii) improve the efficiency of existing transformations, and (iii) create or improve catalytic enantioselectivity where stereocontrol was previously absent or challenging. This perspective aims to highlight these benefits using many of the successful examples of synergistic catalysis found in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Allen
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, USA; Fax: +1 609 2585922; Tel: +1 609 2582254
| | - David W. C. MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, USA; Fax: +1 609 2585922; Tel: +1 609 2582254
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Duschmalé J, Wennemers H. Adapting to substrate challenges: peptides as catalysts for conjugate addition reactions of aldehydes to α,β-disubstituted nitroolefins. Chemistry 2011; 18:1111-20. [PMID: 22189758 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Conjugate addition reactions of aldehydes to α,β-disubstituted nitroolefins are important because they provide synthetically useful γ-nitroaldehydes bearing three consecutive stereogenic centers. Such reactions are challenging due to the drastically lower reactivity of α,β-disubstituted nitroolefins compared to, for example, β-monosubstituted nitroolefins. The testing of a small collection of peptides of the type Pro-Pro-Xaa (Xaa=acidic amino acid) led to the identification of H-Pro-Pro-D-Gln-OH and H-Pro-Pro-Asn-OH as excellent stereoselective catalysts for this transformation. In the presence of 5 mol% of these peptides different combinations of aldehydes and α,β-disubstituted nitroolefins react readily with each other providing γ-nitroaldehydes in good yields and diastereoselectivities as well as excellent enantioselectivities. Chiral pyrrolidines as well as fully substituted γ-butyrolactams and γ-amino acids are easily accessible from the γ-nitroaldehydes. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the configuration at all three stereogenic centers is induced by the peptidic catalysts. Only a minimal amount of products from homo-aldol reactions is observed demonstrating the high chemoselectivity of the peptidic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Duschmalé
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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