1
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Hiebert P, Antoniazzi G, Aronoff M, Werner S, Wennemers H. A lysyl oxidase-responsive collagen peptide illuminates collagen remodeling in wound healing. Matrix Biol 2024; 128:11-20. [PMID: 38382767 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Tissue repair and fibrosis involve the dynamic remodeling of collagen, and accurate detection of these sites is of utmost importance. Here, we use a collagen peptide sensor (1) to visualize collagen formation and remodeling during wound healing in mice and humans. We show that the probe binds selectively to sites of collagen formation and remodeling at different stages of healing. Compared to conventional methods, the peptide sensor localizes preferentially to areas of collagen synthesis and remodeling at the wound edge and not in matured fibrillar collagen. We also demonstrate its applicability for in vivo wound imaging and for discerning differential remodeling in wounds of transgenic mice with altered collagen dynamics. Our findings show the value of 1 as a diagnostic tool to rapidly identify the sites of matrix remodeling in tissue sections, which will aid in the conception of new therapeutic strategies for fibrotic disorders and defective tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hiebert
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Antoniazzi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Aronoff
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
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2
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Möhler JS, Pickl M, Reiter T, Simić S, Rackl JW, Kroutil W, Wennemers H. Peptide and Enzyme Catalysts Work in Concert in Stereoselective Cascade Reactions-Oxidation followed by Conjugate Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319457. [PMID: 38235524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Enzymes and peptide catalysts consist of the same building blocks but require vastly different environments to operate best. Herein, we show that an enzyme and a peptide catalyst can work together in a single reaction vessel to catalyze a two-step cascade reaction with high chemo- and stereoselectivity. Abundant linear alcohols, nitroolefins, an alcohol oxidase, and a tripeptide catalyst provided chiral γ-nitroaldehydes in aqueous buffer. High yields (up to 92 %) and stereoselectivities (up to 98 % ee) were achieved for the cascade through the rational design of the peptide catalyst and the identification of common reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper S Möhler
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Pickl
- University of Graz, Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tamara Reiter
- University of Graz, Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Simić
- University of Graz, Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jonas W Rackl
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- University of Graz, Institute of Chemistry NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-, University of Graz, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Nomura K, Fiala T, Wennemers H. Carbohydrate Co-Solutes Stabilize Collagen Triple Helices. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300860. [PMID: 38233350 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are common co-solutes for the stabilization of proteins. The effect of carbohydrate solutions on the stability of collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is, however, underexplored. In this work, we studied the thermal stability of collagen triple helices derived from a molecularly defined collagen model peptide (CMP), Ac-(Pro-Hyp-Gly)7 -NH2 , in solutions of six common mono- and disaccharides. We show that the carbohydrates stabilize the collagen triple helix in a concentration-dependent manner, with an increase of the melting temperature of up to 17 °C. In addition, we show that the stabilizing effect is similar for all studied sugars, including trehalose, which is otherwise considered a privileged bioprotectant. The results provided insight into the effects of sugar co-solutes on collagen triple helices and can aid the selection of storage environments for collagen-based materials and probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Nomura
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Fiala
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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4
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Schnitzer T, Schnurr M, Zahrt AF, Sakhaee N, Denmark SE, Wennemers H. Machine Learning to Develop Peptide Catalysts-Successes, Limitations, and Opportunities. ACS Cent Sci 2024; 10:367-373. [PMID: 38435528 PMCID: PMC10906243 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Peptides have been established as modular catalysts for various transformations. Still, the vast number of potential amino acid building blocks renders the identification of peptides with desired catalytic activity challenging. Here, we develop a machine-learning workflow for the optimization of peptide catalysts. First-in a hypothetical competition-we challenged our workflow to identify peptide catalysts for the conjugate addition reaction of aldehydes to nitroolefins and compared the performance of the predicted structures with those optimized in our laboratory. On the basis of the positive results, we established a universal training set (UTS) containing 161 catalysts to sample an in silico library of ∼30,000 tripeptide members. Finally, we challenged our machine learning strategy to identify a member of the library as a stereoselective catalyst for an annulation reaction that has not been catalyzed by a peptide thus far. We conclude with a comparison of data-driven versus expert-knowledge-guided peptide catalyst optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schnurr
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew F. Zahrt
- Roger
Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nader Sakhaee
- Roger
Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Scott E. Denmark
- Roger
Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Islami V, Bittner P, Fiala T, Hentzen NB, Zenobi R, Wennemers H. Self-Sorting Collagen Heterotrimers. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1789-1793. [PMID: 38156954 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nature uses elaborate methods to control protein assembly, including that of heterotrimeric collagen. Here, we established design principles for the composition and register-selective assembly of synthetic collagen heterotrimers. The assembly code enabled the self-sorting of eight different strands into three─out of 512 possible─triple helices via complementary (4S)-aminoproline and aspartate residues. Native ESI-MS corroborated the specific assembly into coexisting heterotrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdrin Islami
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Bittner
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Fiala
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina B Hentzen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Vela-Gallego S, Lewandowski B, Möhler J, Puente A, Gil-Cantero D, Wennemers H, de la Escosura A. Modifying the Catalytic Activity of Lipopeptide Assemblies with Nucleobases. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303395. [PMID: 37877614 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Biohybrid catalysts that operate in aqueous media are intriguing for systems chemistry. In this paper, we investigate whether control over the self-assembly of biohybrid catalysts can tune their properties. As a model, we use the catalytic activity of functional hybrid molecules consisting of a catalytic H-dPro-Pro-Glu tripeptide, derivatized with fatty acid and nucleobase moieties. This combination of simple biological components merged the catalytic properties of the peptide with the self-assembly of the lipid, and the structural ordering of the nucleobases. The biomolecule hybrids self-assemble in aqueous media into fibrillar assemblies and catalyze the reaction between butanal and nitrostyrene. The interactions between the nucleobases enhanced the order of the supramolecular structures and affected their catalytic activity and stereoselectivity. The results point to the significant control and ordering that nucleobases can provide in the self-assembly of biologically inspired supramolecular catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Vela-Gallego
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bartosz Lewandowski
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jasper Möhler
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alonso Puente
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Gil-Cantero
- Department of Structure of Macromolecules, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología / CSIC, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrés de la Escosura
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Hilvert D, Pfaltz A, Wennemers H. Albert Eschenmoser (1925-2023): A Giant of Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315565. [PMID: 37933996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Albert Eschenmoser, one of the greatest organic chemists of the past hundred years, died on July 14, 2023 at the age of 97. The extraordinary breadth of his scientific contributions ranged from synthetic methodology, structure elucidation, and synthesis of natural products to the chemical etiology of biomolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Hilvert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pfaltz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Antoniazzi G, Schäfer RJB, Biedermann M, Rüttimann E, Wennemers H. Isonitrile-Proline - A Versatile Handle for the Chemoselective Derivatization of Collagen Peptides. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302389. [PMID: 37498143 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Functional groups that allow for chemoselective and bioorthogonal derivatization are valuable tools for the labelling of peptides and proteins. The isonitrile is such a group but synthetic methods for its incorporation into peptides by solid-phase peptide synthesis are not known. Here, we introduce (4S)- and (4R)-isonitrileproline (Inp) as building blocks for solid-phase peptide synthesis. Conformational studies of (4S)- and (4R)-Inp and thermal stability analysis of Inp-containing collagen triple helices revealed that the isonitrile group exerts a stereoelectronic gauche effect. We showcase the value of Inp for bioorthogonal labelling by derivatization of Inp-containing collagen model peptides (CMPs). Dual labelling with a pair of bioorthogonal reactions of a CMP containing Inp and azidoproline residues further highlights the versatility of the new isonitrile-containing amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Antoniazzi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca J B Schäfer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Biedermann
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eric Rüttimann
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Schnurr M, Rackl JW, Wennemers H. Overcoming Deactivation of Amine-Based Catalysts: Access to Fluoroalkylated γ-Nitroaldehydes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23275-23280. [PMID: 37845230 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Organocatalytic conjugate addition reactions of aldehydes to fluoroalkylated nitroolefins with chiral amine catalysts offer a straightforward stereoselective path to fluoroalkylated γ-nitroaldehydes and downstream derivatives. However, amine-based catalysts suffer from deactivation by reaction with electron-poor fluoroalkylated nitroolefin. Here, we show that catalyst deactivation can be overcome by catalysts that bear an intramolecular acid for protonation and release of the alkylated catalyst through ß-elimination of the nitroolefin. NMR spectroscopic, kinetic, and molecular modeling studies provided detailed structural and mechanistic insights into the factors that control reversible catalyst alkylation and facilitate efficient catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Schnurr
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jonas W Rackl
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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10
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Markos A, Biedermann M, Heimgärtner J, Schmitt A, Lang K, Wennemers H. Introducing Azomethine Imines to Chemical Biology: Bioorthogonal Reaction with Isonitriles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19513-19517. [PMID: 37642301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Azomethine imines are valuable substrates for chemical synthesis in organic solvents that often require anhydrous conditions. Here, we introduce C,N-cyclic-N'-acyl azomethine imines (AMIs) to bioorthogonal reactions in an aqueous environment. These AMIs are stable under physiological conditions and react rapidly (k2 = 0.1-250 M-1 s-1, depending on pH) and chemoselectively with isonitriles in the presence of biological nucleophiles, including thiols. Live-cell imaging of cell-surface-bound isonitriles underlines the biocompatibility of the AMI-isonitrile ligation, and simultaneous one-pot triple-protein labeling demonstrates its orthogonality to commonly used bioorthogonal reactions, such as the SPAAC and iEDDA ligations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Markos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Biedermann
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Heimgärtner
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adeline Schmitt
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Lang
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Abstract
N-terminal acylation is a common tool for the installation of functional moieties (e.g., sensors or bioactive molecules) on collagen model peptides (CMPs). The N-acyl group and its length are generally assumed to have little or no influence on the properties of the collagen triple helix formed by the CMP. Here, we show that the length of short (C1-C4) acyl capping groups has different effects on the thermal stability of collagen triple helices in POG, OGP, and GPO frames. While the effect of different capping groups on the stability of triple helices in the GPO frame is negligible, longer acyl chains stabilize OGP triple helices but destabilize POG analogues. The observed trends arise from a combination of steric repulsion, the hydrophobic effect, and n → π* interactions. Our study provides a basis for the design of N-terminally functionalized CMPs with predictable effects on triple helix stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Fiala
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Heeb
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Vigliotti
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Lewandowski B, Schäfer RJB, Cotter E, Harangozo D, Wennemers H. Catalytic templated length-controlled oligomerization. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:119-133. [PMID: 37185626 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Templated synthesis is an intriguing strategy for the length-controlled synthesis of oligomers. Traditionally, such reactions require stoichiometric amounts of the template with respect to the product. Recently we reported catalytic macrocyclic templates that promote oligomerization of a small molecule substrate with a remarkable degree of length control. Herein we present our efforts toward creating linear templates for catalytic length-controlled oligomer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Lewandowski
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Rebecca J B Schäfer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Etienne Cotter
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Dora Harangozo
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Beweries T, Buchmeiser MR, Champness NR, Costas M, Duhme-Klair A, Echeverría J, Eisenstein O, Ferguson CTJ, Goodall JC, Gramage-Doria R, Gyton M, Ham R, Herres-Pawlis S, Johnson CL, Kennepohl P, Lewandowski B, Linnebank PR, Macgregor SA, Mahmudov KT, Meeus E, Navarro M, Ntola P, Parac-Vogt TN, Perutz RN, Poater A, Powers DC, Pullen S, Raithby PR, Reek JNH, Ward TR, Weller AS, Wennemers H. Manipulate - techniques to manipulate the surroundings of a synthetic catalyst to control activity and selectivity: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:96-118. [PMID: 37436131 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd90013d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
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14
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Beweries T, Buchmeiser MR, Bugden FE, Champness NR, Chanbasha B, Costas M, Echeverria J, Eisenstein O, Ferguson C, Goodall JC, Gramage-Doria R, Greenhalgh M, Gyton M, Ham R, Kennepohl P, Lewandowski B, Liu WC, Macgregor SA, Mahmudov KT, Meeus E, Morris J, Ntola P, Parac-Vogt TN, Perutz RN, Poater A, Powers D, Raithby PR, Reek JNH, Riddell I, Ward TR, Weller AS, Wennemers H. Make - underpinning concepts of the synthesis of systems where non-covalent interactions are important: general discussion. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:434-454. [PMID: 37486614 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd90012f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
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15
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Budinská A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Triflones Bearing Two Non‐adjacent Stereogenic Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202300537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Budinská
- Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratory of Organic Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, D-CHAB, HCI H313 8093 Zürich SWITZERLAND
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16
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Budinská A, Wennemers H. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Triflones Bearing Two Non-Adjacent Stereogenic Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300537. [PMID: 36847408 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylsulfones (triflones) are useful compounds for synthesis and beyond. Yet, methods to access chiral triflones are scarce. Here, we present a mild and efficient organocatalytic method for the stereoselective synthesis of chiral triflones using α-aryl vinyl triflones, building blocks previously unexplored in asymmetric synthesis. The peptide-catalyzed reaction gives rise to a broad range of γ-triflylaldehydes with two non-adjacent stereogenic centers in high yields and stereoselectivities. A catalyst-controlled stereoselective protonation following a C-C bond formation is key to control over the absolute and relative configuration. Straightforward derivatization of the products into, e.g., disubstituted δ-sultones, γ-lactones, and pyrrolidine heterocycles highlights the synthetic versatility of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Budinská
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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17
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Schäfer RJB, Wilson K, Biedermann M, Moore BS, Sieber S, Wennemers H. Identification of Isonitrile-Containing Natural Products in Complex Biological Matrices through Ligation with Chlorooximes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203277. [PMID: 36331430 PMCID: PMC9892309 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Isonitrile-containing natural products have garnered attention for their manifold bioactivities but are difficult to detect and isolate due to the chemical lability of the isonitrile functional group. Here, we used the isonitrile-chlorooxime ligation (INC) in a reactivity-based screening (RBS) protocol for the detection and isolation of alkaloid and terpene isonitriles in the cyanobacterium Fischerella ambigua and a marine sponge of the order Bubarida, respectively. A trifunctional probe bearing a chlorooxime moiety, a UV active aromatic moiety, and a bromine label facilitated the chemoselective reaction with isonitriles, UV-Vis spectroscopic detection, and mass spectrometric analysis. The INC-based RBS allowed for the detection, isolation, and structural elucidation of isonitriles in microgram quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. B. Schäfer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland,Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kayla Wilson
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maurice Biedermann
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bradley S. Moore
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, United States
| | - Simon Sieber
- University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Fiala T, Barros EP, Heeb R, Riniker S, Wennemers H. Predicting Collagen Triple Helix Stability through Additive Effects of Terminal Residues and Caps. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214728. [PMID: 36409045 PMCID: PMC10108146 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Collagen model peptides (CMPs) consisting of proline-(2S,4R)-hydroxyproline-glycine (POG) repeats have provided a breadth of knowledge of the triple helical structure of collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals. Predictive tools for triple helix stability have, however, lagged behind since the effect of CMPs with different frames ([POG]n , [OGP]n , or [GPO]n ) and capped or uncapped termini have so far been underestimated. Here, we elucidated the impact of the frame, terminal functional group and its charge on the stability of collagen triple helices. Combined experimental and theoretical studies with frame-shifted, capped and uncapped CMPs revealed that electrostatic interactions, strand preorganization, interstrand H-bonding, and steric repulsion at the termini contribute to triple helix stability. We show that these individual contributions are additive and allow for the prediction of the melting temperatures of CMP trimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Fiala
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emilia P Barros
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Heeb
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sereina Riniker
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Schnitzer T, Trapp N, Fischer LM, Wennemers H. Crystal structure analysis of N-acetylated proline and ring size analogs. J Pept Sci 2022; 29:e3473. [PMID: 36579722 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures of N-acetylated proline and homologs with four- and six-membered rings (azetidine carboxylic acid and piperidine carboxylic acid) were obtained and compared. The distinctly different conformations of the four-, five-, and six-membered rings reflect Bayer strain, n → π* interaction, and allylic strain, and result in crystal lattices with a zigzag structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa-Marie Fischer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Fiala T, Barros EP, Heeb R, Riniker S, Wennemers H. Predicting Collagen Triple Helix Stability through Additive Effects of Terminal Residues and Caps. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202214728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Fiala
- ETH Zürich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Emilia Pecora Barros
- ETH Zurich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Rahel Heeb
- ETH Zurich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Sereina Riniker
- ETH Zurich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences SWITZERLAND
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, D-CHAB, HCI H313 8093 Zürich SWITZERLAND
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21
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Borrmann R, Zetschok D, Wennemers H. Decarboxylative Organocatalyzed Aldol-Type Addition Reaction of Chloroacetate Surrogates. Org Lett 2022; 24:8683-8687. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Borrmann
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Zetschok
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Fiala T, Barros EP, Ebert MO, Ruijsenaars E, Riniker S, Wennemers H. Frame Shifts Affect the Stability of Collagen Triple Helices. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18642-18649. [PMID: 36179150 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Collagen model peptides (CMPs), composed of proline-(2S,4R)-hydroxyproline-glycine (POG) repeat units, have been extensively used to study the structure and stability of triple-helical collagen─the dominant structural protein in mammals─at the molecular level. Despite the more than 50-year history of CMPs and numerous studies on the relationship between the composition of single-stranded CMPs and the thermal stability of the assembled triple helices, little attention has been paid to the effects arising from their terminal residues. Here, we show that frame-shifted CMPs, which share POG repeat units but terminate with P, O, or G, form triple helices with vastly different thermal stabilities. A melting temperature difference as high as 16 °C was found for triple helices from 20-mers Ac-OG[POG]6-NH2 and Ac-[POG]6PO-NH2, and triple helices of the constitutional isomers Ac-[POG]7-NH2 and Ac-[GPO]7-NH2 melt 10 °C apart. A combination of thermal denaturation, circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopic studies, and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the stability differences originate from the propensity of the peptide termini to preorganize into a polyproline-II helical structure. Our results advise that care must be taken when designing peptide mimics of structural proteins, as subtle changes in the terminal residues can significantly affect their properties. Our findings also provide a general and straightforward tool for tuning the stability of CMPs for applications as synthetic materials and biological probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Fiala
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Emilia P Barros
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Olivier Ebert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Ruijsenaars
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Sereina Riniker
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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23
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Möhler JS, Beiersdörfer LK, Masina B, Wechsler P, Wennemers H. Tripeptide Organocatalysts for Stereoselective Conjugate Addition Reactions with N‐Heterocyclic Substituents. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Vastakaite G, Grünenfelder CE, Wennemers H. Peptide‐Catalyzed Stereoselective Conjugate Addition Reaction of Aldehydes to
C
‐Substituted Maleimides. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200215. [PMID: 35089626 PMCID: PMC9306895 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic stereoselective additions with maleimides are useful one‐step reactions to yield chiral succinimides, molecules that are widespread among therapeutically active compounds but challenging to prepare when the maleimide is C‐substituted. We present the tripeptide H‐Pro‐Pro‐Asp‐NHC12H25 as a catalyst for conjugate addition reactions between aldehydes and C‐substituted maleimides to form succinimides with three contiguous stereogenic centers in high yields and stereoselectivities. The peptidic catalyst is so chemoselective that no protecting group is needed at the imide nitrogen of the maleimides. Derivatization of the succinimides was straightforward and provided access to chiral pyrrolidines, lactones, and lactams. Kinetic studies, including a Hammett plot, provided detailed insight into the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Vastakaite
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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25
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Schnitzer T, Rackl JW, Wennemers H. Stereoselective Peptide Catalysis in Complex Environments – From River Water to Cell Lysates. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8963-8967. [PMID: 36091207 PMCID: PMC9365096 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02044k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many stereoselective peptide catalysts have been established. They consist, like nature's catalysts, of amino acids but have significantly lower molecular weights than enzymes. Whereas enzymes operate with exquisite chemoselectivity in complex biological environments, peptide catalysts are used in pure organic solvents and at higher concentrations. Can a peptide catalyst exhibit chemoselectivity reminiscent of enzymes? Here, we investigated the properties of tripeptide catalysts in complex mixtures in hydrophobic and aqueous solvents. We challenged the catalysts with biomolecules bearing functional groups that could interfere by coordination or reaction with the peptide, the substrates, or intermediates. H-dPro-αMePro-Glu-NHC12H15 emerged through tailoring of the trans/cis ratio of the tertiary amide as a conformationally well-defined tripeptide that catalyzes C–C bond formations with high reactivity and stereoselectivity – regardless of the solvent and compound composition. The chemoselectivity of the tripeptide is so high that it even catalyzes reactions in cell lysates. The findings provoke the question of the potential role of peptide catalysis in nature and during the evolution of enzymes. The reactivity, stereo-, and chemoselectivity of a tripeptide are so high that it catalyzes conjugate addition reactions with high stereoselectivity in complex compound mixtures—even in cell lysates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jonas W Rackl
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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26
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Abstract
The combination of a peptide catalyst and a gold catalyst is presented for enantioselective addition reactions between branched aldehydes and allenamides. The two catalysts act in concert to provide γ,δ‐enamide aldehydes bearing a fully substituted, benzylic stereogenic center – a structural motif common in many natural products and therapeutically active compounds – with good yields and enantioselectivities. The reaction tolerates a variety of alkyl and alkoxy substituted aldehydes and the products can be elaborated into several chiral building blocks bearing either 1,4‐ or 1,5‐ functional group relationships. Mechanistic studies showed that the conformational features of the peptide are important for both the catalytic efficiency and stereochemistry, while a balance of acid/base additives is key for ensuring formation of the desired product over undesired side reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo D M Nicholls
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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27
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Wennemers H. Peptides - Molecular Allrounders. Chimia (Aarau) 2021; 75:525-529. [PMID: 34233818 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2021.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The enormous structural and functional diversity available through combining different amino acids into peptides offers numerous exciting opportunities. This article summarizes recent research highlights from my laboratory in the areas of asymmetric catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, and chemical biology. This scope includes the development of bioinspired peptide catalysts, synthetic collagen peptides, supramolecular porous assemblies, and cell-penetrating peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helma Wennemers
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich;,
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28
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Aronoff MR, Hiebert P, Hentzen NB, Werner S, Wennemers H. Imaging and targeting LOX-mediated tissue remodeling with a reactive collagen peptide. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:865-871. [PMID: 34253910 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Collagens are fibrous proteins that are integral to the strength and stability of connective tissues. During collagen maturation, lysyl oxidases (LOX) initiate the cross-linking of fibers, but abnormal LOX activity is associated with impaired tissue function as seen in fibrotic and malignant diseases. Visualizing and targeting this dynamic process in healthy and diseased tissue is important, but so far not feasible. Here we present a probe for the simultaneous monitoring and targeting of LOX-mediated collagen cross-linking that combines a LOX-activity sensor with a collagen peptide to chemoselectively target endogenous aldehydes generated by LOX. This synergistic probe becomes covalently anchored and lights up in vivo and in situ in response to LOX at the sites where cross-linking occurs, as demonstrated by staining of normal skin and cancer sections. We anticipate that our reactive collagen-based sensor will improve understanding of collagen remodeling and provide opportunities for the diagnosis of fibrotic and malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Hiebert
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina B Hentzen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Werner
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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29
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952-2020): 40 Years of Organic Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11562-11567. [PMID: 33909942 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
François Diederich, Professor of Organic Chemistry and long-time Chair of the Editorial Board of Angewandte Chemie, sadly passed away on September 23, 2020. He will be remembered for his groundbreaking research in the chemistry of fullerenes and carbon-rich molecules, in supramolecular and medicinal chemistry, as an engaging teacher, and as a generous and fascinating human being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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30
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Thilgen C, Wennemers H, Carell T. François Diederich (1952–2020): 40 Jahre Organische Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Thilgen
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften ETH Zürich
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department für Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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31
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Egli J, Esposito C, Müri M, Riniker S, Wennemers H. Influence of Lipidation on the Folding and Stability of Collagen Triple Helices-An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5937-5942. [PMID: 33830753 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The folding of triple-helical collagen, the most abundant protein in nature, relies on the nucleation and propagation along the strands. Hydrophobic moieties are crucial for the folding and stability of numerous proteins. Instead, nature uses for collagen a trimerization domain and cis-trans prolyl isomerases to facilitate and accelerate triple helix formation. Yet, pendant hydrophobic moieties endow triple-helical collagen with hyperstability and accelerate the cis-trans isomerization to an extent that thermally induced unfolding and folding of collagen triple helices take place at the same speed. Here, we systematically explored the effect of pendant fatty acids on the folding and stability of collagen triple helices. Thermal denaturation and kinetic studies with a series of collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) bearing saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with different lengths revealed that longer and more flexible fatty acid appendages increase the stability and the folding rate of collagen triple helices. Molecular dynamics simulations combined with experimental data indicate that the hydrophobic appendages stabilize the triple helix by interaction with the grooves of the collagen triple helix and accelerate the folding and unfolding process by creating a molten globule-like intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Egli
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Esposito
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mike Müri
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sereina Riniker
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Lamers B, Herdlitschka A, Schnitzer T, Mabesoone MF, Schoenmakers SM, de Waal BF, Palmans AR, Wennemers H, Meijer E. Oligodimethylsiloxane-Oligoproline Block Co-Oligomers: the Interplay between Aggregation and Phase Segregation in Bulk and Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4032-4042. [PMID: 33660998 PMCID: PMC8041288 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Discrete block co-oligomers (BCOs) assemble into highly ordered nanostructures, which adopt a variety of morphologies depending on their environment. Here, we present a series of discrete oligodimethylsiloxane-oligoproline (oDMS-oPro) BCOs with varying oligomer lengths and proline end-groups, and study the nanostructures formed in both bulk and solution. The conjugation of oligoprolines to apolar siloxanes permits a study of the aggregation behavior of oligoproline moieties in a variety of solvents, including a highly apolar solvent like methylcyclohexane. The apolar solvent is more reminiscent of the polarity of the siloxane bulk, which gives insights into the supramolecular interactions that govern both bulk and solution assembly processes of the oligoproline. This extensive structural characterization allows the bridging of the gap between solution and bulk assembly. The interplay between the aggregation of the oligoproline block and the phase segregation induced by the siloxane drives the assembly. This gives rise to disordered, micellar microstructures in apolar solution and crystallization-driven lamellar nanostructures in the bulk. While most di- and triblock co-oligomers adopt predictable morphological features, one of them, oDMS15-oPro6-NH2, exhibits pathway complexity leading to gel formation. The pathway selection in the complex interplay between aggregation and phase segregation gives rise to interesting material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte
A.G. Lamers
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Herdlitschka
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs F.J. Mabesoone
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M.C. Schoenmakers
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas F.M. de Waal
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R.A. Palmans
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E.W. Meijer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and
Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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33
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Zetschok D, Heieck L, Wennemers H. Decarboxylative Organocatalyzed Addition Reactions of Fluoroacetate Surrogates for the Synthesis of Fluorinated Oxindoles. Org Lett 2021; 23:1753-1757. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Zetschok
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Heieck
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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34
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Schnitzer T, Paenurk E, Trapp N, Gershoni-Poranne R, Wennemers H. Peptide-Metal Frameworks with Metal Strings Guided by Dispersion Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:644-648. [PMID: 33417437 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite impressive advances in the construction of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), the formation of networks from peptidic ligands is difficult, though they are sought after for their modularity and biocompatibility. Herein we present a peptide-metal framework that consists of helical oligoproline ligands and Zn/K (or Zn/Rb). The crystalline network contains pleated nanosheets with the metal ions aligned in strings. This unprecedented architecture derives from under-appreciated London dispersion interactions between the oligoproline ligands that play in concert with the metal coordination to create the network. Hence, the secondary structure of the peptidic ligand represents an additional control element for the creation of new MOF architectures. We anticipate that our results will instruct the design of further peptidic MOFs and enable the generation of versatile biocompatible materials.
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35
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Schnitzer T, Ganzoni RL, Wennemers H. Impact of the β-turn hydrogen bond on the trans/cis ratio and the performance of the peptide catalyst H-dPro-Pro-Glu-NH2. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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Möhler JS, Schnitzer T, Wennemers H. Amine Catalysis with Substrates Bearing N-Heterocyclic Moieties Enabled by Control over the Enamine Pyramidalization Direction. Chemistry 2020; 26:15623-15628. [PMID: 32573875 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stereoselective organocatalytic C-C bond formations that tolerate N-heterocycles are valuable since these moieties are common motifs in numerous chiral bioactive compounds. Such transformations are, however, challenging since N-heterocyclic moieties can interfere with the catalytic reaction. Here, we present a peptide that catalyzes conjugate addition reactions between aldehydes and nitroolefins bearing a broad range of different N-heterocyclic moieties with basic and/or H-bonding sites in excellent yields and stereoselectivities. Tuning of the pyramidalization direction of the enamine intermediate enabled the high stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper S Möhler
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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37
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Dobitz S, Wilhelm P, Romantini N, De Foresta M, Walther C, Ritler A, Schibli R, Berger P, Deupi X, Béhé M, Wennemers H. Distance-Dependent Cellular Uptake of Oligoproline-Based Homobivalent Ligands Targeting GPCRs-An Experimental and Computational Analysis. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2431-2438. [PMID: 33047605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor targeting with bivalent radiolabeled ligands for GPCRs is an attractive means for cancer imaging and therapy. Here, we studied and compared the distance dependence of homobivalent ligands for the human gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (hGRP-R) and the somatostatin receptor subtype II (hSstR2a). Oligoprolines were utilized as molecular scaffolds to enable distances of 10, 20, or 30 Å between two identical, agonistic recognition motifs. In vitro internalization assays revealed that ligands with a distance of 20 Å between the recognition motifs exhibit the highest cellular uptake in both ligand series. Structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations support an optimal distance of 20 Å for accommodating ligand binding to both binding sites of a GPCR dimer. Translation of these findings to the significantly higher complexity in vivo proved difficult and showed only for the hGRP-R increased tumor uptake of the bivalent ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Dobitz
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Wilhelm
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Romantini
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martina De Foresta
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Walther
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Ritler
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Berger
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research and Condensed Matter Theory Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Deupi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research and Condensed Matter Theory Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Béhé
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, D-CHAB, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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38
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Li M, Puschmann R, Herdlitschka A, Fiedler D, Wennemers H. Delivery of
myo
‐Inositol Hexakisphosphate to the Cell Nucleus with a Proline‐Based Cell‐Penetrating Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Robert Puschmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie Robert-Rössle-Straße 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Herdlitschka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie Robert-Rössle-Straße 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Institute of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Straße 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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39
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Beck-Sickinger AG, Carell T, Dehnen S, Leitner W, Schreiner PR, Wennemers H. From Scientists to Scientists-Moving Angewandte into the Future. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12548-12549. [PMID: 32583934 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of Chemistry, LMU München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, 45470, Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany.,Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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40
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Beck‐Sickinger AG, Carell T, Dehnen S, Leitner W, Schreiner PR, Wennemers H. From Scientists to Scientists—Moving
Angewandte
into the Future. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annette G. Beck‐Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry Faculty of Life Sciences Leipzig University Brüderstraße 34 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Thomas Carell
- Department of Chemistry LMU München Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 München Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW) Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstraße 34–36 45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr Germany
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie RWTH Aachen University Worringer Weg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zurich Switzerland
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41
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Abstract
Despite intense interest in amine-catalyzed stereoselective reactions, high catalyst loadings of ≥10 mol % are still common and either due to low reactivity or catalyst deactivation. Yet, few deactivation pathways are well understood. Here, we unraveled the deactivation of secondary amines by undesired aldol reaction. Mechanistic studies with peptide and prolinol silyl ether catalysts showed the generality of this so-far underappreciated catalyst deactivation pathway. The insights enabled conjugate addition reactions between aldehydes and nitroolefins on a multigram scale in the absence of solvent-conditions that are attractive as environmentally benign processes-with excellent product yields and stereoselectivities in the presence of as little as 0.1 mol % of a chemoselective peptidic catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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42
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Aronoff MR, Egli J, Schmitt A, Wennemers H. Alkylation of γ‐Azaproline Creates Conformationally Adaptable Proline Derivatives for pH‐Responsive Collagen Triple Helices. Chemistry 2020; 26:5070-5074. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Aronoff
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jasmine Egli
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Adeline Schmitt
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic ChemistryETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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43
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Hentzen NB, Islami V, Köhler M, Zenobi R, Wennemers H. A Lateral Salt Bridge for the Specific Assembly of an ABC-Type Collagen Heterotrimer. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2208-2212. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina B. Hentzen
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valdrin Islami
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Köhler
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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44
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Abstract
Chiral secondary amines are valuable catalysts for reactions that proceed through an enamine intermediate. Here, we explored the importance of the pyramidalization direction of the enamine-N on the reactivity of chiral enamines with a combination of computational, NMR spectroscopic, and kinetic experiments. Studies with peptidic catalysts that bear cyclic amines with different ring sizes revealed that endo-pyramidalized enamines are significantly more reactive compared to exo-pyramidalized analogs. The results show that the pyramidalization direction can have a greater effect than n→π* orbital overlap on the reactivity of chiral enamines. The data enabled the development of a catalyst with higher reactivity compared to the parent catalyst. Endo-pyramidalisation at nitrogen bestows enamines derived from α-substituted amines with higher reactivity compared to exo-pyramidalisation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jasper S Möhler
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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45
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Köhler M, Marchand A, Hentzen NB, Egli J, Begley AI, Wennemers H, Zenobi R. Temperature-controlled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as a tool to study collagen homo- and heterotrimers. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9829-9835. [PMID: 32015805 PMCID: PMC6977553 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03248g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen model peptides are useful for understanding the assembly and structure of collagen triple helices. The design of self-assembling heterotrimeric helices is particularly challenging and often affords mixtures of non-covalent assemblies that are difficult to characterize by conventional NMR and CD spectroscopic techniques. This can render a detailed understanding of the factors that control heterotrimer formation difficult and restrict rational design. Here, we present a novel method based on electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to investigate homo- and heterotrimeric collagen model peptides. Under native conditions, the high resolving power of mass spectrometry was used to access the stoichiometric composition of different triple helices in complex mixtures. A temperature-controlled electrospray ionization source was built to perform thermal denaturation experiments and provided melting temperatures of triple helices. These were found to be in good agreement with values obtained from CD spectroscopic measurements. Importantly, for mixtures of coexisting homo- and heterotrimers, which are difficult to analyze by conventional methods, our technique allowed for the identification and monitoring of the unfolding of each individual species. Their respective melting temperatures could easily be accessed in a single experiment, using small amounts of sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Köhler
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Adrien Marchand
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Nina B Hentzen
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Jasmine Egli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Alina I Begley
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zurich , 8093 , Zurich , Switzerland . ;
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. B. Schäfer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Mattia R. Monaco
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Mao Li
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Alina Tirla
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Rivera-Fuentes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, D-CHAB, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Egli
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Schnitzer
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes C. B. Dietschreit
- Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Ochsenfeld
- Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 7, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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48
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Abstract
Weaving of organic compounds on the molecular level is an intriguing challenge and promises to provide materials that combine high elasticity with strength and fracture toughness. Yet, the formation of crossing points between molecular threads in defined and regular distances to create
an interwoven network is not trivial. To date, only a few examples of wholly organic weaves have been reported. Within this review we present the different strategies that enabled their formation and highlight the structural features of the obtained nanostructured materials. We expect these
pioneering studies to pave the way to many more organic molecular weaves with more and more sophisticated topologies and exquisite mechanical properties.
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49
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Ochs NAK, Lewandowska U, Zajaczkowski W, Corra S, Reger S, Herdlitschka A, Schmid S, Pisula W, Müllen K, Bäuerle P, Wennemers H. Oligoprolines guide the self-assembly of quaterthiophenes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5391-5396. [PMID: 31191896 PMCID: PMC6540903 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05742g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligoprolines of differing lengths control the self-assembly of quaterthiophenes into mono-layered or double-layered sheets, or helically twisted ribbons.
Control over the molecular organization of π-conjugated oligothiophenes into different types of supramolecular assemblies is key to their use in organic electronics but difficult to achieve as these chromophores have a pronounced tendency to aggregate. Herein we show that oligoprolines, which do not self-assemble on their own, control the self-assembly of quaterthiophenes. Spectroscopic, microscopic, and diffraction studies with quaterthiophene–oligoproline conjugates revealed the formation of mono- or double-layered sheets or, alternatively, helically twisted ribbons – depending on the length of the oligoproline. The dimensions of the nanoscopic objects, which extend into the micrometer regime, correlate with the molecular dimensions of the quaterthiophene–oligoproline building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nellie A K Ochs
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Urszula Lewandowska
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Wojciech Zajaczkowski
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany .
| | - Stefano Corra
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Stephan Reger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials , University of Ulm , Germany .
| | - Andreas Herdlitschka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
| | - Sylvia Schmid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials , University of Ulm , Germany .
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany . .,Department of Molecular Physics , Faculty of Chemistry , Lodz University of Technology , Zeromskiego 116 , 90-924 Lodz , Poland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany .
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials , University of Ulm , Germany .
| | - Helma Wennemers
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland .
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schnitzer
- ETH ZurichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie, D-CHAB Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Helma Wennemers
- ETH ZurichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie, D-CHAB Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
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