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Chen A, Liu S. Open Tubular Liquid Chromatographic System for Using Columns with Inner Diameter of 2 µm. A Tutorial. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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2
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Zhou Y, Guo G, Wang X. Development of
Ultranarrow‐Bore
Open Tubular High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyan Zhou
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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3
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang D, Wang X, Liu S. Extension of hydrodynamic chromatography to DNA fragment sizing and quantitation. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07904. [PMID: 34522803 PMCID: PMC8427238 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) is a technique originally developed for separating particles. We have recently extended it to DNA fragment sizing and quantitation. In this review, we focus on this extension. After we briefly introduce the history of HDC, we present the evolution of open tubular HDC for DNA fragment sizing. We cover both the theoretical aspect and the experimental implementation of this technique. We describe various approaches to execute the separation, discuss its representative applications and provide a future perspective of this technique in the conclusion section of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yingyan Zhou
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Dongtang Zhang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
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5
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Xiang P, Yang Y, Zhao Z, Wang J, Chen M, Chen A, Liu S. Performing flow injection chromatography using a narrow open tubular column. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1109:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Zhang W, Liu L, Zhang Q, Zhang D, Hu Q, Wang Y, Wang X, Pu Q, Guo G. Visual and real-time imaging focusing for highly sensitive laser-induced fluorescence detection at yoctomole levels in nanocapillaries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2423-2426. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09594b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We developed a highly sensitive laser-induced fluorescence detection system, involving visual and real-time imaging focusing instead of the use of fluorescent reagents, for the detection of analytes in nanocapillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenmei Zhang
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Lei Liu
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Qi Zhang
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Dongtang Zhang
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Qin Hu
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Yanan Wang
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- Department of Chemistry
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Center Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
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7
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Ahmed MA, Felisilda BMB, Quirino JP. Recent advancements in open-tubular liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography during 2014-2018. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1088:20-34. [PMID: 31623713 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review critically discusses the developments on open-tubular liquid chromatography (OT-LC) and open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) during 2014-2018. An appropriate Scopus search revealed 5 reviews, 4 theoretical papers on open-tubular format chromatography, 29 OT-LC articles, 68 OT-CEC articles and 4 OT-LC/OT-CEC articles, indicating a sustained interest in these areas. The open-tubular format typically uses a capillary column with inner walls that are coated with an ample layer or coating of solid stationary phase material. The ratio between the capillary internal diameter and coating thickness (CID/CT) is ideally ≤ 100 for appropriate chromatographic retention. We, therefore, approximated the CID/CT ratios and found that 22 OT-LC papers have CID/CT ratios ≤100. The other 7 OT-LC papers have CID/CT ratio >100 but have clearly demonstrated chromatographic retention. These 29 papers utilised reversed phase or ion exchange mechanisms using known or innovative solid stationary phase materials (e.g. metal organic frameworks), stationary pseudophases from ionic surfactants or porous supports. On the other hand, we found that 68 OT-CEC papers, 7 OT-LC papers and 4 OT-LC & OT-CEC papers have CID/CT ratios >100. Notably, 44 papers (42 OT-CEC and 2 OT-LC & OT-CEC) did not report the retention factor and/or effective electrophoretic mobility of analytes. Considering all covered papers, the most popular activity was on the development of new chromatographic materials as coatings. However, we encourage OT-CEC researchers to not only characterise changes in the electroosmotic flow but also verify the interaction of the analytes with the coating. In addition, the articles reported were largely driven by stationary phase or support development and not by practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adel Ahmed
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia
| | - Bren Mark B Felisilda
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia
| | - Joselito P Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001, Australia.
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8
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Li L, Wang X, Pu Q, Liu S. Advancement of electroosmotic pump in microflow analysis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1060:1-16. [PMID: 30902323 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This review (with 152 references) covers the progress made in the development and application of electroosmotic pumps in a period from 2009 through 2018 in microflow analysis. Following a short introduction, the review first categorizes various electroosmotic pumps into five subclasses based on the materials used for pumping: i) open channel EOP, 2) packed-column EOP, iii) porous monolith EOP, iv) porous membrane EOP, and v) other types of EOP. Pumps in each subclass are discussed. A next section covers EOP applications, primarily the applications of EOPs in micro flow analysis and micro/nano liquid chromatography. Other scattered applications are also examined. Perspectives, trends and challenges are discussed in the final section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK, 73019, United States.
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Plasma-assisted alignment in the fabrication of microchannel-array-based in-tube solid-phase microextraction microchips packed with TiO 2 nanoparticles for phosphopeptide analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1018:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Weaver MT, Lynch KB, Zhu Z, Chen H, Lu JJ, Pu Q, Liu S. Confocal laser-induced fluorescence detector for narrow capillary system with yoctomole limit of detection. Talanta 2016; 165:240-244. [PMID: 28153248 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detectors for low-micrometer and sub-micrometer capillary on-column detection are not commercially available. In this paper, we describe in details how to construct a confocal LIF detector to address this issue. We characterize the detector by determining its limit of detection (LOD), linear dynamic range (LDR) and background signal drift; a very low LOD (~70 fluorescein molecules or 12 yoctomole fluorescein), a wide LDR (greater than 3 orders of magnitude) and a small background signal drift (~1.2-fold of the root mean square noise) are obtained. For detecting analytes inside a low-micrometer and sub-micrometer capillary, proper alignment is essential. We present a simple protocol to align the capillary with the optical system and use the position-lock capability of a translation stage to fix the capillary in position during the experiment. To demonstrate the feasibility of using this detector for narrow capillary systems, we build a 2-μm-i.d. capillary flow injection analysis (FIA) system using the newly developed LIF prototype as a detector and obtain an FIA LOD of 14 zeptomole fluorescein. We also separate a DNA ladder sample by bare narrow capillary - hydrodynamic chromatography and use the LIF prototype to monitor the resolved DNA fragments. We obtain not only well-resolved peaks but also the quantitative information of all DNA fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell T Weaver
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Kyle B Lynch
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Zaifang Zhu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Huang Chen
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Joann J Lu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Shaorong Liu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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Chen SY, Wu CY, Chen YC, Urban PL. One-Step Detection of Major Lipid Components in Submicroliter Volumes of Unpurified Liposome and Cell Suspensions. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7337-43. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ssu-Ying Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University
Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Wu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University
Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chie Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University
Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Pawel L. Urban
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University
Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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12
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Zhu Z, Chen H, Chen A, Lu JJ, Liu S, Zhao M. Simultaneously sizing and quantitating zeptomole-level DNA at high throughput in free solution. Chemistry 2014; 20:13945-50. [PMID: 25223843 PMCID: PMC4297202 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Determining the sizes and measuring the quantities of DNA molecules are fundamental tasks in molecular biology. DNA sizes are usually evaluated by gel electrophoresis, but this method cannot simultaneously size and quantitate a DNA at low zeptomole (zmol) levels of concentration. We have recently developed a new technique, called bare-narrow-capillary/hydrodynamic-chromatography or BaNC-HDC, for resolving DNA based on their sizes without using any sieving matrices. In this report, we utilize BaNC-HDC for measuring the sizes and quantities of DNA fragments at zmol to several-molecule levels of concentration. DNA ranging from a few base pairs to dozens of kilo base pairs are accurately sized and quantitated at a throughput of 15 samples per hour, and each sample contains dozens of DNA strands of different lengths. BaNC-HDC can be a cost-effective means and an excellent tool for high-throughput DNA sizing and quantitation at extremely low quantity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaifang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251 (USA)
| | - Huang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251 (USA)
| | - Apeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251 (USA)
| | - Joann J. Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251 (USA)
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251 (USA)
| | - Meiping Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 (PR China)
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Thurmann S, Dittmar A, Belder D. A low pressure on-chip injection strategy for high-performance chip-based chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1340:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Lakhotiya H, Mondal K, Nagarale RK, Sharma A. Low voltage non-gassing electro-osmotic pump with zeta potential tuned aluminosilicate frits and organic dye electrodes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel low-voltage non-gassing electro-osmotic pump using organic-dye electrodes and aluminosilicate frits is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Lakhotiya
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Kunal Mondal
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Rajaram K. Nagarale
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Ashutosh Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur-208016, India
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