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Guo G, Muhammad T, Aimaiti Z, Dolkun A, Tian M, Zhao Q, Reheman A. Precise evaluation of batch adsorption kinetics of plant total polyphenols based on a flow-injection online spectrophotometric method. Anal Methods 2024; 16:589-598. [PMID: 38193655 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02023a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Efficient evaluation of adsorption kinetics of plant total polyphenols is essential for the design of adsorption separation of bioactive compounds. The conventional method uses manual sampling with poor reproducibility. Here, we developed a new method for on-line determination of total polyphenol content (TPC) in plant extracts by applying the Folin-Ciocalteu method in flow-injection analysis (FIA). The FIA parameters were optimized and a standard curve with excellent linearity was established. Precise determination of TPC with a satisfactory sample throughput of 20 h-1 was achieved for the adsorption kinetic study. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to better describe the kinetic parameters of the batch adsorption/desorption process. The developed method proved to be accurate compared with the conventional method. The FIA method holds significant promise for studying and monitoring adsorption processes, due to its automatic on-line nature, low consumption of reagents and samples, and the ability to generate large quantities of highly accurate adsorption data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaowei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Turghun Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Toxicology, Medical College, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian 352100, P. R. China
| | - Zulihumaer Aimaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Almire Dolkun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Mei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, Xinjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Aikebaier Reheman
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Toxicology, Medical College, Ningde Normal University, Ningde, Fujian 352100, P. R. China
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Li P, Yuan D, Huang Y, Lin K. Improving the measurement of total dissolved sulfide in natural waters: A new on-site flow injection analysis method. Sci Total Environ 2022; 829:154594. [PMID: 35307437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Total dissolved sulfide (TDS) plays multiple important roles in the aquatic environments. However, the determination of trace levels of TDS in natural waters is challenging because TDS is vulnerable to oxidation and volatilization. In this study, a fully automated flow injection analysis spectrophotometric system, incorporating a hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) and a long path length liquid waveguide capillary cell, was fabricated to facilitate the on-site measurement of trace TDS in natural waters. The HFMC was used for matrix separation and analyte preconcentration. The measurement was based on the reaction of sulfide and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine in the presence of FeCl3 under acidic conditions to yield methylene blue (MB). The proposed method was highly sensitive, with detection and quantification limits of 0.57 and 1.90 nmol L-1, respectively. The linear working range was from 1.90 to 150 nmol L-1, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The repeatability, expressed as the relative standard deviation, was less than 0.86% (n = 15) and the recoveries varied from 76.2 ± 0.1% to 103.9 ± 0.6% (n = 3) for spiked samples. This method was applied to conduct a field analysis of TDS in a reservoir, giving results aligned with those obtained using a standard MB method. This work demonstrates that the new method for determining TDS was effective for both laboratory analysis and on-site measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Yongming Huang
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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3
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Xia H. Research on the internal flow and macroscopic characteristics of a diesel fuel injection process. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255874. [PMID: 34570797 PMCID: PMC8476005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The internal flow and macroscopic spray behaviors of a fuel injection process were studied with schlieren spray techniques and simulations. The injection pressures(Pin)and ambient pressures(Pout)were applied in a wide range. The results showed that increasing the Pin is likely to decrease the flow performance of the nozzle. Furthermore, increasing the Pin can increase the spray tip penetration. However, the effect of Pin on the spray cone angle was not evident. The spray cone angle at an injection pressure of 160MPa was 21.7% greater than at a pressure of 100MPa during the initial spraying stage. Additionally, the discharge coefficient increased under high Pout, and the decrease in Pout can promote the formation of cavitation. Finally, increasing the Pout can decrease the penetration, while the spray angle becomes wider, especially at the initial spray stage, and high Pout will enhance the interaction of the spray and the air, which can enhance the spray quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xia
- School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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Głowacka J, Strzelak K, Koncki R. Multicommutated Flow Analysis System for Determination of Horseradish Peroxidase and Its Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185630. [PMID: 34577101 PMCID: PMC8465280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A fully mechanized multicommutated flow analysis (MCFA) system dedicated to determining horseradish peroxidase (HRP) activity was developed. Detection was conducted using a flow-through optoelectronic detector-constructed of paired LEDs operating according to the paired emitter-detector diode (PEDD) principle. The PEDD-MCFA system is dedicated to monitoring the enzyme-catalyzed oxidation of p-phenylenediamine (pPD) by a hydrogen peroxide. Under optimized conditions, the presented bioanalytical system was characterized by a linear response range (33.47-200 U/L) with a detection limit at 10.54 U/L HRP activity and 1.66 mV·L/U sensitivity, relatively high throughput (12 signals recordings per hour), and acceptable precision (RSD below 6%). Additionally, the utility of the developed PEDD-MCFA system for the determination of HRP inhibitors allowing the detection of selected thiols at micromolar levels, is demonstrated. The practical utility of the flow system was illustrated by the analysis of some dietary supplements containing L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, and L-glutathione.
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Sklenářová H, Beran M, Novosvětská L, Šmejkalová D, Solich P. Sequential Injection Analysis for Automation and Evaluation of Drug Liberation Profiles: Clotrimazole Liberation Monitoring. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185538. [PMID: 34577009 PMCID: PMC8467677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A fully automated sequential injection system was tested in terms of its application in liberation testing, and capabilities and limitations were discussed for clotrimazole liberation from three semisolid formulations. An evaluation based on kinetic profiles obtained in short and longer sampling intervals and steady-state flux values were applied as traditional methods. The obtained clotrimazole liberation profile was faster in the case of Delcore and slower for Clotrimazol AL and Canesten cream commercial formulations. The steady-state flux values for the tested formulations were 52 µg cm-2 h-1 for Canesten, 35 µg cm-2 h-1 for Clotrimazol AL, and 7.2 µg cm-2 h-1 for Delcore measured in 4 min sampling intervals. A simplified approach for the evaluation of the initial rate based on the gradient between the second and third sampling points was used for the first time and was found to correspond well with the results of the conventional methods. A comparison based on the ratio of the steady-state flux and the initial rate values for Canesten and Clotrimazol AL proved the similarity of the obtained results. The proposed alternative was successfully implemented for the comparison of short-term kinetic profiles. Consequently, a faster and simpler approach for dissolution/liberation testing can be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sklenářová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.N.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-067-453
| | - Marek Beran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.N.); (P.S.)
| | - Lucie Novosvětská
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.N.); (P.S.)
| | | | - Petr Solich
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.B.); (L.N.); (P.S.)
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Koronkiewicz S. Photometric Determination of Iron in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Double-Beam Direct Injection Flow Detector. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154498. [PMID: 34361650 PMCID: PMC8348365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an innovative, flow-through, double-beam, photometric detector with direct injection of the reagents (double-DID) was used for the first time for the determination of iron in pharmaceuticals. For stable measurement of the absorbance, double paired emission-detection LED diodes and a log ratio precision amplifier have been applied. The detector was integrated with the system of solenoid micro-pumps. The micro-pumps helped to reduce the number of reagents used and are responsible for precise solution dispensing and propelling. The flow system is characterized by a high level of automation. The total iron was determined as a Fe(II) with photometric detection using 1,10-phenanthroline as a complexing agent. The optimum conditions of the propose analytical procedure were established and the method was validated. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 1 to 30 mg L−1. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.5 mg L−1. The throughput of the method was 90 samples/hour. The repeatability of the method expressed as the relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 2% (n = 10). The method was characterized by very low consumption of reagents and samples (20 μL each) and a small amount of waste produced (about 540 µL per analysis). The proposed flow method was successfully applied for determination of iron in pharmaceutical products. The results were in good agreement with those obtained using the manual UV-Vis spectrophotometry and with values claimed by the manufacturers. The flow system worked very stably and was insensitive to bubbles appearing in the system.
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Reiter A, Herbst L, Wiechert W, Oldiges M. Need for speed: evaluation of dilute and shoot-mass spectrometry for accelerated metabolic phenotyping in bioprocess development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3253-3268. [PMID: 33791825 PMCID: PMC8079306 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
With the utilization of small-scale and highly parallelized cultivation platforms embedded in laboratory robotics, microbial phenotyping and bioprocess development have been substantially accelerated, thus generating a bottleneck in bioanalytical bioprocess sample analytics. While microscale cultivation platforms allow the monitoring of typical process parameters, only limited information about product and by-product formation is provided without comprehensive analytics. The use of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry can provide such a comprehensive and quantitative insight, but is often limited by analysis runtime and throughput. In this study, we developed and evaluated six methods for amino acid quantification based on two strong cation exchanger columns and a dilute and shoot approach in hyphenation with either a triple-quadrupole or a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Isotope dilution mass spectrometry with 13C15N labeled amino acids was used to correct for matrix effects. The versatility of the methods for metabolite profiling studies of microbial cultivation supernatants is confirmed by a detailed method validation study. The methods using chromatography columns showed a linear range of approx. 4 orders of magnitude, sufficient response factors, and low quantification limits (7-443 nM) for single analytes. Overall, relative standard deviation was comparable for all analytes, with < 8% and < 11% for unbuffered and buffered media, respectively. The dilute and shoot methods with an analysis time of 1 min provided similar performance but showed a factor of up to 35 times higher throughput. The performance and applicability of the dilute and shoot method are demonstrated using a library of Corynebacterium glutamicum strains producing L-histidine, obtained from random mutagenesis, which were cultivated in a microscale cultivation platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Reiter
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Herbst
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wiechert
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Computational Systems Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany.
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Sarvin B, Lagziel S, Sarvin N, Mukha D, Kumar P, Aizenshtein E, Shlomi T. Fast and sensitive flow-injection mass spectrometry metabolomics by analyzing sample-specific ion distributions. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3186. [PMID: 32581242 PMCID: PMC7314751 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry based metabolomics is a widely used approach in biomedical research. However, current methods coupling mass spectrometry with chromatography are time-consuming and not suitable for high-throughput analysis of thousands of samples. An alternative approach is flow-injection mass spectrometry (FI-MS) in which samples are directly injected to the ionization source. Here, we show that the sensitivity of Orbitrap FI-MS metabolomics methods is limited by ion competition effect. We describe an approach for overcoming this effect by analyzing the distribution of ion m/z values and computationally determining a series of optimal scan ranges. This enables reproducible detection of ~9,000 and ~10,000 m/z features in metabolomics and lipidomics analysis of serum samples, respectively, with a sample scan time of ~15 s and duty time of ~30 s; a ~50% increase versus current spectral-stitching FI-MS. This approach facilitates high-throughput metabolomics for a variety of applications, including biomarker discovery and functional genomics screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Sarvin
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shoval Lagziel
- Faculty of Computer Science, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nikita Sarvin
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dzmitry Mukha
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elina Aizenshtein
- Lokey Center for Life Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tomer Shlomi
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
- Faculty of Computer Science, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
- Lokey Center for Life Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel.
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Ciasca B, Pecorelli I, Lepore L, Paoloni A, Catucci L, Pascale M, Lattanzio VMT. Rapid and reliable detection of glyphosate in pome fruits, berries, pulses and cereals by flow injection - Mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 310:125813. [PMID: 31757486 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A flow injection - mass spectrometry method for rapid glyphosate detection in food commodities was developed and validated. The sample preparation protocol included a simple and rapid extract purification step through polymeric solid phase extraction cartridges followed by addition of isotopically labeled glyphosate to the final test sample. The optimized method was subjected to intra-laboratory validation (spiking range 0.5-100 mg/kg) in chickpeas, grapes and apples, as representatives of three different commodity groups as defined in SANTE/11813/2017 guidelines. Recoveries were in the range 60-111%, repeatability and within laboratory reproducibility were ≤17%.The trueness of the results generated with the developed method was evaluated by analysis of a set of incurred chickpea and wheat samples (glyphosate range 0.5-36 mg/kg) and comparison with the reference method (Quick Polar Pesticides Method), confirming the method fitness-for-purpose of rapid compliance testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Ciasca
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Ivan Pecorelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Lavinia Lepore
- Department of Chemistry, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Angela Paoloni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy
| | - Lucia Catucci
- Department of Chemistry, University "Aldo Moro" of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Pascale
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy, Via Amendola 122/O, Bari 70126, Italy
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Paluch J, Kozak J, Wieczorek M, Woźniakiewicz M, Gołąb M, Półtorak E, Kalinowski S, Kościelniak P. Novel Approach to Sample Preconcentration by Solvent Evaporation in Flow Analysis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081886. [PMID: 32325764 PMCID: PMC7221841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A preconcentration module operated in flow mode and integrated with a sequential injection system with spectrophotometric detection was developed. Using the system, preconcentration was performed in continuous mode and was based on a membraneless evaporation process under diminished pressure. The parameters of the proposed system were optimized and the system was tested on the example of the spectrophotometric determination of Cr(III). The preconcentration effectiveness was determined using the signal enhancement factor. In the optimized conditions for Cr(III), it was possible to obtain the signal enhancement factors of around 10 (SD: 0.9, n = 4) and determine Cr(III) with precision and intermediate precision of 8.4 and 5.1% (CV), respectively. Depending on the initial sample volume, signal enhancement factor values of about 20 were achieved. Applicability of the developed preconcentration system was verified in combination with the capillary electrophoresis method with spectrophotometric detection on the example of determination of Zn in certified reference materials of drinking water and wastewater. Taking into account the enhancement factor of 10, a detection limit of 0.025 mg L−1 was obtained for Zn determination. Zn was determined with precision less than 6% (CV) and the results were consistent with the certified values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Paluch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Joanna Kozak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-1268-62416
| | - Marcin Wieczorek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Michał Woźniakiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Gołąb
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Ewelina Półtorak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
| | - Sławomir Kalinowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, Plac Łódzki 4, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kościelniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (J.P.); (M.W.); (M.W.); (M.G.); (E.P.); (P.K.)
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Ertl VM, Höring M, Schött HF, Blücher C, Kjølbæk L, Astrup A, Burkhardt R, Liebisch G. Quantification of diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol species in human fecal samples by flow injection Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:2315-2326. [PMID: 32198533 PMCID: PMC7118049 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in human health and disease and fecal materials reflect the microbial activity. Thus, analysis of fecal metabolites provides insight in metabolic interactions between gut microbiota and host organism. In this work, we applied flow injection analysis coupled to Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FIA-FTMS) to identify and quantify lipid species in human fecal samples. Fecal homogenates were subjected to lipid extraction and analyzed by FIA-FTMS. The analysis of different subjects revealed a vast heterogeneity of lipid species abundance. The majority of samples displayed prominent signals of triacylglycerol (TG) and diacylglycerol (DG) species that could be verified by MS2 spectra. Therefore, we focused on the quantification of TG and DG. Method validation included limit of quantification, linearity, evaluation of matrix effects, recovery, and reproducibility. The validation experiments demonstrated the suitability of the method, with exception for approximately 10% of samples, where we observed coefficients of variation higher than 15%. Impaired reproducibility was related to sample inhomogeneity and could not be improved by additional sample preparation steps. Additionally, these experiments demonstrated that compared with aqueous samples, samples containing isopropanol showed higher amounts of DG, presumably due to lysis of bacteria and increased TG lipolysis. These effects were sample-specific and substantiate the high heterogeneity of fecal materials as well as the need for further evaluation of pre-analytic conditions. In summary, FIA-FTMS offers a fast and accurate tool to quantify DG and TG species and is suitable to provide insight into the fecal lipidome and its role in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena M Ertl
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Höring
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Frieder Schött
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Blücher
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Louise Kjølbæk
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ralph Burkhardt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Espada A, Haro R, Castañon J, Sayago C, Perez-Cozar F, Cano L, Redero P, Molina-Martin M, Broughton H, Stites RE, Pascal BD, Griffin PR, Dodge JA, Chalmers MJ. A Decoupled Automation Platform for Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry Experiments. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:2580-2583. [PMID: 31724102 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) is a biophysical technique well suited to the characterization of protein dynamics and protein-ligand interactions. In order to accurately define the rate of exchange, HDX experiments require the repeated measure of deuterium incorporation into the target protein across a range of time points. Accordingly, the HDX-MS experiment is well suited to automation, and a number of automated systems for HDX-MS have been developed. The most widely utilized platforms all operate an integrated design, where robotic liquid handling is interfaced directly with a mass spectrometer. With integrated designs, the exchange samples are prepared and injected into the LC-MS following a "real-time" serial workflow. Here we describe a new HDX-MS platform that is comprised of two complementary pieces of automation that disconnect the sample preparation from the LC-MS analysis. For preparation, a plate-based automation system is used to prepare samples in parallel, followed by immediate freezing and storage. A second piece of automation has been constructed to perform the thawing and LC-MS analysis of frozen samples in a serial mode and has been optimized to maximize the duty cycle of the mass spectrometer. The decoupled configuration described here reduces experiment time, significantly improves capacity, and improves the flexibility of the platform when compared with a fully integrated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Espada
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Ruben Haro
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Jesus Castañon
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Cristina Sayago
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Cozar
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Leticia Cano
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Pablo Redero
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Manuel Molina-Martin
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Howard Broughton
- Centro de Investigación Lilly, SA, Avenida de la Industria 30, 28108, Alcobendas, Spain
| | - Ryan E Stites
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Bruce D Pascal
- Omics Informatics LLC, 1050 Bishop Street #517, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Dodge
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Michael J Chalmers
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
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Rahman HU, Yue X, Yu Q, Xie H, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Li P. Specific antigen-based and emerging detection technologies of mycotoxins. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:4869-4877. [PMID: 30868594 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites produced by certain types of filamentous fungi or molds, such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Alternaria spp. Mycotoxins are natural contaminants of agricultural commodities, and their prevalence may increase due to global warming. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, approximately 25% of the world's food crops are annually contaminated with mycotoxins. Mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed pose a high risk to both human and animal health. For instance, they possess carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and neurotoxic effects. Hence, various approaches have been used to assess and control mycotoxin contamination. Significant challenges still exist because of the complex heterogeneous nature of food and feed composition. The potential of antigen-based approaches, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow injection immunoassay, chemiluminescence immunoassay, lateral flow immunoassay, and flow-through immunoassay, would contribute to our understanding about mycotoxins' rapid identification, their isolation, and the basic principles of the detection technologies. Additionally, we address other emerging technologies of potential application in the detection of mycotoxins. The data included in this review focus on basic principles and results of the detection technologies and would be useful as benchmark information for future research. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ur Rahman
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Yue
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products, Wuhan, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qiuyu Yu
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huali Xie
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products, Wuhan, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products, Wuhan, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseeds Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, PR China
- National Reference Laboratory for Agricultural Testing (Biotoxin), Wuhan, PR China
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14
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Frangu A, Pravcová K, Šilarová P, Arbneshi T, Sýs M. Flow injection tyrosinase biosensor for direct determination of acetaminophen in human urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:2415-2424. [PMID: 30880350 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An amperometric biosensor compatible with a flow injection analysis (FIA) for highly selective determination of acetaminophen (APAP) in a sample of human urine was developed. This biosensor is also suitable for use in the routine pharmaceutical practice. To prove this statement, two different commercially available pharmaceutical formulations were analyzed. This nano-(bio)electroanalytical device was made from a commercially available screen-printed carbon electrode covered by a thin layer of non-functionalized graphene (NFG) as amperometric transducer. A biorecognition layer was prepared from mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) cross-linked using glutaraldehyde, where resulting aggregates were covered by Nafion®, a known ion exchange membrane. Owing to the use of tyrosinase and presence of NFG, the developed analytical instrument is able to measure even at potentials of 0 V. Linear ranges differ according to choice of detection potential, namely up to 130 μmol L-1 at 0 V, up to 90 μmol L-1 at -0.1 V, and up to 70 μmol L-1 at -0.15 V. The first mentioned linear range is described by the equation Ip [μA] = 0.236 - 0.1984c [μmol L-1] and correlation coefficient r = 0.9987; this equation was used to quantify the content of APAP in each sample. The limit of detection of APAP was estimated to be 1.1 μmol L-1. A recovery of 96.8% (c = 25 μmol L-1, n = 5 measurements) was calculated. The obtained results show that FIA is a very selective method for APAP determination, being comparable to the chosen reference method of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbër Frangu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, Str. Mother Teresa, 10 000, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Pravcová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Šilarová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Tahir Arbneshi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, Str. Mother Teresa, 10 000, Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo
| | - Milan Sýs
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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15
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Khan F, Yaqoob M, Asghar M, Iqbal S, Ali S, Waseem A, Nabi A. Surfactant enhanced flow injection chemiluminescence method for vitamin D 3 determination in pharmaceutical formulations. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 208:150-156. [PMID: 30312841 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A flow injection based chemiluminescence process has been reported for vitamin D3 determination without using especial chemiluminescence reagent. Vitamin D3 shows enhancement on the CL intensity of diperiodatocuprate(III) with surfactant (Triton X-100) solution. The calibration curve was found to be linear over the concentration range 0.01-40 mg/L (R2 = 0.9997, n = 8) tested. A limit of detection (S/N = 3), limit of quantification (S/N = 10) and sample injection throughput of 2.5 × 10-3, 8.3 × 10-3 mg/L and 150 h-1 respectively were obtained. Various experimental variables were tested to get most suitable response, e.g., the concentrations of reagents, and their flow rates, sample injection volume and photomultiplier tube voltage. The effect of potential interferences was also examined. Vitamin D3 determination was successfully carried out in pharmaceutical formulations. The recoveries from the formulations were obtained in the range of 96 ± 4-108 ± 2%. The reaction mechanism discussion for diperiodatocuprate(III) complex-Triton X-100-vitamin D3 was also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Shahzia Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Samar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
| | - Amir Waseem
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Abdul Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
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16
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Kaiser S, Dias JC, Ardila JA, Soares FLF, Marcelo MCA, Porte LMF, Gonçalves C, Canova LDS, Pontes OFS, Sabin GP. High-throughput simultaneous quantitation of multi-analytes in tobacco by flow injection coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 190:363-374. [PMID: 30172520 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The high-throughput screening by flow injection coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HTS-FIA-HRMS) is a powerful technique that enables the identification of several types of samples in a short period of time, either with qualitative or quantitative purposes. Sensory attributes of tobacco are affected by its chemical composition, and it is very important to quantify multi-analytes in a high-throughput methodology. HTS-FIA-HRMS coupled to multivariate analysis was used to create calibration models for 27 analytes, or group of compounds, of tobacco sensory interest. The models were validated by different approaches, including permutation test to avoid overfitting, evaluation of the equipment repeatability by control samples, reproducibility comparison of results from two different equipment and analysts, and with a blind test analysis. All tests demonstrated a good response to the proposed method. No statistical difference between the errors of both equipment was observed, with less than 7% error from the control samples, and a blind test error between 5.96% and 20.10%. The partial least squares (O-PLS) regression models were applied to 815 samples, and a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed from the predicted concentration values, aiming at the non-supervised classification based on tobacco type. We expect that this proposed methodology shows not only the applicability in tobacco samples, but also demonstrates a guideline to an efficient performance of multi-analytes target analysis using the flow injection mass spectrometry with reliable and robust validation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Kaiser
- British American Tobacco (BAT), Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
| | - Jailson C Dias
- British American Tobacco (BAT), Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge A Ardila
- British American Tobacco (BAT), Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
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17
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Moßhammer M, Schrameyer V, Jensen PØ, Koren K, Kühl M. Extracellular hydrogen peroxide measurements using a flow injection system in combination with microdialysis probes - Potential and challenges. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 128:111-123. [PMID: 29860128 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong need for techniques that can quantify the important reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in complex media and in vivo. We combined chemiluminescence-based H2O2 measurements on a commercially available flow injection analysis (FIA) system with sampling of the analyte using microdialysis probes (MDPs), typically used for measurements in tissue. This allows minimally invasive, quantitative measurements of extracellular H2O2 concentration and dynamics utilizing the chemiluminescent reaction of H2O2 with acridinium ester. By coupling MDPs to the FIA system, measurements are no longer limited to filtered, liquid samples with low viscosity, as sampling via a MDP is based on a dynamic exchange through a permeable membrane with a specific cut-off. This allows continuous monitoring of dynamic changes in H2O2 concentrations, alleviates potential pH effects on the measurements, and allows for flexible application in different media and systems. We give a detailed description of the novel experimental setup and its measuring characteristics along with examples of application in different media and organisms to highlight its broad applicability, but also to discuss current limitations and challenges. The combined FIA-MDP approach for H2O2 quantification was used in different biological systems ranging from marine biology, using the model organism Exaiptasia pallida (light stress induced H2O2 release up to ~ 2.7 µM), over biomedical applications quantifying enzyme dynamics (glucose oxidase in a glucose solution producing up to ~ 60 µM H2O2 and the subsequent addition of catalase to monitor the H2O2 degradation process) and the ability of bacteria to modify their direct environment by regulating H2O2 concentrations in their surrounding media. This was shown by the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa degrading ~ 18 µM background H2O2 in LB-broth. We also discuss advantages and current limitations of the FIA-MDP system, including a discussion of potential cross-sensitivity and interfering chemical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moßhammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Verena Schrameyer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Ø Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Denmark; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Koren
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Bioscience - Microbiology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
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18
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Jaikrajang N, Kruanetr S, Harding DJ, Rattanakit P. A simple flow injection spectrophotometric procedure for iron(III) determination using Phyllanthus emblica Linn. as a natural reagent. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 204:726-734. [PMID: 29986319 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of natural reagents from plant extracts for chemical analysis is one approach in the development of green analytical chemistry methodology. In this work, a natural reagent extracted from Phyllanthus emblica Linn. has been applied for the determination of iron(III) using a simple flow injection spectrophotometric method. The method was based on the measurement of a dark-purple complex formed by the reaction between iron(III) and the extracted solution in an acetate buffer (pH 5.6) at 570 nm. Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph in the range of 0.50-20.0 mg L-1 iron(III) was obtained with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9996. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.31 and 0.50 mg L-1, respectively. The relative standard deviation was less than 2.50%. The proposed method was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of iron(III) in pharmaceutical preparations and water samples with a sampling rate of 90 samples h-1. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the official ICP-OES technique at the 95% confidence level. The presented method provides a simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach which is suitable and useful for determining iron(III). Therefore, it can be considered as an alternative analytical technique in green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natta Jaikrajang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Senee Kruanetr
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai District, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - David J Harding
- Functional Materials and Nanotechnology Centre of Excellence (FuNTech), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Parawee Rattanakit
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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19
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Chen X, Chu B, Xi H, Xu J, Lai L, Peng H, Deng D, Huang G. Determination of chlorine ions in raw milk by pulsed amperometric detection in a flow injection system. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:9647-9658. [PMID: 30146288 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Beibei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Huiting Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Junjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Lizhi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Huifeng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Danwen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Ganhui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
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20
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Galvez L, Theiner S, Grabarics M, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Hann S, Koellensperger G. Critical assessment of different methods for quantitative measurement of metallodrug-protein associations. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7211-7220. [PMID: 30155703 PMCID: PMC6208971 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative screening for potential drug-protein binding is an essential step in developing novel metal-based anticancer drugs. ICP-MS approaches are at the core of this task; however, many applications lack in the capability of large-scale high-throughput screenings and proper validation. In this work, we critically discuss the analytical figures of merit and the potential method-based quantitative differences applying four different ICP-MS strategies to ex vivo drug-serum incubations. Two candidate drugs, more specifically, two Pt(IV) complexes with known differences of binding affinity towards serum proteins were selected. The study integrated centrifugal ultrafiltration followed by flow injection analysis, turbulent flow chromatography (TFC), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), all combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). As a novelty, for the first time, UHPLC SEC-ICP-MS was implemented to enable rapid protein separation to be performed within a few minutes at > 90% column recovery for protein adducts and small molecules. Graphical abstract Quantitative screening for potential drug-protein binding is an essential step in developingnovel metal-based anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Galvez
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Theiner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Márkó Grabarics
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences - BOKU Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Kaiser S, Soares FLF, Ardila JA, Marcelo MCA, Dias JC, Porte LMF, Gonçalves C, Pontes OFS, Sabin GP. Innovative Approaches for Estimating the Levels of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in Cured Tobacco Samples. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:964-973. [PMID: 30113823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), mainly the 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), are known carcinogens. Part of the NNK found in smoke is provided from matrix-bound NNK, and its determination is extremely relevant. However, the reference extraction procedure of matrix-bound NNK is time-consuming and labor-intensive and has a limited analytical capacity. Three different methodologies were proposed to predict matrix-bound NNK: simple linear regression (LR) with soluble NNK; multiple linear regression (MLR) considering soluble NNK and characteristic parameters of the samples; and orthogonal partial least-squares (O-PLS) regression using high-throughput screening by flow injection analysis coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HTS-FIA-HRMS) data. Simple linear regression showed a high influence of matrix and leaf origin. Although an existing linearity trend has been observed ( R2 = 0.62) for the global model, higher correlation values were achieved for matrix and country segregation models. Multiple linear regression predicted matrix-bound NNK with more satisfactory efficiency than simple linear regression models. The coefficients of determination were 0.87 and 0.94 for flue-cured Virginia and air-cured Burley, respectively. However, this method has a limited application, since previous information about the sample is required. The proposed method based on HTS-FIA-HRMS and O-PLS has shown the most suitable performance in the prediction of matrix-bound NNK, with errors comparable to the reference method, and a higher throughput. In addition, this approach allows to determine other soluble nitrosamines, namely N'-nitrosoanatabine, N'-nitrosoanabasine, and N-nitrosonornicotine, with relative percentage errors between 5.25 and 11.98%. Therefore, the third approach is the best method for a large number of cured tobacco for accuracy in determination of TSNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Kaiser
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Frederico L F Soares
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Jorge A Ardila
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Marcelo C A Marcelo
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Jailson C Dias
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Liliane M F Porte
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Carlos Gonçalves
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Oscar F S Pontes
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
| | - Guilherme P Sabin
- British American Tobacco (BAT) , Cachoeirinha , Rio Grande do Sul 94930-000 , Brazil
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22
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Chaiyasing K, Liawruangrath B, Natakankitkul S, Satienperakul S, Rannurags N, Norfun P, Liawruangrath S. Sequential injection analysis for the determination of fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug residues by using eosin Y as complexing agent. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 202:107-114. [PMID: 29778703 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A sequential injection analysis (SIA) method was developed for the rapid and sensitive determination of fluoroquinolone residues, including norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, in fish samples. The method is based on the reaction between fluoroquinolone drug and eosin Y in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 2.0), forming pink colored complexs with maximum absorptions at 522, 525 and 527 nm for norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, respectively. Linearity ranges were found to be 0.05-10.0 mg L-1 (r2 = 0.9996), 0.1-10.0 mg L-1 (r2 = 0.9995) and 0.05-10.0 mg L-1 (r2 = 0.9997) for norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, respectively. The detection limit was found to be in the range of 0.013-0.019 mg L-1. The method was tested and validated for various parameters according to main guidelines. The proposed SIA method was successfully applied for the determination of fluoroquinolone drug residues in fish samples with the sampling rate of 47 h-1. The results demonstrated that the method is accurate, precise and reproducible, while being simple, rapid, economical and less time consuming. It can be suitably applied for the estimation of fluoroquinolone drug residues in routine quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Chaiyasing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Boonsom Liawruangrath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surapol Natakankitkul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sakchai Satienperakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Narabhats Rannurags
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Poachanee Norfun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saisunee Liawruangrath
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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23
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Fry B, Carter JF, Yamada K, Yoshida N, Juchelka D. Position-specific 13 C/ 12 C analysis of amino acid carboxyl groups - automated flow-injection analysis based on reaction with ninhydrin. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2018; 32:992-1000. [PMID: 29575301 PMCID: PMC6032851 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The fundamental level of stable isotopic knowledge lies at specific atomic positions within molecules but existing methods of analysis require lengthy off-line preparation to reveal this information. An automated position-specific isotope analysis (PSIA) method is presented to determine the stable carbon isotopic compositions of the carboxyl groups of amino acids (δ13 CCARBOXYL values). This automation makes PSIA measurements easier and routine. METHODS An existing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) gas handling interface/stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry system was modified by the addition of a post-column derivatisation unit between the HPLC system and the interface. The post-column reaction was optimised to yield CO2 from the carboxyl groups of amino acids by reaction with ninhydrin. RESULTS The methodology described produced δ13 CCARBOXYL values with typical standard deviations below ±0.1 ‰ and consistent differences (Δ13 CCARBOXYL values) between amino acids over a 1-year period. First estimates are presented for the δ13 CCARBOXYL values of a number of internationally available amino acid reference materials. CONCLUSIONS The PSIA methodology described provides a further dimension to the stable isotopic characterisation of amino acids at a more detailed level than the bulk or averaged whole-molecule level. When combined with on-line chromatographic separation or off-line fraction collection of protein hydrolysates the technique will offer an automated and routine way to study position-specific carboxyl carbon isotope information for amino acids, enabling more refined isotopic studies of carbon uptake and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fry
- Australian Rivers InstituteGriffith UniversityNathanQueensland4111Australia
| | - James F. Carter
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific ServicesCoopers PlainsQueensland4108Australia
| | - Keita Yamada
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of TechnologyYokohamaJapan
| | - Naohiro Yoshida
- Earth‐Life Science InstituteTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan
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24
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Supharoek SA, Ponhong K, Siriangkhawut W, Grudpan K. Employing natural reagents from turmeric and lime for acetic acid determination in vinegar sample. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:583-590. [PMID: 29567227 PMCID: PMC9322234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, rapid and environmentally friendly sequential injection analysis system employing natural extract reagents was developed for the determination of acetic acid following an acid–base reaction in the presence of an indicator. Powdered lime and turmeric were utilized as the natural base and indicator, respectively. Mixing lime and turmeric produced an orange to reddish-brown color solution which absorbed the maximum wavelength at 455 nm, with absorbance decreasing with increasing acetic acid concentration. Influential parameters including lime and turmeric concentrations, reagent and sample aspirated volumes, mixing coil length and dispensing flow rate were investigated and optimized. A standard calibration graph was plotted for 0–5.0 mmol/L acetic acid with r2 = 0.9925. Relative standard deviations (RSD) at 2.0 and 4.0 mmol/L acetic acid were less than 3% (n = 7), with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) at 0.12 and 0.24 mmol/L, respectively. The method was successfully applied to assay acetic acid concentration in cooking vinegar samples. Results achieved were not significantly different from those obtained following a batchwise standard AOAC titration method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam-ang Supharoek
- Science and Liberal Art, Amnat Charoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnat Charoen 37000,
Thailand
| | - Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150,
Thailand
- Corresponding author. Fax: +66 43 75 4246. E-mail address: (K. Ponhong)
| | - Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150,
Thailand
| | - Kate Grudpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200,
Thailand
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25
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Murillo Pulgarín JA, Alañón Molina A, Jiménez García E. Simplex optimization of the variables influencing the determination of pefloxacin by time-resolved chemiluminescence. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 193:117-124. [PMID: 29223456 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new chemiluminescence (CL) detection system combined with flow injection analysis (FIA) for the determination of Pefloxacin is proposed. The determination is based on an energy transfer from Pefloxacin to terbium (III). The metal ion enhances the weak CL signal produced by the KMnO4/H2SO3/Pefloxacin system. A modified simplex method was used to optimize chemical and instrumental variables. The influence of the interaction of the permanganate, Tb (III), sodium sulphite and sulphuric acid concentrations, flow rate and injected sample volume was thoroughly investigated by using a modified simplex optimization procedure. The results revealed a strong direct relationship between flow rate and CL intensity throughout the studied range that was confirmed by a gamma test. The response factor for the CL emission intensity was used to assess performance in order to identify the optimum conditions for maximization of the response. Under such conditions, the CL response was proportional to the Pefloxacin concentration over a wide range. The detection limit as calculated according to Clayton's criterion 13.7μgL-1. The analyte was successfully determined in milk samples with an average recovery of 100.6±9.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Murillo Pulgarín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Aurelia Alañón Molina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Elisa Jiménez García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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26
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Shi J, Xu M, Tang Q, Zhao K, Deng A, Li J. Highly sensitive determination of diclofenac based on resin beads and a novel polyclonal antibody by using flow injection chemiluminescence competitive immunoassay. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 191:1-7. [PMID: 28965083 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay for simple, sensitive and low-cost detection of diclofenac was established based on specific binding of antigen and antibody. Carboxylic resin beads used as solid phase carrier materials provided good biocompatibility and large surface-to-volume ratio for modifying more coating antigen. There was a competitive process between the diclofenac in solution and the immobilized coating antigen to react with the limited binding sites of the polyclonal antibody to form the immunocomplex. The second antibody labelled with horseradish peroxidase was introduced into the immunosensor and trapped by captured polyclonal antibody against diclofenac, which could effectively amplify chemiluminescence signals of luminol-PIP-H2O2. Under optimal conditions, the diclofenac could be detected quantitatively. The chemiluminescence intensity decreased linearly with the logarithm of the diclofenac concentration in the range of 0.1-100ngmL-1 with a detection limit of 0.05ngmL-1 at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity, specificity and acceptable stability. This easy-operated and cost-effective analytical method could be valuable for the diclofenac determination in real water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mingxia Xu
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qinghui Tang
- Suzhou Industrial Park QingYuan Hong Kong & China Water Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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27
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Koronkiewicz S, Trifescu M, Smoczynski L, Ratnaweera H, Kalinowski S. A novel automatic flow method with direct-injection photometric detector for determination of dissolved reactive phosphorus in wastewater and freshwater samples. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:133. [PMID: 29435674 PMCID: PMC5809572 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The novel automatic flow system, direct-injection detector (DID) integrated with multi-pumping flow system (MPFS), dedicated for the photometric determination of orthophosphates in wastewater and freshwater samples is for the first time described. All reagents and the sample were injected simultaneously, in counter-current into the reaction-detection chamber by the system of specially selected for this purpose solenoid micro-pumps. The micro-pumps provided good precision and accuracy of the injected volumes. For the determination of orthophosphates, the molybdenum blue method was employed. The developed method can be used to detect orthophosphate in the range 0.1-12 mg L-1, with the repeatability (RSD) about 2.2% at 4 mg L-1 and a very high injection throughput of 120 injections h-1. It was possible to achieve a very small consumption of reagents (10 μL of ammonium molybdate and 10 μL of ascorbic acid) and sample (20 μL). The volume of generated waste was only 440 μL per analysis. The method has been successfully applied, giving a good accuracy, to determination of orthophosphates in complex matrix samples: treated wastewater, lake water and reference sample of groundwater. The developed system is compact, small in both size and weight, requires 12 V in supply voltage, which are desirable for truly portable equipment used in routine analysis. The simplicity of the system should result in its greater long-time reliability comparing to other flow methods previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihaela Trifescu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-957, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lech Smoczynski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-957, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Harsha Ratnaweera
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | - Slawomir Kalinowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-957, Olsztyn, Poland
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28
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Bruderer T, Varesio E, Hidasi AO, Duchoslav E, Burton L, Bonner R, Hopfgartner G. Metabolomic spectral libraries for data-independent SWATH liquid chromatography mass spectrometry acquisition. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:1873-1884. [PMID: 29411086 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
High-quality mass spectral libraries have become crucial in mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Here, we investigate a workflow to generate accurate mass discrete and composite spectral libraries for metabolite identification and for SWATH mass spectrometry data processing. Discrete collision energy (5-100 eV) accurate mass spectra were collected for 532 metabolites from the human metabolome database (HMDB) by flow injection analysis and compiled into composite spectra over a large collision energy range (e.g., 10-70 eV). Full scan response factors were also calculated. Software tools based on accurate mass and predictive fragmentation were specially developed and found to be essential for construction and quality control of the spectral library. First, elemental compositions constrained by the elemental composition of the precursor ion were calculated for all fragments. Secondly, all possible fragments were generated from the compound structure and were filtered based on their elemental compositions. From the discrete spectra, it was possible to analyze the specific fragment form at each collision energy and it was found that a relatively large collision energy range (10-70 eV) gives informative MS/MS spectra for library searches. From the composite spectra, it was possible to characterize specific neutral losses as radical losses using in silico fragmentation. Radical losses (generating radical cations) were found to be more prominent than expected. From 532 metabolites, 489 provided a signal in positive mode [M+H]+ and 483 in negative mode [M-H]-. MS/MS spectra were obtained for 399 compounds in positive mode and for 462 in negative mode; 329 metabolites generated suitable spectra in both modes. Using the spectral library, LC retention time, response factors to analyze data-independent LC-SWATH-MS data allowed the identification of 39 (positive mode) and 72 (negative mode) metabolites in a plasma pool sample (total 92 metabolites) where 81 previously were reported in HMDB to be found in plasma. Graphical abstract Library generation workflow for LC-SWATH MS, using collision energy spread, accurate mass, and fragment annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bruderer
- Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 24, Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Varesio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anita O Hidasi
- Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 24, Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Eva Duchoslav
- Sciex, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Lyle Burton
- Sciex, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON, L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Ron Bonner
- Ron Bonner Consulting, Newmarket, ON, L3Y 3C7, Canada
| | - Gérard Hopfgartner
- Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 24, Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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29
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Palamy S, Ruengsitagoon W. Reverse flow injection spectrophotometric determination of ciprofloxacin in pharmaceuticals using iron from soil as a green reagent. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 190:129-134. [PMID: 28922638 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel reverse flow injection spectrophotometric method for the determination of ciprofloxacin was successfully combined with the on-line introduction of an iron solution extracted from soil as green reagent. The assay was optimized by a univariate method to select the optimum conditions for the highest absorbance and highest stability of the complex. Beer-Lambert's law (λmax=440nm) is obeyed in the range 0.5-50μgmL-1 with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9976 and 0.9996 using soil as green reagent from Khon Kaen, Thailand and Vientiane, Laos, respectively. The average percentage recoveries were in the range of 98.55-102.14% and the precision was in the range of 0.80-1.73%. The limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were 0.20 and 0.69μgmL-1, respectively, with a sampling rate of over 46samplesh-1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of ciprofloxacin in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by the reference HPLC method using a t-test at 95% of confidence level for comparison. This method is suitable for laboratories looking for alternative analytical methods using green reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sysay Palamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wirat Ruengsitagoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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30
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Abstract
Hyperpolarization by dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP) has emerged as a technique for enhancing NMR signals by several orders of magnitude, thereby facilitating the characterization of metabolic pathways both in vivo and in vitro. Following the introduction of an externally hyperpolarized compound, real-time NMR enables the measurement of metabolic flux in the corresponding pathway. Spin relaxation however limits the maximum experimental time and prevents the use of this method with compounds exhibiting slow membrane transport rates. Here, we demonstrate that on-line electroporation can serve as a method for membrane permeabilization for use with D-DNP in cell cultures. An electroporation apparatus hyphenated with stopped-flow sample injection permits the introduction of the hyperpolarized metabolite within 3 s after the electrical pulse. In yeast cells that do not readily take up pyruvate, the addition of the electroporation pulse to the D-DNP experiment increases the signals of the downstream metabolic products CO2 and HCO3-, which otherwise are near the detection limit, by 8.2- and 8.6-fold. Modeling of the time dependence of these signals then permits the determination of the respective kinetic rate constants. The observed conversion rate from pyruvate to CO2 normalized for cell density was found to increase by a factor of 12 due to the alleviation of the membrane transport limitation. The use of electroporation therefore extends the applicability of D-DNP to in vitro studies with a wider range of metabolites and at the same time reduces the influence of membrane transport on the observed conversion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Christian Hilty
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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31
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Orton DJ, Tfaily MM, Moore RJ, LaMarche BL, Zheng X, Fillmore TL, Chu RK, Weitz KK, Monroe ME, Kelly RT, Smith RD, Baker ES. A Customizable Flow Injection System for Automated, High Throughput, and Time Sensitive Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Mass Spectrometry Measurements. Anal Chem 2018; 90:737-744. [PMID: 29161511 PMCID: PMC5764703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To better understand disease conditions and environmental perturbations, multiomic studies combining proteomic, lipidomic, and metabolomic analyses are vastly increasing in popularity. In a multiomic study, a single sample is typically extracted in multiple ways, and various analyses are performed using different instruments, most often based upon mass spectrometry (MS). Thus, one sample becomes many measurements, making high throughput and reproducible evaluations a necessity. One way to address the numerous samples and varying instrumental conditions is to utilize a flow injection analysis (FIA) system for rapid sample injections. While some FIA systems have been created to address these challenges, many have limitations such as costly consumables, low pressure capabilities, limited pressure monitoring, and fixed flow rates. To address these limitations, we created an automated, customizable FIA system capable of operating at a range of flow rates (∼50 nL/min to 500 μL/min) to accommodate both low- and high-flow MS ionization sources. This system also functions at varying analytical throughputs from 24 to 1200 samples per day to enable different MS analysis approaches. Applications ranging from native protein analyses to molecular library construction were performed using the FIA system, and results showed a highly robust and reproducible platform capable of providing consistent performance over many days without carryover, as long as washing buffers specific to each molecular analysis were utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Orton
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Malak M. Tfaily
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Ronald J. Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Brian L. LaMarche
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | | | - Thomas L. Fillmore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Rosalie K. Chu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Karl K. Weitz
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Matthew E. Monroe
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Ryan T. Kelly
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | | | - Erin S. Baker
- Corresponding Author Mailing Address: 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98, Richland, WA 99352, United States; Phone: 509-371-6219; (E.S.B.)
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32
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Abstract
The increasing interest in the analysis of triglyceride (TG) species and the individual fatty acid (FA) composition requires expeditious and reliable quantification strategies. The utilization of flow injection analysis (FIA) coupled to quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the simultaneous quantitation of TG and identification of FA composition facilitates the multiplexed verification of various biomarkers from small sample quantities. Enzymatic methods based on saponification and glycerol analysis are not suited for the determination of the FA distribution in TGs. This protocol proposes a procedure for the establishment of a relative quantitation method for middle- to high-abundance plasma TGs and the corresponding FA composition. Essential topics as FIA-MS/MS method development as well as sample preparation and validation strategies are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madlen Reinicke
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susen Becker
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
- LIFE-Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
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33
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Mohammed-Saeid W, Michel D, Badea I, El-Aneed A. Rapid and simple flow injection analysis tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantification of melphalan in a lipid-based drug delivery system. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:1481-1490. [PMID: 28667829 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The use of the anticancer drug melphalan is limited due to its poor water solubility. To address this limitation, it is incorporated within a novel delivery system using β-cyclodextrin-gemini surfactants (18:1βCDg). METHODS Herein, two fast and simple flow injection analysis/tandem mass spectrometric (FIA-MS/MS) methods are developed for the quantification of melphalan (Mel) within the drug delivery system so that the solubilization efficiency of the system can be assessed. FIA-MS/MS methods are developed using a triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer, equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) in the positive ion mode. A deuterated form of melphalan (melphalan-d8) was used as an internal standard (IS). The methods were validated according to the FDA guidance. RESULTS A linearity in the range of 2-100 ng/mL and accuracy and precision below 15% were observed for all standard points and quality control samples. The intra- and inter-day variations and freeze-thaw stability were within the acceptable range according to the criteria set by regulatory guidelines. On the other hand, other stability measures, such as room temperature stability and long-term stability, did not meet the required guidelines in some cases, indicating the need for quick sample analysis upon preparation. Such a fact could have been overlooked if full method validation had not been performed. CONCLUSIONS The developed methods were applied to determine the encapsulation/solubilization of the [18:1βCDg/Mel] delivery system. 18:1βCDg enhances the aqueous solubility of melphalan without the need for co-solvent. The highest melphalan solubility was observed at a melphalan18:1βCDg/Mel complex molar ratio of 2:1. This study demonstrated that a fast analysis for the purpose of quantifying a chemically unstable drug, such as melphalan, is feasible and important for the development of commercial dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Mohammed-Saeid
- College of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
- College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deborah Michel
- College of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Ildiko Badea
- College of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy & Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
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34
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Boroumand S, Chamjangali MA, Bagherian G. Double injection/single detection asymmetric flow injection manifold for spectrophotometric determination of ascorbic acid and uric acid: Selection the optimal conditions by MCDM approach based on different criteria weighting methods. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 174:203-213. [PMID: 27915157 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive double injection/single detector flow injection analysis (FIA) method is proposed for the simultaneous kinetic determination of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). This method is based upon the difference between the rates of the AA and UA reactions with Fe3+ in the presence of 1, 10-phenanthroline (phen). The absorbance of Fe2+/1, 10-phenanthroline (Fe-phen) complex obtained as the product was measured spectrophotometrically at 510nm. To reach a good accuracy in the differential kinetic determination via the mathematical manipulations of the transient signals, different criteria were considered in the selection of the optimum conditions. The multi criteria decision making (MCDM) approach was applied for the selection of the optimum conditions. The importance weights of the evaluation criteria were determined using the analytic hierarchy process, entropy method, and compromised weighting (CW). The experimental conditions (alternatives) were ranked by the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution. Under the selected optimum conditions, the obtained analytical signals were linear in the ranges of 0.50-5.00 and 0.50-4.00mgL-1 for AA and UA, respectively. The 3σ detection limits were 0.07mgL-1 for AA and 0.12mgL-1 for UA. The relative standard deviations for four replicate determinations of AA and UA were 2.03% and 3.30% respectively. The method was also applied for the analysis of analytes in the blood serum, Vitamine C tablets, and tap water with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Boroumand
- College of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, P.O. Box 36155-316, Iran
| | | | - Ghadamali Bagherian
- College of Chemistry, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, P.O. Box 36155-316, Iran
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35
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Palamy S, Ruengsitagoon W. A novel flow injection spectrophotometric method using plant extracts as green reagent for the determination of doxycycline. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2017; 171:200-206. [PMID: 27529768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel flow injection spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of doxycycline in pharmaceutical preparations using iron(III) contained in extracts from plants. The assay was based on the complex formed between doxycycline and iron(III) characterized by an absorption maximum at 435nm. The calibration graphs obtained over the doxycycline concentration range 5-250μgmL-1 gave correlation coefficients of 0.9979, 0.9987 and 0.9987 with the three green reagents prepared from Senna alata (L.) Roxb. (S. alata), Polygonum hydropiper L. (P. hydropiper) or Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. (D. esculentum), respectively. The relative standard deviations of the repeatability was <2.00%. The percentage recoveries were in the range of 98.27-101.03%. Doxycycline contents obtained by this new method and by the reference methods reported in literature were in agreement at 95% confidence level with the paired t-test. The sample throughput was 36h-1 for each green reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sysay Palamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wirat Ruengsitagoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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36
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Abstract
Direct-injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) is a means of rapidly obtaining metabolomic phenotype data in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Given our generally poor understanding of Campylobacter metabolism, the high-throughput and relatively simple sample preparation of DIMS has made this an attractive technique for metabolism-related studies and hypothesis generation, especially when attempting to analyze metabolic mutants with no clear phenotype. Here we describe a metabolomic fingerprinting approach with sampling and extraction methodologies optimized for direct-injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), which we have used as a means of comparing wild-type and isogenic mutant strains of C. jejuni with various metabolic blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Howlett
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Matthew P Davey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - David J Kelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
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37
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Weaver MT, Lynch KB, Zhu Z, Chen H, Lu JJ, Pu Q, Liu S. Confocal laser-induced fluorescence detector for narrow capillary system with yoctomole limit of detection. Talanta 2016; 165:240-244. [PMID: 28153248 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detectors for low-micrometer and sub-micrometer capillary on-column detection are not commercially available. In this paper, we describe in details how to construct a confocal LIF detector to address this issue. We characterize the detector by determining its limit of detection (LOD), linear dynamic range (LDR) and background signal drift; a very low LOD (~70 fluorescein molecules or 12 yoctomole fluorescein), a wide LDR (greater than 3 orders of magnitude) and a small background signal drift (~1.2-fold of the root mean square noise) are obtained. For detecting analytes inside a low-micrometer and sub-micrometer capillary, proper alignment is essential. We present a simple protocol to align the capillary with the optical system and use the position-lock capability of a translation stage to fix the capillary in position during the experiment. To demonstrate the feasibility of using this detector for narrow capillary systems, we build a 2-μm-i.d. capillary flow injection analysis (FIA) system using the newly developed LIF prototype as a detector and obtain an FIA LOD of 14 zeptomole fluorescein. We also separate a DNA ladder sample by bare narrow capillary - hydrodynamic chromatography and use the LIF prototype to monitor the resolved DNA fragments. We obtain not only well-resolved peaks but also the quantitative information of all DNA fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell T Weaver
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Kyle B Lynch
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Zaifang Zhu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Huang Chen
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Joann J Lu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Shaorong Liu
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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38
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Galvis-Sánchez AC, Santos JR, Rangel AOSS. A total analytical system featuring a novel solid-liquid extraction chamber for solid sample flow analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7651-7661. [PMID: 27534755 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a total flow analysis system based on a novel solid-liquid extraction chamber is presented. This strategy enables all the main experimental procedures for the analysis of a solid sample to be performed automatically: enrichment of the liquid extract, sample treatment, filtration of the liquid extract from the solid sample, directing the extract towards detection, and finally cleansing of the chamber for the following solid sample to be analyzed. The chamber designed to be incorporated in the flow manifold presents two main features: it accommodates stirring bars for enhancing the extraction process, and it presents replaceable solid sample containers (a spare part of the solid-liquid extraction chamber) to easily replace the solid sample and therefore enhance sample analysis throughput. The chamber performance was assessed using two different solid samples, an ion exchanger resin and vegetable samples, focussing on proton and nitrate ion extraction, respectively. The main figures of merit achieved were relative standard deviation (RSD) and relative error values below 7 % for all determinations. The determination rate for vegetable samples was ca. 12 samples h-1. The proposed strategy may be exploited to perform automatically the analysis of solid samples as it embodies a simple automatic strategy of a very important but time-consuming and laborious analytical operation. Graphical abstract TAS for solid liquid extraction and nitrate potentiometric determination of vegetable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Galvis-Sánchez
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigo Santos
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal.
| | - António O S S Rangel
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal
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39
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Abstract
Here we report on real-time imaging and quantitative analysis of solute transport in perfusable cylindrical microvessels formed from Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells embedded in a collagen matrix. Fluorescence microscopy was used to image the kinetics of doxorubicin transport following injection. To assess the role of efflux pumps on transport, experiments were performed in microvessels formed from MDCK.2, MDCKII-w/t, and MDCKII-MDR1 cells. MDCKII-w/t and MDCKII-MDR1 showed significant doxorubicin accumulation in the cells, characteristic of the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin. We present a model for doxorubicin transport that takes into account transport across the cell layer. These results demonstrate how real-time imaging of cell microvessels can be used to analyze the mechanisms of transport and distribution following systemic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max I Bogorad
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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40
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Wuethrich A, Quirino JP. Unusual stacking with electrokinetic injection of cationic analytes from micellar solutions in capillary zone electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8663-8668. [PMID: 27372717 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Electrokinetic injection (EKI) in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of charged analytes is by the electroosmotic flow (EOF) and electrophoretic mobility of analytes. In most forms of stacking with EKI, the sample ions were introduced via electrophoretic mobility and concentrated in a stacking boundary inside the capillary. In this work, we describe the unusual stacking of cationic analytes via EKI of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles into a fused silica capillary filled with acidic background solution (BGS) with 40-50 % acetonitrile. The analytes prepared with SDS micelles were injected because of their interaction with micelles or effective electrophoretic mobility. We observed two peaks from an analyte, and this suggested the concentration of analytes into two stacking zones. These two adjacent stacking zones were surprisingly maintained inside the capillary during EKI although the EOF was moving towards the inlet. The zones were identified as the SDS micelles (micelles zone) and organic solvent-rich stacking zone (solvent-rich zone) where the micelles zone was closer to the inlet end of capillary. The analytes concentrated in the solvent-rich zone through the mechanism of micelle to solvent stacking (MSS). The concentrated analytes in the micelles zone were from the concentrated analytes that electrophoretically migrated into the micelles zone from the solvent-rich zone during EKI. The analytes in the micelles zone were then re-stacked by MSS and formed the second sharp peak in CZE. This was prevented by reduction of acetonitrile concentration in the inlet BGS. A sensitivity enhancement factor of more than 100 was obtained for model cationic drugs (diphenhydramine and imipramine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Wuethrich
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Joselito P Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
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41
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Abstract
Dried blood spots (DBS) typically consist in the deposition of small volumes of capillary blood onto dedicated paper cards. Comparatively to whole blood or plasma samples, their benefits rely in the fact that sample collection is easier and that logistic aspects related to sample storage and shipment can be relatively limited, respectively, without the need of a refrigerator or dry ice. Originally, this approach has been developed in the sixties to support the analysis of phenylalanine for the detection of phenylketonuria in newborns using bacterial inhibition test. In the nineties tandem mass spectrometry was established as the detection technique for phenylalanine and tyrosine. DBS became rapidly recognized for their clinical value: they were widely implemented in pediatric settings with mass spectrometric detection, and were closely associated to the debut of newborn screening (NBS) programs, as a part of public health policies. Since then, sample collection on paper cards has been explored with various analytical techniques in other areas more or less successfully regarding large-scale applications. Moreover, in the last 5 years a regain of interest for DBS was observed and originated from the bioanalytical community to support drug development (e.g., PK studies) or therapeutic drug monitoring mainly. Those recent applications were essentially driven by improved sensitivity of triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. This review presents an overall view of all instrumental and methodological developments for DBS analysis with mass spectrometric detection, with and without separation techniques. A general introduction to DBS will describe their advantages and historical aspects of their emergence. A second section will focus on blood collection, with a strong emphasis on specific parameters that can impact quantitative analysis, including chromatographic effects, hematocrit effects, blood effects, and analyte stability. A third part of the review is dedicated to sample preparation and will consider off-line and on-line extractions; in particular, instrumental designs that have been developed so far for DBS extraction will be detailed. Flow injection analysis and applications will be discussed in section IV. The application of surface analysis mass spectrometry (DESI, paper spray, DART, APTDCI, MALDI, LDTD-APCI, and ICP) to DBS is described in section V, while applications based on separation techniques (e.g., liquid or gas chromatography) are presented in section VI. To conclude this review, the current status of DBS analysis is summarized, and future perspectives are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Wagner
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - David Tonoli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Varesio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gérard Hopfgartner
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
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42
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Khataee A, Lotfi R, Hasanzadeh A, Iranifam M, Joo SW. Flow-injection chemiluminescence analysis for sensitive determination of atenolol using cadmium sulfide quantum dots. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 157:88-95. [PMID: 26724494 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive, rapid and simple flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) system based on the light emitted from KMnO4-cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) reaction in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in acidic medium was developed as a CL probe for the sensitive determination of atenolol. Optical and structural features of CdS QDs capped with l-cysteine, which synthesized via hydrothermal approach, were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The CL intensity of KMnO4-CdS QDs-CTAB was remarkably enhanced in the presence of trace level of atenolol. Under optimum experimental conditions, there is a linear relationship between the increase in CL intensity of KMnO4-CdS QDs-CTAB system and atenolol concentration in a range of 0.001 to 4.0 mg L(-1) and 4.0 to 18.0 mg L(-1), with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.0010 mg L(-1). A possible mechanism for KMnO4-CdS QDs-CTAB-atenolol CL reaction is proposed. To prove the practical application of the KMnO4-CdS QDs-CTAB CL method, the method was applied for the determination of atenolol in spiked environmental water samples and commercial pharmaceutical formulation. Furthermore, corona discharge ionization ion mobility spectrometry (CD-IMS) technique was utilized for determination of atenolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Lotfi
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliyeh Hasanzadeh
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Iranifam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 712-749 Gyeongsan, South Korea.
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43
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Ertek B, Dilgin Y. Photoamperometric flow injection analysis of glucose based on dehydrogenase modified quantum dots-carbon nanotube nanocomposite electrode. Bioelectrochemistry 2016; 112:138-44. [PMID: 26944347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a core-shell quantum dot (QD, ZnS-CdS) was electrodeposited onto multiwalled carbon nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode (ZnS-CdS/MWCNT/GCE) and following glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) was immobilized onto QD modified electrode. The proposed electrode (GDH/ZnS-CdS/MWCNT/GCE) was effectively used for the photoelectrochemical biosensing of glucose in flow injection analysis (FIA) system using a home-made flow cell. Results from cyclic voltammetric and FI amperometric measurements have revealed that GDH/ZnS-CdS/MWCNT/GCE is capable of signaling photoelectrocatalytic activity toward NADH when the surface of enzyme modified electrode was irradiated with a light source (250W Halogen lamp). Thus, photoelectrochemical biosensing of glucose was monitored by recording current-time curve of enzymatically produced NADH at optimized conditions. The biosensor response was found linear over the range 0.010-2.0mM glucose with detection limits of 6.0 and 4.0μM for amperometric and photoamperometric methods, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n=5) for 0.5mM glucose were 5.8% and 3.8% for photoamperometric and amperometric results, respectively. The photoelectrochemical biosensor was successfully applied to the real samples. The results with this biosensor showed good selectivity, repeatability and sensitivity for monitoring glucose in amperometric and photoamperometric FIA studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bensu Ertek
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Dilgin
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey.
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44
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Khataee A, Lotfi R, Hasanzadeh A, Iranifam M, Joo SW. A flow injection chemiluminescence method for determination of nalidixic acid based on KMnO₄-morin sensitized with CdS quantum dots. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 154:243-251. [PMID: 26534888 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive flow injection chemiluminescence (CL) method was developed for determination of nalidixic acid by application of CdS quantum dots (QDs) in KMnO4-morin CL system in acidic medium. Optical and structural features of L-cysteine capped CdS quantum dots which were synthesized via hydrothermal approach were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Moreover, the potential mechanism of the proposed CL method was described using the results of the kinetic curves of CL systems, the spectra of CL, PL and UV-Vis analyses. The CL intensity of the KMnO4-morin-CdS QDs system was considerably increased in the presence of nalidixic acid. Under the optimum condition, the enhanced CL intensity was linearly proportional to the concentration of nalidixic acid in the range of 0.0013 to 21.0 mg L(-1), with a detection limit of (3σ) 0.003 mg L(-1). Also, the proposed CL method was utilized for determination of nalidixic acid in environmental water samples, and commercial pharmaceutical formulation to approve its applicability. Furthermore, corona discharge ionization ion mobility spectrometry (CD-IMS) method was utilized for determination of nalidixic acid and the results of real sample analysis by two proposed methods were compared. Comparison the analytical features of these methods represented that the proposed CL method is preferable to CD-IMS method for determination of nalidixic acid due to its high sensitivity and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Lotfi
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliyeh Hasanzadeh
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Iranifam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 712-749 Gyeongsan, South Korea.
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45
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Khataee A, Lotfi R, Hasanzadeh A, Iranifam M, Zarei M, Joo SW. Comparison of two methods for selegiline determination: A flow-injection chemiluminescence method using cadmium sulfide quantum dots and corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 153:273-280. [PMID: 26318702 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two analytical approaches including chemiluminescence (CL) and corona discharge ionization ion mobility spectrometry (CD-IMS) were developed for sensitive determination of selegiline (SG). We found that the CL intensity of the KMnO4-Na2S2O3 CL system was significantly enhanced in the presence of L-cysteine capped CdS quantum dots (QDs). A possible CL mechanism for this CL reaction is proposed. In the presence of SG, the enhanced CL system was inhibited. Based on this inhibition, a simple and sensitive flow-injection CL method was proposed for the determination of SG. Under optimum experimental conditions, the decreased CL intensity was proportional to SG concentration in the range of 0.01 to 30.0 mg L(-1). The detection limit (3σ) was 0.004 mg L(-1). Also, SG was determined using CD-IMS, and under optimum conditions of CD-IMS, calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.15 to 42.0 mg L(-1), with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.03 mg L(-1). The precision of the two methods was calculated by analyzing samples containing 5.0 mg L(-1) of SG (n=11). The relative standard deviations (RSDs%) of the flow-injection CL and CD-IMS methods are 2.17% and 3.83%, respectively. The proposed CL system exhibits a higher sensitivity and precision than the CD-IMS method for the determination of SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Lotfi
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliyeh Hasanzadeh
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mortaza Iranifam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Zarei
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 712-749 Gyeongsan, South Korea.
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46
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Rodríguez MP, Pezza HR, Pezza L. Simple and clean determination of tetracyclines by flow injection analysis. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 153:386-392. [PMID: 26344484 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally reliable analytical methodology was developed for direct quantification of tetracycline (TC) and oxytetracycline (OTC) using continuous flow injection analysis with spectrophotometric detection. The method is based on the diazo coupling reaction between the tetracyclines and diazotized sulfanilic acid in a basic medium, resulting in the formation of an intense orange azo compound that presents maximum absorption at 434 nm. Experimental design was used to optimize the analytical conditions. The proposed technique was validated over the concentration range of 1 to 40 μg mL(-1), and was successfully applied to samples of commercial veterinary pharmaceuticals. The detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits were 0.40 and 1.35 μg mL(-1), respectively. The samples were also analyzed by an HPLC method, and the results showed agreement with the proposed technique. The new flow injection method can be immediately used for quality control purposes in the pharmaceutical industry, facilitating monitoring in real time during the production processes of tetracycline formulations for veterinary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pérez Rodríguez
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Redigolo Pezza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pezza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", UNESP, R. Prof. Francisco Degni 55, P.O. Box 355, 14800-900 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Heaven MR, Funk AJ, Cobbs AL, Haffey WD, Norris JL, McCullumsmith RE, Greis KD. Systematic evaluation of data-independent acquisition for sensitive and reproducible proteomics-a prototype design for a single injection assay. J Mass Spectrom 2016; 51:1-11. [PMID: 26757066 PMCID: PMC4712743 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based proteomics has become increasingly complicated in recent years because of the vast number of workflows described, coupled with a lack of studies indicating a rational framework for selecting effective settings to use. To address this issue and provide a resource for the proteomics community, we compared 12 DIA methods that assay tryptic peptides using various mass-isolation windows. Our findings indicate that the most sensitive single injection LC-DIA method uses 6 m/z isolation windows to analyze the densely populated tryptic peptide range from 450 to 730 m/z, which allowed quantification of 4465 Escherichia coli peptides. In contrast, using the sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ions (SWATH) approach with 26 m/z isolation windows across the entire 400-1200 m/z range, allowed quantification of only 3309 peptides. This reduced sensitivity with 26 m/z windows is caused by an increase in co-eluting compounds with similar precursor values detected in the same tandem MS spectra, which lowers the signal-to-noise of peptide fragment-ion chromatograms and reduces the amount of low abundance peptides that can be quantified from 410 to 920 m/z. Above 920 m/z, more peptides were quantified with 26 m/z windows because of substantial peptide (13) C isotope distributions that parse peptide ions into separate isolation windows. Because reproducible quantification has been a long-standing aim of quantitative proteomics, and is a so-called trait of DIA, we sought to determine whether precursor-level chromatograms used in some methods rather than their fragment-level counterparts have similar precision. Our data show that extracted fragment-ion chromatograms are the reason DIA provides superior reproducibility. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam J. Funk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | | | - Wendy D. Haffey
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Jeremy L. Norris
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert E. McCullumsmith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Kenneth D. Greis
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
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Prasertboonyai K, Arqueropanyo OA, Liawraungrath B, Liawraungrath S, Pojanakaroon T. Miniaturization of spectrophotometry based on micro flow analysis using norfloxacin as less-toxic reagent for iron determination. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 151:532-537. [PMID: 26162341 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A micro flow analysis (μFA) system has been designed and fabricated for determination of total iron. The system consists of a microchannels fabricated by etching the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) by using laser ablation techniques and a sealed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as top plate. The PMMA micro-flow was topped with a home-made polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-flow through cell, which was integrated with light emitting diode (LED) as light source and a USB 2000 spectrometer as detector. The proposed μFA system was applied to determination of Fe(III) using norfloxacin as a less-toxic complexing agent in an acetate buffer solution pH 4.0, resulting in a yellow colored complex which gave the maximum absorption at 430nm. Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained in the concentration range of 0.20-5.00mgL(-1). The limit of detection (LOD, defined as 3σ) and limit of quantification (LOQ, defined as 10σ) were 0.12 and 0.45mgL(-1), respectively. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for repeatability and reproducibility were less than 1.50% and 1.24% (n=11) for 0.2mgL(-1) and 1.0mgL(-1) Fe(III), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of total iron in water samples, validated by the FAAS standard method after digestion by HNO3 and H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyarak Prasertboonyai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Orn-Anong Arqueropanyo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Boonsom Liawraungrath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saisunee Liawraungrath
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Teraboon Pojanakaroon
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Together with Materials Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Santos IC, Waybright VB, Fan H, Ramirez S, Mesquita RBR, Rangel AOSS, Fryčák P, Schug KA. Determination of Noncovalent Binding Using a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor as a Flow Injection Device Coupled to Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2015; 26:1204-1212. [PMID: 25832030 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Described is a new method based on the concept of controlled band dispersion, achieved by hyphenating flow injection analysis with ESI-MS for noncovalent binding determinations. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was used as a FIA device for exponential dilution of an equimolar host-guest solution over time. The data obtained was treated for the noncovalent binding determination using an equimolar binding model. Dissociation constants between vancomycin and Ac-Lys(Ac)-Ala-Ala-OH peptide stereoisomers were determined using both the positive and negative ionization modes. The results obtained for Ac-L-Lys(Ac)-D-Ala-D-Ala (a model for a Gram-positive bacterial cell wall) binding were in reasonable agreement with literature values made by other mass spectrometry binding determination techniques. Also, the developed method allowed the determination of dissociation constants for vancomycin with Ac-L-Lys(Ac)-D-Ala-L-Ala, Ac-L-Lys(Ac)-L-Ala-D-Ala, and Ac-L-Lys(Ac)-L-Ala-L-Ala. Although some differences in measured binding affinities were noted using different ionization modes, the results of each determination were generally consistent. Differences are likely attributable to the influence of a pseudo-physiological ammonium acetate buffer solution on the formation of positively- and negatively-charged ionic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês C Santos
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto, Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401, Porto, Portugal
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Wabaidur SM, Alam SM, Alothman ZA, Mohsin K. Silver nanoparticles enhanced flow injection chemiluminescence determination of gatifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulation and spiked urine sample. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 144:170-175. [PMID: 25754393 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles have been utilized for the enhanced chemiluminogenic estimation of fluoroquinolone antibiotic gatifloxacin. It has been found that the weak chemiluminescence intensity produced from the reaction between calcein and KMnO4 can further be strengthened by the addition of silver nanoparticles in the presence of gatifloxacin. This phenomenon has been exploited to the quantitative determination of gatifloxacin. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the calibration curves are linear over the range of 8.9×10(-9)-4.0×10(-6) M, while the limits of detections were found to be 2.6×10(-9) M with correlation coefficient value (r(2)) 0.9999. The relative standard deviation calculated from six replicate measurements (1.0×10(-4) M gatifloxacin) was 1.70%. The method was applied to pharmaceutical preparations and the results obtained were in reasonable agreement with the amount labeled on the formulations. The proposed method was also used for the determination of gatifloxacin in spiked urine samples with satisfactory results. No interference effects from some common excipients used in pharmaceutical preparations have been found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikh mohammad Wabaidur
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Zeid A Alothman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazi Mohsin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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