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Han P, Tang J, Xu X, Meng P, Wu K, Sun B, Song X. Identification of the grass carp interleukin-23 receptor and its proinflammatory role in intestinal inflammation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130946. [PMID: 38521334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
The interleukin 23 receptor (IL-23R) is associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases in humans and other mammals. However, whether IL-23R is involved in inflammatory diseases in teleost fish is less understood. Thus, to investigate the potential involvement of IL-23R in fish inflammatory diseases, the full-length cDNA of IL-23R from grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella was cloned and used to generate a recombinant protein (rgcIL-23R) containing the extracellular domain of IL-23R, against which a polyclonal antibody (rgcIL-23R pAb) was then developed. qPCR analysis revealed that IL-23R mRNA was significantly upregulated in most grass carp tissues in response to infection with Gram-negative Aeromonas hydrophila. Treatment with rgcIL-23R significantly induced IL-17A/F1 expression in C. idella kidney (CIK) cells. By contrast, knockdown of IL-23R caused significant decreases in IL-23R, STAT3, and IL-17N expression in CIK cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Similarly, rgcIL-23R pAb treatment effectively inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the expression of IL-23 subunit genes and those of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in CIK cells. Furthermore, intestinal symptoms identical to those caused by A. hydrophila were induced by anal intubation with rgcIL-23R, but suppressed by rgcIL-23R pAb. Therefore, these results suggest that IL-23R has a crucial role in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and, thus, is a promising target for controlling inflammatory diseases in farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Han
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Tang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xufang Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pengkun Meng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kang Wu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bingyao Sun
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xuehong Song
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
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2
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Gao Q, Chen L, An Z, Wang Y, Yang D, Wang Z, Kang J, Barnych B, Hammock BD, Huo J, Zhang J. Development of an immunoassay based on a specific antibody for the detection of diphenyl ether herbicide fomesafen. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169858. [PMID: 38190900 PMCID: PMC10871040 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Fomesafen belongs to the diphenyl ether herbicide, and is widely used in the control of broadleaf weeds in crop fields due to its high efficiency and good selectivity. The residual of fomesafen in soil has a toxic effect on subsequent sensitive crops and the microbial community structure because of its long residual period. Therefore, an efficient method for detecting fomesafen is critical to guide the correct and reasonable use of this herbicide. Rapid and sensitive immunoassay methods for fomesafen is unavailable due to the lack of specific antibody. In this study, a specific antibody for fomesafen was generated based on rational design of haptens and a sensitive immunoassay method was established. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the immunoassay was 39 ng/mL with a linear range (IC10-90) of 1.92-779.8 ng/mL. In addition, the developed assay had a good correlation with the standard UPLC-MS/MS both in the spike-recovery studies and in the detection of real soil samples. Overall, the developed indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay reported here is important for detecting and quantifying fomesafen contamination in soil and other environmental samples with good sensitivity and high reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Lai Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zexiu An
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Yasen Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Dongchen Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Zhengzhong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Jia Kang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Jingqian Huo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
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Rani A, Pandey DM, Pandey JP. Identification of cocoonase and cocoonase like protein using polyclonal antibody of Antheraea mylitta cocoonase. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:47-54. [PMID: 38109018 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocoonase is a proteolytic enzyme released by silk moths during pupal adult emergence. Without damaging the silk fibroin, this enzyme dissolves the shell of the tasar cocoon by exclusively targeting the protein sericin. Prior to this study, there was no available antibody against Antheraea mylitta cocoonase to identify or screen out similar variants or cocoonase like protein. RESULTS In the present study, naturally secreted A. mylitta cocoonase was purified and used to immunize New Zealand white rabbits. The developed polyclonal antibody of cocoonase was purified and its specific interaction with cocoonase was determined using Indirect ELISA. The confirmation of its specificity and immuno-reactivity was evaluated by western blot using native cocoonase of tasar silkworm A. mylitta. The efficacy and specificity of the polyclonal antibody were further verified and confirmed by western blot which was performed to detect ten different ecotypes of A. mylitta cocoonase. CONCLUSION The developed antibody successfully detected the cocoonase of different ecotypes. Thus, in future this antibody can serve as one of the molecular detection method for cocoonase and cocoonase-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Rani
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
- Biotechnology Division, Central Tasar Research and Training Institute (Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles), Piska Nagri, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835303, India
| | - Dev Mani Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
| | - Jay Prakash Pandey
- Biotechnology Division, Central Tasar Research and Training Institute (Central Silk Board, Ministry of Textiles), Piska Nagri, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835303, India.
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4
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Hong Q, Chen YL, Lin D, Yang RQ, Cao KY, Zhang LJ, Liu YM, Sun LC, Cao MJ. Expression of polyphenol oxidase of Litopenaeus vannamei and its characterization. Food Chem 2024; 432:137258. [PMID: 37657339 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) plays a critical role in decrement of shrimp quality. To obtain active PPO and elucidate its enzymatic properties, PPO from Litopenaeus vannamei (Lv-PPO) was cloned, expressed in E. coli and purified by affinity column chromatography. The Lv-PPO gene was 2076 bp in length encoding 691 amino acids. The recombinant Lv-PPO (rLv-PPO) with a molecular mass of ∼85.0 kDa was successfully expressed and its sequence was verified by LC-MS/MS. rLv-PPO was biologically active with an optimal temperature of 40℃ and an optimal pH of 6.0. Metal ions Cu2+ and Zn2+ altered the activity of rLv-PPO by influencing its secondary and tertiary structures. rLv-PPO showed catalytic activity towards l-Dopa and catechol. A specific polyclonal antibody against rLv-PPO was prepared. Western blot analysis revealed that PPO levels were highest in hemolymph, followed by telson, carapace, and eyestalk. Expression of rLv-PPO will assist future studies on the mechanism in shrimp melanosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yu-Lei Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Duanquan Lin
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ru-Qing Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Kai-Yuan Cao
- Department of Biological Science, National University of Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Ling-Jing Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Le-Chang Sun
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Min-Jie Cao
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Feng C, Huang C, Shi Y, Gao X, Lu Z, Tang R, Qi Q, Shen Y, Li G, Shi Y, Liu P, Guo X. Preparation of polyclonal antibodies to the chicken Beclin1 protein and its application in the detection of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127635. [PMID: 37884239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Beclin1, also known as ATG6, has been shown to be closely related to coronavirus, however, the link between Beclin1 and nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) has been poorly investigated and there are no available antibodies specifically targeting the chicken Beclin1 protein. The study aimed to prepare and assay a polyclonal antibody to Beclin1, enabling a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of Beclin1 in NIBV. In this study, we amplified the chicken Beclin1 target gene and constructed a recombinant plasmid using prokaryotic expression techniques, then obtained the recombinant target protein by induced expression. Finally, the serum is obtained by immunizing rabbits with the purified and concentrated protein. The results show that the antiserum potency of the ELISA assay was >1:204800. By western blotting and immunofluorescence, the antibodies we prepared specifically recognized the chicken Beclin1 protein, which is mainly found in the nucleus of trachea, lung, kidney, spleen and fabricant cells. NIBV infection significantly decreased the expression of Beclin1 in the trachea, but increased in others. We have successfully prepared specific rabbit anti-chicken Beclin1 polyclonal antibodies, and detected changes in tissues of diseased chickens infected with NIBV, laying the foundation for further studies on the role of Beclin1 in avian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Feng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaona Gao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Zhihua Lu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Ruoyun Tang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Qiurong Qi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Yufan Shen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Guyue Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Yun Shi
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
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Song X, Zhang T, Xing B, Wang J, Zhai X, Wang X, Miao R, Li T, Wei L. Role of Cherry Valley duck IRF1 mediated signal pathway in host anti-duck Tembusu virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 265:110666. [PMID: 37979488 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
China is the country with the largest amount of duck breeding as well as duck meat and egg production. In recent years, the emergence and spread of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) has become one of the important factors in reducing the amount of duck slaughter, which seriously endangers the duck breeding industry in our country. In-depth research on the mechanism of duck innate immunity facilitates the exploration of new models for the treatment of DTMUV infection. IRF1 can induce the expression of many antiviral immune factors in the animal organism and play an important role in the innate immune response. In this study, we used interfering RNA to knock down the IRF1 gene in DEF cells and then the cells were infected with DTMUV. We found that knockdown of IRF1 promoted DTMUV replication at an early stage and caused downregulation of the expression of several major pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), interleukins (IL), interferons (IFN), antiviral proteins, and MHC molecules by assay, showing that the duIRF1-mediated signaling pathway plays an extremely important role in DTMUV-induced host innate immunity. In addition, we constructed the recombinant expression plasmid pET32a(+)-duIRF1-His, and finally prepared the polyclonal antibody of duIRF1 with good specificity, hoping to provide a detection means for research on the mechanism of IRF1 in innate immunity in our laboratory and in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Song
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan 250024, China
| | - Bin Xing
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Jinchao Wang
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xinyu Zhai
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Xiuyuan Wang
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Runchun Miao
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Tianxu Li
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China
| | - Liangmeng Wei
- Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
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7
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Wei Z, Zhu J, Cai Y, Liu T, Ma X, Feng X, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang W. Preparation of polyclonal antibodies against the Drosophila deacetylases SIRT 6 and SIRT 7. Protein Expr Purif 2023; 211:106338. [PMID: 37460032 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
SIRT6 and SIRT7, as members of the Sirtuins family, are indispensable for the growth and development of Drosophila. They play crucial roles in maintaining genome stability, regulating metabolic senescence, and controlling tumorigenesis. To investigate their involvement in the Drosophila life cycle, we focused on describing the expression and purification of recombinant Drosophila SIRT6 and SIRT7 proteins. Subsequently, these proteins were utilized for generating polyclonal antibodies against Drosophila SIRT6 and SIRT7. The recombinant expression plasmid was introduced into E. coli cells to enable the production of SIRT6 and SIRT7 proteins. Following immunizations of New Zealand white rabbits and guinea pigs with the recombinant proteins as antigens, specific polyclonal antisera against both proteins were obtained. After purification, the specificity of SIRT6 and SIRT7 was confirmed using ELISA and western blot analyses, demonstrating strong specificity. These antibodies hold promise for the development of detection assays required for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Jiejie Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Ta Liu
- QingHai Hai Nan Science and Technology Bureau, China
| | - Xianghua Ma
- QingHai Hai Nan Science and Technology Bureau, China
| | - Xiaodie Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Yushan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, China.
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8
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Wang G, Lu R, Gao Y, Zhang H, Shi X, Ma W, Wu L, Tian X, Liu H, Jiang H, Li X, Ma X. Molecular characterization and potential function of Rxrγ in gonadal differentiation of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 233:106360. [PMID: 37429547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor (RXR) is a member of the ligand-dependent nuclear receptor family. Previous studies revealed that RXRs are involved in reproduction in vertebrates. However, information on the function of RXRs in turtles is scarce. In this study, the Rxrγ cDNA sequence of Pelodiscus sinensis was cloned and analyzed, and a polyclonal antibody was constructed. RXRγ protein showed a positive signal in both mature and differentiated gonads of the turtle. Subsequently, the function of the Rxrγ gene in gonadal differentiation was confirmed using short interfering RNA (RNAi). The full-length cDNA sequence of the Rxrγ gene in P. sinensis was 2152 bp, encoding 407 amino acids and containing typical nuclear receptor family domains, including the DNA-binding domain (DBD), ligand-binding domain (LBD), and activation function 1 (AF1). Moreover, gonadal Ps-Rxrγ showed sexual dimorphism expression patterns in differentiated gonads. Real-time quantitative PCR results revealed that the Rxrγ gene was highly expressed in the turtle ovary. RNAi treatment increased the number of Sertoli cells in ZZ embryonic gonads. Furthermore, RNA interference upregulated Dmrt1 and Sox9 in ZZ and ZW embryonic gonads. However, Foxl2, Cyp19a1, Stra8, and Cyp26b1 were downregulated in embryonic gonads. The results indicated that Rxrγ participated in gonadal differentiation and development in P. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyu Wang
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ruiyi Lu
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yijie Gao
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xi Shi
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenge Ma
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Limin Wu
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xue Tian
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huifen Liu
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Hongxia Jiang
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Fisheries Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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9
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Shen M, Zhang S, Mao Y, Wang C, Gao P, Li N, Jiang Y, Liu D, Wang T, Jia B, Xu L, Huang B, Zhu R, Sun Z, Wei K. Effect of duck interferon-α and an anti-cap protein polyclonal antibody against duck circovirus. Microb Pathog 2023; 182:106235. [PMID: 37419219 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Duck circovirus (DuCV) is one of the most prevalent viruses in the duck breeding industry, and causes persistent infection and severe immunosuppression. Currently, there is a serious lack of prevention and control measures and no commercial vaccine against DuCV. Therefore, effective antiviral drugs are important for treating DuCV infection. Interferon (IFN) is an important component of antiviral innate immunity, but it remains unclear whether duck IFN-α has a clinical effect against DuCV. Antibody therapy is an important way to treat viral infections. The DuCV structural protein (cap) is immunogenic, and it remains to be determined whether an anti-cap protein antibody can effectively block DuCV infection. In this study, the duck IFN-α gene and the DuCV structural protein cap gene were cloned, expressed and purified in Escherichia coli to prepare duck recombinant IFN-α and the cap protein. Then, rabbits were immunized with the recombinant cap protein to prepare a rabbit polyclonal antibody. This study investigated the antiviral effect of duck recombinant IFN-α and the anti-cap protein antibody and their combined effect on Cherry Valley ducks infected with DuCV. The results showed that the treatment significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms of immune organ atrophy and immunosuppression compared with the control. The histopathological damage of the target organs was alleviated, and replication of DuCV in the immune organs was significantly inhibited. The treatment also reduced the damage caused by DuCV to the liver and immune function, and increased the level of the DuCV antibody in the blood, thereby improving antiviral activity. Notably, the combination of duck IFN-α and the polyclonal antibody completely blocked DuCV infection after 13 days under the experimental conditions, showing a better inhibitory effect on DuCV infection than single treatments. These results showed that duck recombinant IFN-α and the anti-cap protein antibody can be used as antiviral drugs to clinically treat and control DuCV infection, particularly the vertical transmission of the virus in breeding ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yaqing Mao
- China Veterinary Drug Inspection Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Panpan Gao
- Zaozhuang Veterinary Biological Products Inspection Center, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yunxuan Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Defeng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
| | - Baoyu Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Li Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Bohan Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Ruiliang Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhenhong Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
| | - Kai Wei
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
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10
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Budaya TN, Permatasari HK, Widodo N, Prawiro SR. The Evolution of Polyclonal Antibody from Specific Epitope 47kDA for Detection of Bladder Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3155-3164. [PMID: 37774067 PMCID: PMC10762744 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.9.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study will identify specific epitopes from the 47kDa protein as the basis for making polyclonal antibodies to increasing sensitivity and specificity of 47kDa protein as bladder cancer biomarkers. METHOD The 47kDa protein epitope prediction was carried out using the in-silico method. The epitope with the highest and the lowest value was immunized to the mice for four weeks and was harvested at the fifth weeks. The antibody was tested with the patient's urine using western blotting. Total of 186 participants including in this study. For the first stage (antibody confirmation test) test we have 18 participants, for the second stage (1st antibody diagnosis test) we have 72 participants and for the third stage (2nd antibody diagnosis test) we have 96 participants, consist of total 64 BC patients 48 of healthy individuals and 74 participants with the other diseases. RESULTS Some epitopes from the sequenced protein are candidates for immunization, in the chain 108'-136' (with lowest Bepipred score: 0.53) named as peptide1 and chain 42'-56' (with highest bepipred score: 0.58) named as peptide2. In western blotting test, both antibodies showed detection at 47kDa. When examined with western blot using urine from BC patients, urine from other cancer patients (prostate, kidney, ureter, rectal, breast), and healthy persons, both antibodies were found to only express 47kDa in urine from BC patients. The diagnostic tests showed high sensitivity (91.67%) and specificity (94.44%) inAb2 in predicting bladder cancer. CONCLUSSION The evolution of the polyclonal antibody made from specific epitopes is proven to express specifically on bladder cancer patients and have high sensitivity and specificity to diagnose bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufiq Nur Budaya
- Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Happy Kurnia Permatasari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - N Widodo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Sumarno Reto Prawiro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.
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11
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Li C, Pang Y, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Fang L, Xiao S, Qiu D. Cloning, expression of porcine GSDME and identification of its site cleaved by caspase-3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 669:61-67. [PMID: 37267861 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the gasdermin family, gasdermin E (GSDME) is specifically cleaved by caspase-3, resulting in pyroptosis. To date, the biological characteristics and functions of human and mouse GSDME have been extensively studied; however, little is known of porcine GSDME (pGSDME). In this study, the full-length pGSDME-FL was cloned, which encodes 495 amino acids (aa) that have closely evolutionary relationships to the homolog of camelus, aquatic mammals, cattle and goat. Moreover, pGSDME was detected at different levels of expression in 21 tissues and 5 pig-derived cell lines tested by qRT-PCR, with the highest expression levels in mesenteric lymph nodes and PK-15 cell lines. Anti-pGSDME polyclonal antibody (pAb) with good specificity was generated by expressing the truncated recombinant protein pGSDME-1-208 and immunizing the rabbits. By western blot analysis using highly specific anti-pGSDME polyclonal antibody (pAb) prepared as primary antibody, it was not only confirmed that paclitaxel and cisplatin were positive stimuli to pGSDME cleavage and caspase-3 activation, but also identified the aspartate (D268) at position 268th of pGSDME as a cleavage site of caspase-3, and the overexpressed pGSDME-1-268 possesses cytotoxicity to HEK-293T cells, indicating that pGSDME-1-268 may contain active domains and involve pGSDME-mediated pyroptosis. These results lay a foundation for further investigating the function of pGSDME, especially its role in pyroptosis and its interaction with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yu Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Liurong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaobo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Dexin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Oghalaie A, Shoari A, Kazemi-Lomedasht F, Rahimi-Jamnani F, Mahboudi F, Ghaderi H, Hosseininejad-Chafi M, Moazzami R, Ashja Ardalan A, Piri-Gavgani S, Shahbazzadeh D, Behdani M. Development of polyclonal heavy chain antibodies targeting programmed death ligand-1. Vet Res Forum 2023; 14:323-328. [PMID: 37383651 PMCID: PMC10298837 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.553274.3461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1, CD274 and B7-H1) has been described as a ligand for immune inhibitory receptor programmed death protein 1 (PD-1). With binding to PD-1 on activated T cells, PD-L1 can prevent T cell responses via motivating apoptosis. Consequently, it causes cancers immune evasion and helps the tumor growth; hence, PD-L1 is regarded as a therapeutic target for malignant cancers. The anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody targeting PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint has attained remarkable outcomes in clinical application and has turned to one of the most prevalent anti-cancer drugs. The present study aimed to develop polyclonal heavy chain antibodies targeting PD-L1via Camelus dromedarius immunization. The extra-cellular domain of human PD-L1 (hPD-L1) protein was cloned, expressed, and purified. Afterwards, this recombinant protein was utilized as an antigen for camel immunization to acquire polyclonal camelid sera versus this protein. Our outcomes showed that hPD-L1 protein was effectively expressed in the prokaryotic system. The antibody-based techniques, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and flow cytometry displayed that the hPD-L1 protein was detected by generated polyclonal antibody. Due to the advantages of multi-epitope-binding ability, our study exhibited that camelid antibody is effective to be applied significantly for detection of PD-L1 protein in essential antibody-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Oghalaie
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Alireza Shoari
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi-Lomedasht
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Fatemeh Rahimi-Jamnani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | | | - Hajarossadat Ghaderi
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Hosseininejad-Chafi
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Reza Moazzami
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Arghavan Ashja Ardalan
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Somayeh Piri-Gavgani
- Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Delavar Shahbazzadeh
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Mahdi Behdani
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;
- Zoonoses Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran.
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13
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Afshari Z, Rasaee MJ, Paknejad M, Khalili S, Baradaran-Rafii A. The Ability of Antibody against Truncated Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Peptide to Evaluate the Native Protein on Tear Drops of Dry Eye Disease Patients by a Point-of-Care Diagnostic System. J Curr Ophthalmol 2023; 35:170-176. [PMID: 38250498 PMCID: PMC10795817 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_320_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To obtain a reactive and specific antibody against truncated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), that has reactivity toward the native protein. Precision, accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity were evaluated using a point-of-care test. Methods An in silico study was used to confirm the anti peptide truncated MMP-9 is against native MMP-9. After an antibody titer assessment, purification, and characterization, the anti MMP-9 was assessed. The cut-off value was determined using the purified gelatinases of the supernatant HCT 116 cell line. The supernatant was purified by preparative native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis based on charge and size of the proteins. Furthermore, quality control (QC) of the results were performed following standard densitometry methods. Results A truncated MMP-9 is the major epitope peptide that can trigger the immune system to scavenge for a specific and reactive antibody against the native MMP-9. The MMP-9 native protein is purified from the supernatant of the HCT 116 cell line and the commercially available, full-length MMP-9. The cut-off value was estimated at 30 μg/mL. QC results indicated that the specificity was 80%, sensitivity was 96.7%, accuracy was 91%, and precision was 91.66%. The area under curve was 0.827 (P < 0.001). The positive predictive value was 83%, and the negative predictive value was 96%. Conclusions The antibody against the synthetic epitope peptide can detect the native MMP-9. Native MMP-9 is considered the main biomarker in an immunoassay POCT and is used to diagnose dry eye disease (DED). In accordance with QC results, MMP-9 point of care test can be utilized for screening patients suffering from DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Afshari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Rasaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Paknejad
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Rafii
- Department of Ophthalmology, Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Farid A. Preparation of polyclonal anti-Schistosoma mansoni cysteine protease antibodies for early diagnosis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1609-1619. [PMID: 36773062 PMCID: PMC10006032 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12408-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
In many parts of the tropics, schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease second only to malaria as a cause of morbidity and mortality. Diagnostic approaches include microscopic sampling of excreta such as the Kato-Katz method, radiography, and serology. Due to their vital role in many stages of the parasitic life cycle, proteases have been under investigation as targets of immunological or chemotherapeutic anti-Schistosoma agents. Five major classes of protease have been identified on the basis of the peptide hydrolysis mechanism: serine, cysteine, aspartic, threonine, and metalloproteases. Proteases of all five catalytic classes have been identified from S. mansoni through proteomic or genetic analysis. The study aimed to produce polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) against schistosomal cysteine proteases (CP) to be used in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. This study was conducted on S. mansoni-infected patients from highly endemic areas and from outpatients' clinic and hospitals and other patients infected with other parasites (Fasciola, hookworm, hydatid, and trichostrongyloids). In this study, the produced polyclonal antibodies against S. mansoni cysteine protease antigens were labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate and used to detect CP antigens in stool and serum samples of S. mansoni-infected patients by sandwich ELISA. The study involved 200 S. mansoni-infected patients (diagnosed by finding characteristic eggs in the collected stool samples), 100 patients infected with other parasites (Fasciola, hookworm, hydatid, and trichostrongyloids), and 100 individuals who served as parasite-free healthy negative control. The prepared pAb succeeded in detecting CP antigens in stool and serum samples of S. mansoni-infected patients by sandwich ELISA with a sensitivity of 98.5% and 98.0% respectively. A positive correlation was observed between S. mansoni egg counts and both stool and serum antigen concentrations. Purified 27.5 kDa CP could be introduced as a suitable candidate antigen for early immunodiagnosis using sandwich ELISA for antigen detection. KEY POINTS: • Detection of cysteine protease antigens can replace parasitological examination. • Sandwich ELISA has a higher sensitivity than microscopic examination of eggs. • Identification of antigens is important for the goal of obtaining diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farid
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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15
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Gao X, Lyu M, Zhang M, Lin S, Ke C. Structural characteristics of orexin receptor type 2 in Pacific abalone and its diurnal expression pattern after fasting and re-feeding. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:873-884. [PMID: 36587646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) is a typical nocturnal organism. To examine the circadian expression pattern of orexin receptor type 2 (OX2R) and its potential effect on the feeding behavior of abalone, the coding region sequence of OX2R that is 1215 bp in length and encodes 404 amino acids was first cloned using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique. A recombinant expression vector was constructed for H. discus hannai based on the OX2R protein, obtaining a recombinant protein with a molecular weight of 46 kDa. Polyclonal antibody was prepared with the purified recombinant protein used as the antigen, and the antibody titer of ≥512 K was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of OX2R determined using western blotting were highest in the intestinal tract (P < 0.05), but they were not significantly different from the levels in the pedal. Immunofluorescence experiments affirmed that OX2R was widely expressed in the columnar cells of the intestinal mucosal epithelium. To further account for the relationship between the onset of feeding behavior and the expression level of OX2R in abalone, the circadian expression characteristics of OX2R were analyzed by dissecting the intestinal tissues after three days of normal feeding and fasting and following the refeeding treatment. The expression levels of OX2R in the refeeding group were significantly higher than those in the normal feeding and fasting groups at any time point (P < 0.05). The cosine curve analysis revealed that the expression levels of OX2R lost rhythmicity after fasting. Based on the quantification of behavioral data for abalone after fasting and refeeding, the cumulative movement distance and movement duration in each group followed a significant cosine rhythm (P < 0.05), which is consistent with abalone's nocturnal ecological habits. However, the cumulative movement distance and movement duration in the fasting group were significantly lower than those in the normal feeding and refeeding groups (P < 0.05). The peak phases of the cumulative movement distance and movement duration in the refeeding group (ZT08:22 and ZT08:44) shifted backward compared to the normal feeding group (ZT07:33 and ZT07:39). The above results first identified the structural characteristics and circadian expression patterns of OX2R in the marine mollusk abalone, which may reveal the molecular mechanism behind the generation of a feeding rhythm in marine nocturnal organisms and serve as a tool helping to maintain the diversity of marine benthic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mingxin Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shihui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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16
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Liao S, Chen Y, Yang Y, Wang G, Wang Q, Liu J, Wu H, Luo Q, Chen Y. Detection of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. J Immunol Methods 2023; 515:113442. [PMID: 36813129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The RNA synthesis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a sophisticated process performed by a multilingual viral replication complex, together with cellular factors. A key enzyme of this replication complex is RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). However, there is limited knowledge about PEDV RdRp. In our present study, a polyclonal antibody against RdRp was prepared by using a prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a-RdRp to study the function of PEDV RdRp and provide a tool to investigate PEDV pathogenesis. In addition, the enzyme activity and half-life of PEDV RdRp were investigated. The result showed that the polyclonal antibody against PEDV RdRp was successfully prepared and was able to be used to detect PEDV RdRp by immunofluorescence and western blotting. Additionally, enzyme activity of PEDV RdRp reached nearly 2 pmol/μg/h and the half-life of PEDV RdRp was 5.47 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suya Liao
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yijing Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yulan Yang
- Xinchang County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xinchang 312500, PR China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Qihang Wang
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Haowen Wu
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Qiyuan Luo
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional South Chinese Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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Gao Q, Huo J, Chen L, Yang D, Zhang W, Jia B, Xu X, Barnych B, Zhang J, Hammock BD. Development of immunoassay based on a specific antibody for sensitive detection of nicosulfuron in environment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:160247. [PMID: 36400293 PMCID: PMC10042444 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nicosulfuron, one of the most widely used selective herbicides in corn field, can effectively control annual and perennial grass weeds, sedges, and some broadleaf weeds. The residual phytotoxicity of nicosulfuron in soil and water has become increasingly prominent. Therefore, an efficient method for detection of nicosulfuron was critical to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture and the ecological environment. In this paper, five nicosulfuron haptens which contained carboxyl group or aldehyde groups were designed and synthesized, and an indirect competitive immunoassay was developed for the first time. The assay showed an IC50 of 8.42 ng/mL and had negligible cross reactivities toward other sulfonylurea herbicides. In the spike and recovery studies, the recovery rate from soil samples was 95 %-104 %, and that of wheat roots was 92 %-98 %, which showed a good correlation with LC-MS analysis for nicosulfuron. The immunoassay was then used to quantify nicosulfuron concentration which could cause the obvious phytotoxic symptoms to wheat. Obvious symptoms of nicosulfuron phytotoxicity in wheat root was observed at the concentration of 0.068 ± 0.006 mg/kg (ELISA result) which was consistent with 0.072 ± 0.007 mg/kg obtained by LC-MS. The developed immunoassay method is an effective tool for environment contamination monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Jingqian Huo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Lai Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Dongchen Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bin Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Jinlin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China.
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
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Yang Y, Meng Y, Chen L, Dong M, Zhang H, Wu J, Hao X, He S, Tian Y, Gong Z, Shang S. Development of specific monoclonal antibodies for the detection of natural chicken tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12446. [PMID: 36593850 PMCID: PMC9803707 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is an important proinflammatory cytokine and the only known cytokine that can directly kill tumor cells. Unlike mammalian counterparts, chicken TNF-α (chTNF-α) gene has not been identified until very recently due to its high GC content (∼70%) and long GC fragments. The biological functions of this newly-identified cytokine and its detection methods remain to be further investigated. In this study, the extracellular domain of chTNF-α was cloned into prokaryotic vector after codon optimization and recombinant chTNF-α protein was expressed. Subsequently, using recombinant chTNF-ɑ as immunogen, rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb) and eight clones of mouse anti-chTNF-ɑ monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced, respectively. Both the pAb and mAbs specifically recognized recombinant chTNF-ɑ expressed in E.coli and transfected COS-7 cells. Further mapping the antigenic region showed that all the mAbs recognized a region of amino acid residues 195-285 of chTNF-ɑ. Furthermore, an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of chTNF-ɑ was established using one mAb and the pAb. This assay showed no cross-reactivity with irrelevant Trx-fused antigens and could detect natural chTNF-ɑ expressed by mitogen-activated chicken splenocytes in a dose-dependent manner, with a detection limit of 1 ng/mL. Collectively, our results indicated that the mAbs and pAb against chTNF-α are specific and could be used for the study of the biological functions of chTNF-ɑ and the detection of chTNF-ɑ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yining Meng
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Maoli Dong
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huining Zhang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoli Hao
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuangjiang He
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yunfei Tian
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zaicheng Gong
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shaobin Shang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,International Corporation Laboratory of Agriculture and Agricultural Products Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China,Corresponding author.
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Mamun M, Nasren S, Abhiman P, Rathore S, Rakesh K, Sowndarya N, Ramesh K, Shankar K. Evaluation of feed utilization, immune response and disease resistance in striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage 1878) fed with a novel Aeromonas hydrophila biofilm vaccine. Fish Shellfish Immunol Rep 2022; 3:100070. [PMID: 36419597 PMCID: PMC9680056 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus was immunized with Biofilm (BF) and Free cell (FC) of Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine at 1010 CFU g-1 for 20 days and monitored for growth parameters, immune responses and disease resistance up to 60 day post vaccination (dpv). Pangasius catfish in the BF vaccinated group had considerably higher growth and feed utilization than the FC vaccinated and unvaccinated groups (p < 0.05). Biofilm vaccinated group showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the mean weight gain (46.91 ± 0.59) than the FC (35.94 ± 0.21) and unvaccinated group (34.92 ± 0.35). The vaccinated fishes were challenged with A. hydrophila at 107 CFU/ml. Significant higher relative percentage survival (RPS) was recorded with BF (84.21 ± 1.49%) compared to that with FC (33.33 ± 1.21%). Polyclonal antibody-based ELISA was used to quantify the antibody titre. BF vaccinated group showed significantly higher antibody titer compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, higher haematological parameters recorded in the present study were differentially stimulated by the oral administration of A. hydrophila biofilm vaccine. The mean total protein, albumin, and globulin levels of the BF vaccine groups were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the mean total protein, albumin, and globulin contents of the unvaccinated group. Furthermore, biochemical stress parameters (SGPT, SGOT) in the vaccinated groups showed an incremental trend in the early days of the experimental period. However, the values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the biofilm group on 20 dpv onwards indicating improved health condition. Vaccinated BF fishes showed gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) within the laminar propria of mid gut. But in FC group fishes showed less aggregation of lymphoid cells. The unvaccinated control fish had no lymphoid cell aggregation in their intestines. The findings of the current research suggested that biofilm vaccine has the capability to be one of the potential oral vaccines in striped catfish against A. hydrophila infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.A.A. Mamun
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
- Department of Fish Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - S. Nasren
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
- Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh
| | - P.B. Abhiman
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
| | - S.S. Rathore
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
| | - K. Rakesh
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
| | - N.S. Sowndarya
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
| | - K.S. Ramesh
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
| | - K.M. Shankar
- Veterinary College, Shimoga, Ex-Dean, College of Fisheries (KVAFSU), Mangalore 575002, India
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20
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Hurisa TT, Chen G, Jia H, Xiang FY, He XB, Jing ZZ. Evaluation of antibody responses against the whole virions of goatpox and sheeppox viruses after subcutaneous immunization of rabbits. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11745. [PMID: 36439728 PMCID: PMC9681629 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody development is the integral process of generating and characterizing an antibody. It commences by inoculating the antigen of interest into laboratory animals, allowing the immune system develops large quantities of antibodies. This was aimed at developing antibodies against the virion of Goatpox and Sheeppox virus vaccines. The ability of Goatpox and Sheeppox vaccines was assessed. Regarding this study, the antibody titers against both Goatpox and Sheeppox viruses was increased in the same manner. The amount of IgG was determined to be 2.29 μg/μl and 2.18 μg/μl against virions of Goatpox virus and Sheeppox respectively. The purified IgG was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Different bands of the purified antibodies were clearly visualized, and the molecular weight of IgG was estimated to be 67 kDa and 25 kDa. Additionally, antigen/antibody binding was confirmed by Western blot using GTPV A27 antigen. No significant differences in antibody titers were observed between the two groups (p < 0, 05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takele Tesgera Hurisa
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Guohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Huaijie Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Fang Yong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Agriculture Ministry, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, Gansu, China
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21
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Ding H, Shen Y, Gao Y, Wu S, Xie C, Sun H, Zhang H, Sun H, Shan Y, Ding J, Zheng B, Lu S, Zhuo X. Development of gold Immunochromatographic assay strip based on specific polyclonal antibodies against capsid protein for rapid detection of porcine circovirus 2 in Zhejiang province, China. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:373. [PMID: 36253821 PMCID: PMC9578217 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The existing detection methods for porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) specific antibodies in serum cannot determine the infection status, thus it is necessary to establish a method for detecting PCV2 antigen. The capsid protein (CAP) of PCV2, as a major structural protein that plays a significant role in viral replication and in inducing host's immune response, is an ideal target antigen to monitor PCV2 infection. Therefore, a gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) for rapid detection of PCV2 antigen based on the polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) against PCV2-CAP will be developed. RESULTS The truncated CAP protein (dCAP) was used to immunize rabbits to generate anti-serum. After preliminary purification by caprylic acid/ammonium sulfate precipitation (CAAS), specific PAbs were purified by affinity chromatography column coupled with dCAP and its titer was about two-fold higher than preliminary purified PAbs. Colloidal gold-PAbs conjugate was synthesized under the optimum conditions. The specific anti-dCAP PAbs and goat anti-rabbit antibody (GAR) were then sprayed onto nitrocellulose (NC) membrane as a test line (TL) and a control line (CL), respectively. The visual limit detection (vLOD) of the GICA strips was 5 ng/mL. Specificity assay indicated that the GICA strips had specifically detected PCV2 and was not reactive for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), pseudorabies virus (PRV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or classic swine fever virus (CSFV). A total of 36 porcine serum samples were detected by this GICA and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit, 9 positive samples were found by the developed strip with the rate of 25.0% comparing with 11 positive samples detected by the commercially ELISA Kit which positive rate was 30.5%, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that the relative sensitivity and specificity of this GICA strip were 72.7 and 96.0%, respectively, with an area of 87.2%. CONCLUSIONS This study established an efficient detection method with high sensitivity and specificity for the clinical diagnosis of PCV2 antigen, that will facilitate a rapid and convenient way to evaluate the infection status of vaccinated pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojie Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yafan Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songrui Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - ChengZuo Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Zhejiang Center of Animal Disease Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongchao Sun
- Department of Animal Parasitology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Shan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianzu Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaohong Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xunhui Zhuo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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22
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Sharudin NA, Murtadha Noor Din AH, Azahar II, Azlan MM, Yaacob NS, Sarmiento ME, Dominguez AA, Mokhtar NF. Invasion and Metastasis Suppression by Anti-Neonatal Nav1.5 Antibodies in Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:2953-2964. [PMID: 36172657 PMCID: PMC9810324 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.9.2953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detectable neonatal Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) expression in tumour breast tissue positive for lymph node metastasis and triple-negative subtype serves as a valid tumour-associated antigen to target and prevent breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Therapeutic antibodies against tumour antigens have become the predominant class of new drugs in cancer therapy because of their fewer adverse effects and high specificity. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic and anti-metastatic potential of the two newly obtained anti-nNav1.5 antibodies, polyclonal anti-nNav1.5 (pAb-nNav1.5) and monoclonal anti-nNav1.5 (mAb-nNav1.5), on breast cancer invasion and metastasis. METHODS MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells were used as in vitro models to study the effect of pAb-nNav1.5 (59.2 µg/ml) and mAb-nNav1.5 (10 µg/ml) (24 hours treatment) on cell invasion. 4T1-induced mammary tumours in BALB/c female mice were used as an in vivo model to study the effect of a single dose of intravenous pAb-nNav1.5 (1 mg/ml) and mAb-nNav1.5 (1 mg/ml) on the occurrence of metastasis. Real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to assess the effect of antibody treatment on nNav1.5 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. The animals' body weight, organs, lesions, and tumour mass were also measured and compared. RESULTS pAb-nNav1.5 and mAb-nNav1.5 treatments effectively suppressed the invasion of MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cells in the 3D spheroid invasion assay. Both antibodies significantly reduced nNav1.5 gene and protein expression in these cell lines. Treatment with pAb-nNav1.5 and mAb-nNav1.5 successfully reduced mammary tumour tissue size and mass and prevented lesions in vital organs of the mammary tumour animal model whilst maintaining the animal's healthy weight. mRNA expression of nNav1.5 in mammary tumour tissues was only reduced by mAb-nNav1.5. CONCLUSION Overall, this work verifies the uniqueness of targeting nNav1.5 in breast cancer invasion and metastasis prevention, but more importantly, humanised versions of mAb-nNav1.5 may be valuable passive immunotherapeutic agents to target nNav1.5 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aishah Sharudin
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Hafiz Murtadha Noor Din
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Irfan Irsyad Azahar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Mawaddah Mohd Azlan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Nik Soriani Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Maria Elena Sarmiento
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Armando Acosta Dominguez
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokhtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. ,For Correspondence:
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Moges B, Yinur D, Hassen A, Sisay Tessema T. Designing of immunodiagnostic assay using polyclonal antibodies for detection of Shiga toxin producing pathogenic E. coli (STEC) strains. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:195. [PMID: 35989381 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are the leading causes of diarrhea and death of humans worldwide. Many diagnostic assays have been developed to aid for the diagnosis of STEC strain; however, they have limitations. Thus, this study was aimed at designing rapid, effective, sensitive and specific immunodiagnostic assay for STEC strain detection. Thus, a STEC isolate from Ethiopia was processed for LPS extraction and the LPS was used to immunize mice.. The produced antibody showed positive agglutination both on the purified LPS as well as the STEC isolate carrying LPS on their surface; however, agglutination of STEC was more pronounced. Mice immunized with LPS produced highest agglutination on tertiary immunization showing the progressive buildup of the antibody response against the antigen. Cultures from tryptone soya agar and when they refresh showed better agglutination than cultures on EMB as well as tryptone soya broth. Immunodiagnostic assay developed in this study could detect STEC strains including STEC in human feces rapidly (1-2 min), with high sensitivity (90.2%), specificity (89.5%) and accuracy (90.6%). However, further studies are still required to improve the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility. Overall this diagnostic assay provided promising results that may curb current problem with detection methods in clinical health care and research laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biniam Moges
- Department of Biotechnology, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Degisew Yinur
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Aliyi Hassen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia
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León-Janampa N, Shinkaruk S, Gilman RH, Kirwan DE, Fouquet E, Szlosek M, Sheen P, Zimic M. Biorecognition and detection of antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a sandwich ELISA associated with magnetic nanoparticles. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114749. [PMID: 35447489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is one of the 10 leading causes of death worldwide, especially in low-income areas. A rapid, low-cost diagnostic assay for TB with high sensitivity and specificity is not currently available. Bio-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) which are able to efficiently detect and concentrate biomolecules from complex biological samples, allows improving the diagnostic immunoassays. In this way, a proof-of-concept of MNP-based sandwich immunoassay was developed to detect various MTB protein antigens. The superficial and secretory antigenic proteins considered in this research were: CFP10, ESAT6, MTC28, MPT64, 38 kDa protein, Ag85B, and MoeX. The proteins were cloned and expressed in an E. coli system. Polyclonal antibodies (ab) against the recombinant antigens were elicited in rabbits and mice. Antibodies were immobilized on the surface of amine-silanized nanoparticles (MNP@Si). The functionalized MNP@Si@ab were tested in a colorimetric sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (sELISA-MNP@Si@ab) to recognize the selected antigens in sputum samples. The selected MTB antigens were successfully detected in sputum from TB patients in a shorter time (~ 4 h) using the sELISA-MNP@Si@ab, compared to the conventional sELISA (~15 h) standardized in home. Moreover, the sELISA-MNP@Si@ab showed the higher sensitivity in the real biological samples from infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy León-Janampa
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33400 Talence, France.
| | - Svitlana Shinkaruk
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33400 Talence, France.
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Daniela E Kirwan
- Institute for Infection & Immunity, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Eric Fouquet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33400 Talence, France.
| | - Magali Szlosek
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33400 Talence, France.
| | - Patricia Sheen
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
| | - Mirko Zimic
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
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Cheng X, Liu J, Zhu Y, Guo X, Liu P, Zhang C, Cao H, Xing C, Zhuang Y, Hu G. Molecular cloning, characterization, and expression analysis of TIPE1 in chicken (Gallus gallus): Its applications in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 207:905-16. [PMID: 35364192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein eight like 1 (TIPE1) plays important role in autophagy, immunity, and lipid metabolism. The potential role of TIPE1 in fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS) is elusory. In the present study, the full-length coding sequence of TIPE1 was cloned, and the polyclonal antibody of TIPE1 was produced by the recombinant TIPE1 protein. The bioinformatic analysis showed that the chicken TIPE1 protein, which was predicted to be a hydrophobic and non-transmembrane protein without signal peptide was highly different from that of mammals. Furthermore, proceeded by using TIPE1 polyclonal antibody, the tissue distribution analysis showed that TIPE1 protein is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues in adult hens and chicks, with its level being higher in the liver and, spleen, moderate in intestinal, brain, and heart. Besides, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence observation demonstrated that TIPE1 mainly existed in the cytoplasm in liver, duodenum, and cecum cell. Notably, the TIPE1 expressions were significantly decreased in laying hens suffering from FLHS. Collectively, these results showed that the chicken TIPE1 polyclonal antibody was successfully prepared and further used to analyze the expression profiles of chicken. And the expression of TIPE1 was reduced in FLHS which provided the foundation for further investigation in FLHS.
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Pero SC, Nagulapally AB, Mei L, Zhang F, Sholler GS, Krag DN, Shukla GS. Development of Clinical-Grade Antibodies against Tumor-Specific Mutations to Target Neuroblastoma. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2022; 52:349-358. [PMID: 35777796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumor heterogeneity is a fundamental problem in treating cancer with monotargeting therapy, including chemical, antibody, and T cell therapies. Our goal is to target multiple mutated peptides found in a patient's cancer to increase antibody therapy effectiveness. METHODS Tumor samples were derived from patients with neuroblastoma. Whole-exome sequencing was performed of tumor and normal cells. Mutated proteins with missense mutations were selected from the patient tumor. These mutated proteins were further selected for the presence of missense mutations in the outer cell surface. Peptides representing a mutated section of the proteins were used for vaccinating rabbits and generating anti-peptide antibodies. The binding of individual polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and the mixtures of pAbs were determined against the patient's tumor as cultured neuroblastoma cells and in a murine xenograft model. Antibodies were prepared according to FDA requirements of a phase I clinical protocol. RESULTS All of the generated rabbit pAbs bound with high affinity to the corresponding peptide used for vaccination. The pAbs also bound to low passage neuroblastoma cells. Mixed as cocktails, the pAbs had substantially increased binding to cells and bound well to the xenograft tissue. No binding was observed to the panel of normal human tissues. Preparation of pAbs by an academic lab to clinical-grade was approved by FDA for phase I clinical trial. CONCLUSION We describe a new strategy to make customized antibodies for individual cancer patients and present the data required to meet FDA specifications to begin a phase I clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Pero
- Department of Surgery and University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Abhinav B Nagulapally
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health Children's Hospital, Charlotte, NC
| | - Linda Mei
- Department of Surgery and University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Vermont Biomedical Research Network, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Giselle S Sholler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health Children's Hospital, Charlotte, NC
| | - David N Krag
- Department of Surgery and University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Girja S Shukla
- Department of Surgery and University of Vermont Cancer Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
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Ngaiza AI, Yahaya JJ, Mwakimonga AK, Vuhahula E, Mnango L, Mwakigonja AR, Kawishe GJ, Ng D. Histologic detection of Helicobacter pylori by the immunohistochemical method using anti-Helicobacter pylori polyclonal antibody: A cross-sectional study of patients with gastric pathologies at the Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania. Arab J Gastroenterol 2022; 23:7-14. [PMID: 34840096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Immunohistochemistry is one of the superior methods and is regarded as the gold standard for the detection of Helicobacter pylori. We aimed to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies among patients at the Muhimbili National Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. Also, we determined the predictors of Helicobacter pylori infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospectively, we retrieved the tissue blocks of gastric biopsies at the Central Pathology Laboratory of the patients with different gastric pathologies at the Muhimbili National Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. Helicobacter pylori were detected using anti-Helicobacter pylori polyclonal antibodies. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine the predictors of Helicobacter pylori infection. A two-tailed p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The prevalence of detection of Helicobacter pylori was 37.1% (63/170) using immunohistochemistry compared to 32.4% (55/170) using histology. Peptic ulcer disease, the absence of gastric cancer, and chronic gastritis were the predictors of Helicobacter pylori infection in our study (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.06-0.70, p = 0.011, AOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.02-10.29, p = 0.047, AOR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12-0.87, p = 0.025, respectively). CONCLUSION In this study, Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with the presence of peptic ulcer disease, chronic gastritis, and the absence of gastric cancer. The rate of detection of Helicobacter pylori infection was higher in tissue blocks of elderly patients than in those of young patients. Also, gastric cancer was more prevalent in old female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advera I Ngaiza
- Department of Pathology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania.
| | - James J Yahaya
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences (CHS), The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Angela K Mwakimonga
- Department of Pathology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania
| | - Edda Vuhahula
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania
| | - Leah Mnango
- Department of Pathology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania
| | - Amos R Mwakigonja
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania
| | - Gerald J Kawishe
- Department of Molecular Biology and biotechnology, University of Dar-es-salaam, Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania
| | - Dianna Ng
- Department of Pathology, University of California, USA
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Yektaseresht A, Hemati Z, Khorsand AA, Virsingh S. Indigenous production, characterization and evaluation of polyclonal antibody against Camelus dromedarius immunoglobulin. Vet Res Forum 2022; 13:603-606. [PMID: 36686877 PMCID: PMC9840807 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2021.137670.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
No diagnostic kits and reagents are available in the market to detect and evaluate camel immune responses to different pathogens. This study aimed to produce sheep anti-camel (Camelus dromedarius) polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and to determine the specificity with other species immunoglobulin. Immunoglobulins (Igs) from camel serum samples were purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation (40.00% saturated ammonium sulfate). Purity of the camel Igs was tested by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. PAbs against (Camelus dromedarius) immunoglobulins were generated by immunizing sheep with purified Igs. Anti- camel Ig polyclonal antibodies titer and specificity were determined using ELISA and Western blot techniques. Polyclonal antibodies specific to camel Igs were significantly high in immunized sheep which confirmed the immunization procedure. PAbs reacted specifically with camel serum immunoglobulin and did not react with other species immunoglobulin of horse and chickens. Polyclonal antibodies produced in this study can be regarded as a valuable tool to be used for immune-diagnostic purposes in camel population world-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Yektaseresht
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran; ,Correspondence Azadeh Yektaseresht. DVM, PhD Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran E-mail:
| | - Zahra Hemati
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran;
| | | | - Shoor Virsingh
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Gu Y, Guo X, Liu P, Li G, Huang C, Guo F, Hu G, Wu C, Xu Z, Yang X, Liu P. Preparation of ribosomal protein S14 polyclonal antibody in broiler pulmonary artery: Its application in broiler ascites syndrome. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:328-36. [PMID: 34699893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
RPS14 (ribosomal protein S14) gene maintains the normal physiological activities of the body by regulating the biosynthesis of ribosomes and the translation of important proteins. This study aims to explore the potential role of RPS14 in broiler ascites syndrome (BAS). We successfully prepared polyclonal antibody against RPS14 and studied the localization and expression of RPS14 protein in a variety of animal key tissues. In this experiment, the recombinant expression plasmid PET28a-RPS14 was constructed using the prokaryotic expression technology of foreign genes. Under the conditions of IPTG induction, a His-RPS14 protein with a molecular weight of about 22 kDa was expressed, and the purified recombinant protein was used as an antigen to prepare rabbit anti-chicken serum. Western blot results showed that the serum could specifically identify RPS14 protein in important tissues of broilers. Immunofluorescence combined with homology analysis showed that the antiserum had significant species specificity. Compared with other species, the expression of this protein in key tissues of broilers and ducks was more significant. More importantly, western blotting and immunofluorescence showed that BAS significantly reduced the expression level of RPS14. This further indicated that RPS14 protein can be used as one of the important entry points for BAS research.
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Nie M, Feng B, Liu C, Tu Y, Chen X, Wu F. Production and characterization of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies of lamprey pore-forming protein. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 190:106008. [PMID: 34744017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.106008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the most primitive jawless vertebrate lamprey, the complement-dependent cytotoxicity regulated by variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) plays an important role in the adaptive immunity. Our previous studies have shown that the lamprey pore-forming protein (LPFP) acted as the terminal effector of VLR to lyse and kill the target cells. Here, the recombinant GST-LPFP protein was expressed and purified in prokaryotic expression system, and then used as the immunogen to produce mouse monoclonal antibody and rabbit polyclonal antibody. With these antibodies, we proved that LPFP existed as homodimers in the lamprey serum, and could be recruited to the membrane of target cells after stimulation. In conclusion, the antibodies we produced could specifically recognize the LPFP protein, which could be the useful tools to further study the pore-forming mechanism of LPFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Nie
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijun Tu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fenfang Wu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Zhu J, Chen L, Zheng Q, Han R, Chen X, Zhou Q, Cheng H. Immunohistochemical Detection of Human Papillomavirus 16 E7 Oncoprotein in Cervical Lesions. J Cancer 2021; 12:7130-7137. [PMID: 34729114 PMCID: PMC8558648 DOI: 10.7150/jca.60554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost all cervical cancer is associated with persistent infection of high-risk (hr) human papillomavirus (HPV) like HPV16. The E7 oncoprotein encoded by hrHPV plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to establish a reliable protocol of immunohistochemistry stains to detect HPV16 E7 protein in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of various cervical lesions. Firstly, the HPV16 E7 gene was inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T2. Then the recombinant plasmid pGEX-4T2-(HPV16-E7) was transformed into Escherichia coli JM109. The fusion protein containing a GST tag was purified, and New Zealand white rabbits were immunized to produce the HPV16 E7 polyclonal antibody. The anti-HPV16 E7 antibody was verified by western blotting and immunofluorescence stains, and applied in 182 HPV16 DNA-positive cervical tissue specimens and matched 36 HPV DNA-negative specimens by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, A positive correlation between HPV16 E7 protein expression and malignancy grade was observed. But there is no relationship between HPV16 E7 protein expression and tumor sizes, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, or lymphovascular space invasion in cervical cancer. These findings provide a basis for further research focusing on the role of HPV E7 protein in various HPV-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lingjing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiaoli Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ghotloo S, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Amiri MM, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Shokri F. Neutralization of tetanus toxin by a novel chimeric monoclonal antibody. Toxicon 2021; 201:27-36. [PMID: 34411590 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tetanus is a life-threatening disease characterized by muscle spasm caused by neurotoxin of Clostridium tetani. Given the current passive immunotherapy of tetanus with human anti-toxin polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) and the limitations of such preparations, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), especially chimeric or human antibodies with reduced immunogenicity might be considered as an alternative source. METHODS A mouse-human chimeric MAb, designated c-1F2C2, was generated and its binding specificities to various recombinant fragments of tetanus toxin, generated in E. coli, were determined. In vivo toxin neutralizing activity of c-1F2C2 was evaluated and compared with that of a commercially available human anti-toxin PAb in a mouse model. The possible mechanisms of toxin neutralizing activity of c-1F2C2 were investigated by assessing its inhibitory effects on toxin receptors binding, including GT1b ganglioside receptor and those expressed on PC12 cells. RESULTS In vivo neutralizing assay showed that c-1F2C2 was able to protect mice against tetanus toxin with an estimated potency of 7.7 IU/mg comparing with 1.9 IU/mg of the commercial human anti-toxin PAb for 10 MLD toxin and 10 IU/mg versus 1.9 IU/mg of the PAb for 2.5 MLD toxin. c-1F2C2 recognized fragment C of the toxin, which is responsible for binding of the toxin to its receptor on neuronal cells. Accordingly, the chimeric MAb partially prevented the toxin from binding to its receptors on PC12 cells (37% inhibition). CONCLUSION The chimeric MAb c-1F2C2 displayed similar structural and functional characteristics compared to its murine counterpart and might be useful for passive immunotherapy of tetanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ghotloo
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Kumar R, Pant RP, Kapoor S, Khar A, Baranwal VK. Development of polyclonal antibodies using bacterially expressed recombinant coat protein for the detection of Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and identification of virus free onion genotypes. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:388. [PMID: 34458058 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) belonging to the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, is one of the widely distributed viruses of Allium species worldwide. It causes dwarfing, yellow striping, crinkling and flaccidity of the leaves of onion and garlic. To see the occurrence and incidence of OYDV on Allium crop, an attempt was made to develop antibody based diagnostic assay which would be useful for routine indexing and screening of the germplasm. The total RNA was isolated from the symptomatic leaves of onion and the gene encoding coat protein (CP) was cloned. The nucleotide sequencing analysis of the cloned RT-PCR product revealed ~ 774 bp amplicon (OYDV CP) and it was further cloned in pET-28a ( +) expression vector which yielded ~ 30 kDa fusion protein with Histidine tag (His6BP). The expression of fusion CP was primarily checked on SDS-PAGE and further confirmed by Western blot. The His6BP-OYDV-CP was obtained in soluble state after purification and was used to immunize New Zealand white rabbit for the production of polyclonal antibody (PAb). The produced PAb against the purified fusion protein successfully detected OYDV from onion and garlic samples at 1:2000 dilutions in indirect-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). Thus, this study presents first report that Histidine tag (His6BP) fusion OYDV-CP based antibody production and its successful application in identification of virus free onion and garlic genotypes.
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Liu M, Sang Y, Zhang J, Li J, Yu W, Zhang F, Wang X. Development of a Broad-Specific Competitive ELISA for First-Generation Cephalosporin Antibiotics in Animal-Derived Foods Samples. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 107:215-220. [PMID: 32472212 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The abuse of antibiotics, such as the cephalosporins in livestock and aquaculture productions, usually causes the widespread antibiotic resistance due to their growth-promoting effects. In this study, cephalexin was chosen as the hapten molecule to prepare a broad-spectrum rabbit polyclonal antibody for cephalosporin antibiotics. The obtained antibody exhibited broad cross-reactivity ranging from 0.05% to 100% with 10 cephalosporins. Based on this antibody, we developed a broad-specific indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) for cefalexin, cefradine, cefadroxil and cefazolin with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 0.72 to 2.99 ng/mL in working buffer. For animal-derived food samples with spiked cephalosporins, the ic-ELISA exhibited an excellent recovery ranging from 72.3% to 95.6%. To verify the accuracy of this proposed ic-ELISA, its detection performance was evaluated utilizing the high-performance liquid chromatography with satisfactory results. This study confirmed that: firstly, the prepared antibody can be used as a class-specific recognition element to develop immunoassays for cephalosporin antibiotics; and secondly, the developed ic-ELISA provided a new tool for broad-spectrum detection of first-generation cephalosporins in animal-derived foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Wenlong Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Fuyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xianghong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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Song J, Wang K, Ma B, Wang J, Zhang W. Preparation of rabbit polyclonal antibody against porcine gasdermin D protein and determination of the expression of gasdermin D in cultured cells and porcine tissues. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 187:105945. [PMID: 34302969 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gasdermin-D (GSDMD) is a member of the gasdermin (Gsdm) protein family, and its cleavage by inflammatory cysteine proteases (caspases, CASPs) is a critical event in cell pyroptosis. The role and functions of GSDMD on mice and humans are widely studied, but its expression, structure, and function in other species are less known. In the present work, rabbit anti-porcine GSDMD (pGSDMD) polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing New Zealand white rabbits with prokaryotic expressed recombinant pGSDMD (rpGSDMD). The prepared polyclonal antibody showed good specificity in Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assays. Western blot results showed that the polyclonal antibody could recognize overexpressed pGSDMD in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) and endogenously expressed pGSDMD in cultured intestinal porcine enterocytes (IPEC-J2) and porcine kidney cells (PK-15). Western blot also revealed that pGSDMD was expressed in the heart, liver, lung, kidney, gallbladder, and jejunum of pigs. HEK293T cells overexpressing GSDMD showed green fluorescence in the IIF assay only after being treated with 0.3% Triton-X 100, which indicated that the full-length pGSDMD was located in the plasma but not on the cell membrane. This work provides a useful tool and basic information for further studies on pGSDMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, PR China
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, PR China
| | - Bo Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, PR China
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, PR China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, PR China.
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Yang H, He Q, Eremin SA, Pan J, Zou Y, Cui X, Zhao S. Fluorescence polarization immunoassay for rapid determination of dehydroepiandrosterone in human urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4459-4469. [PMID: 34137913 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, five fluorescein-labeled dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) derivatives (tracers) with different chain lengths between the fluorescein and hapten were synthesized and featured so as to establish a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for DHEA detection in human urine samples with previously prepared polyclonal antibody against DHEA. The outcomes of the structure of tracer on FPIA sensitivity were investigated. Under the optimal condition, the fluorescence polarization value (FP) decreases linearly in DHEA concentration, ranging from 1.6 to 243.3 ng mL-1, with the limit of detection of 1.1 ng mL-1 and IC50 value of 25.1 ng mL-1. Moreover, the developed FPIA was time-saving as it could complete the detection within 3 min. FPIA and commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit were both applied to analyze the spiked human urine samples with DHEA. Excellent recoveries (92.1-108.0%) and satisfactory correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.98) were acquired with the two methods, indicating that the developed FPIA was a fast and efficient screening immunoassay with accuracy and sensitivity for DHEA detection in human urine samples. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sergei A Eremin
- Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Junkang Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikui Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiping Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suqing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Leya T, Ahmad I, Valappil RK, Kurcheti PP, Tripathi G, Sharma R, Bedekar MK. Development of species-specific IgM antibodies and elevation of mucosal immune response in Labeo rohita using recombinant bicistronic nano DNA vaccine priming. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 113:185-195. [PMID: 33857623 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (IgM) is the primary immunoglobulin essential for defense mechanisms in fish. It is difficult to reliably quantify IgM because a lack of standardization in methodology and limited availability of commercially reagents. In the present study, a polyclonal antibody was developed for the specific detection and quantification of IgM in Labeo rohita. Recombinant bicistronic NanoDNA plasmid (RBND Vac) encoding the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of Edwarsiella tarda conjugated with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) - Chitosan (PLGA-Chit) was developed and its potential as a DNA vaccine, to prevent the infection of E. tarda in L. rohita was investigated. Two treatment groups [T1 - (PLGA-Chit-NPs-pDNA), T2 - (PLGA-NPs-pDNA) and one control group (T0 - 1 × PBS)] were utilized. Polyclonal antibody was developed to estimate IgM titers in the serum and mucosal associated tissues (MAT) using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Additionally, immune gene expression was studied using qRT-PCR. Vaccinated groups also exhibited a significant increase in the total serum protein, globulin concentration and relatively less mortality was observed in T1 group. IgM level in serum and mucosal tissues (skin, gill and gut) increased significantly days post vaccination compared to control group, also non-specific immune parameters (myeloperoxidase and lysozyme levels) showed significant improvement in vaccinated fish. Furthermore, histopathological examination confirmed minor damage in physiological structure of kidney and liver tissues in vaccinated fish. Knowledge of the immunoglobulin in L. rohita primed with RBND Vac complex provides the better protection against E. tarda. The normal physiology findings of this study will aid in monitoring changes in the health status of fish, when the animals undergo vaccination by immersion method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasok Leya
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India; College of Fisheries Science, Birsa Agricultural University, Gumla, Ranchi, 834006, India
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- College of Fisheries Science, Birsa Agricultural University, Gumla, Ranchi, 834006, India
| | | | | | - Gayatri Tripathi
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
| | - Rupam Sharma
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India
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Wang Y, Han C, Zhou R, Zhu J, Zhang F, Li J, Luo Q, Du J, Chu D, Cai Y, Shen J, Yu L. Differential expression of TgMIC1 in isolates of Chinese 1 Toxoplasma with different virulence. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:253. [PMID: 33985552 PMCID: PMC8117571 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The predominant genotype of Toxoplasma in China is the Chinese 1 (ToxoDB#9) lineage. TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 are two representative strains of Chinese 1, exhibiting high and low virulence to mice, respectively. Little is known regarding the virulence mechanism of this non-classical genotype. Our previous RNA sequencing data revealed differential mRNA levels of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6. We aim to further confirm the differential expression of TgMIC1 and its significance in this atypical genotype. METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR was used to verify the RNA sequencing data; then, polyclonal antibodies against TgMIC1 were prepared and identified. Moreover, the invasion and proliferation of the parasite in HFF cells were observed after treatment with TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody or not. RESULTS The data showed that the protein level of TgMIC1 was significantly higher in high-virulence strain TgCtwh3 than in low-virulence strain TgCtwh6 and that the invasion and proliferation of TgCtwh3 were inhibited by TgMIC1 polyclonal antibody. CONCLUSION Differential expression of TgMIC1 in TgCtwh3 and TgCtwh6 may explain, at least partly, the virulence mechanism of this atypical genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjian Han
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,The Clinical Laboratory of the Third People's Hospital of Heifei, Hefei, China
| | - Rongsheng Zhou
- The Clinical Laboratory of the Third People's Hospital of Heifei, Hefei, China
| | - Jinjin Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Famin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,The Clinical Laboratory of the Third People's Hospital of Heifei, Hefei, China
| | - Qingli Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Du
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Deyong Chu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihong Cai
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jilong Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology; Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
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Tao X, Wang X, Yuan Y, Zhao W, Yu K, Liu N, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Jin X, Shen Y, Zhao H, Li Y, Tong W. Preparation of a polyclonal antibody against the non-structural protein, NSs of SFTSV. Protein Expr Purif 2021; 184:105892. [PMID: 33895264 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is newly discovered virus which is the member of the order Bunyavirales, family phenuiviridae, phlebovirus genus. Its genome is composed of 3 segments of negative-sense RNA L, M and S. NSs is a non structure protein encoded by S segment which is important for viral replication and virulence. NSs protein of SFTSV is only involved in the regulation of host innate immune responses and suppression of IFN-promoter activities. So, the exact functions of this protein need to be studied deeply. To understand the exact role of NSs from SFTSV in viral replication and host immune response, a qualified antibody against this protein is required. In this study, NSs gene of SFTSV, was cloned into a bacterial expression vector (pGEX-6P-1) and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The SFTSV NSs fusion protein was purified using Glutathione Sepharose 4B and utilized as an antigen to immunize rabbits and obtain an anti-SFTSV NSs polyclonal antibody. Proper expression of the fusion protein and polyclonal antibody specificity were confirmed by western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses. The polyclonal antibody recognized NSs from SFTSV specifically. This is the first report that NSs can form viroplasm-like structures not only in infected cells but also in transfected cells with NSs plasmids. This polyclonal antibody will be useful for future studies of NSs functions.
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Chen W, Shi Y, Li G, Huang C, Zhuang Y, Shu B, Cao X, Li Z, Hu G, Liu P, Guo X. Preparation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α polyclonal antibody: Its application in fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:179-186. [PMID: 33838185 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) play a key role in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, cellular growth, and differentiation. To further explore the potential role of PPARα in the energy homeostasis of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS), we reported the prokaryotic expression and purification of chicken PPARα subunit protein, and successfully prepared a polyclonal antibody against PPARα recombinant protein. The 987 bp PPARα subunit genes were cloned into the pEASY-T3 clone vector. Then the plasmid PCR products encoding 329 amino acids were ligated to pEASY-Blunt E2 vector and transformed into BL21 to induce expression. The recombinant PPARα subunit protein, containing His-tag, was purified by affinity column chromatography using Ni-NTA affinity column. Rabbit antiserum was generated by using the concentration of recombinant PPARα subunit protein as the antigen. The results of western blotting showed that the antiserum can specifically recognize chicken endogenous PPARα protein. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence showed that the PPARα mainly existed in the nucleus of hepatocytes, renal epithelial cells and hypothalamic endocrine nerve cells. More importantly, western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR indicated that FLHS significantly decreased the expression of PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guyue Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yu Zhuang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Shu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xianhong Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhengqing Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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Pan G, Zhang K, Li C, Hu X, Kausar S, Gu H, Yang L, Cui H. A hemocyte-specific cathepsin L-like cysteine protease is involved in response to 20-hydroxyecdysone and microbial pathogens stimulation in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Mol Immunol 2020; 131:78-88. [PMID: 33376000 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin L protease belongs to the papain-like cysteine proteases family, plays indispensable roles in animals' pathological and physiological processes. However, little is known about Cathepsin L in silkworm, Bombyx mori. Herein, a novel Cathepsin L-like (Cat L-like) was cloned and identified from silkworm by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Cat L-like contains an intact open reading frame (ORF) of 1 668 bp and encodes 556 amino acid residues, consisting of a signal peptide, typical cathepsins' inhibitor_I29, and pept_C1 domain. Cat L-like is specifically and highly expressed in hemocytes. The cathepsin (including Cathepsin L, B, and H) crude extract from hemocytes had typical substrate specific catalytic activities and were sensitive to pH and temperature. Cat L-like up-regulated considerably after 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) administration, indicating that Cat L-like may be regulated by insect hormone. The responses of Cat L-like against bacterial infection suggest it may play essential roles in silkworm immunity. Overall, our studies provide a theoretical basis and insights to further investigate the functions of Cat L-like and in insects' innate immunity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Chongyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing 400716, China; Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Ramezani A, Rasaee MJ, Jalaeefar A, Salmanian AH. Efficient detection of eukaryotic calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) by polyclonal antibody against prokaryotic expressed truncated CaSR. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7723-7734. [PMID: 33001312 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), which is better known for its action as regulating calcium homeostasis, can bind various ligands. To facilitate research on CaSR and understand the receptor's function further, an in silico designed truncated protein was developed. The resulting protein folding indicated that 99% of predicted three dimensional (3D) structure residues are located in favored and allowed Ramachandran plots. However, it was found that such protein does not fold properly when expressed in prokaryotic host cells. Thioredoxin (Trx) tag was conjugated to increase the final protein's solubility, which could help obtain the soluble antigen with better immunogenic properties. The truncated recombinant proteins were expressed and purified in two forms (Trx-CaSR: RR19 and CaSR: RRJ19). The polyclonal antibody was induced by the rabbit immunization with the form of RR19. Western blot on mouse kidney lysates evidenced the proper immune recognition of the receptor by the produced antibody. The specificity and sensitivity of antibodies were also assayed by immunohistofluorescence. These experiments affirmed antibody's ability to indicate the receptor on the cell surface in native form and the possibility of applying such antibodies in further cellular and tissue assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghdas Ramezani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, PO Box 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Rasaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, PO Box 14115-331, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirmohsen Jalaeefar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hatef Salmanian
- Departments of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Smekenov I, Alybayev S, Ayupov T, Rakhmatullaeva G, Bissenbaev A. A polyclonal antibody against a recombinantly expressed Triticum aestivum RHT-D1A protein. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:52. [PMID: 32936364 PMCID: PMC7494718 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Reduced height-1 dwarfing alleles affect DELLA proteins belonging to a family of putative transcriptional regulators that modulate plant growth and development. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes five DELLA proteins, whereas monocot plants, such as rice, barley, and wheat, each have a single DELLA protein. In wheat, wild-type Rht-B1a and Rht-D1a genes encode DELLA proteins and have many alleles that contain lesions. Among them, Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b are the most common mutant dwarfing alleles, which have played a key part in the creation of high-yielding wheat varieties. Despite their fundamental roles in plant biology, until now, DELLA proteins in wheat have been mainly researched regarding the phenotypic effect of defective Rht mutants on yield-related traits, without studies on the underlying mechanisms. The RHT-1 protein has yet to be detected in wheat tissues, owing to a lack of appropriate molecular tools for characterization of RHT function and protein interactions in signal transduction. This study is focused on the production of a polyclonal antibody to the wheat RHT-D1A protein. Results To generate the anti-RHT-D1A antibody, we expressed and purified soluble 6xHis-tagged RHT-D1A. The purified recombinant RHT-D1A was injected into New Zealand white rabbits to generate polyclonal antiserum. The polyclonal anti-RHT-D1A antibody was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by affinity chromatography on protein A–agarose beads. The purified polyclonal antibody was demonstrated to be effective in immunoblotting, western blot hybridization, and immunoprecipitation. In wheat seedling extracts, the polyclonal antibody recognized a protein with a molecular mass close to the predicted molecular weight of the endogenous RHT-D1A protein. We also demonstrated that RHT-D1A disappears in response to exogenous and endogenous gibberellic acid. Conclusion The purified polyclonal antibody raised against the recombinant RHT-D1A protein is sufficiently specific and sensitive and could be a useful tool for future insights into upstream and downstream components of DELLA-regulatory mechanisms in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izat Smekenov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040.,Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Sanzhar Alybayev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040.,Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Temurkhan Ayupov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040.,Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Guliza Rakhmatullaeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040.,Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040
| | - Amangeldy Bissenbaev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040. .,Scientific Research Institute of Biology and Biotechnology Problems, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040.
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Qu M, Wang W, Li W, Cao J, Wang C, Wu J, Yu B, Zhang H, Wu H, Yu X. Antibody development and property analysis of RhBST2 for accurate cell biological and viral research. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 175:105688. [PMID: 32681953 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BST2 is a single-pass type II transmembrane (TM) protein, which has a cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain, each domain is important for biologic function of BST2. BST2 is a host restriction factor that can effectively inhibit retrovirus release. Rhesus monkeys are considered as relevant natural animal models for studying AIDS in humans. In order to recognize rhesus BST2 (RhBST2) protein and detect its function accurately, we prepared a polyclonal antibody (pAb) especially for RhBST2. Meanwhile, we constructed RhBST2 proteins with the addition of an HA-tag at the N-terminus (RhBST2-NHA) or inside of the ectodomain (RhBST2-IHA) to compare the recognition ability of rabbit anti-RhBST2 pAb and anti-HA mAb. The results showed that the anti-HA mAb and rabbit anti-RhBST2 pAb had the same ability to identify RhBST2. RhBST2 demonstrated antiviral activity and the ability to activate NF-κB. Moreover, the N-glycosylation states, cell surface level and intracellular localization of RhBST2 were detected. However, HA tags relatively changed part of the biological function of RhBST2. These results show that the RhBST2 polyclonal antibody is more suitable for analyzing the properties and functions of RhBST2, and the natural domain of RhBST2 is very important for its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiran Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiting Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Ahmed A, Deshmukh S, Banga HS, Sodhi S, Brar RS. Assessment of antigenic specificity of polyclonal antisera raised against Avibacterium paragallinarum by ELISA. Vet Anim Sci 2020; 9:100119. [PMID: 32734120 PMCID: PMC7386657 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2020.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of availability of commercial antibodies against whole-cell antigen or an antigenic epitope of Avibacterium paragallinarum (Av. paragallinarum) has hindered the development of novel immunoassays for the diagnose infectious coryza (IC). In this study, we raised polyclonal antisera against Av. paragallinarum and evaluated its antigenic-specificity using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We standardized antigen coating concentration(s), antibody detection limit, and optimal range of dilutions of primary antisera and secondary conjugated antibody. Our results show the development of antigen-specific antibody response in rabbits following repeated antigenic exposure with 0.5% formalinized antigen over a period of four weeks. Further, we showed its possible applicability in detection of pathogens in tissues by immunohistochemistry for confirmatory disease diagnosis and disease pathogenetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaz Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sidhartha Deshmukh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Harmanjit Singh Banga
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sandeep Sodhi
- Department of Dairy Chemistry, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Rajinder Singh Brar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Amrani ME, Admiraal R, Willaert L, Ebskamp-van Raaij LJC, Lacna AM, Hack CE, Huitema ADR, Nierkens S, van Maarseveen EM. Quantification of T Cell Binding Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-thymocyte Globulin in Human Plasma with Liquid Chromatography Tandem-Mass Spectrometry. AAPS J 2020; 22:43. [PMID: 32030538 PMCID: PMC7005072 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-0419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin (ATG) to the conditioning regimen prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation has significantly reduced the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and graft failure. However, ATG has a small therapeutic window. Overexposure of ATG post-HCT hampers T cell immune reconstitution and has been associated with increased relapse rates and viral reactivations, whereas underexposure has been associated with an increased incidence of GvHD, both of which lead to increased mortality. Therapeutic drug monitoring of T cell binding ATG plasma levels provides a means to optimize dosing for patients at high risk for graft failure to ensure timely T cell immune reconstitution and subsequently increase survival chances. This manuscript describes the first liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to quantify the pharmacologically active fraction of polyclonal ATG in plasma. This was achieved through immunoaffinity purification of active ATG from plasma with Jurkat T cells. After the binding and washing, samples were eluted, denatured, and trypsin-digested. Signature peptides originating from the IgG constant chain were measured with LC-MS/MS. Critical method parameters were optimized, and the method was successfully validated following European Medicines Agency (EMA) guidelines. The method covered the therapeutic range of ATG and was validated at a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 1 AU/mL with an overall CV and bias of 11.8% and - 2.5%, respectively. In conclusion, we developed a LC-MS/MS-based method to quantify active polyclonal rabbit ATG in human plasma. We suggest that this novel assay can be used to monitor and optimize dosing of ATG in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin El Amrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Room no. D.00.318A, Internal post no. D.00.204, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Admiraal
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lobke Willaert
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Room no. D.00.318A, Internal post no. D.00.204, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lysette J C Ebskamp-van Raaij
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Amelia M Lacna
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Erik Hack
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Room no. D.00.318A, Internal post no. D.00.204, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik M van Maarseveen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, Room no. D.00.318A, Internal post no. D.00.204, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Farías ME, Marani MM, Ramírez D, Niebylski AM, Correa NM, Molina PG. Polyclonal antibody production anti Pc_312-324 peptide. Its potential use in electrochemical immunosensors for transgenic soybean detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 131:107397. [PMID: 31706117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new polyclonal antibody that recognizes the CP4 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4-EPSPS), which provides resistance to glyphosate in soybean (Roundup Ready®, RR soybean), was produced. New Zealand rabbits were injected with a synthetic peptide (Pc_312-324, (PEP)) present in the soybean CP4-EPSPS protein. The anti-PEP antibodies production was evaluated by electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed in order to study their specificity. The ELISA showed that the polyclonal antibody was specific to PEP. In addition, the anti- PEP was immobilized onto a gold disk electrode and the antigen-antibody interaction was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Moreover, the EIS showed that the electron transfer resistance of the modified electrode increased after incubation with solutions containing CP4-EPSPS protein from RR transgenic soybean, while no changes were detected after incubation with no-RR soybean proteins. These results suggest that the CP4-EPSPS was immobilized onto the electrode, due to the specific interaction with the anti-PEP. These results show that this antigen-antibody interaction can be detected by electrochemical techniques, suggesting that the anti-PEP produced can be used in electrochemical immunosensors development to quantify transgenic soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos E Farías
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Fco-Qcas. y Naturales, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina; Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), UNRC-CONICET, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Mariela M Marani
- Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de Ecosistemas Continentales (IPEEC), CONICET, CP U9120ACD Puerto Madryn, Argentina
| | - Darío Ramírez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis (IMIBIO-SL), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Fac. de Quím., Bioquím. y Farmacia, C.P. 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ana M Niebylski
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Fac. de Cs. Exactas, Fco-Qcas. y Naturales, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS) UNRC-CONICET, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - N Mariano Correa
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), UNRC-CONICET, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Patricia G Molina
- Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), UNRC-CONICET, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Agencia Postal # 3, C.P. X5804BYA Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Mansouri-Fard S, Ghaedi M, Shokri MR, Bahadori T, Khoshnoodi J, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Amiri MM, Shokri F. Inhibitory Effect of Polyclonal Antibodies Against HER3 Extracellular Subdomains on Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:439-447. [PMID: 32102522 PMCID: PMC7332115 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.2.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is a unique member of the tyrosine kinase receptors with an inactive kinase domain and is the preferable dimerization partner for HER2 which lead to potent tumorigenic signaling. Methods: In this study, the expression plasmids coding for the human HER3 subdomains were transfected into CHO-K1 cells. Produced proteins were characterized by ELISA and SDS-PAGE. Rabbits were immunized and produced polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) that were characterized by ELISA, Immunoblotting and flowcytometry and their inhibitory effects were assessed by XTT on BT-474 and JIMT-1 breast cancer cell lines. Result: The recombinant subdomains were highly immunogenic in rabbits. The pAbs reacted with the recombinant subdomains as well as commercial HER3 and the native receptor on tumor cell membranes and could significantly inhibit growth of Trastuzumab sensitive (BT-474) and resistant (JIMT-1) breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Conclusion: It seems that HER3 extra cellular domains (ECD) induce a strong anti-tumor antibody response and may prove to be potentially useful for immunotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mansouri-Fard
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Ghaedi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Bahadori
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Khoshnoodi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Esparvarinha M, Nickho H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Abdolalizadeh J, Nasiri H, Valedkarimi Z, Majidi J. Development and characterization of polyclonal antibody against human kappa light chain in rabbit. Vet Res Forum 2019; 10:207-211. [PMID: 31737229 PMCID: PMC6828161 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.81414.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies against kappa light chain are used to diagnose diseases producing free light chain. The kappa and lambda light chains are products of immunoglobulin synthesis and released into the circulation in minor amounts such as serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and synovial fluid in normal condition. The purpose of this study was the production and purification of polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) against human kappa light chains. In this study, early human IgG was purified by ion-exchange chromatography, reduced with Dithiothreitol and heavy and light chains were separated with size-exclusion chromatography. Afterward, affinity chromatography with protein L Sepharose at pH 2.00 was displayed to be a dominant condition for the separation and purification of the kappa light chain of immunoglobulins from human serum. Eventually, the rabbit was immunized by human kappa light chains. The rabbit IgG was purified and labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was planned to determine the titer of HRP conjugated rabbit IgG against the human kappa light chain. The optimum titer of anti-kappa IgG was 1:16000. At the result, purified polyclonal anti-kappa is useful tool in biomedical and biochemical researches and diagnostic kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Esparvarinha
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Nickho
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Abdolalizadeh
- Immunology Laboratory, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Nasiri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Valedkarimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Huang SX, Zhang ZH, Liu W, Tao H, Zhang Y, Shi NX, Zhu F, Ji ZL, Chen XR. Expression of the small cysteine-rich protein SCR96 from Phytophthora cactorum in mammalian cells: phytotoxicity and exploitation of its polyclonal antibody. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:125-33. [PMID: 31720976 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the expression of a novel small cysteine-rich (SCR) effector protein SCR96 from the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora cactorum in mammalian cells, its bioactivity and to exploit its polyclonal antibody. RESULTS The gene encoding the SCR effector protein SCR96 was codon-optimized, custom-synthesized, cloned into pcDNA3.1(-) and overexpressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293-6E cells. The recombinant protein SCR96 was prone to aggregation and purified with its monomer to homogeneity with a predicted molecular weight of 8.9 kDa. SCR96 exhibited strong phytotoxic activity on tomato seedlings at 24 h post treatment with 4.2 μg of the purified protein. An anti-SCR96 polyclonal antibody was prepared by immunization of New Zealand white rabbits. The good-titer antibody had a detection sensitivity at 6.25-ng level and could specifically detect the SCR96 protein expressed either in yeast, or in tomato leaves. CONCLUSIONS Transient production of the SCR effector protein SCR96 in mammalian cells is reliable, providing sufficient recombinant protein that can be utilized for analysis of its phytotoxic activity and preparation of its polyclonal antibody.
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