1
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Dongrui Z, Miyamoto M, Yokoo H, Demizu Y. Innovative peptide architectures: advancements in foldamers and stapled peptides for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2024; 19:699-723. [PMID: 38753534 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2024.2350568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptide foldamers play a critical role in pharmaceutical research and biomedical applications. This review highlights recent (post-2020) advancements in novel foldamers, synthetic techniques, and their applications in pharmaceutical research. AREAS COVERED The authors summarize the structures and applications of peptide foldamers such as α, β, γ-peptides, hydrocarbon-stapled peptides, urea-type foldamers, sulfonic-γ-amino acid foldamers, aromatic foldamers, and peptoids, which tackle the challenges of traditional peptide drugs. Regarding antimicrobial use, foldamers have shown progress in their potential against drug-resistant bacteria. In drug development, peptide foldamers have been used as drug delivery systems (DDS) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION These structures exhibit resistance to enzymatic degradation, are promising for therapeutic delivery, and disrupt crucial PPIs associated with diseases such as cancer with specificity, versatility, and stability, which are useful therapeutic properties. However, the complexity and cost of their synthesis, along with the necessity for thorough safety and efficacy assessments, necessitate extensive research and cross-sector collaboration. Advances in synthesis methods, computational modeling, and targeted delivery systems are essential for fully realizing the therapeutic potential of foldamers and integrating them into mainstream medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Dongrui
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Maho Miyamoto
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Yokoo
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Demizu
- Division of Organic Chemistry, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Science of Okayama University, Kita, Japan
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2
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Seo N, Son H, Kim Y, Guzei IA, Kang P, Choi SH. Exploring a β-Amino Acid with a Seven-Membered Ring Constraint as a Foldamer Building Block for Nontraditional Helices. Org Lett 2023; 25:7497-7501. [PMID: 37800878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
We explored trans- and cis-2-aminocycloheptanecarboxylic acid (ACHpC) as potential building blocks for helical foldamers. trans-ACHpC does not show sufficient folding propensity in unnatural peptides. cis-ACHpC promotes nontraditional helices of two unnatural peptide backbones: the 11/9-helix for 1:1 α/β-peptides and the 12/10-helix for β-peptides with interconvertible handedness. The two opposite-handed 12/10-helices rapidly interconvert in solution by pseudorotation of the two twist chair forms of the cycloheptane moiety in each cis-ACHpC residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyang Son
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Choi S, Shim J, Kang P, Choi SH. Effect of a cis-4-aminopiperidine-3-carboxylic acid ( cis-APiC) residue on mixed-helical folding of unnatural peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:613-618. [PMID: 34951620 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The α/β-peptide 11/9-helix and the β-peptide 12/10-helix belong to "mixed" helices, in which two types of hydrogen bonds with opposite directionality alternate along the helical axis. cis-2-Aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (cis-ACHC) is known to promote these mixed helices and stabilize the helical propensity more than other acyclic β-residues. Application of a mixed-helical backbone still requires sufficient solubility in aqueous solution. In this regard, we chose cis-4-aminopiperidine-3-carboxylic acid (cis-APiC) as a foldamer building block that can provide both sufficient aqueous solubility and mixed-helical propensity. Conformational analyses of α/β- and β-peptides containing a cis-APiC residue by circular dichroism spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray crystallography suggest that the incorporation of cis-APiC instead of cis-ACHC can enhance the aqueous solubility of the mixed-helical peptides without any adverse effect on helical folding. In addition, the ratio between right- and left-handed 12/10-helices of β-peptides can be rationalized by relative energies between the local conformations of the cis-APiC residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunglim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihyun Shim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Choi S, Choi SH. Synthesis and conformational analysis of an
anti
‐β
2,
3
‐amino
acid as a building block for unnatural peptide helices. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunglim Choi
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul Korea
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5
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Yoon H, Lee J, Kang P, Choi SH. Promotion of 11/9‐helical folding in α/β‐peptides containing β
2
‐homoalanine residue. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyerim Yoon
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul South Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul South Korea
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul South Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry Yonsei University Seoul South Korea
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6
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Abstract
A fundamental challenge in materials science is to understand the atomic-level structures of nanoarchitectures assembled from synthetic polymers. Here, we report a family of sequence-defined polypeptoids that form free-floating crystalline 2-dimensional nanosheets, in which not only individual polymer chains and their relative orientations, but also atoms in nanosheets were directly observed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. These atomic details are inaccessible by conventional scattering techniques. Using the feedback between sequence-controlled synthesis and atomic imaging, we observed how the nanosheet structure responds to chemical modifications at the atomic-length scale. These atomic-level insights open the door to the design of bioinspired nanomaterials with more precisely controlled structures and properties. Rational design of supramolecular nanomaterials fundamentally depends upon an atomic-level understanding of their structure and how it responds to chemical modifications. Here we studied a series of crystalline diblock copolypeptoids by a combination of sequence-controlled synthesis, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and molecular dynamics simulation. This family of amphiphilic polypeptoids formed free-floating 2-dimensional monolayer nanosheets, in which individual polymer chains and their relative orientations could be directly observed. Furthermore, bromine atom side-chain substituents in nanosheets were directly visualized by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, revealing atomic details in position space inaccessible by conventional scattering techniques. While the polypeptoid backbone conformation was conserved across the set of molecules, the nanosheets exhibited different lattice packing geometries dependent on the aromatic side chain para substitutions. Peptoids are inherently achiral, yet we showed that sequences containing an asymmetric aromatic substitution pattern pack with alternating rows adopting opposite backbone chiralities. These atomic-level insights into peptoid nanosheet crystal structure provide guidance for the future design of bioinspired nanomaterials with more precisely controlled structures and properties.
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7
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Veeresh K, Gopi HN. Design of Helical Peptide Foldamers through α,β → β,γ Double-Bond Migration. Org Lett 2019; 21:4500-4504. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuruva Veeresh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Hosahudya N. Gopi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
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8
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Jang G, Lee M, Lee J, Shim J, Kang P, Choi MG, Choi SH. Cooperative Effect of the Two Hydrogen Bonding Types on 11/9-Helical Folding of α/β-Peptides. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geunhyuk Jang
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Mihye Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Jihyun Shim
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Moon-Gun Choi
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University; Seoul 03722 South Korea
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9
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Lee J, Shim J, Kang P, Choi MG, Choi SH. Side chain-specific 11/9-helix propensity of α/β-peptides with alternating residue types. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:433-438. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 11/9-helix propensity of α/β-peptides is dependent on a specific side chain group of α- or β3-residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Shim
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gun Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
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10
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Misra R, Raja KMP, Hofmann HJ, Gopi HN. Modulating the Structural Properties of α,γ-Hybrid Peptides by α-Amino Acid Residues: Uniform 12-Helix Versus "Mixed" 12/10-Helix. Chemistry 2017; 23:16644-16652. [PMID: 28922503 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The most important natural α- and 310 -helices are stabilized by unidirectional intramolecular hydrogen bonds along the helical cylinder. In contrast, we report here on 12/10-helical conformations with alternately changing hydrogen-bond directionality in sequences of α,γ-hybrid peptides P1-P5 [P1: Boc-Ala-Aic-Ala-Aic-COOH; P2: Boc-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-OEt; P3: Boc-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-Aib-OMe; P4: Boc-Ala-Aic-Ala-Aic-Ala-Aic-Ala-OMe; P5: Boc-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-Leu-Aic-Aib-OMe; Aic=4-aminoisocaproic acid, Aib=2-aminoisobutyric acid] composed of natural α-amino acids and the achiral γ4,4 -dimethyl substituted γ-amino acid Aic in solution and in single crystals. The helical conformations are stabilized by alternating i→i+3 and i→i-1 intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The experimental data are supported by ab initio MO calculations. Surprisingly, replacing the natural α-amino acids of the sequence by the achiral dialkyl amino acid Ac6 c [P6: Boc-Ac6 c-Aic-Ac6 c-Aic-Ac6 c-Aic-Ac6 c-Aic-Ac6 c-CONHMe; Ac6 c = 1-aminocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid] led to a 12-helix with unidirectional hydrogen bonds showing an entirely different backbone conformation. The results presented here emphasize the influence of the structure of the α-amino acid residues in dictating the helix types in α,γ-hybrid peptide foldamers and demonstrate the consequences for folding of small structural variations in the monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411 008, India
| | - K Muruga Poopathi Raja
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625 021, India
| | - Hans-Jörg Hofmann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Brüderstrasse 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hosahudya N Gopi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411 008, India
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11
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Wani NA, Raghothama S, Singh UP, Rai R. C 11 /C 9 Helical Folding in αβ Hybrid Peptides Containing 1-Amino-cyclohexane acetic acid (β 3, 3 -Ac 6 c). Chemistry 2017; 23:8364-8370. [PMID: 28440566 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the solid-state conformation of αβ hybrid peptides, Boc-Leu-β3, 3 -Ac6 c-OH, P1; Boc-Leu-β3, 3 -Ac6 c-Leu-β3, 3 -Ac6 c-OMe, P2; and Boc-Leu-β3, 3 -Ac6 c-Leu-β3, 3 -Ac6 c-Leu-OMe, P3. The dipeptide P1 adopts extended conformations, whereas tetrapeptide P2 and pentapeptide P3 favor a helical conformation stabilized by mixed types of C11 /C9 intramolecular hydrogen bonds. In peptide P3, the amino group of β3, 3 -Ac6 c(2) and β3, 3 -Ac6 c(4) residues occupies axial orientation, whereas in P2 it occupies axial and equatorial orientations for residues β3, 3 -Ac6 c(2) and β3, 3 -Ac6 c(4), respectively. The self-assembly of P3 forms channels filled with solvent molecules that present interesting patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiem Ahmad Wani
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001, India
| | | | - Umesh Prasad Singh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology 4, Raja, S.C., Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Rajkishor Rai
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi, 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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12
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Hu X, Dawson SJ, Mandal PK, de Hatten X, Baptiste B, Huc I. Optimizing side chains for crystal growth from water: a case study of aromatic amide foldamers. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3741-3749. [PMID: 28553532 PMCID: PMC5428020 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00430c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth of crystals of aromatic compounds from water much depends on the nature of the water solubilizing functions that they carry. Rationalizing crystallization from water, and structure elucidation, of aromatic molecular and supramolecular systems is of general value across various fields of chemistry. Taking helical aromatic foldamers as a test case, we have validated several short polar side chains as efficient substituents to provide both solubility in, and crystal growth ability from, water. New 8-amino-2-quinolinecarboxylic acids bearing charged or neutral aminomethyl, carboxymethyl, sulfonic acid, or bis(hydroxymethyl)-methoxy side chains in position 4 or 5, were prepared on a multi gram scale. Fmoc protection of the main chain amine and suitable protections of the side chains ensured compatibility with solid phase synthesis. One tetrameric and five octameric oligoamides displaying these side chains were synthesized and shown to be soluble in water. In all cases but one, crystals were obtained using the hanging drop method, thus validating the initial design principle to combine polarity and rigidity. The only case that resisted crystallization appeared to be due to exceedingly high water solubility endowed by eight sulfonic acid functions. The neutral side chain did provide crystal growth ability from water but contributed poorly to solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
| | - Simon J Dawson
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
| | - Pradeep K Mandal
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
| | - Xavier de Hatten
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
| | - Benoit Baptiste
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
| | - Ivan Huc
- Université de Bordeaux , CNRS , IPB , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 Rue Escarpit , 33600 Pessac , France .
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13
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Shin S, Lee M, Guzei IA, Kang YK, Choi SH. 12/10-Helical β-Peptide with Dynamic Folding Propensity: Coexistence of Right- and Left-Handed Helices in an Enantiomeric Foldamer. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13390-13395. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seonho Shin
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Mihye Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Young Kee Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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14
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Gopalakrishnan R, Frolov AI, Knerr L, Drury WJ, Valeur E. Therapeutic Potential of Foldamers: From Chemical Biology Tools To Drug Candidates? J Med Chem 2016; 59:9599-9621. [PMID: 27362955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, foldamers have progressively emerged as useful architectures to mimic secondary structures of proteins. Peptidic foldamers, consisting of various amino acid based backbones, have been the most studied from a therapeutic perspective, while polyaromatic foldamers have barely evolved from their nascency and remain perplexing for medicinal chemists due to their poor drug-like nature. Despite these limitations, this compound class may still offer opportunities to study challenging targets or provide chemical biology tools. The potential of foldamer drug candidates reaching the clinic is still a stretch. Nevertheless, advances in the field have demonstrated their potential for the discovery of next generation therapeutics. In this perspective, the current knowledge of foldamers is reviewed in a drug discovery context. Recent advances in the early phases of drug discovery including hit finding, target validation, and optimization and molecular modeling are discussed. In addition, challenges and focus areas are debated and gaps highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranganath Gopalakrishnan
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden.,AstraZeneca MPI Satellite Unit, Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology , Dortmund 44202, Germany
| | - Andrey I Frolov
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Laurent Knerr
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - William J Drury
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
| | - Eric Valeur
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca , Pepparedsleden 1, Mölndal, 431 83, Sweden
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15
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Legrand B, André C, Moulat L, Didierjean C, Hermet P, Bantignies JL, Martinez J, Amblard M, Calmès M. 12/14/14-Helix Formation in 2:1 α/β-Hybrid Peptides Containing Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Ring Constraints. Chemistry 2016; 22:11986-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Christophe André
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Laure Moulat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Claude Didierjean
- CRM2; UMR 7063 CNRS Université de Lorraine; Boulevard des Aiguilletes 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex France
| | - Patrick Hermet
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR-5253, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM; Place E. Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cédex 5 France
| | - Jean-Louis Bantignies
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb; UMR 5221 CNRS-Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Muriel Amblard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Monique Calmès
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM); UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier-ENSCM; 15 avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5 France
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16
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Mandal PK, Kauffmann B, Destecroix H, Ferrand Y, Davis AP, Huc I. Crystal structure of a complex between β-glucopyranose and a macrocyclic receptor with dendritic multicharged water solubilizing chains. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9355-8. [PMID: 27373805 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04466b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using commercial screens for crystallization of biomolecules and taking advantage of the use of racemic crystallography allowed the production of X-ray quality single crystals and the elucidation at 1.08 Å resolution of the solid state structure of a difficult target: the complex between glucopyranose and a water soluble macrocyclic receptor equipped with dendritic multianionic solubilizing chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep K Mandal
- Univ. Bordeaux, CBMN (UMR 5248), IECB, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600 Pessac, France.
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17
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Kudo M, Carbajo López D, Maurizot V, Masu H, Tanatani A, Huc I. Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of Quinoline-Oxazole Peptides. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Lee M, Shim J, Kang P, Choi MG, Choi SH. Stabilization of 11/9-helical α/β-peptide foldamers in protic solvents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5950-2. [PMID: 27056400 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01189f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
α/β-Peptides with alternating α-amino acid and cis-2-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (cis-ACHC) residues adopt 11/9-helical conformations, the folding propensity of which decreases as the solvent polarity increases. We report a new cis-ACHC analogue, cis-2-amino-cis-4-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid, which significantly stabilizes the 11/9-helix propensity in protic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihye Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Collie GW, Pulka-Ziach K, Guichard G. Surfactant-facilitated crystallisation of water-soluble foldamers. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3377-3383. [PMID: 29997832 PMCID: PMC6006954 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00090h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Common surfactants promote the crystallisation of a series of water-soluble oligourea foldamers which had previously proven resistant to crystallisation efforts.
X-ray crystallography has played a major role in the advancement of foldamer research, however, obtaining well-formed single crystals of suitable quality for structure determination by X-ray diffraction methods is often rather challenging. Towards this end, we report here the ability of common surfactants to promote the crystallisation of a series of water-soluble oligourea foldamers which had previously proven highly resistant to crystallisation. Four high-resolution crystal structures are reported, suggesting certain surfactants could be potentially useful tools for the crystallisation of intractable water-soluble foldamers (or peptides).
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Collie
- Univ. Bordeaux , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 rue Robert Escarpit , 33607 Pessac , France . .,CNRS , CBMN , UMR 5248 , F-33600 , Pessac , France
| | - K Pulka-Ziach
- Univ. Bordeaux , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 rue Robert Escarpit , 33607 Pessac , France . .,CNRS , CBMN , UMR 5248 , F-33600 , Pessac , France
| | - G Guichard
- Univ. Bordeaux , CBMN , UMR 5248 , Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie , 2 rue Robert Escarpit , 33607 Pessac , France . .,CNRS , CBMN , UMR 5248 , F-33600 , Pessac , France
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20
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Abstract
Interactions between polypeptide chains containing amino acid residues with opposite absolute configurations have long been a source of interest and speculation, but there is very little structural information for such heterochiral associations. The need to address this lacuna has grown in recent years because of increasing interest in the use of peptides generated from d amino acids (d peptides) as specific ligands for natural proteins, e.g., to inhibit deleterious protein-protein interactions. Coiled-coil interactions, between or among α-helices, represent the most common tertiary and quaternary packing motif in proteins. Heterochiral coiled-coil interactions were predicted over 50 years ago by Crick, and limited experimental data obtained in solution suggest that such interactions can indeed occur. To address the dearth of atomic-level structural characterization of heterochiral helix pairings, we report two independent crystal structures that elucidate coiled-coil packing between l- and d-peptide helices. Both structures resulted from racemic crystallization of a peptide corresponding to the transmembrane segment of the influenza M2 protein. Networks of canonical knobs-into-holes side-chain packing interactions are observed at each helical interface. However, the underlying patterns for these heterochiral coiled coils seem to deviate from the heptad sequence repeat that is characteristic of most homochiral analogs, with an apparent preference for a hendecad repeat pattern.
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21
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Wenger E, Moulat L, Legrand B, Amblard M, Calmès M, Didierjean C. Crystal structure of Boc-(S)-ABOC-(S)-Ala-(S)-ABOC-(S)-Phe-OBn chloro-form monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1193-5. [PMID: 26594404 PMCID: PMC4647376 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015016941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the title compound, phenyl (S)-2-[(S)-(1-{2-[(S)-(1-{[(tert-but-oxy)carbon-yl]amino}-bicyclo-[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)formamido]-propanamido}-bicyclo-[2.2.2]octan-2-yl)formamido]-3-phenyl-propano-ate chloro-form monosolvate, C42H56N4O7·CHCl3, the α,β-hybrid peptide contains two non-proteinogenic amino acid residues of (S)-1-amino-bicyclo-[2.2.2]octane-2-carb-oxy-lic acid [(S)-ABOC], two amino acid residues of (S)-2-amino-propanoic acid [(S)-Ala] and (S)-2-amino-3-phenyl-propanoic acid [(S)-Phe], and protecting groups of tert-but-oxy-carbonyl (Boc) and benzyl ester (OBn). The tetra-mer folds into a right-handed mixed 11/9 helix stabilized by intra-molecular i,i + 3 and i,i - 1 C=O⋯H-N hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, the oligomers are linked by N-H⋯O=C hydrogen bonds into chains along the a-axis direction. The chloro-form solvent mol-ecules are inter-calated between the folded chains via C-H⋯O=C inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Wenger
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 CRM2, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7036 CRM2, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laure Moulat
- IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier–ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier–ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Muriel Amblard
- IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier–ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Monique Calmès
- IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS-Université Montpellier–ENSCM, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Claude Didierjean
- Université de Lorraine, UMR 7036 CRM2, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, UMR 7036 CRM2, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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22
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Kudo M, Maurizot V, Masu H, Tanatani A, Huc I. Structural elucidation of foldamers with no long range conformational order. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:10090-3. [PMID: 25050415 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03822c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural investigation of aromatic-aliphatic oligoamide foldamers reveals a zig-zag tape conformation with local conformational variability that precludes long range order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Kudo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
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23
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Fisher BF, Guo L, Dolinar BS, Guzei IA, Gellman SH. Heterogeneous H-bonding in a foldamer helix. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6484-7. [PMID: 25974390 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural characterization of new α/γ-peptide foldamers containing the cyclically constrained γ-amino acid I is described. Crystallographic and 2D NMR analysis shows that γ residue I promotes the formation of a 12/10-helical secondary structure in α/γ-peptides. This helix contains two different types of internal H-bond, and the data show that the 12-atom C═O(i) → H-N(i+3) H-bond is more favorable than the 10-atom C═O(i) → H-N(i-1) H-bond. Several foldamer helices featuring topologically distinct H-bonds have been discovered, but our findings are the first to show that such H-bonds may differ in their favorability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian F Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Brian S Dolinar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel H Gellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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24
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Sharma GV, Venkateshwarlu G, Katukuri S, Ramakrishna KV, Sarma AV. Design and synthesis of novel oxetane β3-amino acids and α, β-peptides. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Kwon S, Kang P, Choi MG, Choi SH. cis-2-Aminocyclohex-4-enecarboxylic acid as a new building block of helical foldamers. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
cis-2-Aminocyclohex-4-enecarboxylic acid can promote the α/β-peptide 11/9-helix in solution and in the crystal state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmi Kwon
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Philjae Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gun Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyuk Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Yonsei University
- Seoul 120-749
- Republic of Korea
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26
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Sharma GVM, Sridhar T, Veena B, Purushotham Reddy P, Reddy SV, Bruneau C, Kunwar AC. Synthesis and conformational studies of α/β2,3-peptides derived from alternating β2,3-amino acids and l-Ala repeats. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj02031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new class of α/β2,3-peptides were synthesized from C-linked carbo-β2,3-amino acids (β2,3-Caas) and investigated to understand the impact of the side chains (allyl/propargyl) at the Cα-position on their conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangavaram V. M. Sharma
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Tailor Sridhar
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Bacchu Veena
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Pothula Purushotham Reddy
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Structural Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Sheri Venkata Reddy
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | | | - Ajit C. Kunwar
- Centre for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Structural Chemistry
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
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28
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Mandal PK, Collie GW, Kauffmann B, Huc I. Racemic DNA Crystallography. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14424-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Giuliano MW, Maynard SJ, Almeida AM, Guo L, Guzei IA, Spencer LC, Gellman SH. A γ-Amino Acid That Favors 12/10-Helical Secondary Structure in α/γ-Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15046-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5076585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Giuliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Stacy J. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Aaron M. Almeida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Lara C. Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Samuel H. Gellman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Legrand B, André C, Moulat L, Wenger E, Didierjean C, Aubert E, Averlant-Petit MC, Martinez J, Calmes M, Amblard M. Unprecedented Chain-Length-Dependent Conformational Conversion Between 11/9 and 18/16 Helix in α/β-Hybrid Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Legrand B, André C, Moulat L, Wenger E, Didierjean C, Aubert E, Averlant-Petit MC, Martinez J, Calmes M, Amblard M. Unprecedented Chain-Length-Dependent Conformational Conversion Between 11/9 and 18/16 Helix in α/β-Hybrid Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13131-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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32
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Sharma GVM, Thodupunuri P, Sirisha K, Basha SJ, Gurava Reddy P, Sarma AVS. Design and synthesis of peptides with hybrid helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif and their conformational study. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8614-28. [PMID: 25180942 DOI: 10.1021/jo501267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed at the design and synthesis of peptides with hybrid helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif and their conformational analysis (NMR, MD, and CD studies). The requisite peptides with heterogeneous backbones were prepared from β-, γ-, and δ-amino acids with carbohydrate side chains and α-amino acid, L-Ala. The α/β-peptides were prepared from (S)-β-Caa(l) (C-linked carbo-β-amino acid with D-lyxo furanoside side chain) and L-Ala with a 1:1 alternation. The α/β-peptides with "helix-turn" motif displayed a 11/9-helix nucleating a 13-atom H-bonding turn. The α/β-octapeptides showed the presence of HTH structures with bifurcated 11/15-H-bonded turn. Further, the α/β-hexapeptide with HT motif, independently on coupling with γ/α/γ/α- and δ/α/δ/α-tetrapeptides at the C-terminus provided access to the decapeptides with "hybrid HTH" motifs. The decapeptide ("α-β-α-β-α-β-γ-α-γ-α") showed a hybrid HTH with "11/9/11/9/11/16/9/12/10" H-bonding, while the decapeptide ("α-β-α-β-α-β-δ-α-δ-α") revealed the presence of a "11/9/11/9/11/17/9/13/11" helical pattern. The above peptides thus have shown compatibility between different types of helices and serendipitous bifurcated 11/16- and 11/17-turns. The present study thus provided the first opportunity for the design and study of "hybrid HTH" motifs with more than one kind of helical structures in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangavaram V M Sharma
- Organic and Bimolecular Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Basuroy K, Karuppiah V, Balaram P. C11/C9 Helices in Crystals of αβ Hybrid Peptides and Switching Structures between Helix Types by Variation in the α-Residue. Org Lett 2014; 16:4614-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5021866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnayan Basuroy
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Vasantham Karuppiah
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Padmanabhan Balaram
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Sharma GVM, Venkateshwarlu G, Reddy PP, Kunwar AC. New Helical Folds in α-Peptides with Alternating Chirality. Chemistry 2014; 20:11428-38. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Stidham S, Chin SL, Dane EL, Grinstaff MW. Carboxylated glucuronic poly-amido-saccharides as protein stabilizing agents. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9544-7. [PMID: 24949521 PMCID: PMC4105061 DOI: 10.1021/ja5036804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of novel carbohydrate-based polymers allows the structure to be tailored at the monomer level for a specific property and expands the range of available structures beyond those found in nature. Using a controlled anionic polymerization, a new type of carbohydrate polymer is synthesized in which glucose-derived monomers are joined by an α-1,2 amide linkage to give enantiopure poly-amido-saccharides (PASs). To investigate the effect of adding ionizable carboxylic acid groups, such as those found in natural polysaccharides containing glucuronic acid, the oxidation of the primary alcohol at the C6-position of the repeat unit to a carboxylic acid is reported. TEMPO-mediated oxidation provides control over the degree of oxidation in excellent yield. Based on circular dichroism, the oxidized polymers possess an ordered helical secondary structure in aqueous solution. Finally, oxidized PASs stabilize lysozyme toward dehydration and freezing stresses better than a current, widely used protein stabilizing agent, trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah
E. Stidham
- Departments of Chemistry
and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Stacy L. Chin
- Departments of Chemistry
and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Eric L. Dane
- Departments of Chemistry
and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry
and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Lee W, Kwon S, Kang P, Guzei IA, Choi SH. Helical folding of α/β-peptides containing β-amino acids with an eight-membered ring constraint. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:2641-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00266k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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