1
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Schaupp S, Arriaza-Gallardo FJ, Paczia N, Ataka K, Shima S. Acyl and CO Ligands in the [Fe]-Hydrogenase Cofactor Scramble upon Photolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316478. [PMID: 38100251 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
[Fe]-hydrogenase harbors the iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor, in which the Fe(II) complex contains acyl-carbon, pyridinol-nitrogen, cysteine-thiolate and two CO as ligands. Irradiation with UV-A/blue light decomposes the FeGP cofactor to a 6-carboxymethyl-4-guanylyl-2-pyridone (GP) and other components. Previous in vitro biosynthesis experiments indicated that the acyl- and CO-ligands in the FeGP cofactor can scramble, but whether scrambling occurred during biosynthesis or photolysis was unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the [18 O1 -carboxy]-group of GP is incorporated into the FeGP cofactor by in vitro biosynthesis. MS/MS analysis of the 18 O-labeled FeGP cofactor revealed that the produced [18 O1 ]-acyl group is not exchanged with a CO ligand of the cofactor, indicating that the acyl and CO ligands are scrambled during photolysis rather than biosynthesis, which ruled out any biosynthesis mechanisms allowing acyl/CO ligands scrambling. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy indicated that an acyl-Fe(CO)3 intermediate is formed during photolysis, in which scrambling of the CO and acyl ligands can occur. This finding also suggests that the light-excited FeGP cofactor has a higher affinity for external CO. These results contribute to our understanding of the biosynthesis and photosensitive properties of this unique H2 -activating natural complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schaupp
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Nicole Paczia
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenichi Ataka
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin (Germany)
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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2
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Arriaza-Gallardo FJ, Zheng YC, Gehl M, Nomura S, Fernandes-Queiroz JP, Shima S. [Fe]-Hydrogenase, Cofactor Biosynthesis and Engineering. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300330. [PMID: 37671838 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
[Fe]-hydrogenase catalyzes the heterolytic cleavage of H2 and reversible hydride transfer to methenyl-tetrahydromethanopterin. The iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor is the prosthetic group of this enzyme, in which mononuclear Fe(II) is ligated with a pyridinol and two CO ligands. The pyridinol ligand fixes the iron by an acyl carbon and a pyridinol nitrogen. Biosynthetic proteins for this cofactor are encoded in the hmd co-occurring (hcg) genes. The function of HcgB, HcgC, HcgD, HcgE, and HcgF was studied by using structure-to-function analysis, which is based on the crystal structure of the proteins and subsequent enzyme assays. Recently, we reported the catalytic properties of HcgA and HcgG, novel radical S-adenosyl methionine enzymes, by using an in vitro biosynthesis assay. Here, we review the properties of [Fe]-hydrogenase and the FeGP cofactor, and the biosynthesis of the FeGP cofactor. Finally, we discuss the expected engineering of [Fe]-hydrogenase and the FeGP cofactor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Cong Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Gehl
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Shunsuke Nomura
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - J Pedro Fernandes-Queiroz
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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3
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Wang C, Lai Z, Huang G, Pan H. Current State of [Fe]‐Hydrogenase and Its Biomimetic Models. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201499. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Avenue 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhenli Lai
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Section 4–13, Renmin South Road 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Gangfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Section 4–13, Renmin South Road 610041 Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Hui‐Jie Pan
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Avenue 210023 Nanjing P. R. China
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4
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Schaupp S, Arriaza-Gallardo FJ, Pan HJ, Kahnt J, Angelidou G, Paczia N, Costa K, Hu X, Shima S. In Vitro Biosynthesis of the [Fe]-Hydrogenase Cofactor Verifies the Proposed Biosynthetic Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200994. [PMID: 35286742 PMCID: PMC9314073 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the FeGP cofactor of [Fe]‐hydrogenase, low‐spin FeII is in complex with two CO ligands and a pyridinol derivative; the latter ligates the iron with a 6‐acylmethyl substituent and the pyridinol nitrogen. A guanylylpyridinol derivative, 6‐carboxymethyl‐3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐guanylyl‐2‐pyridinol (3), is produced by the decomposition of the FeGP cofactor under irradiation with UV‐A/blue light and is also postulated to be a precursor of FeGP cofactor biosynthesis. HcgC and HcgB catalyze consecutive biosynthesis steps leading to 3. Here, we report an in vitro biosynthesis assay of the FeGP cofactor using the cell extract of the ΔhcgBΔhcgC strain of Methanococcus maripaludis, which does not biosynthesize 3. We chemically synthesized pyridinol precursors 1 and 2, and detected the production of the FeGP cofactor from 1, 2 and 3. These results indicated that 1, 2 and 3 are the precursors of the FeGP cofactor, and the carboxy group of 3 is converted to the acyl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schaupp
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Hui-Jie Pan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Georgia Angelidou
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Paczia
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kyle Costa
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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5
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Schaupp S, Arriaza‐Gallardo FJ, Pan H, Kahnt J, Angelidou G, Paczia N, Costa K, Hu X, Shima S. In Vitro Biosynthesis of the [Fe]‐Hydrogenase Cofactor Verifies the Proposed Biosynthetic Precursors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schaupp
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | | | - Hui‐jie Pan
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Georgia Angelidou
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Nicole Paczia
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Kyle Costa
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota Twin Cities St. Paul, MN USA
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
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6
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Fan Q, Neubauer P, Lenz O, Gimpel M. Heterologous Hydrogenase Overproduction Systems for Biotechnology-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5890. [PMID: 32824336 PMCID: PMC7460606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogenases are complex metalloenzymes, showing tremendous potential as H2-converting redox catalysts for application in light-driven H2 production, enzymatic fuel cells and H2-driven cofactor regeneration. They catalyze the reversible oxidation of hydrogen into protons and electrons. The apo-enzymes are not active unless they are modified by a complicated post-translational maturation process that is responsible for the assembly and incorporation of the complex metal center. The catalytic center is usually easily inactivated by oxidation, and the separation and purification of the active protein is challenging. The understanding of the catalytic mechanisms progresses slowly, since the purification of the enzymes from their native hosts is often difficult, and in some case impossible. Over the past decades, only a limited number of studies report the homologous or heterologous production of high yields of hydrogenase. In this review, we emphasize recent discoveries that have greatly improved our understanding of microbial hydrogenases. We compare various heterologous hydrogenase production systems as well as in vitro hydrogenase maturation systems and discuss their perspectives for enhanced biohydrogen production. Additionally, activities of hydrogenases isolated from either recombinant organisms or in vivo/in vitro maturation approaches were systematically compared, and future perspectives for this research area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (Q.F.); (P.N.)
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (Q.F.); (P.N.)
| | - Oliver Lenz
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Matthias Gimpel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technical University of Berlin, Ackerstraße 76, 13355 Berlin, Germany; (Q.F.); (P.N.)
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7
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Watanabe T, Wagner T, Huang G, Kahnt J, Ataka K, Ermler U, Shima S. The Bacterial [Fe]-Hydrogenase Paralog HmdII Uses Tetrahydrofolate Derivatives as Substrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3506-3510. [PMID: 30600878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
[Fe]-hydrogenase (Hmd) catalyzes the reversible hydrogenation of methenyl-tetrahydromethanopterin (methenyl-H4 MPT+ ) with H2 . H4 MPT is a C1-carrier of methanogenic archaea. One bacterial genus, Desulfurobacterium, contains putative genes for the Hmd paralog, termed HmdII, and the HcgA-G proteins. The latter are required for the biosynthesis of the prosthetic group of Hmd, the iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor. This finding is intriguing because Hmd and HmdII strictly use H4 MPT derivatives that are absent in most bacteria. We identified the presence of the FeGP cofactor in D. thermolithotrophum. The bacterial HmdII reconstituted with the FeGP cofactor catalyzed the hydrogenation of derivatives of tetrahydrofolate, the bacterial C1-carrier, albeit with low enzymatic activities. The crystal structures show how Hmd recognizes tetrahydrofolate derivatives. These findings have an impact on future biotechnology by identifying a bacterial Hmd paralog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Watanabe
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Current address: Microbial Metabolism group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gangfeng Huang
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Unit, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenichi Ataka
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Department of Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Microbial Protein Structure Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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8
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Watanabe T, Wagner T, Huang G, Kahnt J, Ataka K, Ermler U, Shima S. The Bacterial [Fe]-Hydrogenase Paralog HmdII Uses Tetrahydrofolate Derivatives as Substrates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Watanabe
- Microbial Protein Structure Group; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology; Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Microbial Protein Structure Group; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology; Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
- Current address: Microbial Metabolism group; Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology; Celsiusstrasse 1 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Gangfeng Huang
- Microbial Protein Structure Group; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology; Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Unit; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology; Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Kenichi Ataka
- Department of Physics; Freie Universität Berlin; 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Department of Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik; Max-von-Laue-Straße 3 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Microbial Protein Structure Group; Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology; Karl-von-Frisch Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
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9
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New metal cofactors and recent metallocofactor insights. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2019; 59:1-8. [PMID: 30711735 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A vast array of metal cofactors are associated with the active sites of metalloenzymes. This Opinion describes the most recently discovered metal cofactor, a nickel-pincer nucleotide (NPN) coenzyme that is covalently tethered to lactate racemase from Lactobacillus plantarum. The enzymatic function of the NPN cofactor and its pathway for biosynthesis are reviewed. Furthermore, insights are summarized from recent advances involving other selected organometallic and inorganic-cluster cofactors including the lanthanide-pyrroloquinoline quinone found in certain alcohol dehydrogenases, tungsten-pyranopterins or molybdenum-pyranopterins in chosen enzymes, the iron-guanylylpyridinol cofactor of [Fe] hydrogenase, the nickel-tetrapyrrole coenzyme F430 of methyl coenzyme M reductase, the vanadium-iron cofactor of nitrogenase, redox-dependent rearrangements of the nickel-iron-sulfur C-cluster in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, and light-dependent changes in the multi-manganese cluster of the oxygen-evolving complex.
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10
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Bai L, Wagner T, Xu T, Hu X, Ermler U, Shima S. A Water-Bridged H-Bonding Network Contributes to the Catalysis of the SAM-Dependent C-Methyltransferase HcgC. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10806-10809. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Bai
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik; Max-von-Laue-Straße 3 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
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11
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Bai L, Wagner T, Xu T, Hu X, Ermler U, Shima S. A Water-Bridged H-Bonding Network Contributes to the Catalysis of the SAM-Dependent C-Methyltransferase HcgC. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Bai
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tristan Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik; Max-von-Laue-Straße 3 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
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12
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Bai L, Fujishiro T, Huang G, Koch J, Takabayashi A, Yokono M, Tanaka A, Xu T, Hu X, Ermler U, Shima S. Towards artificial methanogenesis: biosynthesis of the [Fe]-hydrogenase cofactor and characterization of the semi-synthetic hydrogenase. Faraday Discuss 2017; 198:37-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The greenhouse gas and energy carrier methane is produced on Earth mainly by methanogenic archaea. In the hydrogenotrophic methanogenic pathway the reduction of one CO2 to one methane molecule requires four molecules of H2 containing eight electrons. Four of the electrons from two H2 are supplied for reduction of an electron carrier F420, which is catalyzed by F420-reducing [NiFe]-hydrogenase under nickel-sufficient conditions. The same reaction is catalysed under nickel-limiting conditions by [Fe]-hydrogenase coupled with a reaction catalyzed by F420-dependent methylene tetrahydromethanopterin dehydrogenase. [Fe]-hydrogenase contains an iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor for H2 activation at the active site. FeII of FeGP is coordinated to a pyridinol-nitrogen, an acyl-carbon, two CO and a cysteine-thiolate. We report here on comparative genomic analyses of biosynthetic genes of the FeGP cofactor, which are primarily located in a hmd-co-occurring (hcg) gene cluster. One of the gene products is HcgB which transfers the guanosine monophosphate (GMP) moiety from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to a pyridinol precursor. Crystal structure analysis of HcgB from Methanococcus maripaludis and its complex with 6-carboxymethyl-3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridinol confirmed the physiological guanylyltransferase reaction. Furthermore, we tested the properties of semi-synthetic [Fe]-hydrogenases using the [Fe]-hydrogenase apoenzyme from several methanogenic archaea and a mimic of the FeGP cofactor. On the basis of the enzymatic reactions involved in the methanogenic pathway, we came up with an idea how the methanogenic pathway could be simplified to develop an artificial methanogenesis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Bai
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Takashi Fujishiro
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Gangfeng Huang
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Jürgen Koch
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Atsushi Takabayashi
- The Institute of Low Temperature Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0819
- Japan
| | - Makio Yokono
- The Institute of Low Temperature Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0819
- Japan
| | - Ayumi Tanaka
- The Institute of Low Temperature Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-0819
- Japan
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik
- 60438 Frankfurt/Main
- Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie
- 35043 Marburg
- Germany
- PRESTO
- Japan, Science and Technology Agency (JST)
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13
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Fujishiro T, Bai L, Xu T, Xie X, Schick M, Kahnt J, Rother M, Hu X, Ermler U, Shima S. Identification of HcgC as a SAM-Dependent Pyridinol Methyltransferase in [Fe]-Hydrogenase Cofactor Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9648-51. [PMID: 27391308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201604352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Previous retrosynthetic and isotope-labeling studies have indicated that biosynthesis of the iron guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor of [Fe]-hydrogenase requires a methyltransferase. This hypothetical enzyme covalently attaches the methyl group at the 3-position of the pyridinol ring. We describe the identification of HcgC, a gene product of the hcgA-G cluster responsible for FeGP cofactor biosynthesis. It acts as an S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase, based on the crystal structures of HcgC and the HcgC/SAM and HcgC/S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) complexes. The pyridinol substrate, 6-carboxymethyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridinol, was predicted based on properties of the conserved binding pocket and substrate docking simulations. For verification, the assumed substrate was synthesized and used in a kinetic assay. Mass spectrometry and NMR analysis revealed 6-carboxymethyl-3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridinol as the reaction product, which confirmed the function of HcgC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujishiro
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-ohkubo 255, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Liping Bai
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Philipps Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schick
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rother
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xile Hu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043, Marburg, Germany. .,PRESTO, Japan, Science and Technology Agency, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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14
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Fujishiro T, Bai L, Xu T, Xie X, Schick M, Kahnt J, Rother M, Hu X, Ermler U, Shima S. Identification of HcgC as a SAM-Dependent Pyridinol Methyltransferase in [Fe]-Hydrogenase Cofactor Biosynthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201604352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujishiro
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Saitama University; Shimo-ohkubo 255 Sakura-ku Saitama 338-8570 Japan
| | - Liping Bai
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Tao Xu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Philipps Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Schick
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Michael Rother
- Institut für Mikrobiologie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Xile Hu
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); ISIC-LSCI, BCH 3305 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik; Max-von-Laue-Straße 3 60438 Frankfurt/Main Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie; Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10 35043 Marburg Germany
- PRESTO, Japan, Science and Technology Agency, JST; Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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15
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Fujishiro T, Ataka K, Ermler U, Shima S. Towards a functional identification of catalytically inactive [Fe]-hydrogenase paralogs. FEBS J 2015; 282:3412-23. [PMID: 26094576 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED [Fe]-hydrogenase (Hmd), an enzyme of the methanogenic energy metabolism, harbors an iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor used for H2 cleavage. The generated hydride is transferred to methenyl-tetrahydromethanopterin (methenyl-H4MPT(+)). Most hydrogenotrophic methanogens contain the hmd-related genes hmdII and hmdIII. Their function is still elusive. We were able to reconstitute the HmdII holoenzyme of Methanocaldococcus jannaschii with recombinantly produced apoenzyme and the FeGP cofactor, which is a prerequisite for in vitro functional analysis. Infrared spectroscopic and X-ray structural data clearly indicated binding of the FeGP cofactor. Methylene-H4MPT binding was detectable in the significantly altered infrared spectra of the HmdII holoenzyme and in the HmdII apoenzyme-methylene-H4 MPT complex structure. The related binding mode of the FeGP cofactor and methenyl-H4MPT(+) compared with Hmd and their multiple contacts to the polypeptide highly suggest a biological role in HmdII. However, holo-HmdII did not catalyze the Hmd reaction, not even in a single turnover process, as demonstrated by kinetic measurements. The found inactivity can be rationalized by an increased contact area between the C- and N-terminal folding units in HmdII compared with in Hmd, which impairs the catalytically necessary open-to-close transition, and by an exchange of a crucial histidine to a tyrosine. Mainly based on the presented data, a function of HmdII as Hmd isoenzyme, H2 sensor, FeGP-cofactor storage protein and scaffold protein for FeGP-cofactor biosynthesis could be excluded. Inspired by the recently found binding of HmdII to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and tRNA, we tentatively consider HmdII as a regulatory protein for protein synthesis that senses the intracellular methylene-H4 MPT concentration. DATABASE Structural data are available in the Protein Data Bank under the accession numbers 4YT8; 4YT2; 4YT4 and 4YT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujishiro
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenichi Ataka
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max-Planck-Institut für terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Marburg, Germany.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan
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16
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Fujishiro T, Kahnt J, Ermler U, Shima S. Protein-pyridinol thioester precursor for biosynthesis of the organometallic acyl-iron ligand in [Fe]-hydrogenase cofactor. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6895. [PMID: 25882909 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor of [Fe]-hydrogenase contains a prominent iron centre with an acyl-Fe bond and is the only acyl-organometallic iron compound found in nature. Here, we identify the functions of HcgE and HcgF, involved in the biosynthesis of the FeGP cofactor using structure-to-function strategy. Analysis of the HcgE and HcgF crystal structures with and without bound substrates suggest that HcgE catalyses the adenylylation of the carboxy group of guanylylpyridinol (GP) to afford AMP-GP, and subsequently HcgF catalyses the transesterification of AMP-GP to afford a Cys (HcgF)-S-GP thioester. Both enzymatic reactions are confirmed by in vitro assays. The structural data also offer plausible catalytic mechanisms. This strategy of thioester activation corresponds to that used for ubiquitin activation, a key event in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. It further implicates a nucleophilic attack onto the acyl carbon presumably via an electron-rich Fe(0)- or Fe(I)-carbonyl complex in the Fe-acyl formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujishiro
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ermler
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Seigo Shima
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, 332-0012 Saitama, Japan
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17
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Byer AS, Shepard EM, Peters JW, Broderick JB. Radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine chemistry in the synthesis of hydrogenase and nitrogenase metal cofactors. J Biol Chem 2014; 290:3987-94. [PMID: 25477518 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r114.578161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogenase, [FeFe]-hydrogenase, and [Fe]-hydrogenase enzymes perform catalysis at metal cofactors with biologically unusual non-protein ligands. The FeMo cofactor of nitrogenase has a MoFe7S9 cluster with a central carbon, whereas the H-cluster of [FeFe]-hydrogenase contains a 2Fe subcluster coordinated by cyanide and CO ligands as well as dithiomethylamine; the [Fe]-hydrogenase cofactor has CO and guanylylpyridinol ligands at a mononuclear iron site. Intriguingly, radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine enzymes are vital for the assembly of all three of these diverse cofactors. This minireview presents and discusses the current state of knowledge of the radical S-adenosylmethionine enzymes required for synthesis of these remarkable metal cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Byer
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Eric M Shepard
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - John W Peters
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
| | - Joan B Broderick
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717
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18
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Nagy GN, Leveles I, Vértessy BG. Preventive DNA repair by sanitizing the cellular (deoxy)nucleoside triphosphate pool. FEBS J 2014; 281:4207-23. [PMID: 25052017 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of modified bases in DNA is attributed to some major factors: incorporation of altered nucleotide building blocks and chemical reactions or radiation effects on bases within the DNA structure. Several enzyme families are involved in preventing the incorporation of noncanonical bases playing a 'sanitizing' role. The catalytic mechanism of action of these enzymes has been revealed for a number of representatives in clear structural and kinetic detail. In this review, we focus in detail on those examples where clear evidence has been produced using high-resolution structural studies. Comparing the protein fold and architecture of the enzyme active sites, two main classes of sanitizing deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphatases can be assigned that are distinguished by the site of nucleophilic attack. In enzymes associated with attack at the α-phosphorus, it is shown that coordination of the γ-phosphate group is also ensured by multiple interactions. By contrast, enzymes catalyzing attack at the β-phosphorus atom mainly coordinate the α- and the β-phosphate only. Characteristic differences are also observed with respect to the role of the metal ion cofactor (Mg(2+) ) and the coordination of nucleophilic water. Using different catalytic mechanisms embedded in different protein folds, these enzymes present a clear example of convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely N Nagy
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
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19
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A possible iron delivery function of the dinuclear iron center of HcgD in [Fe]-hydrogenase cofactor biosynthesis. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2789-93. [PMID: 24931373 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
HcgD, a homolog of the ubiquitous Nif3-like protein family, is found in a gene cluster involved in the biosynthesis of the iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor of [Fe]-hydrogenase. The presented crystal structure and biochemical analyses indicated that HcgD has a dinuclear iron-center, which provides a pronounced binding site for anionic ligands. HcgD contains a stronger and a weaker bound iron; the latter being removable by chelating reagents preferentially in the oxidized state. Therefore, we propose HcgD as an iron chaperone in FeGP cofactor biosynthesis, which might also stimulate investigations on the functionally unknown but physiologically important eukaryotic Nif3-like protein family members.
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Lubitz
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Hideaki Ogata
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Olaf Rüdiger
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward Reijerse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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