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Pyrenochaeta fraxinina as colonizer of ash and sycamore petioles, its morphology, ecology, and phylogenetic connections. Mycol Prog 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-022-01827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPyrenochaeta fraxinina was first described in 1913 from the state of New York (USA) on petioles of Fraxinus sp. Since then, the species has not been reported from North America and reports from the other regions of the world are very sparse. The results of this study on P. fraxinina are based on the material collected in various regions of Poland from 2012 to 2019. The material comprised 2700 previous year’s leaf petioles of Fraxinus excelsior and 1970 petioles or leaf residues of eight other deciduous tree species. As a result, the occurrence of pycnidial conidiomata of P. fraxinina was confirmed on F. excelsior (3.4% of petioles), F. mandshurica (1.5%), F. pennsylvanica (3.2%), and Acer pseudoplatanus (2.0%). The morphology of the microstructures was described based on the fresh material and compared with the holotype of P. fraxinina. The optimal temperature for the growth of the fungus in vitro was estimated as 20 °C. The analyses based on ITS-LSU rDNA sequences and a protein coding sequence of TUB2 and RPB2 genes showed that P. fraxinina isolates form a well-supported clade in the phylogenetic trees. The species proved to be closely related to Nematostoma parasiticum (asexual morph Pyrenochaeta parasitica), a species occurring on Abies alba in connection with needle browning disease. Interactions between P. fraxinina and the ash dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, were analyzed in vivo on ash petioles and in vitro in dual cultures. Among 93 petioles of F. excelsior, for which P. fraxinina conidiomata were detected, 26 were also colonized by H. fraxineus. Mostly, these two fungi occurred separately, colonizing different sections of a petiole. For all dual cultures, both fungi, P. fraxinina and H. fraxineus, showed growth inhibition toward the counterpartner. The role of P. fraxinina as a saprotrophic competitor toward H. fraxineus in ash petioles is discussed.
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Fan H, Wei X, Si-Tu MX, Lei YH, Zhou FG, Zhang CX. γ-Aromatic Butenolides of Microbial Source - A Review of Their Structures, Biological Activities and Biosynthesis. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200208. [PMID: 35567462 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
γ-Aromatic butenolides (γ-AB) are an important type of structures found in many bioactive microbial secondary metabolites (SMs). γ-AB refer to a group of natural products (NPs) containing five-membered (unsaturated) lactones with 3-phenyl and 4-benzyl substituents. Their wide-range biological activities have inspired pharmaceutical chemists to explore its biosynthesis mechanisms and design strategies to construct the γ-AB skeleton. Recently, there are a great deal of interesting research progress on the structures, biological activities and biosynthesis of γ-AB. This review will focus on these aspects and summarize the important achievements of γ-AB from 1975 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Xia Si-Tu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hu Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Guo Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Cui-Xian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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Bilański P, Kowalski T. Fungal endophytes in Fraxinus excelsior petioles and their in vitro antagonistic potential against the ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Microbiol Res 2022; 257:126961. [PMID: 35042053 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.126961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes were isolated from 250 asymptomatic leaf petioles of Fraxinus excelsior collected from trees showing symptoms of ash dieback in five forest sites in southern Poland. Fungal isolations yielded 1646 colonies representing 97 taxa, including 92 Ascomycota and 5 Basidiomycota species. The most common Ascomycota comprised Nemania serpens (38.0 % of colonized petioles), Diaporthe eres (33.6 %), Venturia fraxini (26.4 %), Diaporthe sp. 1 (20.4 %), Alternaria sp. 1 (14.8 %), Colletotrichum acutatum (14.8 %), Nemania diffusa (14.0 %), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (12.4 %) and Colletotrichum sp. (12.4 %). The occurrence of all these taxa except Alternaria sp. 1 was significantly different between the studied forest sites. Two yeast species, Vishniacozyma foliicola (4.8 %) and Cystobasidium pinicola (2.8 %), dominated among the Basidiomycota endophytes detected. All the fungal endophytes were tested in dual culture antagonistic assays against two strains of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, resulting in the development of four interaction types. The interactions included the physical contact of co-partners' mycelia (41.8 %), development of an inhibition zone (47.4 %), growth of endophyte mycelia over H. fraxineus colonies (9.3 %) and growth of H. fraxineus mycelia over endophyte colonies (1.5 %). The strongest antibiotic activity against H. fraxineus, measured by the width of the inhibition zone, was observed for Cytospora pruinosa, Fusarium lateritium, Phoma sp. 2, Pleosporales sp. 2 and Thielavia basicola. A variety of morphophysiological deformations of H. fraxineus hyphae were observed under endophyte pressure: spiral twist of the hyphae, formation of cytoplasmic extrusions, development of torulose hyphae and excessive lateral branching of the hyphae. The strongest antagonistic effects, coupled with the potential to overgrow H. fraxineus colonies, was shown by Clonostachys rosea, Nemania diffusa, N. serpens, Peniophora cinerea, Rosellinia corticium and Xylaria polymorpha. Some of these species were able to attack H. fraxineus hyphae in a mycoparasitic manner. The antagonistic activities included the physical penetration of H. fraxineus hyphae, dissolution of hyphal cell walls, disappearance of pigmentation, disintegration of hyphae and degradation of other fungal structures. In contrast, one of the most commonly detected endophytes in ash leaves, Venturia fraxini, did not show in vitro antagonistic potential against H. fraxineus. Finally, we discuss the potential of the detected fungal endophytes to combat H. fraxineus invasion, the cause of ash decline in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bilański
- Department of Forest Ecosystem Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Cracow, 31-425 Cracow, Al. 29-Listopada 46, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Kowalski
- Department of Forest Ecosystem Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Cracow, 31-425 Cracow, Al. 29-Listopada 46, Poland.
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Fungi Detected in the Previous Year’s Leaf Petioles of Fraxinus excelsior and Their Antagonistic Potential against Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12101412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies on fungal communities in the previous year’s leaf petioles of Fraxinus excelsior found in litter in five ash stands in southern Poland were made in 2017. Fungi were identified on the basis of isolation from 300 surface sterilized leaf petioles and by in situ inventory of fruit bodies (on 600 petioles, in spring and autumn). Identification was based on morphology of colonies and fruit bodies, and sequencing of ITS region of the rRNA gene cluster. In total, 2832 isolates from 117 taxa (Ascomycota—100; Basidiomycota—15; Mucoromycota—2 taxa) were obtained with the isolation method. The most frequent taxa (with frequency >10%) were: Nemania serpens, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, Alternaria sp. 1, Boeremia sp., Helotiales sp. 1, Epicoccum nigrum, Venturia fraxini, Fusarium sp., Fusarium lateritium, Nemania diffusa, Typhula sp. 2 (in descending order). In total, 45 taxa were detected with the in situ inventory method. Eleven taxa were classified as dominant: Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, Venturia fraxini, Leptosphaeria sp. 2, Cyathicula fraxinophila, Typhula sp. 2, Hypoderma rubi, Pyrenopeziza petiolaris, Cyathicula coronata, Hymenoscyphus scutula, Leptosphaeria sclerotioides and Hymenoscyphus caudatus. Among 202 leaf petioles colonized by H. fraxineus, 177 petioles also showed fructification of 26 other fungi. All the isolated saprotrophs were tested in dual-culture assay for antagonism to two strains of H. fraxineus. Three interaction types were observed: type A, mutual direct contact, when the two fungi meet along the contact line (occurred with 43.3% of test fungi); type B, with inhibition zone between colonies (with 46.9% of test fungi); type C, when the test fungus overgrows the colony of H. fraxineus (with 9.8% of test fungi). The possible contribution of the fungal saprotrophs in limiting of the expansion of H. fraxineus in ash leaf petioles, which may result in reduction in the inoculum of ash dieback causal agent, is discussed.
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Elfstrand M, Chen J, Cleary M, Halecker S, Ihrmark K, Karlsson M, Davydenko K, Stenlid J, Stadler M, Durling MB. Comparative analyses of the Hymenoscyphus fraxineus and Hymenoscyphus albidus genomes reveals potentially adaptive differences in secondary metabolite and transposable element repertoires. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:503. [PMID: 34217229 PMCID: PMC8254937 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dieback epidemic decimating common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) in Europe is caused by the invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. In this study we analyzed the genomes of H. fraxineus and H. albidus, its native but, now essentially displaced, non-pathogenic sister species, and compared them with several other members of Helotiales. The focus of the analyses was to identify signals in the genome that may explain the rapid establishment of H. fraxineus and displacement of H. albidus. Results The genomes of H. fraxineus and H. albidus showed a high level of synteny and identity. The assembly of H. fraxineus is 13 Mb longer than that of H. albidus’, most of this difference can be attributed to higher dispersed repeat content (i.e. transposable elements [TEs]) in H. fraxineus. In general, TE families in H. fraxineus showed more signals of repeat-induced point mutations (RIP) than in H. albidus, especially in Long-terminal repeat (LTR)/Copia and LTR/Gypsy elements. Comparing gene family expansions and 1:1 orthologs, relatively few genes show signs of positive selection between species. However, several of those did appeared to be associated with secondary metabolite genes families, including gene families containing two of the genes in the H. fraxineus-specific, hymenosetin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC). Conclusion The genomes of H. fraxineus and H. albidus show a high degree of synteny, and are rich in both TEs and BGCs, but the genomic signatures also indicated that H. albidus may be less well equipped to adapt and maintain its ecological niche in a rapidly changing environment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07837-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Elfstrand
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Michelle Cleary
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sundsvägen 3, Box 49, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Sandra Halecker
- Dept. Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katarina Ihrmark
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Karlsson
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kateryna Davydenko
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Ukrainian research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration, 62458, Kharkov, Ukraine
| | - Jan Stenlid
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc Stadler
- Dept. Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mikael Brandström Durling
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas Allé 5, Box 7026, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
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Halecker S, Wennrich JP, Rodrigo S, Andrée N, Rabsch L, Baschien C, Steinert M, Stadler M, Surup F, Schulz B. Fungal endophytes for biocontrol of ash dieback: The antagonistic potential of Hypoxylon rubiginosum. FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Masi M, Di Lecce R, Tuzi A, Linaldeddu BT, Montecchio L, Maddau L, Evidente A. Hyfraxinic Acid, a Phytotoxic Tetrasubstituted Octanoic Acid, Produced by the Ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.) Pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus Together with Viridiol and Some of Its Analogues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13617-13623. [PMID: 31661270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new tetrasubstituted octanoic acid, named hyfraxinic acid (1), was isolated together with known 1-deoxyviridiol (2), viridiol (3), nodulisporiviridin M (4), and demethoxyviridiol (5) from the organic extract of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus responsible for ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) dieback in Europe. Hyfraxinic acid (1) was characterized, using spectroscopic methods, as 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methyl-6-methyleneoctanoic acid. Furthermore, the advanced Mosher method was used to determine the absolute configuration (3R) of 1-deoxyviridiol. Nodulisporiviridin M (4) was isolated for the first time from H. fraxineus. The phytotoxicity of each compound was tested by a leaf puncture assay on Celtis australis L., Quercus suber L., Hedera elix L., Juglans regia L., and Fraxinus angustifolia L. leaves. Compounds 1, 3, and 5 exhibited remarkable phytotoxicity on all plants tested, inducing necrotic lesions at concentrations of 1.0 and 0.5 mg/mL, while compounds 2 and 4 were found to be inactive in this bioassay. These results could contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenicity of H. fraxineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Masi
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche , Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4 , 80126 Napoli , Italy
| | - Roberta Di Lecce
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche , Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4 , 80126 Napoli , Italy
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche , Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4 , 80126 Napoli , Italy
| | - Benedetto Teodoro Linaldeddu
- Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali , Università di Padova , Viale dell'Università 16 , 35020 Legnaro , Italy
| | - Lucio Montecchio
- Dipartimento Territorio e Sistemi Agro-Forestali , Università di Padova , Viale dell'Università 16 , 35020 Legnaro , Italy
| | - Lucia Maddau
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Patologia Vegetale ed Entomologia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , Viale Italia 39 , 07100 Sassari , Italy
| | - Antonio Evidente
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche , Università di Napoli Federico II , Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4 , 80126 Napoli , Italy
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Rinkel J, Babczyk A, Wang T, Stadler M, Dickschat JS. Volatiles from the hypoxylaceous fungi Hypoxylon griseobrunneum and Hypoxylon macrocarpum. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:2974-2990. [PMID: 30591821 PMCID: PMC6296411 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The volatiles emitted by the ascomycetes Hypoxylon griseobrunneum and Hypoxylon macrocarpum (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) were collected by use of a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analysed by GC–MS. The main compound class of both species were polysubstituted benzene derivatives. Their structures could only be unambiguously determined by comparison to all isomers with different substitution patterns. The substitution pattern of the main compound from H. griseobrunneum, the new natural product 2,4,5-trimethylanisole, was explainable by a polyketide biosynthesis mechanism that was supported by a feeding experiment with (methyl-2H3)methionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rinkel
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Babczyk
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tao Wang
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Abteilung Mikrobielle Wirkstoffe, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jeroen S Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Jia
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO), CNRS; Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech-UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau. France
| | - Laurent El Kaïm
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique (LSO), CNRS; Ecole Polytechnique, ENSTA ParisTech-UMR 7652; Université Paris-Saclay; 828 Bd des Maréchaux 91128 Palaiseau. France
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Surup F, Halecker S, Nimtz M, Rodrigo S, Schulz B, Steinert M, Stadler M. Hyfraxins A and B, cytotoxic ergostane-type steroid and lanostane triterpenoid glycosides from the invasive ash dieback ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Steroids 2018; 135:92-97. [PMID: 29580870 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A virulent culture of Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback, was investigated for its production of secondary metabolites in a 70 L batch fermentation. Chemical analysis of the mycelial extract by means of flash chromatography and preparative HPLC led to the isolation of a new ergostane-type steroid (1) and a new related lanostane triterpenoid (2), both revealing the same glycosylation pattern. While their planar structures were elucidated by HR-ESIMS and NMR data, relative stereochemistry was assigned by ROESY correlations in conjunction with H,H and C,H coupling constants. Absolute configuration was determined based on ROESY correlations between the aglycons and the sugar moieties, which were identified in both cases as d-mannose by GC/MS analysis of the trimethylsilylated derivatives. The isolated compounds, for which we propose the trivial names hyfraxins A (1) and B (2), were found to be cytotoxic against the mouse fibroblast cell line L929 and exhibited moderate to weak activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Surup
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sandra Halecker
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Nimtz
- German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Department Cellular Proteome Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sara Rodrigo
- Departamento de Ingeniería del Medio Agronómico y Forestal, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Barbara Schulz
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Steinert
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH, Department Microbial Drugs, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research Association (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Barra L, Barac P, König GM, Crüsemann M, Dickschat JS. Volatiles from the fungal microbiome of the marine sponge Callyspongia cf. flammea. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:7411-7421. [PMID: 28872169 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The volatiles emitted by five fungal strains previously isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia cf. flammea were captured with a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and analyzed by GC-MS. Besides several widespread compounds, a series of metabolites with interesting bioactivities were found, including the quorum sensing inhibitor protoanemonin, the fungal phytotoxin 3,4-dimethylpentan-4-olide, and the insect attractant 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene. In addition, the aromatic polyketides isotorquatone and chartabomone that are both known from Eucalyptus and a new O-desmethyl derivative were identified. The biosynthesis of isotorquatone was studied by feeding experiments with isotopically labeled precursors and its absolute configuration was determined by enantioselective synthesis of a reference compound. Bioactivity testings showed algicidal activity for some of the identified compounds, suggesting a potential ecological function in sponge defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Barra
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Bolchi C, Roda G, Pallavicini M. Simple route to synthesize (E)-3-propyl-4-oxo-2-butenoic acid esters through the Z isomer. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1390587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Gabriella Roda
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italia
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Halecker S, Surup F, Solheim H, Stadler M. Albiducins A and B, salicylaldehyde antibiotics from the ash tree-associated saprotrophic fungus Hymenoscyphus albidus. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:339-341. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Covering: up to January 2017This review gives a comprehensive overview of the production of fungal volatiles, including the history of the discovery of the first compounds and their distribution in the various investigated strains, species and genera, as unravelled by modern analytical methods. Biosynthetic aspects and the accumulated knowledge about the bioactivity and biological functions of fungal volatiles are also covered. A total number of 325 compounds is presented in this review, with 247 cited references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen S Dickschat
- University of Bonn, Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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Abstract
The α-pyrone moiety is a structural feature found in a huge variety of biologically active metabolites. In recent times new insights into additional biosynthetic mechanisms, yielding in such six-membered unsaturated ester ring residues have been obtained. The purpose of this mini-review is to give a brief overview of α-pyrones and the mechanisms forming the basis of their natural synthesis. Especially the chain interconnecting enzymes, showing homology to ketosynthases which catalyze Claisen-like condensation reactions, will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till F Schäberle
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nußallee 6, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Kowalski T, Bilański P, Holdenrieder O. Virulence of Hymenoscyphus albidus and H. fraxineus on Fraxinus excelsior and F. pennsylvanica. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141592. [PMID: 26517266 PMCID: PMC4627758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is currently battling an onslaught of ash dieback, a disease emerging in the greater part of its native area, brought about by the introduction of the ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (= Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus). The closely-related fungus Hymenoscyphus albidus, which is indigenous to Europe, is non-pathogenic when in contact with F. excelsior, but could pose a potential risk to exotic Fraxinus species. The North American green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) is planted widely throughout Europe and regenerates naturally within this environment but little is known about the susceptibility of this species to ash dieback. We performed wound inoculations with both fungi (nine strains of H. fraxineus and three strains of H. albidus) on rachises and stems of F. excelsior and F. pennsylvanica under field conditions in Southern Poland. Necrosis formation was evaluated after two months on the rachises and after 12 months on the stems. After inoculation of H. albidus, only small lesions (of up to 1.3 cm in length) developed on the F. excelsior and F. pennsylvanica rachises, but with no significant distinction from the controls. Hymenoscyphus albidus did not cause necrotic lesions on the stems of either Fraxinus species. In contrast, H. fraxineus induced necroses on all inoculated rachises of both ash species with mean lengths of 8.4 cm (F. excelsior) and 1.9 cm (F. pennsylvanica). Necroses also developed on all of the inoculated F. excelsior stems (mean length 18.0 cm), whereas on F. pennsylvanica such lesions only occurred on about 5% of the stems (mean length 1.9 cm). The differences between strains were negligible. No necroses were observed on the control plants. Reisolations of H. albidus were only successful in around 8–11% of the cases, while H. fraxineus was reisolated from 50–70% of the inoculated organs showing necrotic lesions. None of the Hymenoscyphus species were isolated from the control plants. Our data confirm H. fraxineus’ high virulence with regards to F. excelsior and demonstrate a low virulence in relation to F. pennsylvanica under field conditions in Poland. Hymenoscyphus albidus did not express any perceivable pathogenicity on both host species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Kowalski
- Department of Forest Pathology, Mycology and Tree Physiology, University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Bilański
- Department of Forest Protection, Forest Entomology and Climatology, University of Agriculture, Cracow, Poland
| | - Ottmar Holdenrieder
- Forest Pathology and Dendrology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Citron CA, Barra L, Wink J, Dickschat JS. Volatiles from nineteen recently genome sequenced actinomycetes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2673-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02609h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The volatiles from nineteen genome sequenced actinobacteria were analysed by GC/MS and the identified terpenes were correlated to genome data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Citron
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Lena Barra
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Joachim Wink
- Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH
- 38124 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Jeroen S. Dickschat
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Universität Bonn
- 53121 Bonn
- Germany
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Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Awards: S. Perrier, K. Prassides, P. J. Skabara, R. V. Ulijn / Nachwuchswissenschaftler-Preis der DECHEMA: J. S. Dickschat. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Awards: S. Perrier, K. Prassides, P. J. Skabara, R. V. Ulijn / DECHEMA Early-Career Researcher Prize: J. S. Dickschat. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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