1
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Nakanishi K, Lugo-Fuentes LI, Manabe J, Guo R, Kikkawa S, Yamazoe S, Komaguchi K, Kume S, Szczepanik DW, Solà M, Jimenez-Halla JOC, Nishihara S, Kubo K, Nakamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Mizuta T, Shang R. Redox Activity of Ir III Complexes with Multidentate Ligands Based on Dipyrido-Annulated N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Access to High Valent and High Spin State with Carbon Donors. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302303. [PMID: 37553318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic strategies to access high-valent iridium complexes usually require use of π donating ligands bearing electronegative atoms (e. g. amide or oxide) or σ donating electropositive atoms (e. g. boryl or hydride). Besides the η5 -(methyl)cyclopentadienyl derivatives, high-valent η1 carbon-ligated iridium complexes are challenging to synthesize. To meet this challenge, this work reports the oxidation behavior of an all-carbon-ligated anionic bis(CCC-pincer) IrIII complex. Being both σ and π donating, the diaryl dipyrido-annulated N-heterocyclic carbene (dpa-NHC) IrIII complex allowed a stepwise 4e- oxidation sequence. The first 2e- oxidation led to an oxidative coupling of two adjacent aryl groups, resulting in formation of a cationic chiral IrIII complex bearing a CCCC-tetradentate ligand. A further 2e- oxidation allowed isolation of a high-valent tricationic complex with a triplet ground state. These results close a synthetic gap for carbon-ligated iridium complexes and demonstrate the electronic tuning potential of organic π ligands for unusual electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Nakanishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Leonardo I Lugo-Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jun Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ronghao Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Soichi Kikkawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kenji Komaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Shoko Kume
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Dariusz W Szczepanik
- K. Guminski Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, 2, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Oscar C Jimenez-Halla
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Campus Gto, Noria Alta s/n, 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Sadafumi Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masaaki Nakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Mizuta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Rong Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
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2
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Relativistic effects on the chemical bonding properties of the heavier elements and their compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.215000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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3
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Lu JB, Jiang XL, Wang JQ, Hu HS, Schwarz WHE, Li J. On the highest oxidation states of the actinoids in AnO 4 molecules (An = Ac - Cm): A DMRG-CASSCF study. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:190-198. [PMID: 35420170 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Actinoid tetroxide molecules AnO4 (An = Ac - Cm) are investigated with the ab initio density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) approach. Natural orbital shapes are used to read out the oxidation state (OS) of the f-elements, and the atomic orbital energies and radii are used to explain the trends. The highest OSs reveal a "volcano"-type variation: For An = Ac - Np, the OSs are equal to the number of available valence electrons, that is, AcIII , ThIV , PaV , UVI , and NpVII . Starting with plutonium as the turning point, the highest OSs in the most stable AnO4 isomers then decrease as PuV , AmV , and CmIII , indicating that the 5f-electrons are hard to be fully oxidized off from Pu onward. The variations are related to the actinoid contraction and to the 5f-covalency characteristics. Combined with previous work on OSs, we review their general trends throughout the periodic table, providing fundamental understanding of OS-relevant phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Lu
- Departmentof Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen.,Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Xue-Lian Jiang
- Departmentof Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen
| | - Jia-Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - W H Eugen Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing.,Theoretische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie und Biologie, Universität Siegen, Siegen, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Departmentof Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen.,Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing
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4
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Chen LS, Liu YZ, Chen JJ, Wang SD, Ma TM, Li XN, He SG. Water-Gas Shift Catalyzed by Iridium-Vanadium Oxide Clusters IrVO 2- with Iridium in a Rare Oxidation State of -II. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5294-5301. [PMID: 35943908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of compounds containing transition metals with an unusual and well-established oxidation state is vital to enrich our horizon on formal oxidation state. Herein, benefiting from the study of the water-gas shift reaction (CO + H2O → CO2 + H2) mediated with the iridium-vanadium oxide cluster IrVO2-, the missing -II oxidation state of iridium was identified. The reactions were performed by using our newly developed double ion trap reactors that can spatially separate the addition of reactants and are characterized by mass spectrometry and quantum-chemical calculations. This finding makes an important step that all the proposed 13 oxidation states of iridium (+IX to -III) have been known. The iridium atom in the IrVO2- cluster features the Ir═V double bond and resembles chemically the coordinated oxygen atom. A reactivity study demonstrated that the flexible role switch of iridium between an oxygen-atom like (Ir-IIVO2-) and a transition-metal-atom like behavior (Ir+IIVO3-) in different species can drive the water-gas shift reaction in the gas phase under ambient conditions. This result parallels and well rationalizes the extraordinary reactivity of oxide-supported iridium single-atom catalysts in related condensed-phase reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yun-Zhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Si-Dun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tong-Mei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiao-Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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5
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Lu Y, Tsegaw YA, Wodyński A, Li L, Beckers H, Kaupp M, Riedel S. Investigation of Molecular Iridium Fluorides IrF
n
(
n
=1–6): A Combined Matrix‐Isolation and Quantum‐Chemical Study. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104005. [PMID: 35181951 PMCID: PMC9310635 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The photo‐initiated defluorination of iridium hexafluoride (IrF6) was investigated in neon and argon matrices at 6 K, and their photoproducts are characterized by IR and UV‐vis spectroscopies as well as quantum‐chemical calculations. The primary photoproducts obtained after irradiation with λ=365 nm are iridium pentafluoride (IrF5) and iridium trifluoride (IrF3), while longer irradiation of the same matrix with λ=278 nm produced iridium tetrafluoride (IrF4) and iridium difluoride (IrF2) by Ir−F bond cleavage or F2 elimination. In addition, IrF5 can be reversed to IrF6 by adding a F atom when exposed to blue‐light (λ=470 nm) irradiation. Laser irradiation (λ=266 nm) of IrF4 also generated IrF6, IrF5, IrF3 and IrF2. Alternatively, molecular binary iridium fluorides IrFn (n=1–6) were produced by co‐deposition of laser‐ablated iridium atoms with elemental fluorine in excess neon and argon matrices under cryogenic conditions. Computational studies up to scalar relativistic CCSD(T)/triple‐ζ level and two‐component quasirelativistic DFT computations including spin‐orbit coupling effects supported the formation of these products and provided detailed insights into their molecular structures by their characteristic Ir−F stretching bands. Compared to the Jahn‐Teller effect, the influence of spin‐orbit coupling dominates in IrF5, leading to a triplet ground state with C4v symmetry, which was spectroscopically detected in solid argon and neon matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie Fabeckstrasse 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Yetsedaw A. Tsegaw
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie Fabeckstrasse 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Artur Wodyński
- Technische Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie Sekr. C7 Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Lin Li
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie Fabeckstrasse 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie Fabeckstrasse 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie Theoretische Chemie/Quantenchemie Sekr. C7 Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und Biochemie-Anorganische Chemie Fabeckstrasse 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
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6
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Du X, Yao Y, Wang J, Yang Q, Yang G. IrN 4 and IrN 7 as potential high-energy-density materials. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:054706. [PMID: 33557531 DOI: 10.1063/5.0036832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal nitrides have attracted great interest due to their unique crystal structures and applications. Here, we predict two N-rich iridium nitrides (IrN4 and IrN7) under moderate pressure through first-principles swarm-intelligence structural searches. The two new compounds are composed of stable IrN6 octahedrons and interlinked with high energy polynitrogens (planar N4 or cyclo-N5). Balanced structural robustness and energy content result in IrN4 and IrN7 being dynamically stable under ambient conditions and potentially as high energy density materials. The calculated energy densities for IrN4 and IrN7 are 1.3 kJ/g and 1.4 kJ/g, respectively, comparable to other transition metal nitrides. In addition, IrN4 is predicted to have good tensile (40.2 GPa) and shear strengths (33.2 GPa), as well as adequate hardness (20 GPa). Moderate pressure for synthesis and ambient pressure recoverability encourage experimental realization of these two compounds in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yansun Yao
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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7
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Cao CS, Hu HS, Li J, Schwarz WHE. Physical origin of chemical periodicities in the system of elements. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The Periodic Law, one of the great discoveries in human history, is magnificent in the art of chemistry. Different arrangements of chemical elements in differently shaped Periodic Tables serve for different purposes. “Can this Periodic Table be derived from quantum chemistry or physics?” can only be answered positively, if the internal structure of the Periodic Table is explicitly connected to facts and data from chemistry. Quantum chemical rationalization of such a Periodic Tables is achieved by explaining the details of energies and radii of atomic core and valence orbitals in the leading electron configurations of chemically bonded atoms. The coarse horizontal pseudo-periodicity in seven rows of 2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32, 32 members is triggered by the low energy of and large gap above the 1s and nsp valence shells (2 ≤ n ≤ 6 !). The pseudo-periodicity, in particular the wavy variation of the elemental properties in the four longer rows, is due to the different behaviors of the s and p vs. d and f pairs of atomic valence shells along the ordered array of elements. The so-called secondary or vertical periodicity is related to pseudo-periodic changes of the atomic core shells. The Periodic Law of the naturally given System of Elements describes the trends of the many chemical properties displayed inside the Chemical Periodic Tables. While the general physical laws of quantum mechanics form a simple network, their application to the unlimited field of chemical materials under ambient ‘human’ conditions results in a complex and somewhat accidental structure inside the Table that fits to some more or less symmetric outer shape. Periodic Tables designed after some creative concept for the overall appearance are of interest in non-chemical fields of wisdom and art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Su Cao
- Department of Chemistry , Theoretical Chemistry Center, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry , Theoretical Chemistry Center, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry , Theoretical Chemistry Center, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 China
- Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - W. H. Eugen Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry , Theoretical Chemistry Center, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 China
- Physical Chemistry Lab , S&T Faculty, Siegen University , Siegen 57068 Germany
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8
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Lin J, Zhao Z, Liu C, Zhang J, Du X, Yang G, Ma Y. IrF8 Molecular Crystal under High Pressure. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:5409-5414. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Lin
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xin Du
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics and International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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9
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Hu S, Li W, Lu J, Bao JL, Yu HS, Truhlar DG, Gibson JK, Marçalo J, Zhou M, Riedel S, Schwarz WHE, Li J. On the Upper Limits of Oxidation States in Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3242-3245. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Xian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Beijing Computer Science Research Center Haidian Beijing 100193 China
| | - Wan‐Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jun‐Bo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Chemical Theory Center, Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Haoyu S. Yu
- Chemical Theory Center, Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Chemical Theory Center, Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa 2695-066 Bobadela LRS Portugal
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Anorganische Chemie Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - W. H. Eugen Schwarz
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Lab Universität Siegen 57068 Siegen Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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10
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Hu S, Li W, Lu J, Bao JL, Yu HS, Truhlar DG, Gibson JK, Marçalo J, Zhou M, Riedel S, Schwarz WHE, Li J. Über Oxidationszahl‐Obergrenzen in der Chemie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Xian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Beijing Computer Science Research Center Haidian Beijing 100193 China
| | - Wan‐Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jun‐Bo Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Junwei Lucas Bao
- Chemical Theory Center Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Haoyu S. Yu
- Chemical Theory Center Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Chemical Theory Center Department of Chemistry, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa 2695-066 Bobadela LRS Portugal
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Anorganische Chemie Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - W. H. Eugen Schwarz
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Lab Universität Siegen 57068 Siegen Deutschland
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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11
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Chakrabarti S, Maikap S, Samanta S, Jana S, Roy A, Qiu JT. Scalable cross-point resistive switching memory and mechanism through an understanding of H 2O 2/glucose sensing using an IrO x/Al 2O 3/W structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:25938-25948. [PMID: 28933487 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The resistive switching characteristics of a scalable IrOx/Al2O3/W cross-point structure and its mechanism for pH/H2O2 sensing along with glucose detection have been investigated for the first time. Porous IrOx and Ir3+/Ir4+ oxidation states are observed via high-resolution transmission electron microscope, field-emission scanning electron spectroscopy, and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy. The 20 nm-thick IrOx devices in sidewall contact show consecutive long dc cycles at a low current compliance (CC) of 10 μA, multi-level operation with CC varying from 10 μA to 100 μA, and long program/erase endurance of >109 cycles with 100 ns pulse width. IrOx with a thickness of 2 nm in the IrOx/Al2O3/SiO2/p-Si structure has shown super-Nernstian pH sensitivity of 115 mV per pH, and detection of H2O2 over the range of 1-100 nM is also achieved owing to the porous and reduction-oxidation (redox) characteristics of the IrOx membrane, whereas a pure Al2O3/SiO2 membrane does not show H2O2 sensing. A simulation based on Schottky, hopping, and Fowler-Nordheim tunneling conduction, and a redox reaction, is proposed. The experimental I-V curve matches very well with simulation. The resistive switching mechanism is owing to O2- ion migration, and the redox reaction of Ir3+/Ir4+ at the IrOx/Al2O3 interface through H2O2 sensing as well as Schottky barrier height modulation is responsible. Glucose at a low concentration of 10 pM is detected using a completely new process in the IrOx/Al2O3/W cross-point structure. Therefore, this cross-point memory shows a method for low cost, scalable, memory with low current, multi-level operation, which will be useful for future highly dense three-dimensional (3D) memory and as a bio-sensor for the future diagnosis of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somsubhra Chakrabarti
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
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12
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Hu SX, Jian J, Su J, Wu X, Li J, Zhou M. Pentavalent lanthanide nitride-oxides: NPrO and NPrO - complexes with N≡Pr triple bonds. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4035-4043. [PMID: 28580119 PMCID: PMC5434915 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00710h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neutral molecule NPrO and its anion NPrO- are produced via co-condensation of laser-ablated praseodymium atoms with nitric oxide in a solid neon matrix. Combined infrared spectroscopy and state-of-the-art quantum chemical calculations confirm that both species are pentavalent praseodymium nitride-oxides with linear structures that contain Pr≡N triple bonds and Pr=O double bonds. Electronic structure studies show that the neutral NPrO molecule features a 4f0 electron configuration and a Pr(v) oxidation state similar to that of the isoelectronic PrO2+ ion, while its NPrO- anion possesses a 4f1 electron configuration and a Pr(iv) oxidation state. The neutral NPrO molecule is thus a rare lanthanide nitride-oxide species with a Pr(v) oxidation state, which follows the recent identification of the first Pr(v) oxidation state in the PrO2+ and PrO4 complexes (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2016, 55, 6896). This finding indicates that lanthanide compounds with oxidation states of higher than +IV are richer in chemistry than previously recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xian Hu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100094 , China.,Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Jiwen Jian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China .
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Xuan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China .
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China .
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials , Department of Chemistry , Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China .
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu S. Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu S. Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute University of Minnesota 207 Pleasant St. SE Minneapolis MN 55455-0431 USA
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15
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Zhang Q, Hu SX, Qu H, Su J, Wang G, Lu JB, Chen M, Zhou M, Li J. Pentavalent Lanthanide Compounds: Formation and Characterization of Praseodymium(V) Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6896-900. [PMID: 27100273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of lanthanides (Ln=La-Lu) is dominated by the low-valent +3 or +2 oxidation state because of the chemical inertness of the valence 4f electrons. The highest known oxidation state of the whole lanthanide series is +4 for Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb, and Dy. We report the formation of the lanthanide oxide species PrO4 and PrO2 (+) complexes in the gas phase and in a solid noble-gas matrix. Combined infrared spectroscopic and advanced quantum chemistry studies show that these species have the unprecedented Pr(V) oxidation state, thus demonstrating that the pentavalent state is viable for lanthanide elements in a suitable coordination environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shu-Xian Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hui Qu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jun-Bo Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Mohua Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Zhang Q, Hu SX, Qu H, Su J, Wang G, Lu JB, Chen M, Zhou M, Li J. Pentavalent Lanthanide Compounds: Formation and Characterization of Praseodymium(V) Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingnan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Shu-Xian Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Hui Qu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Guanjun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jun-Bo Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Mohua Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
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18
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Wilson AV, Nguyen T, Brosi F, Wang X, Andrews L, Riedel S, Bridgeman AJ, Young NA. A Matrix Isolation and Computational Study of Molecular Palladium Fluorides: Does PdF6 Exist? Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1108-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antony V. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Timothy Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Felix Brosi
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie−Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Lester Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie−Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische
Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse
21, D-79104 Freiburg
im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - Nigel A. Young
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
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Lu JB, Jian J, Huang W, Lin H, Li J, Zhou M. Experimental and theoretical identification of the Fe(vii) oxidation state in FeO4−. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:31125-31131. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06753k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two isomers of iron tetraoxygen anion, dioxoiron peroxide [(η2-O2)FeO2]− and tetroxide FeO4− were characterized by experiment and theoretical calculations, with heptavalent Fe(vii) oxidation state identified in the later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Jiwen Jian
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Hailu Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
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Pyykkö P, Xu WH. On the Extreme Oxidation States of Iridium. Chemistry 2015; 21:9468-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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