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Ahamad S, Abdulla M, Saquib M, Kamil Hussain M. Pseudo-Natural Products: Expanding chemical and biological space by surpassing natural constraints. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107525. [PMID: 38852308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the recent advancements in the design and synthesis of pseudo-natural products (pseudo-NPs) by employing innovative principles and strategies, heralding a transformative era in chemistry and biology. Pseudo-NPs, produced through in silico fragmentation and the de novo recombination of natural product fragments, reveal compounds endowed with distinct biological activities. Their advantage lies in transcending natural product structures, fostering diverse possibilities. Research in this area over the past decade has yielded unconventional combinations of natural product fragments, leading to the identification of novel compounds possessing unique scaffolds and biological significance, thereby contributing to the discovery of new therapeutics. The pseudo-NPs exert potent biological effects through various signaling pathways. In chemical biology and medicinal chemistry, designing pseudo-NPs is an important strategy, harnessing molecular hybridization and bioinspired synthesis to generate diverse compounds with remarkable biological activities, underscoring their immense potential in drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India.
| | - Mohd Abdulla
- Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow-226025, India
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211002, UP, India; Department of Chemistry, G. R. P. B. Degree College, P. R. S. University, Prayagraj (Allahabad), 211010, UP, India.
| | - Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur-244901, UP, India.
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2
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Che W, Wojitas L, Shan C, Lopchuk JM. Divergent synthesis of complex withanolides enabled by a scalable route and late-stage functionalization. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadp9375. [PMID: 38941454 PMCID: PMC11212736 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp9375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Withanolides are a group of naturally occurring C28 steroids based on an ergostane skeleton. They have a high degree of polyoxygenation, and the abundance of O-functional groups has enabled various natural alterations to both the carbocyclic skeleton and the side chain. Consequently, these molecules have intricate structural features that lead to their highly varied display of biological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating properties. Despite being intriguing leads for further discovery research, synthetic access to the withanolides remains highly challenging-compounds for current biological research are mainly isolated from plants, often inefficiently. Here, we report the divergent synthesis of 11 withanolides in 12 to 20 steps, enabled by a gram-scale route and a series of late-stage functionalizations, most notably a bioinspired photooxygenation-allylic hydroperoxide rearrangement sequence. This approach enables further biological research disconnected from a reliance on minute quantities of the parent natural products or their simple derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Che
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lukasz Wojitas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida; Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida; Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Justin M. Lopchuk
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida; Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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3
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Cigler M, Imrichova H, Frommelt F, Caramelle L, Depta L, Rukavina A, Kagiou C, Hannich JT, Mayor-Ruiz C, Superti-Furga G, Sievers S, Forrester A, Laraia L, Waldmann H, Winter GE. Orpinolide disrupts a leukemic dependency on cholesterol transport by inhibiting OSBP. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01614-4. [PMID: 38907113 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic alterations in cancer precipitate in associated dependencies that can be therapeutically exploited. To meet this goal, natural product-inspired small molecules can provide a resource of invaluable chemotypes. Here, we identify orpinolide, a synthetic withanolide analog with pronounced antileukemic properties, via orthogonal chemical screening. Through multiomics profiling and genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screens, we identify that orpinolide disrupts Golgi homeostasis via a mechanism that requires active phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate signaling at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi membrane interface. Thermal proteome profiling and genetic validation studies reveal the oxysterol-binding protein OSBP as the direct and phenotypically relevant target of orpinolide. Collectively, these data reaffirm sterol transport as a therapeutically actionable dependency in leukemia and motivate ensuing translational investigation via the probe-like compound orpinolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Cigler
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hana Imrichova
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Frommelt
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucie Caramelle
- Unit of Research of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Laura Depta
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrea Rukavina
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chrysanthi Kagiou
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Thomas Hannich
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristina Mayor-Ruiz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- IRB Barcelona-Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alison Forrester
- Unit of Research of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Luca Laraia
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Georg E Winter
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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4
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Lee H, Kim J, Koh M. Medium-Sized Ring Expansion Strategies: Enhancing Small-Molecule Library Development. Molecules 2024; 29:1562. [PMID: 38611841 PMCID: PMC11013129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The construction of a small molecule library that includes compounds with medium-sized rings is increasingly essential in drug discovery. These compounds are essential for identifying novel therapeutic agents capable of targeting "undruggable" targets through high-throughput and high-content screening, given their structural complexity and diversity. However, synthesizing medium-sized rings presents notable challenges, particularly with direct cyclization methods, due to issues such as transannular strain and reduced degrees of freedom. This review presents an overview of current strategies in synthesizing medium-sized rings, emphasizing innovative approaches like ring-expansion reactions. It highlights the challenges of synthesis and the potential of these compounds to diversify the chemical space for drug discovery, underscoring the importance of medium-sized rings in developing new bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwiyeong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jonghoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Integrative Institute of Basic Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea;
| | - Minseob Koh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea;
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5
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Alhakamy NA, Saquib M, Sanobar, Khan MF, Ansari WA, Arif DO, Irfan M, Khan MI, Hussain MK. Natural product-inspired synthesis of coumarin-chalcone hybrids as potential anti-breast cancer agents. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1231450. [PMID: 37745072 PMCID: PMC10511752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1231450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Twelve novel neo-tanshinlactone-chalcone hybrid molecules were constructed through a versatile methodology involving the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) olefination of 4-formyl-2H-benzo [h]chromen-2-ones and phosphonic acid diethyl esters, as the key step, and evaluated for anticancer activity against a series of four breast cancers and their related cell lines, viz. MCF-7 (ER + ve), MDA-MB-231 (ER-ve), HeLa (cervical cancer), and Ishikawa (endometrial cancer). The title compounds showed excellent to moderate in vitro anti-cancer activity in a range of 6.8-19.2 µM (IC50). Compounds 30 (IC50 = 6.8 µM and MCF-7; IC50 = 8.5 µM and MDA-MB-231) and 31 (IC50 = 14.4 µM and MCF-7; IC50 = 15.7 µM and MDA-MB-231) exhibited the best activity with compound 30 showing more potent activity than the standard drug tamoxifen. Compound 30 demonstrated a strong binding affinity with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in molecular docking studies. This is significant because TNFα is linked to MCF-7 cancer cell lines, and it enhances luminal breast cancer cell proliferation by upregulating aromatase. Additionally, virtual ADMET studies confirmed that hybrid compounds 30 and 31 met Lipinski's rule; displayed high bioavailability, excellent oral absorption, favorable albumin interactions, and strong penetration capabilities; and improved blood-brain barrier crossing. Based on the aforementioned results, compound 30 has been identified as a potential anti-breast cancer lead molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Sanobar
- Department of Chemistry, Government Raza Post Graduate College, Rampur, India
- M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Waseem Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Deema O. Arif
- Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Departments of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Government Raza Post Graduate College, Rampur, India
- M. J. P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
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6
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Meng FT, Wang YN, Qin XY, Li SJ, Li J, Hao WJ, Tu SJ, Lan Y, Jiang B. Azoarene activation for Schmidt-type reaction and mechanistic insights. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7393. [PMID: 36450750 PMCID: PMC9712421 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35141-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Schmidt rearrangement, a reaction that enables C-C or C-H σ bond cleavage and nitrogen insertion across an aldehyde or ketone substrate, is one of the most important and widely used synthetic tools for the installation of amides and nitriles. However, such a reaction frequently requires volatile, potentially explosive, and highly toxic azide reagents as the nitrogen donor, thus limiting its application to some extent. Here, we show a Schmidt-type reaction where aryldiazonium salts act as the nitrogen precursor and in-situ-generated cyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl acetates serve as pronucleophiles from gold-catalyzed Nazarov cyclization of 1,3-enyne acetates. Noteworthy is that cycloketone-derived 1,3-enyne acetates enabled ring-expansion relay to access a series of 2-pyridone-containing fused heterocycles, in which nonsymmetric cycloketone-derived counterparts demonstrated high regioselectivity. Aside from investigating the scope of this Schmidt-type reaction, mechanistic details of this transformation are provided by performing systematic theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Tao Meng
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qin
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, P. R. China.
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7
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Wesseler F, Lohmann S, Riege D, Halver J, Roth A, Pichlo C, Weber S, Takamiya M, Müller E, Ketzel J, Flegel J, Gihring A, Rastegar S, Bertrand J, Baumann U, Knippschild U, Peifer C, Sievers S, Waldmann H, Schade D. Phenotypic Discovery of Triazolo[1,5- c]quinazolines as a First-In-Class Bone Morphogenetic Protein Amplifier Chemotype. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15263-15281. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wesseler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Compound Management and Screening Center COMAS, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology (MPI), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Lohmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Riege
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Halver
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Aileen Roth
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Pichlo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabrina Weber
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Masanari Takamiya
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Eva Müller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jana Ketzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Flegel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Adrian Gihring
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center COMAS, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology (MPI), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Partner Site Kiel, DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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8
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Modulation of Hedgehog Signaling for the Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma and the Development of Preclinical Models. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102376. [PMID: 36289637 PMCID: PMC9598418 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. While the survivability of BCC is high, many patients are excluded from clinically available treatments due to health risks or personal choice. Further, patients with advanced or metastatic disease have severely limited treatment options. The dysregulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling cascade drives onset and progression of BCC. As such, the modulation of this pathway has driven advancements in BCC research. In this review, we focus firstly on inhibitors that target the Hh pathway as chemotherapeutics against BCC. Two therapies targeting Hh signaling have been made clinically available for BCC patients, but these treatments suffer from limited initial efficacy and a high rate of chemoresistant tumor recurrence. Herein, we describe more recent developments of chemical scaffolds that have been designed to hopefully improve upon the available therapeutics. We secondly discuss the history and recent efforts involving modulation of the Hh genome as a method of producing in vivo models of BCC for preclinical research. While there are many advancements left to be made towards improving patient outcomes with BCC, it is clear that targeting the Hh pathway will remain at the forefront of research efforts in designing more effective chemotherapeutics as well as relevant preclinical models.
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9
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Recent Advances in Divergent Synthetic Strategies for Indole-Based Natural Product Libraries. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072171. [PMID: 35408569 PMCID: PMC9000743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Considering the potential bioactivities of natural product and natural product-like compounds with highly complex and diverse structures, the screening of collections and small-molecule libraries for high-throughput screening (HTS) and high-content screening (HCS) has emerged as a powerful tool in the development of novel therapeutic agents. Herein, we review the recent advances in divergent synthetic approaches such as complexity-to-diversity (Ctd) and biomimetic strategies for the generation of structurally complex and diverse indole-based natural product and natural product-like small-molecule libraries.
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Sultana T, Okla MK, Ahmed M, Akhtar N, Al-Hashimi A, Abdelgawad H, Haq IU. Withaferin A: From Ancient Remedy to Potential Drug Candidate. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247696. [PMID: 34946778 PMCID: PMC8705790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA) is a pivotal withanolide that has conquered a conspicuous place in research, owning to its multidimensional biological properties. It is an abundant constituent in Withania somnifera Dunal. (Ashwagandha, WS) that is one of the prehistoric pivotal remedies in Ayurveda. This article reviews the literature about the pharmacological profile of WA with special emphasis on its anticancer aspect. We reviewed research publications concerning WA through four databases and provided a descriptive analysis of literature without statistical or qualitative analysis. WA has been found as an effective remedy with multifaceted mechanisms and a broad spectrum of pharmacological profiles. It has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiherpetic, antifibrotic, antiplatelet, profibrinolytic, immunosuppressive, antipigmentation, antileishmanial, and healing potentials. Evidence for wide pharmacological actions of WA has been established by both in vivo and in vitro studies. Further, the scientific literature accentuates the role of WA harboring a variable therapeutic spectrum for integrative cancer chemoprevention and cure. WA is a modern drug from traditional medicine that is necessary to be advanced to clinical trials for advocating its utility as a commercial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan;
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Hamada Abdelgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
| | - Ihsan-ul- Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
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11
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Furiassi L, Tonogai EJ, Hergenrother PJ. Limonin as a Starting Point for the Construction of Compounds with High Scaffold Diversity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16119-16128. [PMID: 33973348 PMCID: PMC8260459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Structurally complex natural products have been a fruitful source for the discovery and development of new drugs. In an effort to construct a compound collection populated by architecturally complex members with unique scaffolds, we have used the natural product limonin as a starting point. Limonin is an abundant triterpenoid natural product and, through alteration of its heptacyclic core ring system using short synthetic sequences, a collection of 98 compounds was created, including multiple members with novel ring systems. The reactions leveraged in the construction of these compounds include novel ring cleavage, rearrangements, and cyclizations, and this work is highlighted by the discovery of a novel B-ring cleavage reaction, a unique B/C-ring rearrangement, an atypical D-ring cyclization, among others. Computational analysis shows that 52 different scaffolds/ring systems were produced during the course of this work, of which 36 are unprecedented. Phenotypic screening and structure-activity relationships identified compounds with activity against a panel of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Furiassi
- Department of Chemistry, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Emily J Tonogai
- Department of Chemistry, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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12
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Furiassi L, Tonogai EJ, Hergenrother PJ. Limonin as a Starting Point for the Construction of Compounds with High Scaffold Diversity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Furiassi
- Department of Chemistry Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Emily J. Tonogai
- Department of Chemistry Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
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13
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Bonandi E, Mori M, Infante P, Basili I, Di Marcotullio L, Calcaterra A, Catti F, Botta B, Passarella D. Design and Synthesis of New Withaferin A Inspired Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors. Chemistry 2021; 27:8350-8357. [PMID: 33811701 PMCID: PMC8251939 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Withanolides constitute a well-known family of plant-based alkaloids characterised by widespread biological properties, including the ability of interfering with Hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway. Following our interest in natural products and in anticancer compounds, we report here the synthesis of a new class of Hh signalling pathway inhibitors, inspired by withaferin A, the first isolated member of withanolides. The decoration of our scaffolds was rationally supported by in silico studies, while functional evaluation revealed promising candidates, confirming once again the importance of natural products as inspiration source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. A stereoselective approach, based on Brown chemistry, allowed the obtainment and the functional evaluation of the enantiopure hit compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bonandi
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy Università degli Studi di SienaVia Aldo Moro 253100SienaItaly
| | - Paola Infante
- Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomeItaly
| | - Irene Basili
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La Sapienza, RomaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity La Sapienza, RomaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineUniversity La SapienzaViale Regina Elena 29100161RomaItaly
| | - Andrea Calcaterra
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsUniversity La Sapienza, RomaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly
| | - Federica Catti
- Arkansas State UniversityCampus Querétaro Carretera Estatal 100, km 17.5. C.P.76270 Municipio de ColónQuerétaroMéxico
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of DrugsUniversity La Sapienza, RomaPiazzale Aldo Moro 500185RomeItaly
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
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14
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Motika SE, Hergenrother PJ. Re-engineering natural products to engage new biological targets. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1395-1403. [PMID: 33034322 PMCID: PMC7720426 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00059k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2020 Natural products have a long history in drug discovery, with their inherent biological activity often tailored by medicinal chemists to arrive at the final drug product. This process is illustrated by numerous examples, including the conversion of epothilone to ixabepilone, erythromycin to azithromycin, and lovastatin to simvastatin. However, natural products are also fruitful starting points for the creation of complex and diverse compounds, especially those that are markedly different from the parent natural product and accordingly do not retain the biological activity of the parent. The resulting products have physiochemical properties that differ considerably when compared to traditional screening collections, thus affording an opportunity to discover novel biological activity. The synthesis of new structural frameworks from natural products thus yields value-added compounds, as demonstrated in the last several years with multiple biological discoveries emerging from these collections. This Highlight details a handful of these studies, describing new compounds derived from natural products that have biological activity and cellular targets different from those evoked/engaged by the parent. Such re-engineering of natural products offers the potential for discovering compounds with interesting and unexpected biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Motika
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
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15
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Hippman RS, Pavlinov I, Gao Q, Mavlyanova MK, Gerlach EM, Aldrich LN. Multiple Chemical Features Impact Biological Performance Diversity of a Highly Active Natural Product-Inspired Library. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3137-3145. [PMID: 32558167 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A systematic, diversity-oriented synthesis approach was employed to access a natural product-inspired flavonoid library with diverse chemical features, including chemical properties, scaffold, stereochemistry, and appendages. Using Cell Painting, the effects of these diversity elements were evaluated, and multiple chemical features that predict biological performance diversity were identified. Scaffold identity appears to be the dominant predictor of performance diversity, but stereochemistry and appendages also contribute to a lesser degree. In addition, the diversity of chemical properties contributed to performance diversity, and the driving chemical property was dependent on the scaffold. These results highlight the importance of key chemical features that may inform the creation of small-molecule, performance-diverse libraries to improve the efficiency and success of high-throughput screening campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Hippman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Ivan Pavlinov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Qiwen Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Michelle K Mavlyanova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Erica M Gerlach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Leslie N Aldrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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16
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Grigalunas M, Burhop A, Christoforow A, Waldmann H. Pseudo-natural products and natural product-inspired methods in chemical biology and drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 56:111-118. [PMID: 32362382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Through evolution, nature has provided natural products (NPs) as a rich source of diverse bioactive material. Many drug discovery programs have used nature as an inspiration for the design of NP-like compound classes. These concepts are guided by the prevalidated biological relevance of NPs while going beyond the limitations of nature to produce chemical matter that could have unexpected or novel bioactivities. Herein, we discuss, compare, and highlight recent examples of NP-inspired methods with a focus on the pseudo-NP concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grigalunas
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Annina Burhop
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Christoforow
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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17
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Laroche B, Bouvarel T, Louis-Sylvestre M, Nay B. Diversity-oriented synthesis of 17-spirosteroids. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:880-887. [PMID: 32461769 PMCID: PMC7214869 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) approach has been used to functionalize 17-ethynyl-17-hydroxysteroids through a one-pot procedure involving a ring-closing enyne metathesis (RCEYM) and a Diels–Alder reaction on the resulting diene, under microwave irradiations. Taking advantage of the propargyl alcohol moiety present on commercially available steroids, this classical strategy was applied to mestranol and lynestrenol, giving a collection of new complex 17-spirosteroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Laroche
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Bouvarel
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Martin Louis-Sylvestre
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - Bastien Nay
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France.,Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, ENSTA, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau Cedex, France
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18
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Cremosnik GS, Liu J, Waldmann H. Guided by evolution: from biology oriented synthesis to pseudo natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1497-1510. [DOI: 10.1039/d0np00015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview and historical context to two concepts for the design of natural product-inspired compound libraries and highlights the used synthetic methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor S. Cremosnik
- Department of Chemical Biology
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology
- 44227 Dortmund
- Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology
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19
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Dantas RF, Evangelista TCS, Neves BJ, Senger MR, Andrade CH, Ferreira SB, Silva-Junior FP. Dealing with frequent hitters in drug discovery: a multidisciplinary view on the issue of filtering compounds on biological screenings. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1269-1282. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1654453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Ferreira Dantas
- LaBECFar – Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental e Computacional de Fármacos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tereza Cristina Santos Evangelista
- LaSOPB – Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Prospecção Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno Junior Neves
- LabChem – Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Centro Universitário de Anápolis, UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Mario Roberto Senger
- LaBECFar – Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental e Computacional de Fármacos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Horta Andrade
- LabMol – Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Baptista Ferreira
- LaSOPB – Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica e Prospecção Biológica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Floriano Paes Silva-Junior
- LaBECFar – Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental e Computacional de Fármacos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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20
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Abstract
Natural products (NPs) are important sources of clinical drugs due to their structural diversity and biological prevalidation. However, the structural complexity of NPs leads to synthetic difficulties, unfavorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and poor drug-likeness. Structural simplification by truncating unnecessary substructures is a powerful strategy for overcoming these limitations and improving the efficiency and success rate of NP-based drug development. Herein, we will provide a comprehensive review of the structural simplification of NPs with a focus on design strategies, case studies, and new technologies. In particular, a number of successful examples leading to marketed drugs or drug candidates will be discussed in detail to illustrate how structural simplification is applied in lead optimization of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai , 200433 , P.R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Fourth Military Medical University , 169 Changle West Road , Xi'an , 710032 , P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai , 200433 , P.R. China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , 325 Guohe Road , Shanghai , 200433 , P.R. China
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21
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Pavlinov I, Gerlach EM, Aldrich LN. Next generation diversity-oriented synthesis: a paradigm shift from chemical diversity to biological diversity. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1608-1623. [PMID: 30328455 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Diversity-oriented synthesis adds biological performance as a new diversity element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Pavlinov
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Department of Chemistry
- 845 West Taylor Street
- USA
| | - Erica M. Gerlach
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Department of Chemistry
- 845 West Taylor Street
- USA
| | - Leslie N. Aldrich
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Department of Chemistry
- 845 West Taylor Street
- USA
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22
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Silva DG, Emery FDS. Strategies towards expansion of chemical space of natural product-based compounds to enable drug discovery. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227- Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227- Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät Chemie, Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 Dortmund 44221 Germany
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24
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Karvande A, Khan S, Khan I, Singh D, Khedgikar V, Kushwaha P, Ahmad N, Kothari P, Dhasmana A, Kant R, Trivedi R, Chauhan PMS. Discovery of a tetrazolyl β-carboline with in vitro and in vivo osteoprotective activity under estrogen-deficient conditions. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1213-1225. [PMID: 30109010 PMCID: PMC6072419 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Carbolines have been assessed for osteoclastogenesis. However, their effect on osteoblasts during estrogen deficiency is still unclear. Here, a series of novel piperazine and tetrazole tag β-carbolines have been synthesized and examined for osteoblast differentiation in vitro. In vitro data suggest that compound 8g is the most promising osteoblast differentiating agent that was evaluated for in vivo studies. Compound 8g promoted osteoblast mineralization, stimulated Runx2, BMP-2 and OCN expression levels, increased BrdU incorporation and inhibited generation of free radicals as well as nitric oxide. Since a piperazine group is involved in bone repair activity and β-carboline in IκB kinase (IKK) inhibition, compound 8g inhibited tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) directed IκBα phosphorylation, preventing nuclear translocation of NF-κB thereby alleviating osteoblast apoptosis. In vivo studies show that compound 8g was able to restore estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in ovariectomized rats without any toxicity, thus signifying its potential in bone-protection chemotherapy under postmenopausal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudha Karvande
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Chemistry Division , BHUPAL NOBLES' UNIVERSITY , Udaipur-313001 , India
| | - Irfan Khan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
| | - Deepti Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
| | - Vikram Khedgikar
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Priyanka Kushwaha
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Priyanka Kothari
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Research Himalayan School of Bio sciences , Swami Rama Himalayan University , Dehradun , India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Central Drug Research Institute , CSIR , Lucknow 226031 , India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow , 226031 , India .
| | - Prem M S Chauhan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow-226031 , U.P , India .
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25
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26
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Gregg ZR, Griffiths JR, Diver ST. Conformational Control of Initiation Rate in Hoveyda–Grubbs Precatalysts. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zackary R. Gregg
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Justin R. Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Steven T. Diver
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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27
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Reagent-controlled regiodivergent ring expansions of steroids. Nat Commun 2018; 9:934. [PMID: 29507290 PMCID: PMC5838248 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ring expansion provides a powerful way of introducing a heteroatom substituent into a carbocyclic framework. However, such reactions are often limited by the tendency of a given substrate to afford only one of the two rearrangement products or fail to achieve high selectivity at all. These limitations are particularly acute when seeking to carry out late-stage functionalization of natural products as starting points in drug discovery. In this work, we present a stereoelectronically controlled ring expansion sequence towards selective and flexible access to complementary ring systems derived from common steroidal substrates. Chemical diversification of the reaction intermediate affords over 100 isomerically pure analogs with spatial and functional diversity. This regiodivergent rearrangement, and the concept of using chiral reagents to affect regiocontrol in chiral natural products, should be broadly applicable to late-stage natural product diversification programs. Late-stage diversification of natural products is an important starting point for drug discovery. Here, the authors use chiral reagents to perform the regiocontrolled ring expansion of steroid precursors and achieve more than 100 isomerically pure analogs with spatial and functional diversity.
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28
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Khatra H, Khan PP, Pattanayak S, Bhadra J, Rather B, Chakrabarti S, Saha T, Sinha S. Hedgehog Antagonist Pyrimidine-Indole Hybrid Molecule Inhibits Ciliogenesis through Microtubule Destabilisation. Chembiochem 2018; 19:723-735. [PMID: 29363254 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the crucial regulators of embryonic patterning and tissue development is the Hedgehog-glioma (Hh-Gli) signalling pathway; its uncontrolled activation has been implicated in different types of cancer in adult tissues. Primary cilium is one of the important factors required for the activation of Hh signalling, as it brings the critical components together for key protein-protein interactions required for Hh pathway regulation. Most of the synthetic and natural small molecule modulators of the pathway primarily antagonise Smoothened (Smo) or other effectors like Hh ligand or Gli. Here, we report a previously described Hh antagonist, with a pyrimidine-indole hybrid (PIH) core structure, as an inhibitor of ciliogenesis. The compound is unique in its mode of action, as it shows perturbation of microtubule dynamics in both cell-based assays and in vivo systems (zebrafish embryos). Further studies revealed that the probable targets are α-tubulin and its acetylated form, found in the cytoplasm and primary cilia. PIH also showed axonal defasiculation in developing zebrafish embryos. We thus propose that PIH antagonises Hh signalling by repressing cilia biogenesis and disassembling α-tubulin from its stabilised form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Khatra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Pragya Paramita Khan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sankha Pattanayak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Jhuma Bhadra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Bilal Rather
- Structural Biology and Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bio-Informatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - Taniya Saha
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700 009, India
| | - Surajit Sinha
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
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29
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He L, Jiang Y, Liu K, Gomez-Murcia V, Ma X, Torrecillas A, Chen Q, Zhu X, Lesnefsky E, Gomez-Fernandez JC, Xu B, Zhang S. Insights into the Impact of a Membrane-Anchoring Moiety on the Biological Activities of Bivalent Compounds As Potential Neuroprotectants for Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2018; 61:777-790. [PMID: 29271648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bivalent compounds anchoring in different manners to the membrane were designed and biologically characterized to understand the contribution of the anchor moiety to their biological activity as neuroprotectants for Alzheimer's disease. Our results established that the anchor moiety is essential, and we identified a preference for diosgenin, as evidenced by 17MD. Studies in primary neurons and mouse brain mitochondria also identified 17MD as exhibiting activity on neuritic outgrowth and the state 3 oxidative rate of glutamate while preserving the coupling capacity of the mitochondria. Significantly, our studies demonstrated that the integrated bivalent structure is essential to the observed biological activities. Further studies employing bivalent compounds as probes in a model membrane also revealed the influence of the anchor moiety on how they interact with the membrane. Collectively, our results suggest diosgenin to be an optimal anchor moiety, providing bivalent compounds with promising pharmacology that have potential applications for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Victoria Gomez-Murcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia , Murcia, 30080, Spain
| | - Xiaopin Ma
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Alejandro Torrecillas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia , Murcia, 30080, Spain
| | | | - Xiongwei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | | | - Juan C Gomez-Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia , Murcia, 30080, Spain
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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30
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The potential role of in silico approaches to identify novel bioactive molecules from natural resources. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1665-1686. [PMID: 28841048 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, integration of in silico approaches to natural product (NP) research reawakened the declined interest in NP-based drug discovery efforts. In particular, advancements in cheminformatics enabled comparison of NP databases with contemporary small-molecule libraries in terms of molecular properties and chemical space localizations. Virtual screening and target fishing approaches were successful in recognizing the untold macromolecular targets for NPs to exploit the unmet therapeutic needs. Developments in molecular docking and scoring methods along with molecular dynamics enabled to predict the target-ligand interactions more accurately taking into consideration the remarkable structural complexity of NPs. Hence, innovative in silico strategies have contributed valuably to the NP research in drug discovery processes as reviewed herein. [Formula: see text].
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31
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Sheremet M, Kapoor S, Schröder P, Kumar K, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Small Molecules Inspired by the Natural Product Withanolides as Potent Inhibitors of Wnt Signaling. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1797-1806. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sheremet
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Present address: Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Present address; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; Powai Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India
| | - Peter Schröder
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung; Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Technische Universität Dortmund; Otto-Hahn Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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Xu H, Laraia L, Schneider L, Louven K, Strohmann C, Antonchick AP, Waldmann H. Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Vinylogous Propargylation of Coumarins Yields a Class of Autophagy Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Luca Laraia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kathrin Louven
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Anorganische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Anorganische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Andrey P. Antonchick
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie and Chemische Biologie; Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Science; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street 117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie and Chemische Biologie; Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
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33
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Xu H, Laraia L, Schneider L, Louven K, Strohmann C, Antonchick AP, Waldmann H. Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Vinylogous Propargylation of Coumarins Yields a Class of Autophagy Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11232-11236. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Luca Laraia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kathrin Louven
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Anorganische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Anorganische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Andrey P. Antonchick
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie and Chemische Biologie; Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Faculty of Science; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street 117198 Moscow Russia
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie; Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie and Chemische Biologie; Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
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Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of a Compound Collection Based on the Bicyclic Scaffolds of Natural Products. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050827. [PMID: 28524077 PMCID: PMC6153746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great contribution of natural products in the history of successful drug discovery, there are significant limitations that persuade the pharmaceutical industry to evade natural products in drug discovery research. The extreme scarcity as well as structural complexity of natural products renders their practical synthetic access and further modifications extremely challenging. Although other alternative technologies, particularly combinatorial chemistry, were embraced by the pharmaceutical industry to get quick access to a large number of small molecules with simple frameworks that often lack three-dimensional complexity, hardly any success was achieved in the discovery of lead molecules. To acquire chemotypes beholding structural features of natural products, for instance high sp³ character, the synthesis of compound collections based on core-scaffolds of natural products presents a promising strategy. Here, we report a natural product inspired synthesis of six different chemotypes and their derivatives for drug discovery research. These bicyclic hetero- and carbocyclic scaffolds are highly novel, rich in sp³ features and with ideal physicochemical properties to display drug likeness. The functional groups on the scaffolds were exploited further to generate corresponding compound collections. Synthesis of two of these collections exemplified with ca. 350 compounds are each also presented. The whole compound library is being exposed to various biological screenings within the European Lead Factory consortium.
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35
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Tahara T, Streit U, Pelish HE, Shair MD. STAT3 Inhibitory Activity of Structurally Simplified Withaferin A Analogues. Org Lett 2017; 19:1538-1541. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Tahara
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Ursula Streit
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Henry E. Pelish
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Matthew D. Shair
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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36
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Paciaroni NG, Ratnayake R, Matthews JH, Norwood VM, Arnold AC, Dang LH, Luesch H, Huigens RW. A Tryptoline Ring-Distortion Strategy Leads to Complex and Diverse Biologically Active Molecules from the Indole Alkaloid Yohimbine. Chemistry 2017; 23:4327-4335. [PMID: 27900785 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput screening (HTS) is the primary driver to current drug-discovery efforts. New therapeutic agents that enter the market are a direct reflection of the structurally simple compounds that make up screening libraries. Unlike medically relevant natural products (e.g., morphine), small molecules currently being screened have a low fraction of sp3 character and few, if any, stereogenic centers. Although simple compounds have been useful in drugging certain biological targets (e.g., protein kinases), more sophisticated targets (e.g., transcription factors) have largely evaded the discovery of new clinical agents from screening collections. Herein, a tryptoline ring-distortion strategy is described that enables the rapid synthesis of 70 complex and diverse compounds from yohimbine (1); an indole alkaloid. The compounds that were synthesized had architecturally complex and unique scaffolds, unlike 1 and other scaffolds. These compounds were subjected to phenotypic screens and reporter gene assays, leading to the identification of new compounds that possessed various biological activities, including antiproliferative activities against cancer cells with functional hypoxia-inducible factors, nitric oxide inhibition, and inhibition and activation of the antioxidant response element. This tryptoline ring-distortion strategy can begin to address diversity problems in screening libraries, while occupying biologically relevant chemical space in areas critical to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Paciaroni
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - James H Matthews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Austin C Arnold
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Long H Dang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Robert W Huigens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Center for Natural Product Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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37
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Laraia L, Ohsawa K, Konstantinidis G, Robke L, Wu YW, Kumar K, Waldmann H. Discovery of Novel Cinchona-Alkaloid-Inspired Oxazatwistane Autophagy Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Laraia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kosuke Ohsawa
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Georgios Konstantinidis
- Chemical Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society; Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Lucas Robke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Yao-Wen Wu
- Chemical Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society; Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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38
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Laraia L, Ohsawa K, Konstantinidis G, Robke L, Wu YW, Kumar K, Waldmann H. Discovery of Novel Cinchona-Alkaloid-Inspired Oxazatwistane Autophagy Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2145-2150. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Laraia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kosuke Ohsawa
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Georgios Konstantinidis
- Chemical Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society; Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Lucas Robke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Yao-Wen Wu
- Chemical Genomics Center of the Max Planck Society; Otto-Hahn-Str. 15 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Department of Chemical Biology; Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität Dortmund; Fakultät Chemie und Chemische Biologie; Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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Deng H, He FS, Li CS, Yang WL, Deng WP. Enantioselective construction of tricyclic pyrrolidine-fused benzo[b]thiophene 1,1-dioxide derivatives via copper(i)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00640c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile Cu(i)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is developed, affording chiral tricyclic pyrrolidine-fused benzo[b]thiophene derivatives in excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Deng
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Sheng He
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Shan Li
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Lin Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- School of Pharmacy and Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- People's Republic of China
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40
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Feng L, Liu Y, Hou B, Yuan Z, Yu FC, Yan T, Qin Q, Ji R, Li YM, Shen Y, Zuo ZL. Hydrogen bonding-promoted efficient Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis of demanding homoallyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylates. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:10705-10713. [PMID: 27805220 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient hydrogen bonding-guided ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction of sterically demanding homoallyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylates catalyzed by the Hoveyda-Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst was developed and the reaction mechanism was explored. Adding a substituent to the hydroxymethyl group in this scaffold resulted in a class of challenging RCM substrates, although usable yields could be obtained. However, substrates bearing a 1-oxygenated alkyl group on the homoallylic carbon gave excellent RCM yields, providing a practical solution. Experimental and computational evidence indicated an unusual directing effect of OHCl hydrogen bonding between the substrate and Ru catalyst, which guides Ru to interact with the electron-deficient, more hindered acrylic C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond and thus triggers the RCM process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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41
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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42
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Khatra H, Kundu J, Khan PP, Duttagupta I, Pattanayak S, Sinha S. Piperazic acid derivatives inhibit Gli1 in Hedgehog signaling pathway. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4423-4426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Schröder P, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Kumar K, Waldmann H. Synthesis of an Iridoid-Inspired Compound Collection and Discovery of Autophagy Inhibitors. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10242-10255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schröder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonathan O. Bauer
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straßa 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straßa 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straßa 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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44
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Lin R, Guan YZ, Li RJ, Xu XM, Luo JG, Kong LY. 13,14-seco-Withanolides fromPhysalis minimawith Potential Anti-inflammatory Activity. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:884-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Zhou Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Rui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry; China Pharmaceutical University; 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 P. R. China
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45
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Stotani S, Lorenz C, Winkler M, Medda F, Picazo E, Ortega Martinez R, Karawajczyk A, Sanchez-Quesada J, Giordanetto F. Design and Synthesis of Fsp(3)-Rich, Bis-Spirocyclic-Based Compound Libraries for Biological Screening. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2016; 18:330-6. [PMID: 27163646 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.6b00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The exploration of innovative chemical space is a critical step in the early phases of drug discovery. Bis-spirocyclic frameworks occur in natural products and other biologically relevant metabolites and show attractive features, such as molecular compactness, structural complexity, and three-dimensional character. A concise approach to the synthesis of bis-spirocyclic-based compound libraries starting from readily available commercial reagents and robust chemical transformations has been developed. A number of novel bis-spirocyclic scaffold examples, as implemented in the European Lead Factory project, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Stotani
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Lorenz
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias Winkler
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Federico Medda
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Edwige Picazo
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Raquel Ortega Martinez
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anna Karawajczyk
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jorge Sanchez-Quesada
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Giordanetto
- Medicinal Chemistry, Taros Chemicals GmbH & Co. KG, Emil-Figge-Strasse 76a, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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46
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Griffiths JR, Keister JB, Diver ST. From Resting State to the Steady State: Mechanistic Studies of Ene-Yne Metathesis Promoted by the Hoveyda Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5380-91. [PMID: 27076098 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of intermolecular ene-yne metathesis (EYM) with the Hoveyda precatalyst (Ru1) has been studied. For 1-hexene metathesis with 2-benzoyloxy-3-butyne, the experimental rate law was determined to be first-order in 1-hexene (0.3-4 M), first-order in initial catalyst concentration, and zero-order for the terminal alkyne. At low catalyst concentrations (0.1 mM), the rate of precatalyst initiation was observed by UV-vis and the alkyne disappearance was observed by in situ FT-IR. Comparison of the rate of precatalyst initiation and the rate of EYM shows that a low, steady-state concentration of active catalyst is rapidly produced. Application of steady-state conditions to the carbene intermediates provided a rate treatment that fit the experimental rate law. Starting from a ruthenium alkylidene complex, competition between 2-isopropoxystyrene and 1-hexene gave a mixture of 2-isopropoxyarylidene and pentylidene species, which were trappable by the Buchner reaction. By varying the relative concentration of these alkenes, 2-isopropoxystyrene was found to be 80 times more effective than 1-hexene in production of their respective Ru complexes. Buchner-trapping of the initiation of Ru1 with excess 1-hexene after 50% loss of Ru1 gave 99% of the Buchner-trapping product derived from precatalyst Ru1. For the initiation process, this shows that there is an alkene-dependent loss of precatalyst Ru1, but this does not directly produce the active catalyst. A faster initiating precatalyst for alkene metathesis gave similar rates of EYM. Buchner-trapping of ene-yne metathesis failed to deliver any products derived from Buchner insertion, consistent with rapid decomposition of carbene intermediates under ene-yne conditions. An internal alkyne, 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyne, was found to obey a different rate law. Finally, the second-order rate constant for ene-yne metathesis was compared to that previously determined by the Grubbs second-generation carbene complex: Ru1 was found to promote ene-yne metathesis 62 times faster at the same initial precatalyst concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jerome B Keister
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Steven T Diver
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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47
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Rodrigues T, Reker D, Schneider P, Schneider G. Counting on natural products for drug design. Nat Chem 2016; 8:531-41. [PMID: 27219696 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 756] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural products and their molecular frameworks have a long tradition as valuable starting points for medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Recently, there has been a revitalization of interest in the inclusion of these chemotypes in compound collections for screening and achieving selective target modulation. Here we discuss natural-product-inspired drug discovery with a focus on recent advances in the design of synthetically tractable small molecules that mimic nature's chemistry. We highlight the potential of innovative computational tools in processing structurally complex natural products to predict their macromolecular targets and attempt to forecast the role that natural-product-derived fragments and fragment-like natural products will play in next-generation drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Rodrigues
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Reker
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schneider
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,inSili.com LLC, Segantinisteig 3, 8049 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gisbert Schneider
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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Li H, Korotkov A, Chapman CW, Eastman A, Wu J. Enantioselective Formal Syntheses of 11 Nuphar Alkaloids and Discovery of Potent Apoptotic Monomeric Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry; Dartmouth College; Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | | | - Charles W. Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Geisel School of Medicine; Lebanon NH 03756 USA
| | - Alan Eastman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Geisel School of Medicine; Lebanon NH 03756 USA
| | - Jimmy Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Dartmouth College; Hanover NH 03755 USA
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49
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Li H, Korotkov A, Chapman CW, Eastman A, Wu J. Enantioselective Formal Syntheses of 11 Nuphar Alkaloids and Discovery of Potent Apoptotic Monomeric Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3509-13. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry; Dartmouth College; Hanover NH 03755 USA
| | | | - Charles W. Chapman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Geisel School of Medicine; Lebanon NH 03756 USA
| | - Alan Eastman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Geisel School of Medicine; Lebanon NH 03756 USA
| | - Jimmy Wu
- Department of Chemistry; Dartmouth College; Hanover NH 03755 USA
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50
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Sugimoto K, Yajima H, Hayashi Y, Minato D, Terasaki S, Tohda C, Matsuya Y. Synthesis of Denosomin-Vitamin D3 Hybrids and Evaluation of Their Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activities. Org Lett 2015; 17:5910-3. [PMID: 26588585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
As an extension of previously conducted studies on developing an anti-Alzheimer's disease agent, denosomin (1-deoxy-24-norsominone, an artificial inducer of neurite elongation), derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the hypothesis that our denosomin would exhibit axonal extension activity via a 1,25D(3)-membrane-associated, rapid response steroid-binding protein (1,25D(3)-MARRS) pathway. The biological assay revealed that the hybridization of characteristic δ-lactone in denosomin and the triene moiety in VD(3) was effective to enhance the nerve re-extension activity in amyloid β (Aβ)-damaged neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hisanari Yajima
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Daishiro Minato
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Sayuri Terasaki
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tohda
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuya
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and ‡Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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