1
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Peng ER, Burke AM, Dibble DJ, Kc CB, Kurakake R, Liu P, Lopez R, Dennison PR, Gorodetsky AA. An aza-Diels-Alder approach to nitrogen-containing tetrabenzoacene derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:28475-28486. [PMID: 39247507 PMCID: PMC11378750 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07136g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acenes and N-heteroacenes have been synthesized and studied for over a century because of their fundamentally interesting materials properties and promise for device applications. Within this context, our laboratory has previously synthesized nitrogen-containing tetrabenzo[de,hi,op,st]pentacenes via an aza-Diels-Alder reaction-based approach, and herein, we expand our methodology to obtain substituted, expanded, functionalized, and dimeric tetrabenzoacenes. Overall, our study adds to the limited number of tetrabenzoacene derivatives reported to date and may open further opportunities for these materials in organic optoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan R Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Anthony M Burke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - David J Dibble
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Chandra B Kc
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Reina Kurakake
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Panyiming Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Robert Lopez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Philip R Dennison
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
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2
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Liu X, Jin Z, Qiu F, Guo Y, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang L. Hexabenzoheptacene: A Longitudinally Multihelicene Nanocarbon with Local Aromaticity and Enhanced Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407547. [PMID: 38725308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a longitudinally helical molecular nanocarbon, hexabenzoheptacene (HBH), along with its dimethylated derivative (HBH-Me), which are composed of six benzene rings periodically benzannulated to both zigzag edges of a heptacene core. This benzannulation pattern endows the resulting nanocarbons with a helical heptacene core and local aromaticity, imparting enhanced solubility and stability to the system. The chiral HBH-Me adopts a more highly twisted conformation with an end-to-end twist angle of 95°, enabling the separation of the enantiomers. Both HBH and HBH-Me can be facilely oxidized into their corresponding dications, which exhibit enhanced planarity and aromaticity upon loss of electrons. Notably, both longitudinally helical nanocarbons readily promote solid state packing into two-dimensional (2D) arrangement. Single-crystal microbelts of HBH-Me show hole mobility up to 0.62 cm2 V-1 s-1, illustrating the promising potential of these longitudinally helical molecules for organic electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiong Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fei Qiu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Guo
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry and Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformation, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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3
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Schundelmeier S, Tönshoff C, Göttler A, Einholz R, Schubert H, Bettinger HF, Speiser B. Limited Stability of 6,13-Bis(tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl)pentacene upon One-Electron Oxidation: Electrochemically Induced (4 + 2) Cycloaddition between an Alkynyl-Substituted Acene and Its Radical Cation. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1364-1377. [PMID: 36637334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
6,13-Bis(tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl)pentacene, a particularly stable acene derivative important for (opto)electronic materials, turns reactive upon electrochemical one-electron oxidation. One of the typically stabilizing tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl substituents becomes involved in a (4 + 2) cycloaddition after redox umpolung. The electrosynthetic dimerization of the title compound provides easy access under mild conditions to a complex scaffold, which includes an intact pentacene, an anthracene, and a phenylene unit, all electronically separated. The product's electrochemical redox properties are explained by superimposed cyclic voltammetric features of the pentacene and the anthracene moieties. The reaction path is analyzed on the basis of electroanalytical and ESR data, and an oxidation-cycloaddition-reduction sequence is elaborated. The contribution of homogeneous electron transfers (electron transfer chain reaction) is negligible, in accordance with the relative formal redox potentials of the starting compound and the product. Quantum chemical calculations indicate that the central cycloaddition should be described as a two-step process with a distonic radical cation intermediate. We suggest an extended notation to define the contribution of the components with respect to electron count in the two-step cycloaddition, [3 + 1, 1 + 1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schundelmeier
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christina Tönshoff
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Göttler
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Einholz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Holger F Bettinger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Speiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076Tübingen, Germany
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4
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Li Z, Tang Y, Guo J, Zhang J, Deng M, Xiao W, Li F, Yao Y, Xie S, Yang K, Zeng Z. Stair-like narrow N-doped nanographene with unusual diradical character at the topological interface. Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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5
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Valentini C, Gowland D, Bezzu CG, Romito D, Demitri N, Bonini N, Bonifazi D. Customising excitation properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by rational positional heteroatom doping: the peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) case. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6335-6347. [PMID: 35733908 PMCID: PMC9159094 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01038k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we tackle the challenge of gaining control of the photophysical properties of PAHs through a site-specific N-doping within the structural aromatic framework. By developing a simple predictive tool that identifies C(sp2)-positions that if substituted with a heteroatom would tailor the changes in the absorption and emission spectral envelopes, we predict optimal substitutional patterns for the model peri-xanthenoxanthene (PXX) PAH. Specifically, TDDFT calculations of the electron density difference between the S1 excited state and S0 ground state of PXX allowed us to identify the subtleties in the role of sites i.e., electron donating or withdrawing character on excitation. The replacement of two C(sp2)-atoms with two N-atoms, in either electron donating or withdrawing positions, shifts the electronic transitions either to low or high energy, respectively. This consequently shifts the PXX absorption spectral envelop bathochromically or hypsochromically, as demonstrated by steady-state absorption spectroscopic measurements. Within the series of synthesised N-doped PXX, we tune the optical band gap within an interval of ∼0.4 eV, in full agreement with the theoretical predictions. Relatedly, measurements show the more blueshifted the absorption/emission energies, the greater the fluorescence quantum yield value (from ∼45% to ∼75%). On the other hand, electrochemical investigations suggested that the N-pattern has a limited influence on the redox properties. Lastly, depending on the N-pattern, different supramolecular organisations could be obtained at the solid-state, with the 1,7-pattern PXX molecule forming multi-layered, graphene-like, supramolecular sheets through a combination of weak H-bonding and π-π stacking interactions. Supramolecular striped patterned sheets could also be formed with the 3,9- and 4,10-congeners when co-crystallized with a halogen-bond donor molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cataldo Valentini
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Duncan Gowland
- Department of Physics, King's College London Strand London WC2R 2LS UK
| | - C Grazia Bezzu
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Deborah Romito
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Nicola Bonini
- Department of Physics, King's College London Strand London WC2R 2LS UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna Austria
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6
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Yamamoto S, Yasuda T, Kanbara T, Kuwabara J. Facile Synthesis of 1,7-Phenanthroline Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Properties as Hole-Blocking Materials in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Yamamoto
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasuda
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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7
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Kato M, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Synthesis of Dibenzo[h,t]rubicene through Its Internally Dimethoxy-Substituted Precursor. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603
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8
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 112.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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9
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Xu X, Xia T, Chen XL, Hao X, Liang T, Li HR, Gong HY. Tetrabenzo[ b, de, gh, j][1,10]phenanthroline: a nitrogen-doped nanographene as a selective metal cation and proton fluorophore. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01861f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nitrogen-doped nanographene molecule tetrabenzo[b,de,gh,j]-[1,10]phenanthroline (TB(phen)) was generated for selective transition metal cation sensing or as a proton fluorophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ting Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Lang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reuse Technology, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tongling Liang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huan-Rong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, No. 59, Zhongguancun St., HaiDian District, Beijing, 100872, P. R. China
| | - Han-Yuan Gong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St., HaiDian District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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10
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Yamamoto S, Zhou ZY, Hiruta G, Takeuchi K, Choi JC, Yasuda T, Kanbara T, Kuwabara J. One-Pot Synthesis of Triazatriphenylene Using the Povarov Reaction. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7920-7927. [PMID: 34038118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Povarov reaction combines aromatic amines, aldehydes, and alkynes in a single step and is regarded as an annulative π-extension reaction of aromatic amines. In this study, the Povarov reaction was investigated as an efficient tool for the synthesis of aza-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via multiple π-extensions. The double Povarov reaction of 1,4-diaminobenzene yielded the 4,7-phenanthroline derivative as the major product, regardless of the steric repulsion in the product. The site selectivity mainly depended on the HOMO distribution of the intermediate rather than the steric factor. Based on these insights, a 1,5,9-triazatriphenylene derivative was synthesized via a triple Povarov reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The triazatriphenylene derivative formed a smooth and stable thin film upon vacuum vapor deposition and served as a hole-blocking material in organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Yamamoto
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Zong Yang Zhou
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Goki Hiruta
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Takeuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Jun-Chul Choi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasuda
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuwabara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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11
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Kim J, Umerani MJ, Kurakake R, Qin H, Ziller JW, Gorodetsky AA, Park YS. An aza-Diels-Alder approach to chlorinated quinolines, benzoquinolines, and polybenzoquinolines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13722-13730. [PMID: 35423954 PMCID: PMC8697586 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06744j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinolines and quinoline-containing macromolecules are renowned for their valuable biological activities and excellent materials properties. Herein, we validate a general strategy for the synthesis of chloro-containing quinoline, benzoquinoline and polybenzoquinoline variants via the aza-Diels-Alder reaction. The described findings could be ultimately implemented in other synthetic pathways and may open new opportunities for analogous quinoline-derived materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Mehran J Umerani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Reina Kurakake
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Huiting Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Alon A Gorodetsky
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
| | - Young S Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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12
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Shuler WG, Parvathaneni SP, Rodriguez JB, Lewis TN, Berges AJ, Bardeen CJ, Krische MJ. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Soluble N-Doped Rubicenes via Ruthenium-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenative Benzannulation. Chemistry 2021; 27:4898-4902. [PMID: 33576516 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-catalyzed butadiene-mediated benzannulation enabled the first synthesis of 3,10-(di-tert-butyl)rubicene and its N-doped derivatives as well as preliminary studies on their photophysical properties. Unlike the parent rubicene and 3,10-(di-tert-butyl)rubicene, which adopt classical herringbone-type packing motifs in the solid state, the N-doped congener 7 b displayed columnar packing with an alternating co-facial arrangement of aromatic and heteroaromatic substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Shuler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Sai P Parvathaneni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Jacob B Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Taylor N Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Adam J Berges
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Christopher J Bardeen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
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13
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Sakurai T, Nakazato T, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Peripherally Arylated 2,8-Diazaperylenes from Anthracene Diimide: Synthesis and Oxidative Annulation. Org Lett 2021; 23:2099-2103. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sakurai
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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14
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Shi Q, Shi X, Feng C, Wu Y, Zheng N, Liu J, Wu X, Chen H, Peng A, Li J, Jiang L, Fu H, Xie Z, Marder SR, Blakey SB, Huang H. Synthetic Routes for Heteroatom-Containing Alkylated/Arylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:2924-2928. [PMID: 33107179 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic routes for heteroatom-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H-PAHs) with alkyl and aryl substitution are demonstrated. Three H-PAHs, including heteroatom-containing rubicenes (H-rubicenes), angular-benzothiophenes (ABTs), and indenothiophene (IDTs) were successfully synthesized by two key steps, including polysubstituted olefin formation and cyclization. Specifically, ABT and H-rubicenes were comprehensively investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption, cyclic voltammetry, transient absorption, and single-crystal OFET measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Shi
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Changfu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Yishi Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Aidong Peng
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Seth R Marder
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Simon B Blakey
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hui Huang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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15
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Shen J, Zhang L, Meng X. Recent advances in cyclization reactions of isatins or thioisatins via C–N or C–S bond cleavage. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00868d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments on cyclization reactions induced by the C–N or C–S bond cleavage of isatins or thioisatins in the last 5 years, which produce fused products instead of spiro compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
| | - Xiangtai Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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16
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Umerani MJ, Yang H, Pratakshya P, Nowick JS, Gorodetsky AA. An aza-Diels–Alder route to quinoline-based unnatural amino acids and polypeptide surrogates. RSC Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04783j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of quinoline-based unnatural amino acids and the subsequent preparation of polypeptide surrogates from these building blocks on solid support.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Umerani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of California, Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - H. Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California, Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - P. Pratakshya
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California, Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - J. S. Nowick
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California, Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - A. A. Gorodetsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of California, Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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17
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Shi Q, Shi X, Feng C, Wu Y, Zheng N, Liu J, Wu X, Chen H, Peng A, Li J, Jiang L, Fu H, Xie Z, Marder SR, Blakey SB, Huang H. Synthetic Routes for Heteroatom‐Containing Alkylated/Arylated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Shi
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Changfu Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Yishi Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Aidong Peng
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 P. R. China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Seth R. Marder
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA
| | - Simon B. Blakey
- Department of Chemistry Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Hui Huang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
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18
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19
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Alexandre P, Zhang W, Rominger F, Elbert SM, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M. A Robust Porous Quinoline Cage: Transformation of a [4+6] Salicylimine Cage by Povarov Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19675-19679. [PMID: 32521080 PMCID: PMC7689861 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Porous shape-persistent organic cages have become the object of interest in recent years because they are soluble and thus processable from solution. A variety of cages can be achieved by applying dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC), but they are less chemically stable. Here the transformation of a salicylimine cage into a quinoline cage by a twelve-fold Povarov reaction as the key step is described. Besides the chemical stability of the cage over a broad pH regime, it shows a unique absorption and emission depending on acid concentration. Furthermore, thin films for the vapor detection of acids were investigated, showing color switches from pale-yellow to red, and characteristic emission profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Emmanuel Alexandre
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Wen‐Shan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Sven M. Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Rasmus R. Schröder
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced MaterialsRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
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20
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Ammon E, Ohlendorf L, Villinger A, Ehlers P, Langer P. Synthesis and Properties of Dibenzo[
a,j
]acridines. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erich Ammon
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Lars Ohlendorf
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock A.‐Einstein‐Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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21
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Alexandre P, Zhang W, Rominger F, Elbert SM, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M. A Robust Porous Quinoline Cage: Transformation of a [4+6] Salicylimine Cage by Povarov Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Emmanuel Alexandre
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Wen‐Shan Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sven M. Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rasmus R. Schröder
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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22
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next-Generation Large X-Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16104-16113. [PMID: 32492240 PMCID: PMC7689858 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Red‐emissive π‐expanded diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) with fluorescence reaching λ=750 nm can be easily synthesized by a three‐step strategy involving the preparation of diketopyrrolopyrrole followed by N‐arylation and subsequent intramolecular palladium‐catalyzed direct arylation. Comprehensive spectroscopic assays combined with first‐principles calculations corroborated that both N‐arylated and fused DPPs reach a locally excited (S1) state after excitation, followed by internal conversion to states with solvent and structural relaxation, before eventually undergoing intersystem crossing. Only the structurally relaxed state is fluorescent, with lifetimes in the range of several nanoseconds and tens of picoseconds in nonpolar and polar solvents, respectively. The lifetimes correlate with the fluorescence quantum yields, which range from 6 % to 88 % in nonpolar solvents and from 0.4 % and 3.2 % in polar solvents. A very inefficient (T1) population is responsible for fluorescence quantum yields as high as 88 % for the fully fused DPP in polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Gutkowski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick M McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.,School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Adèle D Laurent
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.,Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR, 6230, Nantes, France
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Skonieczny K, Papadopoulos I, Thiel D, Gutkowski K, Haines P, McCosker PM, Laurent AD, Keller PA, Clark T, Jacquemin D, Guldi DM, Gryko DT. How To Make Nitroaromatic Compounds Glow: Next‐Generation Large X‐Shaped, Centrosymmetric Diketopyrrolopyrroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Skonieczny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ilias Papadopoulos
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Thiel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Philipp Haines
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Patrick M. McCosker
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | | | - Paul A. Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience, Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
- Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Timothy Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Computer-Chemie-Center (CCC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | | | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Daniel T. Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry PAS. 44/52 Kasprzaka 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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24
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Nakazato T, Matsuda W, Sakurai T, Seki S, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Synthesis and Crystal Packing Structures of 2,7-Diazapyrenes with Various Alkyl Groups at 1,3,6,8-Positions. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Wakana Matsuda
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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25
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Ðorđević L, Valentini C, Demitri N, Mézière C, Allain M, Sallé M, Folli A, Murphy D, Mañas‐Valero S, Coronado E, Bonifazi D. O‐Doped Nanographenes: A Pyrano/Pyrylium Route Towards Semiconducting Cationic Mixed‐Valence Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4106-4114. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luka Ðorđević
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Cataldo Valentini
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra—Sincrotrone Trieste S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park 34149 Basovizza, Trieste Italy
| | - Cécile Mézière
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Magali Allain
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Marc Sallé
- MOLTECH-Anjou—UMR CNRS 6200, UNIV Angers, SFR Matrix 2 Boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex France
| | - Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Damien Murphy
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Samuel Mañas‐Valero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universitat de València Catedrático José Beltrán 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universitat de València Catedrático José Beltrán 2 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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26
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O‐Doped Nanographenes: A Pyrano/Pyrylium Route Towards Semiconducting Cationic Mixed‐Valence Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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27
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Schaub TA, Padberg K, Kivala M. The Renaissance of Bridged Triarylphosphines: Towards Organophosphorus Molecular Bowls. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A. Schaub
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Padberg
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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28
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Han Y, Hu Z, Liu M, Li M, Wang T, Chen Y. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Diazapyrenes via Bischler–Napieralski Reaction. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3953-3959. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhu Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Meifang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, P. R. China
| | - Mengwei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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29
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dos Santos GC, Moreno VF, da Silva BHST, da Silva-Filho LC. Heterocyclic anthrazoline derivatives: a critical review. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj04995a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The anthrazolinic core is an important building block for several applications, especially those depending on the effect of light.
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30
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Electron-deficient 1,2,7,8-tetraazaperylene derivative: Efficient synthesis and copolymerization. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8942-8946. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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32
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Berezin A, Biot N, Battisti T, Bonifazi D. Oxygen-Doped Zig-Zag Molecular Ribbons. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Berezin
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Nicolas Biot
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Tommaso Battisti
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- School of Chemistry; Cardiff University; Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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33
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Nakazato T, Kamatsuka T, Inoue J, Sakurai T, Seki S, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. The reductive aromatization of naphthalene diimide: a versatile platform for 2,7-diazapyrenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5177-5180. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reductive aromatization of naphthalene diimide provides tetrapivaloxy-2,7-diazapyrene, which serves as a versatile platform toward peripherally substituted 2,7-diazapyrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Takuto Kamatsuka
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Junichi Inoue
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Nishikyo-ku
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Nishikyo-ku
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Nishikyo-ku
- Kyoto 615-8510
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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34
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Shen Y, Li J, Chen S, Wan J, Zhao Y, Lu ZH, Li M, Yang L, Yu X, Chen D, Pan Z. Novel Benzimidazole-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds: Synthesis, Physical Properties and OLED Application. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiang Shen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Junbo Li
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Shao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Jiaqi Wan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Yongbiao Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Toronto; 184 College Street Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Toronto; 184 College Street Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Miao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
- Department of Chemical Engineering; National Taiwan University; Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Xianglin Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Dugang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Zhiquan Pan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering; Wuhan Institute of Technology; Wuhan 430074 China
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35
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Xu K, Fu Y, Zhou Y, Hennersdorf F, Machata P, Vincon I, Weigand JJ, Popov AA, Berger R, Feng X. Cationic Nitrogen-Doped Helical Nanographenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15876-15881. [PMID: 28902969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a series of novel cationic nitrogen-doped nanographenes (CNDNs) with nonplanar geometry and axial chirality. Single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals helical and cove-edged structures. Compared to their all-carbon analogues, the frontier orbitals of the CNDNs are energetically lower lying, with a reduced optical energy gap and greater electron-accepting behavior. Cyclic voltammetry shows all the derivatives to undergo quasireversible reductions. In situ spectroelectrochemical studies prove that, depending on the number of nitrogen dopants, either neutral radicals (one nitrogen dopant) or radical cations (two nitrogen dopants) are formed upon reduction. The concept of cationic nitrogen doping and introducing helicity into nanographenes paves the way for the design and synthesis of expanded nanographenes or even graphene nanoribbons with cationic nitrogen dopants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Youjia Zhou
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Hennersdorf
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Machata
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ilka Vincon
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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36
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Xu K, Fu Y, Zhou Y, Hennersdorf F, Machata P, Vincon I, Weigand JJ, Popov AA, Berger R, Feng X. Kationische stickstoffdotierte helikale Nanographene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) und; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) und; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Youjia Zhou
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) und; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Felix Hennersdorf
- Anorganische Molekülchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Peter Machata
- Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung; 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Ilka Vincon
- Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung; 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Jan J. Weigand
- Anorganische Molekülchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Alexey A. Popov
- Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung; 01069 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) und; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) und; Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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37
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(Electro)chemical Oxidation of 6,13-Bis[tri(isopropyl)silylethynyl]pentacene to its Radical Cation and Dication. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2266-2278. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Huy Do H, Villinger A, Lochbrunner S, Ehlers P, Langer P. Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis and Fluorescence Study of Ethynylated Naphthalene Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Huy Do
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Institut für Physik Universität Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 23–24 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V. Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut für Chemie Universität Rostock Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz‐Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock e.V. Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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39
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Rezapour MR, Yun J, Lee G, Kim KS. Lower Electric Field-Driven Magnetic Phase Transition and Perfect Spin Filtering in Graphene Nanoribbons by Edge Functionalization. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:5049-5055. [PMID: 27973868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Perfect spin filtering is an important issue in spintronics. Although such spin filtering showing giant magnetoresistance was suggested using graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) on both ends of which strong magnetic fields were applied, electric field controlled spin filtering is more interesting due to much easier precise control with much less energy consumption. Here we study the magnetic/nonmagnetic behaviors of zigzag GNRs (zGNRs) under a transverse electric field and by edge functionalization. Employing density functional theory (DFT), we show that the threshold electric field to attain either a half-metallic or nonmagnetic feature is drastically reduced by introducing proper functional groups to the edges of the zGNR. From the current-voltage characteristics of the edge-modified zGNR under an in-plane transverse electric field, we find a remarkable perfect spin filtering feature, which can be utilized for a molecular spintronic device. Alteration of magnetic properties by tuning the transverse electric field would be a promising way to construct magnetic/nonmagnetic switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Reza Rezapour
- Center for Superfunctional Materials and ‡Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Jeonghun Yun
- Center for Superfunctional Materials and ‡Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Geunsik Lee
- Center for Superfunctional Materials and ‡Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Kwang S Kim
- Center for Superfunctional Materials and ‡Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Korea
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