1
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Zhang F, Zhang G, Zhou Q, Bian T, Zhou L, Zhang Z. Hybrid Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Carboamination of Conjugated Dienes: Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrolidines via Selective Trifluoromethylarene Defluorination. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38808763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of difluoromethylene groups into aza-heterocycles represents a compelling yet underexplored avenue in contemporary chemical research. In this study, we unveil a hybrid palladium-catalyzed intramolecular gem-difluoroalkylamination of conjugated dienes, providing a versatile approach to the synthesis of diverse functionalized pyrrolidines. Noteworthy features include mild reaction conditions and a remarkable tolerance toward various functional groups. Additionally, the use of alkyl iodides as electrophiles facilitates the generation of the corresponding alkylamination products. Control experiments support a proposed hybrid palladium-catalyzed radical-polar crossover pathway, offering insights into the underlying chemical processes governing this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Guocong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Tiancen Bian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822-2217, United States
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
| | - Zuxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822-2217, United States
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2
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Purushotam, Bera A, Banerjee D. Recent advances on non-precious metal-catalysed fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, and perfluoroalkylation of N-heteroarenes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9298-9315. [PMID: 37855147 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the recent advances, from 2015 to 2023, on the introduction of organo-fluorine derivatives at the N-heteroarene core. Notable features considering new technologies based on organofluorine compounds such as: (i) approaches based on non-precious metal catalysis (Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, etc.), (ii) the development of new strategies using non-precious metal-catalysts for the introduction of organo-fluorinine derivatives using N-heterocycles with one or more heteroatoms, (iii) newer reagents for fluorination, difluoromethylation, trifluoromethylation, or perfluoroalkylation of N-heteroarenes using different approaches, (iv) mechanistic studies on various catalytic transformations, as and when required, and (v) the synthetic applications of various bio-active organo-fluorine compounds, including post-synthetic drug derivatization, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushotam
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Atanu Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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3
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Yuan J, Shen L, Guo N, Yin Y, Yang P, Yang L, Xiao Y, Zhang S. Visible-Light-Induced Cascade Cyclization of 1-Acryloyl-2-cyanoindole: Access of Difluoroalkylated Pyrrolo[1,2- a]indolediones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16598-16608. [PMID: 37948397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
An effective method for accessing diverse difluoroalkylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indolediones via visible-light-induced PhI(OAc)2-promoted cascade difluoroalkylation/cyclization reaction under mild conditions has been established. This method is noteworthy for its use of DMSO-H2O as a green medium at room temperature and avoidance of photocatalysts. The reactions are straightforward to execute and convenient to expand on, provide good to excellent yields, and have good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Yuan
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lu Shen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Na Guo
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Yin
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Liangru Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shouren Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanocomposites and Applications, Institute of Nanostructured Functional Materials, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450006, P. R. China
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4
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Sun Q, Li H, Chen X, Hao J, Deng H, Jiang H. Silver-Promoted Radical Cascade Aryldifluoromethylation/Cyclization of 2-Allyloxybenzaldehydes for the Synthesis of 3-Aryldifluoromethyl-Containing Chroman-4-one Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083578. [PMID: 37110812 PMCID: PMC10142801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A convenient silver-promoted radical cascade aryldifluoromethylation/cyclization of 2-allyloxybenzaldehydes has been developed. Experimental studies disclosed that the addition of aryldifluoromethyl radicals in situ produced from easily accessible gem-difluoroarylacetic acids to unactivated double bonds in 2-allyloxybenzaldehyde was an effective route to access a series of 3-aryldifluoromethyl-containing chroman-4-one derivatives in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hongxiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jian Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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5
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Sha X, Fang Y, Nie T, Qin S, Yang Y, Huang D, Ji F. Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Dicarbofunctionalizations of Alkenes for the Synthesis of Difluorocarbonyl Oxindoles and Isoquinoline-1,3-diones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4995-5006. [PMID: 36745403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient strategy for the construction of difluorocarbonyl-oxindole and difluorocarbonyl-isoquinoline-1,3-dione derivatives involving nickel-catalyzed intramolecular Heck-type cyclizations followed by intermolecular cross-couplings has been developed. This approach features high functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, and operational simplicity under mild conditions, thus providing a new method for the rapid difluorocarbonyl-functionalization of alkenes to construct the structurally diversified five- and six-membered heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Sha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yini Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tian Nie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shiyu Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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6
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Wright SE, Bandar JS. A Base-Promoted Reductive Coupling Platform for the Divergent Defluorofunctionalization of Trifluoromethylarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13032-13038. [PMID: 35833781 PMCID: PMC9817215 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a trifluoromethylarene reductive coupling method that dramatically expands the scope of difluorobenzylic substructures accessible via C-F bond functionalization. Catalytic quantities of a Lewis base, combined with a disilane reagent in formamide solvent, promotes the replacement of a single trifluoromethyl fluorine atom with a silylated hemiaminal functional group. The reaction proceeds through a difluorobenzyl silane intermediate that can also be isolated. Together, these defluorinated products are shown to provide rapid access to over 20 unique difluoroalkylarene scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn E. Wright
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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7
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Lu H, Xiao RX, Shi CY, Song ZL, Lin HW, Zhang A. Synthesis of aryldifluoromethyl aryl ethers via nickel-catalyzed suzuki cross-coupling between aryloxydifluoromethyl bromides and boronic acids. Commun Chem 2022; 5:78. [PMID: 36697792 PMCID: PMC9814959 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00694-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As a unique organofluorine fragment, gem-difluoromethylated motifs have received widespread attention. Here, a convenient and efficient synthesis of aryldifluoromethyl aryl ethers (ArCF2OAr') was established via Nickel-catalyzed aryloxydifluoromethylation with arylboronic acids. This approach features easily accessible starting materials, good tolerance of functionalities, and mild reaction conditions. Diverse late-stage difluoromethylation of many pharmaceuticals and natural products were readily realized. Notably, a new difluoromethylated PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor was conveniently synthesized and showed both improved metabolic stability and enhanced antitumor efficacy. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested the involvement of a Ni(I/III) catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Xiao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Chang-Yun Shi
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Zi-Lan Song
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Ao Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Pharm-X Center, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhu J, Shen Q. Bromodifluoromethyl Sulfonium Ylide: An Easily Available Electrophilic Bromodifluoromethylating Reagent for Bromodifluoromethylation of Styrenes and Heteroarenes by Visible-Light-Promoted Photoredox. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2022.110021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Levitre G, Granados A, Cabrera-Afonso MJ, Molander GA. Synthesis of α-Fluorinated Areneacetates through Photoredox/Copper Dual Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:3194-3198. [PMID: 35467893 PMCID: PMC10412000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of mild and practical conditions for the fluoroalkylation of arenes is an ongoing challenge in chemical organic synthesis. Herein, we report a metallaphotoredox method for the preparation of fluoroalkyl arenes based on the synergistic combination of Ir/Cu dual catalysis from boronic acids. The mild conditions allow broad functional group tolerance, including substrates containing aldehydes, free phenols, and N-Boc-protected amines. Mechanistic investigations support a process proceeding via photoredox/copper dual catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Levitre
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Albert Granados
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - María Jesús Cabrera-Afonso
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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10
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Zhang D, Gao X, Min QQ, Gu Y, Berthon G, Zhang X. Coupling of Heteroaryl Halides with Chlorodifluoroacetamides and Chlorodifluoroacetate by Nickel Catalysis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200642. [PMID: 35238111 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of heteroaryl halides with chlorodifluoroacetamides and chlorodifluoroacetate has been developed. The combination of NiCl2 ⋅ DME with 4,4'-diNon-bpy, co-ligand PPh3 , and additive LiCl renders the catalytic system efficient for the synthesis of medicinal interest heteroaryldifluoroacetamides. The application of the method leads to short and highly efficient synthesis of biologically active molecules, providing a facile route for applications in medicinal chemistry and agrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Guillaume Berthon
- Syngenta Japan K.K., 21F, Office Tower X, 1-8-10. Harumi, Chuo, Tokyo, 104-6021, Japan
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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11
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Ren X, Gao X, Min QQ, Zhang S, Zhang X. (Fluoro)alkylation of alkenes promoted by photolysis of alkylzirconocenes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3454-3460. [PMID: 35432852 PMCID: PMC8943901 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc07061d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Difluoroalkylated compounds have important applications in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials science. However, efficient methods to construct the alkylCF2–alkyl bond are very limited, and the site-selective introduction of a difluoromethylene (CF2) group into an aliphatic chain at the desired position remains challenging. Here, we report an unprecedented example of alkylzirconocene promoted difluoroalkylation of alkyl- and silyl-alkenes with a variety of unactivated difluoroalkyl iodides and bromides under the irradiation of visible light without a catalyst. The resulting difluoroalkylated compounds can serve as versatile synthons in organic synthesis. The reaction can also be applied to activated difluoroalkyl, trifluoromethyl, perfluoroalkyl, monofluoroalkyl, and nonfluorinated alkyl halides, providing a general method to controllably access fluorinated compounds. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that a single electron transfer (SET) pathway induced by a Zr(iii) species is involved in the reaction, in which the Zr(iii) species is generated by the photolysis of alkylzirconocene with blue light. An unprecedented example of alkylzirconocene promoted difluoroalkylation of alkyl- and silyl-alkenes with a variety of fluoroalkyl and nonfluoroalkyl halides under the irradiation of visible light has been reported.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Ren
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Min
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Huzhou 313001 China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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12
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Xu C, Wang MK, Zhang S, Zhang X. Nickel-catalyzed alkyl-arylation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene. Commun Chem 2022; 5:41. [PMID: 36697891 PMCID: PMC9814099 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the versatile synthetic utility of its carbon-carbon double bond, low-cost industrial chemical 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (TFP) represents one of the most straightforward and cost-efficient precursors to prepare trifluoromethylated compounds. However, only limited methods for the efficient transformations of TFP have been reported so far. Here, we report a nickel-catalyzed dicarbofunctionalization of TFP. The reaction uses inexpensive NiCl2·6H2O as the catalyst and 4,4'-biMeO-bpy and PCy2Ph as the ligands, allowing the alkyl-arylation of TFP with a variety of tertiary alkyl iodides and arylzinc reagents in high efficiency. This nickel-catalyzed process overcomes the previous challenges by suppressing β-H and β-F eliminations from TFP, rendering this strategy effective for the transformations of TFP into medicinal interest trifluoromethylated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ming-Kuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Lai GW, Nie LJ, He Q, Lin MJ, Chi R, Lu DL, Fan X. Organocatalytic difluorobenzylation of 1,2-diketones via mild cleavage of carbon–carbon bonds. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01645h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Difluoroacetophenones (DFAPs) are developed as a class of novel and practical reagents for organocatalytic difluorobenzylation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Wei Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Long-Jun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Qifang He
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Juan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Rong Chi
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Liang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, P. R. China
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14
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Fang Y, Li X, Liu C, Tang J, Chen Z. Nucleophilic Substitution of Selenosulfonates with Me 3SiCF 2Br: Facile and Efficient Access to Bromodifluoromethylated Selenides under Metal-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18081-18093. [PMID: 34823360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of bromodifluoromethylated selenides under metal-free conditions is described here. Commercially available Me3SiCF2Br and bench-stable selenosulfonates react smoothly to give a broad scope of alkyl- and aryl-substituted bromodifluoromethylated selenides in moderate to good yields via a difluorocarbene intermediate. This protocol features a short reaction time, the absence of toxic waste, good scalability, and successful late-stage modification of bioactive molecules. In addition, the title products can be easily converted to different fluorinated and 18F-labeled selenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Xin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Chunyi Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Jie Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Zhengping Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
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15
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Zhao HY, Zhou M, Zhang X. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Cross-Coupling of Difluoroalkyl Halides with Alkylboranes under 1 atm of CO. Org Lett 2021; 23:9106-9111. [PMID: 34806890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling of difluoroalkyl halides with alkyl-9-BBN under 1 atm of CO has been developed. The reaction shows broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance, even toward complex pharmaceuticals, providing a general and straightforward method to access alkyldifluoroalkyl ketones. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that a radical pathway is involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minqi Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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16
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Guo C, Han X, Li X, Diao Z, Li X, Dong Y. Direct C−H Difluoroalkylation of Heteroarenes with Difluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
- Shandong Vocational College of Light Industry Zhoucun Mishan Road Zibo 255300 P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
| | - Xiangye Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
| | - Zhengzhen Diao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
| | - Xinjin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 P. R. China
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17
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Ma S, Li F, Zhang G, Shi L, Wang X. Highly Regioselective Difluoroalkylarylation of Butadiene through a Nickel-Catalyzed Tandem Radical Process. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, (People’s Republic of China)
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, School of Pharmacology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guisheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, (People’s Republic of China)
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, 46 East of Construction Road, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, (People’s Republic of China)
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Zhang Y, Ma J, Chen J, Meng L, Liang Y, Zhu S. A relay catalysis strategy for enantioselective nickel-catalyzed migratory hydroarylation forming chiral α-aryl alkylboronates. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Luo YC, Tong FF, Zhang Y, He CY, Zhang X. Visible-Light-Induced Palladium-Catalyzed Selective Defluoroarylation of Trifluoromethylarenes with Arylboronic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13971-13979. [PMID: 34411483 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective functionalization of inactive C(sp3)-F bonds to prepare medicinally interesting aryldifluoromethylated compounds remains challenging. One promising route is the transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling through oxidative addition of the C(sp3)-F bond in trifluoromethylarenes (ArCF3), which are ideal precursors for this process due to their ready availability and low cost. Here, we report an unprecedented excited-state palladium catalysis strategy for selective defluoroarylation of trifluoromethylarenes with arylboronic acids. This visible-light-induced palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling proceeds under mild reaction conditions and allows transformation of a variety of arylboronic acids and ArCF3. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that the oxidative addition of the C(sp3)-F bond in ArCF3 to excited-state palladium(0) via a single electron transfer pathway is responsible for the C(sp3)-F bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Cheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei-Fei Tong
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chun-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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20
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Wei Z, Miao W, Ni C, Hu J. Iron‐Catalyzed Fluoroalkylation of Arylborates with Sulfone Reagents: Beyond the Limitation of Reduction Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Ling-Ling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
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21
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Ye F, Ge Y, Spannenberg A, Neumann H, Xu LW, Beller M. 3,3-Difluoroallyl ammonium salts: highly versatile, stable and selective gem-difluoroallylation reagents. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3257. [PMID: 34059673 PMCID: PMC8167079 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective synthesis of fluorinated organic molecules continues to be of major importance for the development of bioactive compounds (agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals) as well as unique materials. Among the established synthetic toolbox for incorporation of fluorine-containing units, efficient and general reagents for introducing -CF2- groups have been largely neglected. Here, we present the synthesis of 3,3-difluoropropen-1-yl ammonium salts (DFPAs) as stable, and scalable gem-difluoromethylation reagents, which allow for the direct reaction with a wide range of fascinating nucleophiles. DFPAs smoothly react with N-, O-, S-, Se-, and C-nucleophiles under mild conditions without necessity of metal catalysts with exclusive regioselectivity. In this way, the presented reagents also permit the straightforward preparation of many analogues of existing pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Yao Ge
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Helfried Neumann
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 311121, PR China
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany.
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22
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Wei Z, Miao W, Ni C, Hu J. Iron-Catalyzed Fluoroalkylation of Arylborates with Sulfone Reagents: Beyond the Limitation of Reduction Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13597-13602. [PMID: 33761156 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The iron-catalyzed alkyl-aryl coupling reaction between sulfones and arylboron compounds has remained a challenge. We report the first iron-catalyzed radical difluoroalkylation of arylborates with N-heteroaryl sulfones. The coordination between the iron catalyst and the nitrogen atom of N-heteroaryl sulfones was identified to be important in overcoming the reduction potential limitation of sulfones in the intermolecular single-electron-transfer process, which enables both fluoroalkyl N-heteroaryl sulfones (with relatively high reduction potentials) and nonfluorinated alkyl N-heteroaryl sulfones (with low reduction potentials) to serve as powerful alkylation reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
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23
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Liu W, Xu W, Wang J, Lu H, Xu PF, Wei H. Synthesis of Spirocycles via Ni-Catalyzed Intramolecular Coupling of Thioesters and Olefins. Chemistry 2021; 27:7651-7656. [PMID: 33887079 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A nickel-catalyzed intramolecular coupling of thioesters and olefins has been developed for the efficient synthesis of spirocycles, a privileged scaffold commonly found in natural products. This transformation is characterized by the simultaneous transfer of both acyl and thiol moieties to the alkene, with the suppression of decarbonylation and β-hydrogen elimination. Initial mechanistic investigations are consistent with an oxidative addition/olefin insertion/reductive elimination mechanism. The incorporated methylene sulfide substituent can undergo a variety of further reactions to increase molecular diversity and complexity. These results demonstrate that thioester derivatives can be used as powerful building blocks for the assembly of complex scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Hong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
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24
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Feng M, De Oliveira J, Sallustrau A, Destro G, Thuéry P, Roy S, Cantat T, Elmore CS, Blankenstein J, Taran F, Audisio D. Direct Carbon Isotope Exchange of Pharmaceuticals via Reversible Decyanation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5659-5665. [PMID: 33825486 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of carbon-14 allows tracking of organic molecules and provides vital knowledge on their fate. This information is critical in pharmaceutical development, crop science, and human food safety evaluation. Herein, a transition-metal-catalyzed procedure enabling carbon isotope exchange on aromatic nitriles is described. By utilizing the radiolabeled precursor Zn([14C]CN)2, this protocol allows the insertion of the desired carbon tag without the need for structural modifications, in a single step. By reducing synthetic costs and limiting the generation of radioactive waste, this procedure will facilitate the labeling of nitrile containing drugs and accelerate 14C-based ADME studies supporting drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joao De Oliveira
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Isotope Chemistry, Integrated Drug Discovery Sanofi R&D, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gianluca Destro
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Pierre Thuéry
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sebastien Roy
- Isotope Chemistry, Integrated Drug Discovery Sanofi R&D, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Thibault Cantat
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Isotope Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Science, R&D, AstraZeneca, 43183 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jorg Blankenstein
- Isotope Chemistry, Integrated Drug Discovery Sanofi R&D, 94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, DMTS, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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25
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Mei W, Kong Y, Yan G. Synthetic applications of α,α-difluoroarylacetic acids and salts via decarboxylative functionalization. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00775k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
α,α-Difluoroarylacetic acids are stable, inexpensive and readily available building blocks which can be used to access various difluoromethylated aryl motifs via decarboxylative functionalization for the formation of carbon–carbon and carbon-heteroatom (F, O, S) bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Mei
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Yilin Kong
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Guobing Yan
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
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26
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Yuan K, Feoktistova T, Cheong PHY, Altman RA. Arylation of gem-difluoroalkenes using a Pd/Cu Co-catalytic system that avoids β-fluoride elimination. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1363-1367. [PMID: 34163899 PMCID: PMC8179108 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05192f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PdII/CuI co-catalyze an arylation reaction of gem-difluoroalkenes using arylsulfonyl chlorides to deliver α,α-difluorobenzyl products. The reaction proceeds through a β,β-difluoroalkyl-Pd intermediate that typically undergoes unimolecular β-F elimination to deliver monofluorinated alkene products in a net C-F functionalization reaction. However to avoid β-F elimination, we offer the β,β-difluoroalkyl-Pd intermediate an alternate low-energy route involving β-H elimination to ultimately deliver difluorinated products in a net arylation/isomerization sequence. Overall, this reaction enables exploration of new reactivities of unstable fluorinated alkyl-metal species, while also providing new opportunities for transforming readily available fluorinated alkenes into more elaborate substructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kedong Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 P. R. China
| | - Taisiia Feoktistova
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR USA
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR USA
| | - Ryan A Altman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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27
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Zhou M, Zhao HY, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Nickel-Catalyzed Four-Component Carbocarbonylation of Alkenes under 1 atm of CO. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18191-18199. [PMID: 32985884 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed carbonylation is one of the most straightforward strategies to prepare carbonyl compounds. However, compared to well-established noble-metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions, analogue coupling via base-metal, nickel catalysis has received less attention because of the easy formation of highly toxic and unreactive Ni(CO)4 species between Ni(0) and CO. To date, the use of inexpensive and widely available carbon monoxide (CO) gas for nickel-catalyzed carbonylation reaction remains challenging, and nickel-catalyzed four-component carbonylative reaction has not been reported yet. Here, we report a highly selective nickel-catalyzed four-component carbocarbonylation of alkenes under 1 atm (1 atm) of CO gas to efficiently achieve an array of complex carbonyl compounds, including fluorinated amino acids and oligopeptides of great interest in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology. This reaction relies on a nickel-catalyzed one-pot cascade process to assemble CO, arylboronic acids, and difluoroalkyl electrophiles across the carbon-carbon double bond of alkenes, paving a new way for base-metal-catalyzed carbonylative cascade reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2006 Xiyuan Avenue, West High-Tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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28
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Jiang Q, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao X. Chalcogenide-Catalyzed Intermolecular Electrophilic Thio- and Halofunctionalization of gem-Difluoroalkenes: Construction of Diverse Difluoroalkyl Sulfides and Halides. Org Lett 2020; 22:7581-7587. [PMID: 32966094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thio- and halodifluoromethylated compounds are an important class of compounds in medicinal chemistry and organic synthesis. Herein, we report a facile method for the construction of these compounds via chalcogenide-catalyzed intermolecular electrophilic thio- and halofunctionalization of gem-difluoroalkenes. Simple treatment of gem-difluoroalkenes with electrophilic sulfur/halogen reagents and various O- or N-nucleophiles affords diverse multifunctionalized thio- and halodifluoromethylated compounds. This reaction features a relatively broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanbin Jiang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Liang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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29
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Construction of Boronated
γ
‐Lactams via Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Boryldifluoroalkylation of Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Miller E, Kim S, Gibson K, Derrick JS, Toste FD. Regio- and Enantioselective Bromocyclization of Difluoroalkenes as a Strategy to Access Tetrasubstituted Difluoromethylene-Containing Stereocenters. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8946-8952. [PMID: 32352775 PMCID: PMC7508160 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Difluoromethylene-containing compounds have attracted substantial research interest over the past decades for their ability to mimic biological functions of traditional functional groups while providing a wide variety of pharmacological benefits bestowed by the C-F bond. We report a novel strategy to access RCF2Br-containing heterocycles by regio- and enantioselective bromocyclization of difluoroalkenes enabled by chiral anion phase-transfer catalysis. The utility of this methodology was highlighted through a synthesis of an analogue of efavirenz, a drug used for treating HIV. Additionally, the synthetic versatility of the CF2Br intermediates was showcased through functionalization to a variety of enantioenriched α,α-difluoromethylene-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Suhong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Katarina Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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31
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Chen L, Yang JC, Xu P, Zhang JJ, Duan XH, Guo L. Nickel-catalyzed Suzuki Coupling of Cycloalkyl Silyl Peroxides with Boronic Acids. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7515-7525. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Cheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Li−Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
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32
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Yu G, Wang P, Bao X, Wang Y. Computational Insights into the Divergent Regioselectivities for Nickel‐Catalyzed Dicarbofunctionalization of Allyl Moiety of N‐Allyl‐2‐aminopyrimidine. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guan‐Fu Yu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Bao
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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33
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Gao Y, Zhao L, Xiang T, Li P, Wang L. Photoinitiated decarboxylative C3-difluoroarylmethylation of quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with potassium 2,2-difluoro-2-arylacetates in water. RSC Adv 2020; 10:10559-10568. [PMID: 35492892 PMCID: PMC9050393 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and green strategy for the preparation of C3-difluoroarylmethylated quinoxalin-2(1H)-one via a visible-light-induced decarboxylative C3-difluoroarylmethylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one with potassium 2,2-difluoro-2-arylacetate in water at room temperature was developed. This photoinduced reaction generated the desired products in good yields under simple and mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 P. R. China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Advanced Research Institute, Taizhou University Taizhou Zhejiang 318000 P. R. China
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34
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Li X, Zhang R, Zhang X, Zhu P, Yao T. Silver-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation of Difluoroarylacetic Acids with Allyl Sulfones in Water. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1175-1179. [PMID: 32056375 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A practical silver-catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of α,α-difluoroarylacetic acids with allyl sulfones is described, which provides a variety of β,β-difluorinated alkenes in good yields. Notably, the reaction proceeds smoothly in water with good functional group tolerance. The practicality and synthetic value of this process was demonstrated by scaled-up experiment and elaboration of the products via reduction or Heck reaction. Primary mechanism investigations suggest that a radical process might be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Tuanli Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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35
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Isshiki R, Inayama N, Muto K, Yamaguchi J. Ester Transfer Reaction of Aromatic Esters with Haloarenes and Arenols by a Nickel Catalyst. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Isshiki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Naomi Inayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Muto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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36
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Huang Y, Jia J, Huang QP, Zhao L, Wang P, Gu J, He CY. Visible light promoted deaminative difluoroalkylation of aliphatic amines with difluoroenoxysilanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14247-14250. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05725h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A visible light promoted deaminative strategy for the difluoroalkylation reaction utilizing pyridinium-activated aliphatic primary amines and difluoroenoxysilane as substrates has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Jia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Qi-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Pan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Gu
- School of Medicine
- Washington University in St. Louis
- St. Louis
- USA
| | - Chun-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
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37
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Khatri HR, Han C, Luong E, Pan X, Adam AT, Alshammari MD, Shao Y, Colby DA. Controlling the Cleavage of Carbon-Carbon Bonds To Generate α,α-Difluorobenzyl Carbanions for the Construction of Difluoromethylbenzenes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11665-11675. [PMID: 31449418 PMCID: PMC8262649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds during a chemical reaction is a substantial challenge; however, synthetic methods that accomplish this objective produce valuable and often unexplored reactivity. We have designed a mild process to generate α,α-difluorobenzyl carbanions in the presence of potassium carbonate by exploiting the cleavage of C-C bonds during the release of trifluoroacetate. The initiating reagent is potassium carbonate, which represents an improvement over existing protocols that require a strong base. Fragmentation studies across substituted arenes and heteroarenes were conducted along with computational analyses to elucidate reactivity trends. Furthermore, the mildly generated α,α-difluorobenzyl carbanions from electron-deficient aromatics and heteroaromatic rings can react with aldehydes to create derivatives of difluoromethylbenzenes, which are valuable synthetic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari R. Khatri
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Changho Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Erica Luong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Xiaoliang Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Amna T. Adam
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Maali D. Alshammari
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - David A. Colby
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
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38
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Barber ER, Hynds HM, Stephens CP, Lemons HE, Fredrickson ET, Wilger DJ. Nickel-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Alkynes under Reductive Conditions with Aryl Bromides and Water. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11612-11622. [PMID: 31433183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple nickel-catalyzed hydroarylation reaction for alkynes is described. This three-component coupling reaction utilizes commercially available alkynes and aryl bromides, along with water and Zn. An air-stable and easily synthesized Ni(II) precatalyst is the only entity used in the reaction that is not commercially available. This reductive cross-coupling reaction displays a fairly unusual anti selectivity when aryl bromides with ortho substituents are used. In addition to optimization data and a preliminary substrate scope, complementary experiments including deuterium labeling studies are used to provide a tentative catalytic mechanism. We believe this report should inspire and inform other Ni-catalyzed carbofunctionalization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ryan Barber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
| | - Hannah M Hynds
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
| | - Claudia P Stephens
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
| | - Holli E Lemons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
| | - Emily T Fredrickson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
| | - Dale J Wilger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Samford University , Birmingham , Alabama 35229 , United States
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39
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Liu J, Zhang J, Wu C, Liu H, Liu H, Sun F, Li Y, Liu Y, Dong Y, Li X. 1,1-Difluoroethyl chloride (CH 3CF 2Cl), a novel difluoroalkylating reagent for 1,1-difluoroethylation of arylboronic acids. RSC Adv 2019; 9:28409-28413. [PMID: 35529618 PMCID: PMC9071211 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06406k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
1,1-Difluoroethylated aromatics are of great importance in medicinal chemistry and related fields. 1,1-Difluoroethyl chloride (CH3CF2Cl), a cheap and abundant industrial raw material, is viewed as an ideal 1,1-difluoroethylating reagent, but the direct introduction of the difluoroethyl (CF2CH3) group onto aromatic rings using CH3CF2Cl has not been successfully accomplished. Herein, we disclose a nickel-catalyzed 1,1-difluoroethylation of arylboronic acids with CH3CF2Cl for the synthesis of (1,1-difluoroethyl)arenes. 1,1-Difluoroethylated aromatics are of great importance in medicinal chemistry and related fields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Jida Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Chaolin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Hefu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Fenggang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Yueyun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Yuying Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Yunhui Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China
| | - Xinjin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology 266 West Xincun Road Zibo 255000 China .,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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40
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Luo C, Bandar JS. Selective Defluoroallylation of Trifluoromethylarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14120-14125. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaosheng Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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41
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Vogt DB, Seath CP, Wang H, Jui NT. Selective C-F Functionalization of Unactivated Trifluoromethylarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13203-13211. [PMID: 31369264 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated organic molecules are pervasive within the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries due to the range of structural and physicochemical properties that fluorine imparts. Currently, the most abundant methods for the synthesis of the aryl-CF2 functionality have relied on the deoxyfluorination of ketones and aldehydes using expensive and poorly atom economical reagents. Here, we report a general method for the synthesis of aryl-CF2R and aryl-CF2H compounds through activation of the corresponding trifluoromethyl arene precursors. This strategy is enabled by an endergonic electron transfer event that provides access to arene radical anions that lie outside of the catalyst reduction potential. Fragmentation of these reactive intermediates delivers difluorobenzylic radicals that can be intercepted by abundant alkene feedstocks or a hydrogen atom to provide a diverse array of difluoalkylaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Vogt
- Department of Chemistry and Winship Cancer Institute , Emory University , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Ciaran P Seath
- Department of Chemistry and Winship Cancer Institute , Emory University , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Hengbin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Winship Cancer Institute , Emory University , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
| | - Nathan T Jui
- Department of Chemistry and Winship Cancer Institute , Emory University , Atlanta 30322 , Georgia , United States
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42
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Tang L, Liu ZY, She W, Feng C. Selective single C-F bond arylation of trifluoromethylalkene derivatives. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8701-8705. [PMID: 31803445 PMCID: PMC6849639 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01966a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Through an SN2′ amination, N-alkylation and palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution sequence, we realized ipso-C–F bond arylation/alkenylation of trifluoromethylalkene derivatives.
A strategically novel single C–F bond functionalization of CF3-derived molecules, which shows a prominent advantage for the expedient construction of difluoromethylene-bridged organic scaffolds, is disclosed. The reported protocol consists of SN2′ amination, N-alkylation and palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution reactions, which enables straightforward arylation and alkenylation of vinyltrifluoromethane derivatives. Furthermore, this strategy is characterized by its broad substrate scope with respect to both CF3-alkene and arylboronic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Tang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Ze-Yao Liu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Wenzhi She
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis , School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China .
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lun An
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xingang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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44
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Li L, Ma Y, Tang M, Guo J, Yang Z, Yan Y, Ma X, Tang L. Photoredox‐Catalyzed Oxydifluoroalkylation of Styrenes for Access to Difluorinated Ketones with DMSO as an Oxidant. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Na Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang 453000 People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe Yan
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringZhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiantao Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 People's Republic of China
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45
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Yang Y, Zhou Q, Cai J, Xue T, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Su Y, Chung L, Vicic DA. Exploiting the trifluoroethyl group as a precatalyst ligand in nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-type alkylations. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5275-5282. [PMID: 31191883 PMCID: PMC6540912 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00554d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report herein the exploitment of the partially fluorinated trifluoroethyl as precatalyst ligands in nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-type alkylation and fluoroalkylation coupling reactions. Compared with the [L n NiII(aryl)(X)] precatalysts, the unique characters of bis-trifluoroethyl ligands imparted precatalyst [(bipy)Ni(CH2CF3)2] with bench-top stability, good solubilities in organic media and interesting catalytic activities. Preliminary mechanistic studies reveal that an eliminative extrusion of a vinylidene difluoride (VDF, CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CF2) mask from [(bipy)Ni(CH2CF3)2] is a critical step for the initiation of a catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan , School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science & Engineering , 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China .
| | - Qinghai Zhou
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Junjie Cai
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan , School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science & Engineering , 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China .
| | - Teng Xue
- Department of Chemistry , Lehigh University , 6 E. Packer Ave. , Bethlehem , PA 18015 , USA .
| | - Yingle Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan , School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science & Engineering , 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China .
| | - Yan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan , School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science & Engineering , 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China .
| | - Yumei Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan , School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Sichuan University of Science & Engineering , 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu , Zigong , Sichuan 643000 , China .
| | - Lungwa Chung
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - David A Vicic
- Department of Chemistry , Lehigh University , 6 E. Packer Ave. , Bethlehem , PA 18015 , USA .
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46
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Li M, Zhu X, Qiu Y, Han Y, Xia Y, Wang C, Li X, Wei W, Liang Y. Metal‐Free Promoted CF
2
/CF
3
‐Difunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xin‐Yu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Feng Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal University Lanzhou, Gansu 730070 People's Republic of China
| | - Ya‐Ping Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Cui‐Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Song Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wan‐Xu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong‐Min Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
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47
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Yang Y, Cai J, Luo G, Tong X, Su Y, Jiang Y, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Zeng J, Li C. Selective activation of 1,2-dichloroethane for access to β-chloroethylarenes enabled by nickel-catalyzed suzuki-type couplings. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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48
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Zhang K, Bian K, Li C, Sheng J, Li Y, Wang X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Carbofluoroalkylation of 1,3‐Enynes to Access Structurally Diverse Fluoroalkylated Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5069-5074. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Fan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Kang‐Jie Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi‐Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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49
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Zhang K, Bian K, Li C, Sheng J, Li Y, Wang X. Nickel‐Catalyzed Carbofluoroalkylation of 1,3‐Enynes to Access Structurally Diverse Fluoroalkylated Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai‐Fan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Kang‐Jie Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chao Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jie Sheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Xi‐Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis of CASUniversity of Science and Technology of China 96 Jinzhai Road Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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50
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Zhang T, Chen B, Wang W, Zhang Q, Wang P, Wan W, Deng H, Hao J, Jiang H. Copper‐Promoted Aryldifluoromethylenation of
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‐Arylacrylamides to 3‐Benzo‐diazolyldifluoromethylene‐Substituted 2‐Oxindoles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Pingyang Wang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Wen Wan
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Laboratory for MicrostructuresShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Jian Hao
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of ChemistryShanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryShanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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