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Wu J, Greenfield JL. Photoswitchable Imines Drive Dynamic Covalent Systems to Nonequilibrium Steady States. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20720-20727. [PMID: 39025474 PMCID: PMC11295185 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Coupling a photochemical reaction to a thermal exchange process can drive the latter to a nonequilibrium steady state (NESS) under photoirradiation. Typically, systems use separate motifs for photoresponse and equilibrium-related processes. Here, we show that photoswitchable imines can fulfill both roles simultaneously, autonomously driving a dynamic covalent system into a NESS under continuous light irradiation. We demonstrate this using transimination reactions, where E-to-Z photoisomerism generates a more kinetically labile species. At the NESS, energy is stored both in the metastable Z-isomer of the imine and in the system's nonequilibrium constitution; when the light is switched off, this stored energy is released as the system reverts to its equilibrium state. The system operates autonomously under continuous light irradiation and exhibits characteristics of a light-driven information ratchet. This is enabled by the dual-role of the imine linkage as both the photochromic and dynamic covalent bond. This work highlights the ability and application of these imines to drive systems to NESSs, thus offering a novel approach in the field of systems chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Wu
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität
Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Center
for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität
Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Jake L. Greenfield
- Institut
für Organische Chemie, Universität
Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
- Center
for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität
Würzburg, Würzburg 97074, Germany
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2
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Jia H, Huang Z, Kaynak M, Sakar MS. Colloidal self-assembly of soft neural interfaces from injectable photovoltaic microdevices. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19888-19897. [PMID: 37404318 PMCID: PMC10316755 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03591c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic retinas with a wide field of view and high resolution are in demand for neuroprosthetics and robot vision. Conventional neural prostheses are manufactured outside the application area and implanted as a complete device using invasive surgery. Here, a minimally invasive strategy based on in situ self-assembly of photovoltaic microdevices (PVMs) is presented. The photoelectricity transduced by PVMs upon visible light illumination reaches the intensity levels that could effectively activate the retinal ganglion cell layers. The geometry and multilayered architecture of the PVMs along with the tunability of their physical properties such as size and stiffness allow several routes for initiating a self-assembly process. The spatial distribution and packing density of the PVMs within the assembled device are modulated through concentration, liquid discharge speed, and coordinated self-assembly steps. Subsequent injection of a photocurable and transparent polymer facilitates tissue integration and reinforces the cohesion of the device. Taken together, the presented methodology introduces three unique features: minimally invasive implantation, personalized visual field and acuity, and a device geometry adaptable to retina topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Jia
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Zhangjun Huang
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Murat Kaynak
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Mahmut Selman Sakar
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
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3
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Prabodh A, Sinn S, Grimm L, Miskolczy Z, Megyesi M, Biczók L, Bräse S, Biedermann F. Teaching indicators to unravel the kinetic features of host–guest inclusion complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12327-12330. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03715j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Three new, practically convenient methods are introduced for measuring kinetic parameters of supramolecular host–guest and protein–ligand complexes. Combined with thermodynamic data, this allows for an in-depth of the binding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrutha Prabodh
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Stephan Sinn
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Laura Grimm
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Zsombor Miskolczy
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- 1117 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Mónika Megyesi
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- 1117 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - László Biczók
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Research Centre for Natural Sciences
- 1117 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
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4
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Osypenko A, Dhers S, Lehn JM. Pattern Generation and Information Transfer through a Liquid/Liquid Interface in 3D Constitutional Dynamic Networks of Imine Ligands in Response to Metal Cation Effectors. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12724-12737. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Artem Osypenko
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Dhers
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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5
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Men G, Lehn JM. Multiple adaptation of constitutional dynamic networks and information storage in constitutional distributions of acylhydrazones. Chem Sci 2019; 10:90-98. [PMID: 30713621 PMCID: PMC6333171 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03858a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a study of the behavior of four dynamic covalent libraries (DCLs) based on acylhydrazones aAbB and of the corresponding square constitutional dynamic networks (CDNs) NA-ND under the effect of three agents, namely, metal cations, base + metal cations and light irradiation; in particular, the successful switching of the CDN NB between two orthogonal distributions results, respectively, from metallo-selection and photo-selection. The four DCLs undergo triple adaptation when subjected to the three agents with the generation of specific CDN distributions characteristic of each of the four DCLs. The ternary outputs displayed by the DCLs present three states (-1, 0 and 1) related to three different constitutional distributions expressed in response to the triple inputs applied. This latter process amounts to the storage of molecular information in dynamic distributions rather than in selective interactions between complementary entities undergoing molecular recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Men
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire , Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires , Université de Strasbourg , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 67000 Strasbourg , France . ; ; Tel: +33 3 68 85 51 44
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Avenue , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire , Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires , Université de Strasbourg , 8 allée Gaspard Monge , 67000 Strasbourg , France . ; ; Tel: +33 3 68 85 51 44
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6
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Robertson CC, Mackenzie HW, Kosikova T, Philp D. An Environmentally Responsive Reciprocal Replicating Network. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6832-6841. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig C. Robertson
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Harold W. Mackenzie
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Kosikova
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Philp
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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7
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Chu G, Vilensky R, Vasilyev G, Martin P, Zhang R, Zussman E. Structure Evolution and Drying Dynamics in Sliding Cholesteric Cellulose Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1845-1851. [PMID: 29584431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of colloidal liquid crystals (LCs) reveals fundamental insights into the nature of ordered materials, giving rise to emergent properties with fascinating applications in soft matter nanotechnology. Here we investigate the shape instabilities, layer undulations, dynamic assembly, and collective behaviors in evaporating a cellulose nanocrystal-based cholesteric LC drop. During the drying process, the drop edges are pinned to the substrate with spontaneous convective flow occurring along the drop, which leads to nonequilibrium sliding of the individual cholesteric fragment with active ordering as well as hydrodynamic fluctuations and flow transitions in the bulk cholesteric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chu
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Rita Vilensky
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Gleb Vasilyev
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Patrick Martin
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
| | - Eyal Zussman
- NanoEngineering Group, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000 , Israel
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8
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Kosikova T, Philp D. Exploring the emergence of complexity using synthetic replicators. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7274-7305. [PMID: 29099123 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A significant number of synthetic systems capable of replicating themselves or entities that are complementary to themselves have appeared in the last 30 years. Building on an understanding of the operation of synthetic replicators in isolation, this field has progressed to examples where catalytic relationships between replicators within the same network and the extant reaction conditions play a role in driving phenomena at the level of the whole system. Systems chemistry has played a pivotal role in the attempts to understand the origin of biological complexity by exploiting the power of synthetic chemistry, in conjunction with the molecular recognition toolkit pioneered by the field of supramolecular chemistry, thereby permitting the bottom-up engineering of increasingly complex reaction networks from simple building blocks. This review describes the advances facilitated by the systems chemistry approach in relating the expression of complex and emergent behaviour in networks of replicators with the connectivity and catalytic relationships inherent within them. These systems, examined within well-stirred batch reactors, represent conceptual and practical frameworks that can then be translated to conditions that permit replicating systems to overcome the fundamental limits imposed on selection processes in networks operating under closed conditions. This shift away from traditional spatially homogeneous reactors towards dynamic and non-equilibrium conditions, such as those provided by reaction-diffusion reaction formats, constitutes a key change that mimics environments within cellular systems, which possess obvious compartmentalisation and inhomogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kosikova
- School of Chemistry and EaStCHEM, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
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9
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Lerond M, Bélanger D, Skene WG. Surface immobilized azomethine for multiple component exchange. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:6639-6646. [PMID: 28926070 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01456b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diazonium chemistry concomitant with in situ electrochemical reduction was used to graft an aryl aldehyde to indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. This served as an anchor for preparing electroactive azomethines that were covalently bonded to the transparent electrode. The immobilized azomethines could undergo multiple step-wise component exchanges with different arylamines. The write-erase-write sequences were electrochemically confirmed. The azomethines could also be reversibly hydrolyzed. This was exploited for multiple azomethine-hydrolysis cycles resulting in discrete electroactive immobilized azomethines. The erase-rewrite sequences were also electrochemically confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lerond
- Laboratoire de caractérisation photophysique des matériaux conjugués, Département de Chimie, Pavillon JA Bombardier, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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10
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Zhang Y, Xie S, Yan M, Ramström O. Dynamic Covalent Chemistry of Aldehyde Enamines: Bi III - and Sc III -Catalysis of Amine-Enamine Exchange. Chemistry 2017; 23:11908-11912. [PMID: 28722305 PMCID: PMC5656824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic exchange of enamines from secondary amines and enolizable aldehydes has been demonstrated in organic solvents. The enamine exchange with amines was efficiently catalyzed by Bi(OTf)3 and Sc(OTf)3 (2 mol %) and the equilibria (60 mm) could be attained within hours at room temperature. The formed dynamic covalent systems displayed high stabilities in basic environment with <2 % by-product formation within one week after complete equilibration. This study expands the scope of dynamic C-N bonds from imine chemistry to enamines, enabling further dynamic methodologies in exploration of this important class of structures in systems chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Sheng Xie
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
| | - Mingdi Yan
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Massachusetts Lowell1 University Ave.LowellMA01854USA
| | - Olof Ramström
- Department of ChemistryKTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyTeknikringen 3610044StockholmSweden
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11
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Lubbe AS, van Leeuwen T, Wezenberg SJ, Feringa BL. Designing dynamic functional molecular systems. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Kulchat S, Chaur MN, Lehn JM. Kinetic Selectivity and Thermodynamic Features of Competitive Imine Formation in Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Chemistry 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirinan Kulchat
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS); Université de Strasbourg; 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028 67000 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Materials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Khon Kaen University, Nai Muang, Muang; Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Manuel N. Chaur
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS); Université de Strasbourg; 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028 67000 Strasbourg Cedex France
- Departamento de Química; Universidad del Valle; Cali Colombia
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS); Université de Strasbourg; 8 allée Gaspard Monge, BP 70028 67000 Strasbourg Cedex France
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13
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14
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Arletti R, Fois E, Gigli L, Vezzalini G, Quartieri S, Tabacchi G. Irreversible Conversion of a Water-Ethanol Solution into an Organized Two-Dimensional Network of Alternating Supramolecular Units in a Hydrophobic Zeolite under Pressure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Arletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra; Università di Torino; Via Valperga Caluso 35 Torino Italy
| | - Ettore Fois
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia; Università dell'Insubria and INSTM; Via Valleggio 9 22100 Como Italy
| | - Lara Gigli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste; Strada Statale 14 34149 Basovizza, Trieste Italy
| | - Giovanna Vezzalini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Simona Quartieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche; Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra; Università di Messina; Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31 98166 Messina S. Agata Italy
| | - Gloria Tabacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia; Università dell'Insubria and INSTM; Via Valleggio 9 22100 Como Italy
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15
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Arletti R, Fois E, Gigli L, Vezzalini G, Quartieri S, Tabacchi G. Irreversible Conversion of a Water-Ethanol Solution into an Organized Two-Dimensional Network of Alternating Supramolecular Units in a Hydrophobic Zeolite under Pressure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2105-2109. [PMID: 28067444 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Turning disorder into organization is a key issue in science. By making use of X-ray powder diffraction and modeling studies, we show herein that high pressures in combination with the shape and space constraints of the hydrophobic all-silica zeolite ferrierite separate an ethanol-water liquid mixture into ethanol dimer wires and water tetramer squares. The confined supramolecular blocks alternate in a binary two-dimensional (2D) architecture that remains stable upon complete pressure release. These results support the combined use of high pressures and porous networks as a viable strategy for driving the organization of molecules or nano-objects towards complex, pre-defined patterns relevant for the realization of novel functional nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Arletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Torino, Via Valperga Caluso 35, Torino, Italy
| | - Ettore Fois
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università dell'Insubria and INSTM, Via Valleggio 9, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - Lara Gigli
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Strada Statale 14, 34149, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giovanna Vezzalini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Simona Quartieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina S. Agata, Italy
| | - Gloria Tabacchi
- Dipartimento di Scienza ed Alta Tecnologia, Università dell'Insubria and INSTM, Via Valleggio 9, 22100, Como, Italy
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16
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Armao JJ, Lehn JM. Nonlinear Kinetic Behavior in Constitutional Dynamic Reaction Networks. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16809-16814. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Armao
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire,
Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire,
Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires
(ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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