1
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Ji P, Duan K, Li M, Wang Z, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang W. Photochemical dearomative skeletal modifications of heteroaromatics. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6600-6624. [PMID: 38817197 PMCID: PMC11181993 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00137k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Dearomatization has emerged as a powerful tool for rapid construction of 3D molecular architectures from simple, abundant, and planar (hetero)arenes. The field has evolved beyond simple dearomatization driven by new synthetic technology development. With the renaissance of photocatalysis and expansion of the activation mode, the last few years have witnessed impressive developments in innovative photochemical dearomatization methodologies, enabling skeletal modifications of dearomatized structures. They offer truly efficient and useful tools for facile construction of highly complex structures, which are viable for natural product synthesis and drug discovery. In this review, we aim to provide a mechanistically insightful overview on these innovations based on the degree of skeletal alteration, categorized into dearomative functionalization and skeletal editing, and to highlight their synthetic utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Kuaikuai Duan
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Menglong Li
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
| | - Yueteng Zhang
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
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2
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An B, Cui H, Zheng C, Chen JL, Lan F, You SL, Zhang X. Tunable C-H functionalization and dearomatization enabled by an organic photocatalyst. Chem Sci 2024; 15:4114-4120. [PMID: 38487217 PMCID: PMC10935768 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
C-H functionalization and dearomatization constitute fundamental transformations of aromatic compounds, which find wide applications in various research areas. However, achieving both transformations from the same substrates with a single catalyst by operating a distinct mechanism remains challenging. Here, we report a photocatalytic strategy to modulate the reaction pathways that can be directed toward either C-H functionalization or dearomatization under redox-neutral or net-reductive conditions, respectively. Two sets of indoles and indolines bearing tertiary alcohols are divergently furnished with good yields and high selectivity. The key to success is the introduction of isoazatruxene ITN-2 as a novel photocatalyst (PC), which outperforms the commonly used PCs. The ready synthesis and high modulability of isoazatruxene type PCs indicate their great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohang An
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Hao Cui
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Feng Lan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 China
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3
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Sun X, Zheng K. Electrochemical halogen-atom transfer alkylation via α-aminoalkyl radical activation of alkyl iodides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6825. [PMID: 37884528 PMCID: PMC10603137 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkyl halides, widely recognized as important building blocks and reagents in organic synthesis, can serve as versatile alkyl radical precursors in radical-based transformations. However, generating alkyl radicals directly from unactivated alkyl halides under mild conditions remains a challenge due to their extremely low reduction potentials. To address this issue, α-aminoalkyl radicals were employed as efficient halogen-atom transfer (XAT) reagents in the photoredox activation of unactivated alkyl halides. Here, we report an effective electrooxidation strategy for generating alkyl radicals from unactivated alkyl iodides via an electrochemical halogen-atom transfer (e-XAT) process under mild conditions. The α-aminoalkyl radicals generated by anodic oxidation are demonstrated to be efficient XAT reagents in these transformations. This facile electricity-driven strategy obviates the need for sacrificial anodes and external chemical oxidants. The method successfully applies to a wide variety of alkyl iodides, including primary, secondary, and tertiary, as well as structurally diverse olefins, exhibiting excellent functional group tolerance. Moreover, we further demonstrate the utility of this strategy by rapidly functionalizing complex molecules and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, PR China.
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4
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Immel JR, Alghafli BM, Rodríguez Ugalde AA, Bloom S. Aqueous Flavin Photoredox Catalysis Drives Exclusive C3-Alkylation of Indolyl Radical Cations in Route to Unnatural Tryptophan Mimetics. Org Lett 2023; 25:3818-3822. [PMID: 37191639 PMCID: PMC11055211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
One way to build chemical diversity into indoles is to oxidize them to indolyl radical cations (Ind•+). These intermediates can accept new functional groups across C2-C3 bonds or independently at C2. Less encountered is selective diversification at C3, a position plagued by competing dearomative side reactions. We disclose an aqueous photoredox-catalyzed method for transforming Ind•+ into C3-substituted tryptophan mimetics that uses water as a transient protecting group to guide site-selective C3 alkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Immel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Gray Little Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Bayan M Alghafli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Gray Little Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Allen Alonso Rodríguez Ugalde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Gray Little Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Steven Bloom
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Gray Little Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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5
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Zhang Z, Chen Y, He L, Xie L, Chen Z. Regioselective Synthesis of Indole-Fused Seven-Membered N-Heterocycles via Photoredox-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14394-14406. [PMID: 36206145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the construction of indole-fused seven-membered N- and O-heterocycles from indolyl α-diazocarbonyls via photoredox-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization. The photoredox process features operational simplicity, mild conditions, and as low as 0.1 mol % catalyst loading. The tricyclic heterocycles are obtained in yields of 24 to 67% with excellent regioselectivity. The practicality of this protocol is further demonstrated by gram-scale reactions carried out in both batch and continuous flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Linrong He
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lihua Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Zhitao Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
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6
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Chen B, Yu K, Wu XF. Visible-light-induced defluorinative carbonylative coupling of alkyl iodides with α-trifluoromethyl substituted styrenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5264-5269. [PMID: 35723274 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00916a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-mediated defluorinative carbonylative cross-coupling of alkyl iodides with α-trifluoromethyl styrenes has been developed. The reaction occurs at room temperature under blue light irradiation, and various gem-difluoroalkenes were obtained in moderate to good yields. Synthetic transformations of the obtained product were performed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kai Yu
- Shenyang Gold Jyouki Technology Co., Ltd, 110023 Fushun, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, Liaoning, China. .,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
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7
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Luo J, Zeng G, Cao X, Yin B. Visible‐Light‐Induced [2+2+1] Dearomative Cascade Cyclization of Indole/Furan Alkynes to Synthesize Sulfonyl Polycycles. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Guohui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Cao
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Biaolin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
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8
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Li JT, Luo JN, Wang JL, Wang DK, Yu YZ, Zhuo CX. Stereoselective intermolecular radical cascade reactions of tryptophans or ɤ-alkenyl-α-amino acids with acrylamides via photoredox catalysis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1778. [PMID: 35365669 PMCID: PMC8976070 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The radical cascade reaction is considered as one of the most powerful methods to build molecular complexity. However, highly stereoselective intermolecular radical cascade reactions that can produce complex cyclic compounds bearing multiple stereocenters via visible-light-induced photocatalysis have been challenging yet desirable. Herein we report a facile and efficient synthesis of multi-substituted trans-fused hexahydrocarbazoles via a stereoselective intermolecular radical cascade reaction of readily available tryptophans and acrylamides enabled by visible-light-induced photoredox catalysis. The trans-fused hexahydrocarbazoles with up to five stereocenters including two quaternary ones can be accessed in up to 82% yield, >20/1 diastereoselectivity, and 96% ee. Interestingly, the tetrahydrocarbazoles are favorably formed when the reaction is performed under air. Moreover, by simply switching the starting material from tryptophans to ɤ-alkenyl substituted α-amino acids, this protocol can be further applied to the stereoselective syntheses of 1,3,5-trisubstituted cyclohexanes which are otherwise challenging to access. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction goes through radical addition cascade and radical-polar crossover processes. Photocatalytic radical cascade reactions enable the facile construction of diverse cyclic compounds, though they rely on templated precursors. In this paper, the authors report on stereoselective intermolecular radical cascade reaction between tryptophan or ɤ-alkenyl substituted amino acids and acrylamides to synthesise multi-substituted trans-fused hexahydrocarbazoles or 1,3,5-trisubstituted cyclohexanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Nan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Ku Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhe Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xiang Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Cheng YZ, Feng Z, Zhang X, You SL. Visible-light induced dearomatization reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2145-2170. [PMID: 35212320 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00311h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions provide rapid access to structurally complex three-dimensional molecules from simple aromatic compounds. Plenty of reports have demonstrated their utilities in the synthesis of natural products, medicinal chemistry, and materials science in the last decades. Recently, visible-light mediated photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to promote many kinds of transformations. The dearomatization reactions induced by visible-light have also made significant progress during the past several years. This review provides an overview of visible-light induced dearomatization reactions classified based on the manner in which aromaticity is disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zuolijun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
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10
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Mekheimer RA, Abd-Elmonem M, Abou Elsebaa M, Nazmy MH, Sadek KU. Recent developments in the green synthesis of biologically relevant cinnolines and phthalazines. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022; 0. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Both cinnolines and phthalazines are heterocyclic compounds which have a wide range of biological activities and pharmacological profiles. This work represents the recent advances in the green synthesis of cinnolines and phthalazines as 1,2 and 2,3-diazanaphalenes were cited. The docking studies and mode of action for key scaffolds were also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Abd-Elmonem
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abou Elsebaa
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Maiiada Hassan Nazmy
- Biochemistry Department , Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Kamal Usef Sadek
- Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
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11
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Ma N, Guo L, Shen ZJ, Qi D, Yang C, Xia W. Cascade Cyclization for the Synthesis of Indolo[2,1-α]isoquinoline Derivatives via Visible-Light-Induced Halogen-Atom-Transfer (XAT) and Hydrogen-Atom-Transfer (HAT). Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1731-1737. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02480a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A transition metal-free photoredox cascade cyclization is herein reported. In this protocol, sustainable visible light was used as energy source and organic light-emitting molecule Eosin Y served as efficient photocatalyst....
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12
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Huang XL, Cheng YZ, You SL. Visible-light enabled synthesis of cyclopropane-fused indolines via dearomatization of indoles. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01174c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of methylene-unsubstituted cyclopropane-fused indolines via photoredox catalyzed dearomative cyclopropanation of indole derivatives was developed. A broad range of indoles bearing a variety of functional groups were compatible...
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13
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Yue F, Dong J, Liu Y, Wang Q. Visible-Light-Mediated C-I Difluoroallylation with an α-Aminoalkyl Radical as a Mediator. Org Lett 2021; 23:7306-7310. [PMID: 34494433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a protocol for direct visible-light-mediated C-I difluoroallylation reactions of α-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with alkyl iodides at room temperature with an α-aminoalkyl radical as a mediator. The protocol permits efficient functionalization of various α-trifluoromethyl arylalkenes with cyclic and acyclic primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides and is scalable to the gram level. This mild protocol uses an inexpensive mediator and is suitable for late-stage functionalization of complex natural products and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wuttig A, Derrick JS, Loipersberger M, Snider A, Head-Gordon M, Chang CJ, Toste FD. Controlled Single-Electron Transfer via Metal-Ligand Cooperativity Drives Divergent Nickel-Electrocatalyzed Radical Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6990-7001. [PMID: 33915049 PMCID: PMC10877625 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis enables the construction of C-C bonds under mild conditions via controlled formation of carbon-centered radicals. For sequences initiated by alkyl halide reduction, coordinatively unsaturated Ni complexes commonly serve as single-electron transfer agents, giving rise to the foundational question of whether outer- or inner-sphere electron transfer oxidative addition prevails in redox mediation. Indeed, rational design of electrochemical processes requires the discrimination of these two electron transfer pathways, as they can have outsized effects on the rate of substrate bond activation and thus impact radical generation rates and downstream product selectivities. We present results from combined synthetic, electroanalytical, and computational studies that examine the mechanistic differences of single electron transfer to alkyl halides imparted by Ni metal-ligand cooperativity. Electrogenerated reduced Ni species, stabilized by delocalized spin density onto a redox-active tpyPY2Me polypyridyl ligand, activates alkyl iodides via outer-sphere electron transfer, allowing for the selective activation of alkyl iodide substrates over halogen atom donors and the controlled generation and sequestration of electrogenerated radicals. In contrast, the Ni complex possessing a redox-innocent pentapyridine congener activates the substrates in an inner-sphere fashion owning to a purely metal-localized spin, thereby activating both substrates and halogen atom donors in an indiscriminate fashion, generating a high concentration of radicals and leading to unproductive dimerization. Our data establish that controlled electron transfer via Ni-ligand cooperativity can be used to limit undesired radical recombination products and promote selective radical processes in electrochemical environments, providing a generalizable framework for designing redox mediators with distinct rate and potential requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wuttig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
| | - Jeffrey S. Derrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
| | - Matthias Loipersberger
- Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
| | - Andrew Snider
- Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
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15
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Kalaitzakis D, Bosveli A, Sfakianaki K, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Multi-Photocatalyst Cascades: Merging Singlet Oxygen Photooxygenations with Photoredox Catalysis for the Synthesis of Alkaloid Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4335-4341. [PMID: 33119205 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of photocascades that rapidly transform simple and readily accessible furan substrates into polycyclic alkaloid frameworks or erythrina natural products is described. Each of the sequences developed makes use of photocatalyzed energy transfer processes, which generate singlet oxygen, to set up the substrates for the second photocatalyzed reaction, wherein electron transfer generates carbon-centered radicals for the cyclizations that give the final complex frameworks. A chemical switch has been developed that can "switch off" one photocatalyst; thus, allowing a second photocatalyst to take over control of the sequence. As a corollary, this strategy represents the first time it has been possible to use multiple photocatalysts in photocascades, and, as such, it expands significantly the reactions that can be included in such cascades and the order in which they can be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Artemis Bosveli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Sfakianaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vasilika Vouton, 71003, Iraklion, Crete, Greece
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16
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Zhang Y, Ji P, Gao F, Dong Y, Huang H, Wang C, Zhou Z, Wang W. Organophotocatalytic dearomatization of indoles, pyrroles and benzo(thio)furans via a Giese-type transformation. Commun Chem 2021; 4:20. [PMID: 36697532 PMCID: PMC9814947 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessing fascinating organic and biological significant indolines via dearomatization of indoles represents one of the most efficient approaches. However, it has been difficult for the dearomatization of the electron deficient indoles. Here we report the studies leading to developing a photoredox mediated Giese-type transformation strategy for the dearomatization of the indoles. The reaction has been implemented for chemoselectively breaking indolyl C=C bonds embedded in the aromatic system. The synthetic power of this strategy has been demonstrated by using structurally diverse indoles bearing common electron-withdrawing groups including (thio)ester, amide, ketone, nitrile and even aromatics at either C2 or C3 positions and ubiquitous carboxylic acids as radical coupling partner with high trans-stereoselectivity (>20:1 dr). This manifold can also be applied to other aromatic heterocycles including pyrroles, benzofurans and benzothiophenes. Furthermore, enantioselective dearomatization of indoles has been achieved by a chiral camphorsultam auxiliary with high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueteng Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Yue Dong
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - He Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Changqing Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ziyuan Zhou
- National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Chemistry and Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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17
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Kalaitzakis D, Bosveli A, Sfakianaki K, Montagnon T, Vassilikogiannakis G. Multi‐Photocatalyst Cascades: Merging Singlet Oxygen Photooxygenations with Photoredox Catalysis for the Synthesis of Alkaloid Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kalaitzakis
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Artemis Bosveli
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Kalliopi Sfakianaki
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
| | - Tamsyn Montagnon
- Department of Chemistry University of Crete Vasilika Vouton 71003 Iraklion Crete Greece
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18
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Photoinduced Dearomatizing Three‐Component Coupling of Arylphosphines, Alkenes, and Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Masuda Y, Tsuda H, Murakami M. Photoinduced Dearomatizing Three-Component Coupling of Arylphosphines, Alkenes, and Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3551-3555. [PMID: 33085144 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A unique photoinduced reaction that couples a triarylphosphine, an alkene, and water to produce 2-(cyclohexa-2,5-dienyl)ethylphosphine oxide is reported herein. The alkene inserts into a C(aryl)-P bond of the arylphosphine, the aryl ring is dearomatized into the cyclohexadienyl ring, and the phosphorus is oxidized. The three components are all readily available, and their intermolecular coupling significantly increases molecular complexity. The products formed are applicable to the Wittig olefination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Masuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiromu Tsuda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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20
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Zhang Y, Ji P, Gao F, Huang H, Zeng F, Wang W. Photoredox Asymmetric Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Indoles with Neutral Radicals. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueteng Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Peng Ji
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - He Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-0001, United States
| | - Fanxun Zeng
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Chemistry & Biochemistry, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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21
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Zhuang W, Cheng YZ, Huang XL, Huang Q, Zhang X. Visible-light induced divergent dearomatization of indole derivatives: controlled access to cyclobutane-fused polycycles and 2-substituted indolines. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01322f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced catalytic, divergent dearomative functionalization of indole derivatives is achieved, thereby leading to the formation of cyclobutane-fused polycycles and 2-substituted indolines in a controllable fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xu-Lun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
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22
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Huang XL, Cheng YZ, Zhang X, You SL. Photoredox-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydroalkylative Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Indole Derivatives. Org Lett 2020; 22:9699-9705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Lun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Lu, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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23
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Zheng L, Tao K, Guo W. Recent Developments in Photo‐Catalyzed/Promoted Synthesis of Indoles and Their Functionalization: Reactions and Mechanisms. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lvyin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
| | - Kailiang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organo-pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province Gannan Normal University Ganzhou 341000 People's Republic of China
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24
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Liu Q, Mei Y, Wang L, Ma Y, Li P. Visible‐Light‐Induced Radical Cascade Cyclizations of 1,7‐Enynes with Sulfinic Acids: Direct Access to Sulfonated Chromanes and Sulfonated Tetrahydroquinolines under Metal‐Free Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry Taizhou University Taizhou Zhejiang 318000 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yousheng Mei
- Department of Chemistry Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry Taizhou University Taizhou Zhejiang 318000 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry Taizhou University Taizhou Zhejiang 318000 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry Huaibei Normal University Huaibei Anhui 235000 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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25
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Tatunashvili E, McErlean CSP. Generation and reaction of alkyl radicals in open reaction vessels. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7818-7821. [PMID: 32975250 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple process to transform alkyl iodides into reactive alkyl radicals is described. Aryl diazonium salts react with Hantzsch esters and molecular oxygen to give aryl radicals, which participate in halogen atom transfers to give alkyl radicals. These intermediates react with a variety of acceptors. The reaction cascade occurs at room temperature, in open reaction vessels, with short reaction times.
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26
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Zhang H, Chen P, Yang H, Ma S, Wang Z, Xie X, Wang X, Li H, She X. A Strategy to Construct cis-Hydrocarbazole via Nickel/Lewis Acid Dual-Catalyzed Arylcyanation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3954-3962. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peiqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hesi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shiqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xingang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Huilin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuegong She
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 TianShui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
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27
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Constantin T, Zanini M, Regni A, Sheikh NS, Juliá F, Leonori D. Aminoalkyl radicals as halogen-atom transfer agents for activation of alkyl and aryl halides. Science 2020; 367:1021-1026. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aba2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Organic halides are important building blocks in synthesis, but their use in (photo)redox chemistry is limited by their low reduction potentials. Halogen-atom transfer remains the most reliable approach to exploit these substrates in radical processes despite its requirement for hazardous reagents and initiators such as tributyltin hydride. In this study, we demonstrate that α-aminoalkyl radicals, easily accessible from simple amines, promote the homolytic activation of carbon-halogen bonds with a reactivity profile mirroring that of classical tin radicals. This strategy conveniently engages alkyl and aryl halides in a wide range of redox transformations to construct sp3-sp3, sp3-sp2, and sp2-sp2 carbon-carbon bonds under mild conditions with high chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margherita Zanini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alessio Regni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabio Juliá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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28
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4121-4130. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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29
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Leitch JA, Rogova T, Duarte F, Dixon DJ. Dearomative Photocatalytic Construction of Bridged 1,3‐Diazepanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Leitch
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Tatiana Rogova
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Research Laboratory University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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30
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Wang C, Zhang J, Wang Z, Hui XP. Efficiently diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized hydro-carbazoles by base-mediated tandem annulation of 1-(2-amino-aryl)prop-2-en-1-ones and sulfur ylide. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The base-promoted [3 + 3]/[1 + 4] tandem reaction of tosyl-protected o-amino α,β-unsaturated ketones and crotonate-derived sulfur ylide is developed for efficiently diastereoselective synthesis of functionalized hydrocarbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Zheyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
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31
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Yao B, Miao T, Wei W, Li P, Wang L. Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of Arylsulfonylhydrazones Derived from ortho-Alkynyl Arylketones: Regioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Cinnolines. Org Lett 2019; 21:9291-9295. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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32
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Beemelmanns C, Nitsch D, Bentz C, Reissig HU. Stereoselective Cascade Cyclizations with Samarium Diiodide to Tetracyclic Indolines: Precursors of Fluorostrychnines and Brucine. Chemistry 2019; 25:8780-8789. [PMID: 31033048 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of γ-indolylketones with fluorine, cyano or alkoxy substituents at the benzene moiety was prepared and subjected to samarium diiodide-promoted cyclization reactions. The desired dearomatizing ketyl cascade reaction forming two new rings proceeded in all cases with high diastereoselectivity, but with differing product distribution. In most cases, the desired annulated tetracyclic compounds were obtained in moderate to good yields, but as second product tetracyclic spirolactones were isolated in up to 29 % yield. The reaction rate was influenced by the substituents at the benzene moiety of the substrate as expected, with electron-accepting groups accelerating and electron-donating groups decelerating the cyclization process. In case of a difluoro-substituted γ-indolylketone a partial defluorination was observed. The intermediate samarium enolate of the tetracyclic products could be trapped by adding reactive alkylating agents as electrophiles delivering products with quarternary carbons. In the case of a dimethoxy-substituted tetracyclic cyclization product a subsequent reductive amination stereoselectively provided a pentacyclic compound that was subsequently N-protected and subjected to a regioselective elimination. The obtained functionalized pentacyclic product should be convertible into the alkaloid brucine by four well-established steps. Overall, the presented report shows that functionalized tetracyclic compounds with different substituents are rapidly available with the samarium diiodide cascade cyclization as crucial step. Hence, analogues of the landmark alkaloid strychnine, for example, with specific fluorine substitutions, should be easily accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Beemelmanns
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Institut für Naturstoff-Forschung und Infektionsbiologie, Beutenbergstraße 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Dominik Nitsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bentz
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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33
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Dierks A, Schmidtmann M, Christoffers J. Synthesis of Annulated Indolines by Reductive Fischer Indolization. Chemistry 2019; 25:5451-5462. [PMID: 30741459 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic β-oxoesters and arylhydrazine derivatives were converted at ambient temperature under modified Fischer indolization conditions to furnish annulated indolines with quaternary bridgehead carbon center. Reaction conditions were Brønsted acidic (with CF3 CO2 H), but also reductive (with Et3 SiH). The latter reduced intermediate iminium ions under formation of the 2,3-dihydroindole product constitutions. Racemic products (13 examples) were obtained as single diastereoisomers with relative cis-configuration, which was proved in two cases by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. Conversion of 4-bromo-1-indanone-2-carboxylate and 4-bromophenylhydrazine gave indeno[1,2-b]indolines with either 1-bromo, 8-bromo, or 1,8-dibromo substitution, which were further diversified by Suzuki coupling reactions with several arylboronic acids (nine examples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dierks
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jens Christoffers
- Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany
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34
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Serusi L, Bonnans M, Luridiana A, Secci F, Caboni P, Boddaert T, Aitken DJ, Frongia A. Brønsted acid Catalysed Synthesis of 3‐(2‐Alkoxyethyl)indoles from α‐Arylaminocyclobutanones and Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Serusi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di CagliariComplesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S.554 Bivio per Sestu I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari Italy
| | - Marie Bonnans
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di CagliariComplesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S.554 Bivio per Sestu I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari Italy
| | - Alberto Luridiana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di CagliariComplesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S.554 Bivio per Sestu I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari Italy
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris SudUniversité Paris Saclay 15 rue Georges Clemenceau 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Francesco Secci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di CagliariComplesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S.554 Bivio per Sestu I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'AmbienteUniversità degli Studi di Cagliari Via Ospedale 72 09124 Cagliari Italy
| | - Thomas Boddaert
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris SudUniversité Paris Saclay 15 rue Georges Clemenceau 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - David J. Aitken
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group, ICMMO, CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris SudUniversité Paris Saclay 15 rue Georges Clemenceau 91405 Orsay cedex France
| | - Angelo Frongia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di CagliariComplesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S.554 Bivio per Sestu I-09042 Monserrato, Cagliari Italy
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35
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Liu S, Chen K, Hao WJ, Tu XC, Tu SJ, Jiang B. Generation of 1,3-Dimethylene-Substituted Isobenzofurans via Pd(II)-Catalyzed Selective Oxo-cyclization/SO2 Insertion Cascade of β-Alkynyl Ketones. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1964-1971. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Ke Chen
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Chao Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
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36
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Xu K, Liu H, Hou Y, Shen J, Liu D, Zhang W. A Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution cascade via an asymmetric desymmetrization for the synthesis of bicyclic dihydrofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:13295-13298. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07204g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral bicyclic dihydrofurans bearing two vicinal carbon stereocenters have been synthesized in high yields and with up to 97% ee via a Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution cascade and an asymmetric desymmetrization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Hao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Yilin Hou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Jiefeng Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Delong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- 800 Dongchuan Road
- Shanghai 200240
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37
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Festa AA, Voskressensky LG, Van der Eycken EV. Visible light-mediated chemistry of indoles and related heterocycles. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4401-4423. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00790j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The impact of visible light-promoted chemistry on the functionalization of indoles and related heterocycles is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Festa
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Erik V. Van der Eycken
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- Laboratory for Organic & Microwave-Assisted Chemistry (LOMAC)
- Department of Chemistry
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38
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Yao B, Miao T, Li P, Wang L. Direct Synthesis of Benzo[f]indazoles from Sulfonyl Hydrazines and 1,3-Enynes by Copper-Catalyzed Annulation. Org Lett 2018; 21:124-128. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tao Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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39
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Porcu S, Demuro S, Luridiana A, Cocco A, Frongia A, Aitken DJ, Charnay-Pouget F, Guillot R, Sarais G, Secci F. Brønsted Acid Mediated Cascade Reaction To Access 3-(2-Bromoethyl)benzofurans. Org Lett 2018; 20:7699-7702. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Porcu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - Stefania Demuro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - Alberto Luridiana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - Andrea Cocco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - Angelo Frongia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
| | - David J. Aitken
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group & Services Communs, ICMMO (UMR 8182), CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Florence Charnay-Pouget
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group & Services Communs, ICMMO (UMR 8182), CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Regis Guillot
- CP3A Organic Synthesis Group & Services Communs, ICMMO (UMR 8182), CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 15 rue Georges Clemenceau, 91405 Orsay, Cedex, France
| | - Giorgia Sarais
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Palazzo delle Scienze, via Ospedale 82, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Secci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Complesso Universitario di Monserrato, S.S. 554, bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato (Ca) Italy
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40
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Fischer C, Sparr C. Synthesis of 1,5-bifunctional organolithium reagents by a double directed ortho-metalation: Direct transformation of esters into 1,8-dimethoxy-acridinium salts. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Alpers D, Cole KP, Stephenson CRJ. Visible Light Mediated Aryl Migration by Homolytic C−N Cleavage of Aryl Amines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:12167-12170. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Alpers
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule Design and Development; Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company; Indianapolis IN 46285 USA
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42
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Alpers D, Cole KP, Stephenson CRJ. Arylmigration durch sichtbares Licht unter homolytischer C-N-Spaltung in Arylaminen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Alpers
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Small Molecule Design and Development; Lilly Research Laboratories; Eli Lilly and Company; Indianapolis IN 46285 USA
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43
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Zhao Y, Lv Y, Xia W. Synthesis of Cyclic Compounds via Photoinduced Radical Cyclization Cascade of C=C bonds. CHEM REC 2018; 19:424-439. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zhao
- College of Chemical and Material EngineeringQuzhou University Quzhou Zhejiang 324000 China
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentSchool of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Guangzhou 518055 China
| | - Yanwen Lv
- College of Chemical and Material EngineeringQuzhou University Quzhou Zhejiang 324000 China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentSchool of ScienceHarbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen Guangzhou 518055 China
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44
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Li Y, Chang Y, Li Y, Cao C, Yang J, Wang B, Liang D. Iron-Catalyzed exo
-Selective Synthesis of Cyanoalkyl Indolines via Cyanoisopropylarylation of Unactivated Alkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Yufen Li
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshuang Yang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Baoling Wang
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Liang
- Department of Chemistry; Kunming University; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Engineering Technology Research Center for Plastic Films; Kunming 650214 People's Republic of China
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45
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Grübel M, Bosque I, Altmann PJ, Bach T, Hess CR. Redox and photocatalytic properties of a Ni II complex with a macrocyclic biquinazoline (Mabiq) ligand. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3313-3317. [PMID: 29780460 PMCID: PMC5932533 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05320g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a late, first row transition metal photosensitizer that promotes photocatalytic C-C bond formation. The title compound, [Ni(Mabiq)]OTf, as well as its one-electron reduced form, Ni(Mabiq), were synthesized and molecular structures of both were obtained. The electronic structure of the reduced complex additionally was characterized by spectroscopic and DFT computational methods. Notably, [NiII(Mabiq)]OTf is photoactive: reduction of the compound was achieved photochemically upon irradiation at λ = 457 nm and reductive quenching by NEt3. The performance of [Ni(Mabiq)]OTf as a photoredox catalyst was examined in the cyclization of a bromoalkyl-substituted indole. In this reaction, the first-row transition metal compound is comparable if not superior to [Ru(bpy)3]2+ in terms of efficiency (turnover number) and chemoselectivity. Studies using a series of sacrificial donor amines indicate that the excited state redox potential of [Ni(Mabiq)]+* is ≥1.25 V vs. SCE. This value is similar to the excited state potential of commonly employed noble metal based photocatalysts. The Ni-Mabiq compound thus provides a rare example of an earth-abundant photoredox catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Grübel
- Department of Chemistry , Catalysis Research Center (CRC) , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany . ;
| | - Irene Bosque
- Department of Chemistry , Catalysis Research Center (CRC) , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany . ;
| | - Philipp J Altmann
- Department of Chemistry , Catalysis Research Center (CRC) , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany . ;
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department of Chemistry , Catalysis Research Center (CRC) , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany . ;
| | - Corinna R Hess
- Department of Chemistry , Catalysis Research Center (CRC) , Technische Universität München , 85747 Garching , Germany . ;
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46
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Wu J, Nandi RK, Guillot R, Kouklovsky C, Vincent G. Dearomative Diallylation of N-Acylindoles Mediated by FeCl3. Org Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Wu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe MSMT, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Raj Kumar Nandi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe MSMT, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe MSMT, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Cyrille Kouklovsky
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe MSMT, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Vincent
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay (ICMMO), Equipe MSMT, Univ. Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 Cedex, France
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47
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Zhang X, Qin J, Huang X, Meggers E. One-Pot Sequential Photoredox Chemistry and Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation with a Single Catalyst. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Jie Qin
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Xiaoqiang Huang
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie; Philipps-Universität Marburg; Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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48
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Liu T, Jia W, Xi Q, Chen Y, Wang X, Yin D. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Heterocycles: Al(OTf)3-Promoted Cascade Cyclization and Ionic Hydrogenation. J Org Chem 2018; 83:1387-1393. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Jia
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Qiumu Xi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances
Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yonghui Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances
Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Dali Yin
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines,
Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances
Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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49
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Liu F, Wang JY, Zhou P, Li G, Hao WJ, Tu SJ, Jiang B. Merging [2+2] Cycloaddition with Radical 1,4-Addition: Metal-Free Access to Functionalized Cyclobuta[a
]naphthalen-4-ols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15570-15574. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Jia-Yin Wang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
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50
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Liu F, Wang JY, Zhou P, Li G, Hao WJ, Tu SJ, Jiang B. Merging [2+2] Cycloaddition with Radical 1,4-Addition: Metal-Free Access to Functionalized Cyclobuta[a
]naphthalen-4-ols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Jia-Yin Wang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Shu-Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science; Jiangsu Normal University; Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116 China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Texas Tech University; Lubbock Texas 79409-1061 USA
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