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Liu X, Zhou C, Qi H, Wang F, Huang G, Li K, Na Z. An Innovative Concept of Membrane-Free Redox Flow Batteries with Near-Zero Contact Distance Between Electrodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2310845. [PMID: 38593367 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Given that the ion-exchange membrane takes up more than 30% of redox flow battery (RFB) cost, considerable cost reduction is anticipated with the membrane-free design. However, eliminating the membrane/separator would expose the membrane-free RFBs to a higher risk of short-circuits, and the dendrite growth may aggravate this issue. The current strategy based on expanding distances between electrodes is proposed to address short-circuit issues. Nevertheless, this approach would decrease the energy efficiency (EE) and could not restrain dendrite growth fundamentally. Herein, an inexpensive and electron-insulating boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)-Nylon hybrid interlayer (BN/Nylon) is developed for general membrane-free RFBs to achieve "near-zero distance" contact between electrodes. And the Lewis acid sites (B atoms) in BNNS can interact with the Lewis base anions in electrolytes, enabling a reduced Pb2+concentration gradient. Additionally, the ultrahigh thermal conductivity and mechanical strength of BNNSs promote the uniform plating/stripping process of Pb and PbO2. Compared with conventional soluble lead RFBs, introducing BN/Nylon interlayers boosts EE by ≈38.2% at 25 mA cm-2, and extends the cycle life to 100 cycles. This innovative strategy premieres the application of the BN/Nylon interlayer concept, offering a novel perspective for the development of general membrane-free RFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Liu
- Liaoning Engineering Laboratory of Special Optical Functional Crystals College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, P. R. China
| | - Chenming Zhou
- Foshan Graduate School, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528311, P. R. China
| | - Houkai Qi
- Liaoning Engineering Laboratory of Special Optical Functional Crystals College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Zhongshan Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, 528437, P. R. China
| | - Gang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolin Na
- Liaoning Engineering Laboratory of Special Optical Functional Crystals College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, P. R. China
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Yang H, Lin S, Qu Y, Wang G, Xiang S, Liu F, Wang C, Tang H, Wang D, Wang Z, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wu Y. An Ultra-Low Self-Discharge Aqueous|Organic Membraneless Battery with Minimized Br 2 Cross-Over. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307780. [PMID: 38168899 PMCID: PMC10870083 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Batteries dissolving active materials in liquids possess safety and size advantages compared to solid-based batteries, yet the intrinsic liquid properties lead to material cross-over induced self-discharge both during cycling and idle when the electrolytes are in contact, thus highly efficient and cost-effective solutions to minimize cross-over are in high demand. An ultra-low self-discharge aqueous|organic membraneless battery using dichloromethane (CH2 Cl2 ) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr) added to a zinc bromide (ZnBr2 ) solution as the electrolyte is demonstrated. The polybromide is confined in the organic phase, and bromine (Br2 ) diffusion-induced self-discharge is minimized. At 90% state of charge (SOC), the membraneless ZnBr2 |TBABr (Z|T) battery shows an open circuit voltage (OCV) drop of only 42 mV after 120 days, 152 times longer than the ZnBr2 battery, and superior to 102 previous reports from all types of liquid active material batteries. The 120-day capacity retention of 95.5% is higher than commercial zinc-nickel (Zn-Ni) batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB, electrolytes stored separately) and close to lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. Z|T achieves >500 cycles (2670 h, 0.5 m electrolyte, 250 folds of membraneless ZnBr2 battery) with ≈100% Coulombic efficiency (CE). The simple and cost-effective design of Z|T provides a conceptual inspiration to regulate material cross-over in liquid-based batteries to realize extended operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Yang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Yunpeng Qu
- College of PhysicsGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Guotao Wang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Shuangfei Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Fiber MaterialsZhejiang Sci‐Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Fuzhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225002China
| | - Hao Tang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Zhoulu Wang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Xiang Liu
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
| | - Yutong Wu
- School of Energy Sciences and EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjingJiangsu211816China
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3
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Yang X, Wang X, Xiang Y, Ma L, Huang W. Asymmetric Electrolytes Design for Aqueous Multivalent Metal Ion Batteries. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:51. [PMID: 38099969 PMCID: PMC10724106 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of portable electronics and electric road vehicles, high-energy-density batteries have been becoming front-burner issues. Traditionally, homogeneous electrolyte cannot simultaneously meet diametrically opposed demands of high-potential cathode and low-potential anode, which are essential for high-voltage batteries. Meanwhile, homogeneous electrolyte is difficult to achieve bi- or multi-functions to meet different requirements of electrodes. In comparison, the asymmetric electrolyte with bi- or multi-layer disparate components can satisfy distinct requirements by playing different roles of each electrolyte layer and meanwhile compensates weakness of individual electrolyte. Consequently, the asymmetric electrolyte can not only suppress by-product sedimentation and continuous electrolyte decomposition at the anode while preserving active substances at the cathode for high-voltage batteries with long cyclic lifespan. In this review, we comprehensively divide asymmetric electrolytes into three categories: decoupled liquid-state electrolytes, bi-phase solid/liquid electrolytes and decoupled asymmetric solid-state electrolytes. The design principles, reaction mechanism and mutual compatibility are also studied, respectively. Finally, we provide a comprehensive vision for the simplification of structure to reduce costs and increase device energy density, and the optimization of solvation structure at anolyte/catholyte interface to realize fast ion transport kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China
| | - Longtao Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Z, Liu X, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhang C, Li X, Yu G. Development of flow battery technologies using the principles of sustainable chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6031-6074. [PMID: 37539656 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00765g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Realizing decarbonization and sustainable energy supply by the integration of variable renewable energies has become an important direction for energy development. Flow batteries (FBs) are currently one of the most promising technologies for large-scale energy storage. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art progress in FBs from the new perspectives of technological and environmental sustainability, thus guiding the future development of FB technologies. More importantly, we evaluate the current situation and future development of key materials with key aspects of green economy and decarbonization to promote sustainable development and improve the novel energy framework. Finally, we present an analysis of the current challenges and prospects on how to effectively construct low-carbon and sustainable FB materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Zhao
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xianghui Liu
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Leyuan Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Changkun Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Guihua Yu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program and Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
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5
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Gautam RK, Wang X, Lashgari A, Sinha S, McGrath J, Siwakoti R, Jiang JJ. Development of high-voltage and high-energy membrane-free nonaqueous lithium-based organic redox flow batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4753. [PMID: 37553368 PMCID: PMC10409715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium-based nonaqueous redox flow batteries (LRFBs) are alternative systems to conventional aqueous redox flow batteries because of their higher operating voltage and theoretical energy density. However, the use of ion-selective membranes limits the large-scale applicability of LRFBs. Here, we report high-voltage membrane-free LRFBs based on an all-organic biphasic system that uses Li metal anode and 2,4,6-tri-(1-cyclohexyloxy-4-imino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine)-1,3,5-triazine (Tri-TEMPO), N-propyl phenothiazine (C3-PTZ), and tris(dialkylamino)cyclopropenium (CP) cathodes. Under static conditions, the Li||Tri-TEMPO, Li||C3-PTZ, and Li||CP batteries with 0.5 M redox-active material deliver capacity retentions of 98%, 98%, and 92%, respectively, for 100 cycles over ~55 days at the current density of 1 mA/cm2 and a temperature of 27 °C. Moreover, the Li||Tri-TEMPO (0.5 M) flow battery delivers an initial average cell discharge voltage of 3.45 V and an energy density of ~33 Wh/L. This flow battery also demonstrates 81% of capacity for 100 cycles over ~45 days with average Coulombic efficiency of 96% and energy efficiency of 82% at the current density of 1.5 mA/cm2 and at a temperature of 27 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev K Gautam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Amir Lashgari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Jack McGrath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Rabin Siwakoti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Jianbing Jimmy Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA.
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6
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Lowe GA. Enabling artificial photosynthesis systems with molecular recycling: A review of photo- and electrochemical methods for regenerating organic sacrificial electron donors. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1198-1215. [PMID: 37592934 PMCID: PMC10428615 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review surveys advances in the literature that impact organic sacrificial electron donor recycling in artificial photosynthesis. Systems for photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction are optimized using sacrificial electron donors. One strategy for coupling carbon dioxide reduction and water oxidation to achieve artificial photosynthesis is to use a redox mediator, or recyclable electron donor. This review highlights photo- and electrochemical methods for recycling amines and NADH analogues that can be used as electron donors in artificial photosynthesis. Important properties of sacrificial donors and recycling strategies are also discussed. Compounds from other fields, such as redox flow batteries and decoupled water splitting research, are introduced as alternative recyclable sacrificial electron donors and their oxidation potentials are compared to the redox potentials of some model photosensitizers. The aim of this review is to act as a reference for researchers developing photocatalytic systems with sacrificial electron donors, and for researchers interested in designing new redox mediator and recyclable electron donor species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace A Lowe
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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7
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Nakao K, Noda K, Hashimoto H, Nakagawa M, Nishimi T, Ohira A, Sato Y, Kato D, Kamata T, Niwa O, Kunitake M. Electrochemistry in bicontinuous microemulsions derived from two immiscible electrolyte solutions for a membrane-free redox flow battery. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 641:348-358. [PMID: 36940591 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESES Bicontinuous microemulsions (BMEs) have attracted attention as unique heterogeneous mixture for electrochemistry. An interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) is an electrochemical system that straddles the interface between a saline and an organic solvent with a lipophilic electrolyte. Although most BMEs have been reported with nonpolar oils, such as toluene and fatty acids, it should be possible to construct a sponge-like three-dimensionally expanded ITIES comprising a BME phase. EXPERIMENTS Dichloromethane (DCM)-water microemulsions stabilized by a surfactant were investigated in terms of the concentrations of co-surfactants and hydrophilic/lipophilic salts. A Winsor III microemulsion three-layer system, consisting of an upper saline phase, a middle BME phase, and a lower DCM phase, was prepared, and electrochemistry was conducted in each phase. FINDINGS We found the conditions for ITIES-BME phases. Regardless of where the three electrodes were placed in the macroscopically heterogeneous three-layer system, electrochemistry was possible, as in a homogeneous electrolyte solution. This indicates that the anodic and cathodic reactions can be divided into two immiscible solution phases. A redox flow battery comprising a three-layer system with a BME as the middle phase was demonstrated, paving the way for applications such as electrolysis synthesis and secondary batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Nakao
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Koji Noda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hinako Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Mayuki Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Taisei Nishimi
- Japan Technological Research Association of Artificial Photosynthetic Chemical Process (ARPChem), Room 422, Bldg. 12, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohira
- Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yukari Sato
- Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Dai Kato
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kamata
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Osamu Niwa
- Advanced Science Research Laboratory, Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan
| | - Masashi Kunitake
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan; Institute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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8
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Igarashi Y, Oyaizu K. Charge-transport kinetics of dissolved redox-active polymers for rational design of flow batteries. RSC Adv 2022; 13:547-557. [PMID: 36605670 PMCID: PMC9773181 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Charge-transport kinetics of redox-active polymers is essential in designing electrochemical devices. We formulate the homogeneous and heterogeneous charge-transfer processes of the redox-active polymers dissolved in electrolytes. The critical electrochemical parameters, the apparent diffusion coefficient of charge transport (D app) and standard electrochemical reaction constant (k 0), are estimated by considering the physical diffusion D phys of polymer chains (D app, k 0 ∝ D phys). The models are validated with previously reported compounds and newly synthesized hydrophilic macromolecules. Solution-type cells are examined to analyze their primary responses from the electrochemical viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Hatakeyama-Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University3-4-1 Okubo, ShinjukuTokyo 169-8555Japan
| | - Yuto Igarashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University3-4-1 Okubo, ShinjukuTokyo 169-8555Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University3-4-1 Okubo, ShinjukuTokyo 169-8555Japan
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9
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Recent Advances in the Unconventional Design of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Devices. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAs the world works to move away from traditional energy sources, effective efficient energy storage devices have become a key factor for success. The emergence of unconventional electrochemical energy storage devices, including hybrid batteries, hybrid redox flow cells and bacterial batteries, is part of the solution. These alternative electrochemical cell configurations provide materials and operating condition flexibility while offering high-energy conversion efficiency and modularity of design-to-design devices. The power of these diverse devices ranges from a few milliwatts to several megawatts. Manufacturing durable electronic and point-of-care devices is possible due to the development of all-solid-state batteries with efficient electrodes for long cycling and high energy density. New batteries made of earth-abundant metal ions are approaching the capacity of lithium-ion batteries. Costs are being reduced with the advent of flow batteries with engineered redox molecules for high energy density and membrane-free power generating electrochemical cells, which utilize liquid dynamics and interfaces (solid, liquid, and gaseous) for electrolyte separation. These batteries support electrode regeneration strategies for chemical and bio-batteries reducing battery energy costs. Other batteries have different benefits, e.g., carbon-neutral Li-CO2 batteries consume CO2 and generate power, offering dual-purpose energy storage and carbon sequestration. This work considers the recent technological advances of energy storage devices. Their transition from conventional to unconventional battery designs is examined to identify operational flexibilities, overall energy storage/conversion efficiency and application compatibility. Finally, a list of facilities for large-scale deployment of major electrochemical energy storage routes is provided.
Graphical abstract
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10
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Zhu Z, Jiang T, Ali M, Meng Y, Jin Y, Cui Y, Chen W. Rechargeable Batteries for Grid Scale Energy Storage. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16610-16751. [PMID: 36150378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ever-increasing global energy consumption has driven the development of renewable energy technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) with high electrochemical performance are critical for enabling renewable yet intermittent sources of energy such as solar and wind. In recent years, numerous new battery technologies have been achieved and showed great potential for grid scale energy storage (GSES) applications. However, their practical applications have been greatly impeded due to the gap between the breakthroughs achieved in research laboratories and the industrial applications. In addition, various complex applications call for different battery performances. Matching of diverse batteries to various applications is required to promote practical energy storage research achievement. This review provides in-depth discussion and comprehensive consideration in the battery research field for GSES. The overall requirements of battery technologies for practical applications with key parameters are systematically analyzed by generating standards and measures for GSES. We also discuss recent progress and existing challenges for some representative battery technologies with great promise for GSES, including metal-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, molten-salt batteries, alkaline batteries, redox-flow batteries, metal-air batteries, and hydrogen-gas batteries. Moreover, we emphasize the importance of bringing emerging battery technologies from academia to industry. Our perspectives on the future development of batteries for GSES applications are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxin Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Taoli Jiang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yahan Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yang Jin
- School of Electrical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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11
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Li X, Qin Z, Deng Y, Wu Z, Hu W. Development and Challenges of Biphasic Membrane-Less Redox Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105468. [PMID: 35377562 PMCID: PMC9189683 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion exchange membranes (IEMs) play important roles in energy generation and storage field, such as fuel cell, flow battery, however, a major barrier in the way of large-scale application is the high cost of membranes (e.g., Nafion membranes price generally exceeds USD$ 200 m-2 ). The membrane-less technology is one of the promising approaches to solve the problem and thus has attracted much attention and been explored in a variety of research paths. This review introduces one of the representative membrane-less battery types, Biphasic membrane-less redox batteries that eliminate the IEMs according to the principle of solvent immiscibility and realizes the phase splitting in a thermodynamically stable state. It is systematically classified and summarizes their performances as well as the problems they are suffering from, and then several effective solutions are proposed based on the modification of electrodes and electrolytes. Finally, special attention is given to the challenges and prospects of Biphasic membrane-less redox batteries, which could contribute to the development of membrane-less batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Zhenbo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Yida Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Zhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin UniversityInternational Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou350207China
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12
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Steen JS, Nuismer JL, Eiva V, Wiglema AET, Daub N, Hjelm J, Otten E. Blatter Radicals as Bipolar Materials for Symmetrical Redox-Flow Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5051-5058. [PMID: 35258956 PMCID: PMC8949756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Redox-active organic molecules are promising charge-storage materials for redox-flow batteries (RFBs), but material crossover between the posolyte and negolyte and chemical degradation are limiting factors in the performance of all-organic RFBs. We demonstrate that the bipolar electrochemistry of 1,2,4-benzotriazin-4-yl (Blatter) radicals allows the construction of batteries with symmetrical electrolyte composition. Cyclic voltammetry shows that these radicals also retain reversible bipolar electrochemistry in the presence of water. The redox potentials of derivatives with a C(3)-CF3 substituent are the least affected by water, and moreover, these compounds show >90% capacity retention after charge/discharge cycling in a static H-cell for 7 days (ca. 100 cycles). Testing these materials in a flow regime at a 0.1 M concentration of the active material confirmed the high cycling stability under conditions relevant for RFB operation and demonstrated that polarity inversion in a symmetrical flow battery may be used to rebalance the cell. Chemical synthesis provides insight in the nature of the charged species by spectroscopy and (for the oxidized state) X-ray crystallography. The stability of these compounds in all three states of charge highlights their potential for application in symmetrical organic redox-flow batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelte S Steen
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jules L Nuismer
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vytautas Eiva
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert E T Wiglema
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Daub
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Hjelm
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage (DTU Energy), Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, Building 310, 2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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In operando visualization of redox flow battery in membrane-free microfluidic platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2114947119. [PMID: 35197286 PMCID: PMC8892322 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114947119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigates fundamentals of electrochemical reactions using the membrane-free redox flow battery (RFB) platform with a laminar strategy and colorimetry of multiredox organic molecules. Taking advantage of unique color changes of electrolytes depending on the state of charge, we analyze the electrochemical kinetics of the RFB system in terms of charge and mass transfer. It is verified that a balanced rate of charge and mass transfer significantly affects the battery performance. Furthermore, a classical physicochemical hydrodynamic equation is adopted for scaling analysis of the depletion region deteriorating battery performance. We successfully integrate analytical, numerical, and experimental data for elucidating the depletion region. Based on these fundamental studies, finally, a favorable design is suggested for performance enhancement. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are attractive large-scale energy storage techniques, achieving remarkable progress in performance enhancement for the last decades. Nevertheless, an in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism still remains challenging due to its unique operation mechanism, where electrochemistry and hydrodynamics simultaneously govern battery performance. Thus, to elucidate the precise reactions occurring in RFB systems, an appropriate analysis technique that enables the real-time observation of electrokinetic phenomena is indispensable. Herein, we report in operando visualization and analytical study of RFBs by employing a membrane-free microfluidic platform, that is, a membrane-free microfluidic RFB. Using this platform, the electrokinetic investigations were carried out for the 5,10-bis(2-methoxyethyl)-5,10-dihydrophenazine (BMEPZ) catholyte, which has been recently proposed as a high-performance multiredox organic molecule. Taking advantage of the inherent colorimetric property of BMEPZ, we unravel the intrinsic electrochemical properties in terms of charge and mass transfer kinetics during the multiredox reaction through in operando visualization, which enables theoretical study of physicochemical hydrodynamics in electrochemical systems. Based on insights on the electrokinetic limitations in RFBs, we verify the validity of electrode geometry design that can suppress the range of the depletion region, leading to enhanced cell performance.
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14
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Yan J, Baird MA, Popple DC, Zettl A, Russell TP, Helms BA. Structured-Liquid Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3979-3988. [PMID: 35196003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical systems may be maintained far from equilibrium by sequestering otherwise reactive species into different microenvironments. It remains a significant challenge to control the amount of chemical energy stored in such systems and to utilize it on demand to perform useful work. Here, we show that redox-active molecules compartmentalized in multiphasic structured-liquid devices can be charged and discharged to power a load on an external circuit. The two liquid phases of these devices feature charge-complementary polyelectrolytes that serve a dual purpose: they generate an ionically conductive coacervate membrane at the liquid-liquid interface, providing structural support; they also mitigate active-material crossover between phases via ion pairing with the oppositely charged anolyte and catholyte active materials. Structured-liquid batteries enabled by this design were rechargeable over hundreds of hours. We envision that these devices may be integrated with soft electronics to enable functional circuits for smart textiles, medical implants, and wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Yan
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Michael A Baird
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Derek C Popple
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alex Zettl
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute at the University of California Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, Conte Center for Polymer Research, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Brett A Helms
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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15
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Ibrahim OA, Navarro-Segarra M, Sadeghi P, Sabaté N, Esquivel JP, Kjeang E. Microfluidics for Electrochemical Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:7236-7266. [PMID: 34995463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy conversion is an important supplement for storage and on-demand use of renewable energy. In this regard, microfluidics offers prospects to raise the efficiency and rate of electrochemical energy conversion through enhanced mass transport, flexible cell design, and ability to eliminate the physical ion-exchange membrane, an essential yet costly element in conventional electrochemical cells. Since the 2002 invention of the microfluidic fuel cell, the research field of microfluidics for electrochemical energy conversion has expanded into a great variety of cell designs, fabrication techniques, and device functions with a wide range of utility and applications. The present review aims to comprehensively synthesize the best practices in this field over the past 20 years. The underlying fundamentals and research methods are first summarized, followed by a complete assessment of all research contributions wherein microfluidics was proactively utilized to facilitate energy conversion in conjunction with electrochemical cells, such as fuel cells, flow batteries, electrolysis cells, hybrid cells, and photoelectrochemical cells. Moreover, emerging technologies and analytical tools enabled by microfluidics are also discussed. Lastly, opportunities for future research directions and technology advances are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Ibrahim
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada.,Fuelium S.L., Edifici Eureka, Av. Can Domènech S/N, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Marina Navarro-Segarra
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Pardis Sadeghi
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
| | - Neus Sabaté
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Esquivel
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), C/dels Til·lers sn, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain.,BCMaterials, Basque Centre for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Erik Kjeang
- Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, V3T 0A3 Surrey, British Columbia Canada
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16
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Liu X, Song X, Guo Z, Bian T, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Biphasic Electrolyte Inhibiting the Shuttle Effect of Redox Molecules in Lithium‐Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Song
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications Henan University Kaifeng 475004 P. R. China
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17
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Liu X, Song X, Guo Z, Bian T, Zhang J, Zhao Y. Biphasic Electrolyte Inhibiting the Shuttle Effect of Redox Molecules in Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16360-16365. [PMID: 34019317 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Redox molecules (RMs) as electron carriers have been widely used in electrochemical energy-storage devices (ESDs), such as lithium redox flow batteries and lithium-O2 batteries. Unfortunately, migration of RMs to the lithium (Li) anode leads to side reactions, resulting in reduced coulombic efficiency and early cell death. Our proof-of-concept study utilizes a biphasic organic electrolyte to resolve this issue, in which nonafluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrahydrohexyl-trimethoxysilane (NFTOS) and ether (or sulfone) with lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) can be separated to form the immiscible anolyte and catholyte. RMs are extracted to the catholyte due to the enormous solubility coefficients in the biphasic electrolytes with high and low polarity, resulting in inhibition of the shuttle effect. When coupled with a lithium anode, the Li-Li symmetric, Li redox flow and Li-O2 batteries can achieve considerably prolonged cycle life with biphasic electrolytes. This concept provides a promising strategy to suppress the shuttle effect of RMs in ESDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Song
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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18
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Amit L, Naar D, Gloukhovski R, la O' GJ, Suss ME. A Single-Flow Battery with Multiphase Flow. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:1068-1073. [PMID: 33225585 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202002135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Widespread adoption of redox flow batteries (RFBs) for renewable energy storage is inhibited by a relatively high cost of storage. This is due largely to typical RFBs requiring two flows, two external tanks, and expensive ion-exchange membranes. Here, we propose a potentially inexpensive Zn-Br2 RFB which is membraneless and requires only a single flow. The flow is an emulsion consisting of a continuous, Br2 -poor aqueous phase and a dispersed, Br2 -rich polybromide phase, pumped through the channel separating anode and cathode. With our prototype cell, we explore the effect of polybromide-phase volume fraction and Br2 concentration on cell performance and plating efficiencies. We demonstrate high discharge currents of up to 270 mA/cm2 , plating efficiencies up to 88 %, and dendriteless plating up to the highest Zn loading investigated of 250 mAh/cm2 . We provide mechanistic insights into cell behavior and elucidate paths towards unlocking ultra-low-cost single-flow RFBs with multiphase flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihi Amit
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Danny Naar
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Robert Gloukhovski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Matthew E Suss
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Grand Technion Energy Program, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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19
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Fan Q, Si Y, Guo W, Fu Y. Insight into Chemical Reduction and Charge Storage Mechanism of 2,2'-Dipyridyl Disulfide toward Stable Lithium-Organic Battery. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:900-906. [PMID: 33439027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In lithium-organic batteries, organic cathode materials could dissolve in a liquid electrolyte and diffuse through the porous separator to the active lithium-metal anode, resulting in cycling instability. However, 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide (PyDS) can be cycled 5 times better than diphenyl disulfide (PDS) although both are soluble. We believe this is related to their reactivity with lithium (Li0). Herein, we investigate the chemical reduction of PyDS by lithiated carbon paper (Li-CP) in ether electrolyte. It is found that only 6.3% of PyDS was reduced by Li-CP after 10 days, unlike PDS. Experimental and computational results show that PyDS molecules are ionized by lithium ions of lithium salts delocalizing the charge on pyridine rings of PyDS, which can momentarily store Li0, thus keeping the S-S bond inert in chemical reaction with Li0. This finding is successfully utilized in a membrane-free redox flow battery with PyDS catholyte, showing long cycle life with high energy density and energy efficiency. This work reveals the interesting charge storage mechanism and the different activity of organodisulfides toward electrochemical reduction and chemical reduction due to the organic groups, which can provide guidance for the design of stable lithium-organic batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Fan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yubing Si
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
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20
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Chai J, Wang X, Lashgari A, Williams CK, Jiang JJ. A pH-Neutral, Aqueous Redox Flow Battery with a 3600-Cycle Lifetime: Micellization-Enabled High Stability and Crossover Suppression. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4069-4077. [PMID: 32658334 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Redox-flow batteries (RFBs) are a highly promising large-scale energy storage technology for mitigating the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. Here, the design and implementation of a micellization strategy in an anthraquinone-based, pH-neutral, nontoxic, and metal-free aqueous RFB is reported. The micellization strategy (1) improves stability by protecting the redox-active anthraquinone core with a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) shell and (2) increases the overall size to mitigate the crossover issue through a physical blocking mechanism. Paired with a well-established potassium ferrocyanide catholyte, the micelle-based RFB displayed an excellent capacity retention of 90.7 % after 3600 charge/discharge cycles (28.3 days), corresponding to a capacity retention of 99.67 % per day and 99.998 % per cycle. The mechanistic studies of redox-active materials were also conducted and indicated the absence of side reactions commonly observed in other anthraquinone-based RFBs. The outstanding performance of the RFB demonstrates the effectiveness of the micellization strategy for enhancing the performance of organic material-based aqueous RFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Chai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221-0172, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221-0172, USA
| | - Amir Lashgari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221-0172, USA
| | - Caroline K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221-0172, USA
| | - Jianbing Jimmy Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221-0172, USA
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21
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Hatakeyama-Sato K, Tezuka T, Ichinoi R, Matsumono S, Sadakuni K, Oyaizu K. Metal-Free, Solid-State, Paperlike Rechargeable Batteries Consisting of Redox-Active Polyethers. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2443-2448. [PMID: 31883311 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free and totally organic based batteries were fabricated from functional polyethers. Aliphatic polyethers, in which 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl and viologen were introduced with high density, were used as the cathode and anode active materials, respectively. By stacking nanosheets of the polymers and an imidazolium-substituted polyether as the electrolyte, a solid-state cell only 2 μm thick was made. The anion-type rocking-chair cell showed reversible charge/discharge even at a high rate of 5 C without adding any solvents or plasticizers. Although the unsealed cell was measured under ambient conditions, no significant side reactions (including self-discharging and capacity decay) occurred, whereas conventional electrodes are sensitive to air and water in the charged state. The intrinsic plasticity of the polyethers is also compatible with making free-form, 3D-printable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toshiki Tezuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Rieka Ichinoi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsumono
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Karin Sadakuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
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22
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Chen R, Bresser D, Saraf M, Gerlach P, Balducci A, Kunz S, Schröder D, Passerini S, Chen J. A Comparative Review of Electrolytes for Organic-Material-Based Energy-Storage Devices Employing Solid Electrodes and Redox Fluids. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2205-2219. [PMID: 31995281 PMCID: PMC7318708 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte chemistry is critical for any energy-storage device. Low-cost and sustainable rechargeable batteries based on organic redox-active materials are of great interest to tackle resource and performance limitations of current batteries with metal-based active materials. Organic active materials can be used not only as solid electrodes in the classic lithium-ion battery (LIB) setup, but also as redox fluids in redox-flow batteries (RFBs). Accordingly, they have suitability for mobile and stationary applications, respectively. Herein, different types of electrolytes, recent advances for designing better performing electrolytes, and remaining scientific challenges are discussed and summarized. Due to different configurations and requirements between LIBs and RFBs, the similarities and differences for choosing suitable electrolytes are discussed. Both general and specific strategies for promoting the utilization of organic active materials are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyong Chen
- Transfercenter Sustainable ElectrochemistrySaarland University66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Dominic Bresser
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU)89081UlmGermany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Mohit Saraf
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU)89081UlmGermany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Patrick Gerlach
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryCenter for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena07743JenaGermany
| | - Andrea Balducci
- Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental ChemistryCenter for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena07743JenaGermany
| | - Simon Kunz
- Institute of Physical ChemistryJustus Liebig University Giessen35392GießenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University Giessen35392GießenGermany
| | - Daniel Schröder
- Institute of Physical ChemistryJustus Liebig University Giessen35392GießenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University Giessen35392GießenGermany
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU)89081UlmGermany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)76021KarlsruheGermany
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage CenterCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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23
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24
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25
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Robertson LA, Li Z, Cao Y, Shkrob IA, Tyagi M, Smith KC, Zhang L, Moore JS, Z Y. Observation of Microheterogeneity in Highly Concentrated Nonaqueous Electrolyte Solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8041-8046. [PMID: 31074276 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of models to describe structure and dynamics of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions is challenging, and experimental observations are needed to form a foundation. Here, neutron scattering is used to probe molecular dynamics in nonaqueous organic electrolytes. Two solutions were compared: one contained symmetrical electrolyte molecules prone to crystallize, and one contained desymmetrized electrolyte molecules preferring disordered states. For the latter, calorimetry and neutron data show that a disordered fluid persists to very low temperatures at high concentrations. Upon heating, localized cold crystallization occurs, leading to burst nucleation of microcrystalline solids within fluid phases. Our findings indicate molecular clustering and point to solvation inhomogeneities and molecular crowding in these concentrated fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily A Robertson
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Zhixia Li
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Yu Cao
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Ilya A Shkrob
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Madhusudan Tyagi
- NIST Center for Neutron Research , National Institute for Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States
| | - Kyle C Smith
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Y Z
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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26
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Navalpotro P, Sierra N, Trujillo C, Montes I, Palma J, Marcilla R. Exploring the Versatility of Membrane-Free Battery Concept Using Different Combinations of Immiscible Redox Electrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41246-41256. [PMID: 30398052 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lately, the field of redox flow batteries is flourishing because of the emergence of new redox chemistries, including organic compounds, new electrolytes, and innovative designs. Recently, we reported an original membrane-free battery concept based on the mutual immiscibility of an aqueous catholyte containing hydroquinone and an ionic liquid anolyte containing para-benzoquinone as redox species. Here, we investigate the versatility of this concept exploring the electrochemical performance of 10 redox electrolytes based on different solvents, such as propylene carbonate, 2-butanone, or neutral-pH media, and containing different redox organic molecules, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine1-oxyl (OH-TEMPO), or substituted anthraquinones. The most representative electrolytes were paired and used as immiscible anolyte-catholyte in 5 different membrane-free batteries. Those batteries with substituted anthraquinones in the anolyte exhibited up to 50% improved open-circuit voltage (2.1 V), an operating voltage of 1.75 V, and 62% higher power density compared with our previous work. On the other hand, the partition coefficient of redox molecules between the two immiscible phases and the inherent self-discharge occurring at the interphase are revealed as intrinsic features affecting the performance of this type of membrane-free battery. It was successfully demonstrated that the functionalization of redox molecules is an interesting strategy to tune the partition coefficients mitigating the crossover that provokes low battery efficiency. As a result, the cycling life of a battery having OH-TEMPO as active species in the catholyte and containing propylene carbonate-based anolyte was evaluated over 300 cycles, achieving 85% capacity retention. These results demonstrated the huge versatility and countless possibilities of this new membrane-free battery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Navalpotro
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
| | - Noemí Sierra
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group , Rey Juan Carlos University , C/Tulipán s/n , 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain
| | - Carlos Trujillo
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
- Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology , University of Castilla-La Mancha , Avda. Camilo José Cela 10 , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Iciar Montes
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
| | - Jesus Palma
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
| | - Rebeca Marcilla
- Electrochemical Processes Unit , IMDEA Energy Institute , Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3 , 28935 Móstoles , Spain
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27
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Navalpotro P, Neves CMSS, Palma J, Freire MG, Coutinho JAP, Marcilla R. Pioneering Use of Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems as Membrane-Free Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800576. [PMID: 30356931 PMCID: PMC6193149 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) formed by water, ionic liquids (ILs), and salts, in which the two phases are water rich, are demonstrated here to act as potential membrane-free batteries. This concept is feasible due to the selective enrichment of redox organic molecules in each aqueous phase of ABS, which spontaneously form two liquid-phases above given concentrations of salt and IL. Therefore, the required separation of electrolytes in the battery is not driven by an expensive membrane that hampers mass transfer, but instead, by the intrinsic immiscibility of the two liquid phases. Moreover, the crosscontamination typically occurring through the ineffective membranes is determined by the partition coefficients of the active molecules between the two phases. The phase diagrams of a series of IL-based ABS are characterized, the partition coefficients of several redox organic molecules are determined, and the electrochemistry of these redox-active immiscible phases is evaluated, allowing appraisal of the battery performance. Several redox ABS that may be used in total aqueous membrane-free batteries with theoretical battery voltages as high as 1.6 V are identified. The viability of a membrane-free battery composed of an IL-based ABS containing methyl viologen and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy as active species is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Navalpotro
- Electrochemical Processes UnitIMDEA Energy InstituteAvda. Ramón de la Sagra 328935MóstolesSpain
| | - Catarina M. S. S. Neves
- CICECO ‐ Aveiro Institute of MaterialsChemistry DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810‐193AveiroPortugal
| | - Jesus Palma
- Electrochemical Processes UnitIMDEA Energy InstituteAvda. Ramón de la Sagra 328935MóstolesSpain
| | - Mara G. Freire
- CICECO ‐ Aveiro Institute of MaterialsChemistry DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810‐193AveiroPortugal
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO ‐ Aveiro Institute of MaterialsChemistry DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810‐193AveiroPortugal
| | - Rebeca Marcilla
- Electrochemical Processes UnitIMDEA Energy InstituteAvda. Ramón de la Sagra 328935MóstolesSpain
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28
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Bamgbopa MO, Shao-Horn Y, Hashaikeh R, Almheiri S. Cyclable membraneless redox flow batteries based on immiscible liquid electrolytes: Demonstration with all-iron redox chemistry. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Ma T, Pan Z, Miao L, Chen C, Han M, Shang Z, Chen J. Porphyrin-Based Symmetric Redox-Flow Batteries towards Cold-Climate Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3158-3162. [PMID: 29363241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical energy storage with redox-flow batteries (RFBs) under subzero temperature is of great significance for the use of renewable energy in cold regions. However, RFBs are generally used above 10 °C. Herein we present non-aqueous organic RFBs based on 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2 TPP) as a bipolar redox-active material (anode: [H2 TPP]2- /H2 TPP, cathode: H2 TPP/[H2 TPP]2+ ) and a Y-zeolite-poly(vinylidene fluoride) (Y-PVDF) ion-selective membrane with high ionic conductivity as a separator. The constructed RFBs exhibit a high volumetric capacity of 8.72 Ah L-1 with a high voltage of 2.83 V and excellent cycling stability (capacity retention exceeding 99.98 % per cycle) in the temperature range between 20 and -40 °C. Our study highlights principles for the design of RFBs that operate at low temperatures, thus offering a promising approach to electrochemical energy storage under cold-climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Licheng Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chengcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Mo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhenfeng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
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30
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Ma T, Pan Z, Miao L, Chen C, Han M, Shang Z, Chen J. Porphyrin-Based Symmetric Redox-Flow Batteries towards Cold-Climate Energy Storage. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zeng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Licheng Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chengcheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Mo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Zhenfeng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry; College of Chemistry; Nankai University; 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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31
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Xu P, Xie C, Wang C, Lai Q, Wang W, Zhang H, Li X. A membrane-free interfacial battery with high energy density. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11626-11629. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06048g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A new concept of the membrane-free interfacial battery was designed and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Xu
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Congxin Xie
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Qinzhi Lai
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Wei Wang
- Energy and Environment Directorate
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
- Richland
- USA
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Xianfeng Li
- Division of Energy Storage
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
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32
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Friedl J, Lebedeva MA, Porfyrakis K, Stimming U, Chamberlain TW. All-Fullerene-Based Cells for Nonaqueous Redox Flow Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 140:401-405. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Friedl
- Chemistry - School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Maria A. Lebedeva
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Kyriakos Porfyrakis
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Ulrich Stimming
- Chemistry - School
of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Thomas W. Chamberlain
- Institute of Process
Research and Development, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
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33
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Navalpotro P, Palma J, Anderson M, Marcilla R. A Membrane-Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox Electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12460-12465. [PMID: 28658538 PMCID: PMC5655901 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Flexible and scalable energy storage solutions are necessary for mitigating fluctuations of renewable energy sources. The main advantage of redox flow batteries is their ability to decouple power and energy. However, they present some limitations including poor performance, short‐lifetimes, and expensive ion‐selective membranes as well as high price, toxicity, and scarcity of vanadium compounds. We report a membrane‐free battery that relies on the immiscibility of redox electrolytes and where vanadium is replaced by organic molecules. We show that the biphasic system formed by one acidic solution and one ionic liquid, both containing quinoyl species, behaves as a reversible battery without any membrane. This proof‐of‐concept of a membrane‐free battery has an open circuit voltage of 1.4 V with a high theoretical energy density of 22.5 Wh L−1, and is able to deliver 90 % of its theoretical capacity while showing excellent long‐term performance (coulombic efficiency of 100 % and energy efficiency of 70 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Navalpotro
- Electrochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 2, 8935, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Jesus Palma
- Electrochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 2, 8935, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Marc Anderson
- Electrochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 2, 8935, Móstoles, Spain.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Rebeca Marcilla
- Electrochemical Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy Institute, Avda. Ramón de la Sagra 3, 2, 8935, Móstoles, Spain
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