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Simoni M, Minniti T, Senesi R, Romanelli G. Molecular specificity in neutron imaging: the case of hydrogen adsorption in metal organic frameworks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30821-30831. [PMID: 37961753 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04176j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Neutron imaging is the technique of choice for a number of in situ and operando applications, where a high penetration power is required. White-beam neutron imaging and energy-resolved Bragg edge imaging are successful techniques, the former for the detection of specific elements characterized by strong neutron attenuation and the latter for studying crystal structures. Here we discuss the capabilities of energy-selective neutron imaging taking advantage of the incoherent and inelastic scattering interactions in hydrogenous materials, as a way to obtain molecular-specific information about the composition of a given sample. While few examples from the available literature are discussed, a worked example is presented based on new experimental data on molecular-hydrogen adsorption and conversion in the HKUST-1 metal organic framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Simoni
- Department of Physics and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Roma, Italy.
| | - Triestino Minniti
- Department of Physics and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Roma, Italy.
| | - Roberto Senesi
- Department of Physics and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Roma, Italy.
- CNR-ISM, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- Department of Physics and NAST Centre, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133, Roma, Italy.
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, OX110QX, UK
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2
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Guerrini C, Nardella F, Morganti A, La Nasa J, Degano I, Ribechini E. Focusing on Volatile Organic Compounds of Natural Resins by Selected-Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1465-1473. [PMID: 35762529 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of archeological artifacts, due to the high value of antique objects, is preferably performed by nondestructive, noninvasive, and in situ techniques. At present, the most common in situ protocols used for the analysis of organic materials are spectroscopic approaches. In this work, we tested selected-ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), a transportable mass spectrometry system for the characterization and discrimination of natural resins by the analysis of their volatile organic compounds profiles. We chose diterpenoid, triterpenoid, and aromatic resins as reference materials, focusing on the most identified in archeological artifacts. This work aims to create a SIFT-MS database of mass spectra suitable for characterizing archeological samples. The spectral data obtained by SIFT-MS were interpreted with the aid of chromatograms and mass spectra obtained by head space-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS). Finally, principal components analysis (PCA) was used to further underline the differences among the different materials and to investigate the possibility of discriminating different classes of resins based on their SIFT spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Guerrini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
| | - Federica Nardella
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
| | - Annachiara Morganti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
| | - Jacopo La Nasa
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Florence50121, Italy
| | - Ilaria Degano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
| | - Erika Ribechini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa56124, Italy
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3
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Armetta F, Saladino ML, Scherillo A, Caponetti E. Microstructure and phase composition of bronze Montefortino helmets discovered Mediterranean seabed to explain an unusual corrosion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23022. [PMID: 34837034 PMCID: PMC8626503 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02425-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two Monterfortino helmets, recovered in the Mediterranean seabed, show unusual features with respect to the more common helmets of the same period and found in underwater environments. Hence, they were investigated by a multi-analytical approach, which allowed us to identify the compounds constituting the helmets and to make some considerations about their metallurgy, although all the metal was converted to degradation products. The helmets, originally made in bronze, have maintained their original shape because of copper sulphides formation. The observed differences in composition between the two helmets were attributed to the position modification, of one of them, into the seabed along centuries. For the first time, a microstructural investigation permits to reconstruct the history of the aging processes involved in the total oxidation of roman bronze helmet metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Armetta
- Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa Saladino
- Dipartimento Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 17, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Scherillo
- Science and Technology Facility Council, ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Didcot, OX110QX, UK
| | - Eugenio Caponetti
- Labor Artis C.R. Diagnostica S.R.L., Via Celona, 90145, Palermo, Italy
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Festa G, Romanelli G, Senesi R, Arcidiacono L, Scatigno C, Parker SF, Marques MPM, Andreani C. Neutrons for Cultural Heritage-Techniques, Sensors, and Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E502. [PMID: 31963186 PMCID: PMC7014385 DOI: 10.3390/s20020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in research in Cultural Heritage see increasing application of a multidisciplinary approach and the combined use of physical and chemical characterization of artefacts that can be used to define their structure and their state of conservation, also providing valuable information in selecting the most suitable microclimatic conditions for the exhibition environment. This approach provides a platform for a synergic collaboration amongst researchers, restorers, conservators, and archaeologists. Existing state-of-the-art technologies for neutron-based methods are currently being applied to the study of objects of historical and cultural interest in several neutron-beam facilities around the world. Such techniques are non-invasive and non-destructive and are, therefore, ideal to provide structural information about artefacts, such as their composition, presence of alterations due to the environmental conditions, inclusions, structure of the bulk, manufacturing techniques, and elemental composition, which provide an overall fingerprint of the object's characteristics, thanks to the nature of the interaction of neutrons with matter. Here, we present an overview of the main neutron methods for the characterization of materials of interest in Cultural Heritage and we provide a brief introduction to the sensors and detectors that are used in this framework. We conclude with some case studies underlining the impact of these applications in different archaeological and historical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Festa
- CENTRO FERMI—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Giovanni Romanelli
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK;
| | - Roberto Senesi
- CENTRO FERMI—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (C.A.)
- NAST Centre and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca, Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- CNR-IPCF Sezione di Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Arcidiacono
- Diamond Light Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK;
- UCL, University College of London Institute of Archaeology, 31-34 Gordon Square, Kings Cross, London WC1H 0PY, UK
| | - Claudia Scatigno
- CENTRO FERMI—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (C.A.)
- NAST Centre and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca, Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Stewart F. Parker
- ISIS Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK;
| | - M. P. M. Marques
- Química-Física Molecular, University of Coimbra, 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla Andreani
- CENTRO FERMI—Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi”, Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (R.S.); (C.S.); (C.A.)
- NAST Centre and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca, Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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La Nasa J, Nardella F, Modugno F, Colombini MP, Ribechini E, Degano I. SIFT-ing archaeological artifacts: Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry as a new tool in archaeometry. Talanta 2019; 207:120323. [PMID: 31594618 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A fast non-destructive approach based on the use of portable selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used for the first time to characterize organic materials in archaeological artifacts. The high sensitivity, specificity and selectivity SIFT soft chemical ionization mass spectrometry enabled us to investigate the composition of organic residues collected from ancient Egyptian findings in order to demonstrate the robustness of the techniques with different matrices. In addition, we tested SIFT-MS directly on an archaeological Egyptian amphora to prove its suitability as a completely non-invasive technique. Parallel investigations on all the samples were performed by GC/MS analysis to correlate and confirm the data obtained by SIFT-MS. The possibility of using a portable mass spectrometer on an excavation site or in a museum would be a significant step forward in the non-invasive analysis of organic archaeological materials, enabling archeologists and conservators to obtain real-time information on the molecular composition of organic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo La Nasa
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Federica Nardella
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Modugno
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Erika Ribechini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Degano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
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Festa G, Christiansen T, Turina V, Borla M, Kelleher J, Arcidiacono L, Cartechini L, Ponterio RC, Scatigno C, Senesi R, Andreani C. Egyptian metallic inks on textiles from the 15 th century BCE unravelled by non-invasive techniques and chemometric analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7310. [PMID: 31086242 PMCID: PMC6513853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of black inks has enabled writing to become an established method of communication in history. Although a large research effort has been devoted to the study of pigments and dyes used in ancient Egypt to decorate burial walls and furnishings, or to write on papyrus, to date little attention has been paid to the nature and technology of inks used on ritual and daily-use textiles, which may have fostered the transfer of metallic ink technology onto papyrus and parchment supports. We report about inks from 15th century BCE Egyptian textiles by combining non-invasive techniques, including ultraviolet (UV) reflected imaging, near-infrared reflectography (NIRR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and prompt-gamma-activation-analysis (PGAA). It is argued that the inks are related to the family of iron gall inks, whose introduction is commonly attributed to the third century BCE. This interpretation frames the technology of writing on fabrics, used by the ancient Egyptians, in a different time, thus providing new information on the genesis of mordant inks in the ancient Mediterranean cultures. We anticipate our study to be a starting point for further and more sophisticated investigations of textiles, which will clarify the origin of metallic ink in the ancient world.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Festa
- CENTRO FERMI - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - T Christiansen
- Museo Egizio di Torino, Via Accademia delle Scienze 6, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - V Turina
- Museo Egizio di Torino, Via Accademia delle Scienze 6, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - M Borla
- Supreme Council for Archeology of Piedmont, P.zza S. Giovanni 2, 10122, Torino, Italy
| | - J Kelleher
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory - ISIS neutron and muon Facility, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom.
| | - L Arcidiacono
- CENTRO FERMI - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184, Rome, Italy.,University College London, Institute of Archaeology, 31-34 Gordon Square, Kings Cross, London, WC1H 0PY, United Kingdom
| | - L Cartechini
- CNR- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), Via Elce di sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - R C Ponterio
- CNR - Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF), Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 37, Messina, Italy
| | - C Scatigno
- Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - R Senesi
- CENTRO FERMI - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184, Rome, Italy. .,CNR - Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF), Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 37, Messina, Italy. .,Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - C Andreani
- CENTRO FERMI - Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche "Enrico Fermi", Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184, Rome, Italy.,CNR - Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF), Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres 37, Messina, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento di Fisica and NAST Centre, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
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