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Lamprea-Pineda PA, Demeestere K, González-Cortés JJ, Boon N, Devlieghere F, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C. Addition of (bio)surfactants in the biofiltration of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds in air. J Environ Manage 2024; 353:120132. [PMID: 38286067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air is of utmost importance to safeguard both environmental quality and human well-being. However, the low aqueous solubility of hydrophobic VOCs results in poor removal in waste gas biofilters (BFs). In this study, we evaluated the addition of (bio)surfactants in three BFs (BF1 and BF2 mixture of compost and wood chips (C + WC), and BF3 filled with expanded perlite) to enhance the removal of cyclohexane and hexane from a polluted gas stream. Experiments were carried out to select two (bio)surfactants (i.e., Tween 80 and saponin) out of five (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Tween 80, surfactin, rhamnolipid and saponin) from a physical-chemical (i.e., decreasing VOC gas-liquid partitioning) and biological (i.e., the ability of the microbial consortium to grow on the (bio)surfactants) point of view. The results show that adding Tween 80 at 1 critical micelle concentration (CMC) had a slight positive effect on the removal of both VOCs, in BF1 (e.g., 7.0 ± 0.6 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 85 ± 2% at 163 s; compared to 6.7 ± 0.4 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 76 ± 2% at 163 s and 0 CMC) and BF2 (e.g., 4.3 ± 0.4 g hexane m-3 h-1, 27 ± 2% at 82 s; compared to 3.1 ± 0.7 g hexane m-3 h-1, 16 ± 4% at 82 s and 0 CMC), but a negative effect in BF3 at either 1, 3 and 9 CMC (e.g., 2.4 ± 0.4 g hexane m-3 h-1, 30 ± 4% at 163 s and 1 CMC; compared to 4.6 ± 1.0 g hexane m-3 h-1, 43 ± 8% at 163 s and 0 CMC). In contrast, the performance of all BFs improved with the addition of saponin, particularly at 3 CMC. Notably, in BF3, the elimination capacity (EC) and removal efficiency (RE) doubled for both VOCs (i.e., 9.1 ± 0.6 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 49 ± 3%; 4.3 ± 0.3 g hexane m-3 h-1, 25 ± 3%) compared to no biosurfactant addition (i.e., 4.5 ± 0.4 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1, 23 ± 3%; hexane 2.2 ± 0.5 g m-3 h-1, 10 ± 2%) at 82 s. Moreover, the addition of the (bio)surfactants led to a shift in the microbial consortia, with a different response in BF1-BF2 compared to BF3. This study evaluates for the first time the use of saponin in BFs, it demonstrates that cyclohexane and hexane RE can be improved by (bio)surfactant addition, and it provides recommendations for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alejandra Lamprea-Pineda
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Cadiz Spain.
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research Group Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent Belgium.
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Corion M, Portillo-Estrada M, Santos S, Lammertyn J, De Ketelaere B, Hertog M. Non-destructive egg breed separation using advanced VOC analytical techniques HSSE-GC-MS, PTR-TOF-MS, and SIFT-MS: Assessment of performance and systems' complementarity. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113802. [PMID: 38163682 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decade, advanced analytical techniques have been utilized to examine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in eggs. These VOCs offer valuable insights into factors such as freshness, fertility, the presence of cracks, embryo sex, and breed. In our study, we assessed three mass spectrometry-based systems (headspace sorptive extraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; HSSE-GC-MS, proton transfer reaction time-of-flight-mass spectrometry; PTR-TOF-MS; and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry; SIFT-MS) to analyze and identify VOCs present in intact hatching eggs from three distinct breeds (Dekalb white layer, Shaver brown layer, and Ross 308 broiler). The eggs were sampled on incubation days 2 and 8, to identify VOCs that distinguish breeds irrespective of incubation day. VOC measurements were conducted on 15 eggs per breed by placing them together with PDMS-coated stir bars inside inert Teflon® air sampling bags. After an accumulation period of 2 h, the headspace was analyzed using PTR-TOF-MS and SIFT-MS, while the VOCs adsorbed onto the stir bars were analyzed using GC-MS for additional compound identification. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models were constructed for breed differentiation, and variable selection was performed. As a result, 111 VOCs were identified using HSSE-GC-MS, with alcohols and esters being the most abundant. The PLS-DA models demonstrated the efficacy of breed discrimination, with the HSSE-GC-MS and the PTR-TOF-MS exhibiting the highest balanced accuracy of 95.5 % using a reduced set of 11 VOCs and 5 product ions, respectively. The SIFT-MS model had a balanced accuracy of 92.8 % with a reduced set of 11 product ions. Furthermore, complementarity was observed between HSSE-GC-MS, which primarily selected higher molecular weight VOCs, and PTR-TOF-MS and SIFT-MS. A higher correlation was found for compound abundances between the HSSE-GC-MS and the PTR-TOF-MS relative to the SIFT-MS, indicating that the PTR-TOF-MS was better suited to quantify specific compounds identified by the HSSE-GC-MS. Finally, the findings support the presence of VOCs originating from both synthetic and natural sources, highlighting the ability of the VOC analysis systems to non-destructively perform quality control and reveal differences in management practices or biological information encoded in eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Corion
- KU Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS Biosensors Group, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Simão Santos
- KU Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS Biosensors Group, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- KU Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS Biosensors Group, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Ketelaere
- KU Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS Biostatistics Group, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Hertog
- KU Leuven, BIOSYST-MeBioS Postharvest Group, Department of Biosystems, Leuven, Belgium.
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Lamprea Pineda PA, Demeestere K, González-Cortés JJ, Alvarado-Alvarado AA, Boon N, Devlieghere F, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C. Effect of inoculum type, packing material and operational conditions on the biofiltration of a mixture of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds in air. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:167326. [PMID: 37748600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere causes negative environmental and health effects. Biofiltration is known to be an efficient and cost-effective treatment technology for the removal of VOCs in waste gas streams. However, little is known on the removal of VOC mixtures and the effect of operational conditions, particularly for hydrophobic VOCs, and on the microbial populations governing the biofiltration process. In this study, we evaluated the effect of inoculum type (acclimated activated sludge (A-AS) versus Rhodococcus erythropolis) and packing material (mixture of compost and wood chips (C + WC) versus expanded perlite) on the removal of a mixture of hydrophobic VOCs (toluene, cyclohexane and hexane) in three biofilters (BFs), i.e., BF1: C + WC and R. erythropolis; BF2: C + WC and A-AS; and BF3: expanded perlite and R. erythropolis. The BFs were operated for 374 days at varying inlet loads (ILs) and empty bed residence times (EBRTs). The results showed that the VOCs were removed in the following order: toluene > cyclohexane > hexane, which corresponds to their air-water partitioning coefficient and thus bioavailability of each VOC. Toluene is the most hydrophilic VOC, while hexane is the most hydrophobic. BF2 outperformed BF1 and BF3 in each operational phase, with average maximum elimination capacities (ECmax) of 21 ± 3 g toluene m-3 h-1 (removal efficiency (RE): 100 %; EBRT: 82 s), 11 ± 2 g cyclohexane m-3 h-1 (RE: 86 ± 6 %; EBRT: 163 s) and 6.2 ± 0.9 g hexane m-3 h-1 (RE: 96 ± 4 %; EBRT: 245 s). Microbial analysis showed that despite having different inocula, the genera Rhodococcus, Mycobacterium and/or Pseudonocardia dominated in all BFs but at different relative abundances. This study provides new insights into the removal of difficult-to-degrade VOC mixtures with limited research to date on biofiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real 11510, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Allan A Alvarado-Alvarado
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology - CMET, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research group FMFP, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Langford VS, Dryahina K, Španěl P. Robust Automated SIFT-MS Quantitation of Volatile Compounds in Air Using a Multicomponent Gas Standard. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2023; 34:2630-2645. [PMID: 37988479 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, has been widely used in industry and research since its introduction in the mid-1990s. Previously described quantitation methods have been advanced to include a gas standard for a more robust and repeatable analytical performance. The details of this approach to calculate the concentrations from ion-molecule reaction kinetics based on reaction times and instrument calibration functions determined from known concentrations in the standard mix are discussed. Important practical issues such as the overlap of product ions are outlined, and best-practice approaches are presented to enable them to be addressed during method development. This review provides a fundamental basis for a plethora of studies in broad application areas that are possible with SIFT-MS instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaughan S Langford
- Syft Technologies Limited, 68 Saint Asaph Street, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Kseniya Dryahina
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 182 23, Czechia
| | - Patrik Španěl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 182 23, Czechia
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Laemont J, Barringer S. Effect of pH, Reducing Sugars, and Protein on Roasted Sunflower Seed Aroma Volatiles. Foods 2023; 12:4155. [PMID: 38002212 PMCID: PMC10670587 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunflower seeds are a popular snack in many countries, such as the United States, China, and Spain. Sunflower seeds are typically roasted to create desirable aromas before being eaten. The desirable aromas are created by the Maillard and lipid oxidation reactions. Increasing the volatiles created by these reactions can create a more desirable product, increasing consumer acceptance of sunflower seeds. Seeds were soaked in solutions at pH 4, 7, and 9 and with added glucose, fructose, whey protein isolate, or whey protein concentrate before roasting. The resulting seeds were evaluated by selected-ion flow tube mass spectrometry to determine the volatile concentrations and by an untrained panel of consumers to determine acceptability. Increasing the pH increased the pyrazines but did not affect other volatiles. Adding reducing sugars or whey protein increased most volatiles. The fructose increased dimethylpyrazines, 2-methylpyrazine, and trimethylpyrazine concentrations more than glucose. However, the glucose increased furfural concentration more than fructose. The whey protein concentrate increased volatile levels more than any other treatment. The total Maillard volatiles and Browning index were increased by the same treatments. Sensory indicated that fructose increased desirable aroma the most, followed by whey protein treatments, and both were liked more than the pH 7 control. Optimizing roasting conditions by increasing the pH and reducing sugar and protein content can favor the Maillard reaction conditions, increasing the positive aromas associated with roasted sunflower seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheryl Barringer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 110 Parker Food Science and Technology Building, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
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Biagini D, Pugliese NR, Vivaldi FM, Ghimenti S, Lenzi A, De Angelis F, Ripszam M, Bruderer T, Armenia S, Cappeli F, Taddei S, Masi S, Francesco FD, Lomonaco T. Breath analysis combined with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiography for monitoring heart failure patients: the AEOLUS protocol. J Breath Res 2023; 17:046006. [PMID: 37524075 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/acec08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the AEOLUS pilot study which combines breath analysis with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and an echocardiographic examination for monitoring heart failure (HF) patients. Ten consecutive patients with a prior clinical diagnosis of HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction were prospectively enrolled together with 15 control patients with cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, type II diabetes or chronic ischemic heart disease. Breath samples were collected at rest and during CPET coupled with exercise stress echocardiography (CPET-ESE) protocol by means of needle trap micro-extraction and were analyzed through gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The protocol also involved using of a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometer for a breath-by-breath isoprene and acetone analysis during exercise. At rest, HF patients showed increased breath levels of acetone and pentane, which are related to altered oxidation of fatty acids and oxidative stress, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between acetone and the gold standard biomarker NT-proBNP in plasma (r= 0.646,p< 0.001), both measured at rest. During exercise, some exhaled volatiles (e.g., isoprene) mirrored ventilatory and/or hemodynamic adaptation, whereas others (e.g., sulfide compounds and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone) depended on their origin. At peak effort, acetone levels in HF patients differed significantly from those of the control group, suggesting an altered myocardial and systemic metabolic adaptation to exercise for HF patients. These preliminary data suggest that concomitant acquisition of CPET-ESE and breath analysis is feasible and might provide additional clinical information on the metabolic maladaptation of HF patients to exercise. Such information may refine the identification of patients at higher risk of disease worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Biagini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola R Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico M Vivaldi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ghimenti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Lenzi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca De Angelis
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matyas Ripszam
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tobias Bruderer
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Armenia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Cappeli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Chen L, Mardiansyah ST, Kuuliala L, Somrani M, Walgraeve C, Demeestere K, Devlieghere F. Selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry for the identification of volatile spoilage markers for fresh pork packaged under modified atmospheres. Food Chem 2023; 423:136318. [PMID: 37210876 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbial behavior during meat storage leads to the generation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and unpleasant off-odors. This study focused on a novel real-time analytical method, selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), to monitor VOC quality and identify spoilage indicators for fresh pork stored under different packaging atmospheres (air, 70/0/30, 70/30/0, 5/30/65, 0/30/70 - v/v% O2/CO2/N2) at 4 °C. A comprehensive selection methodology was used to identify compounds with good instrumental data quality as well as a strong relationship with microbial growth and olfactory rejection. Based on the volatolome quantified by SIFT-MS, storage periods and conditions can be discriminated using multivariate statistics. Acetoin (or ethyl acetate) represented a significant pork quality marker for high-O2 conditions, whereas ethanol, 3-methylbutanal and sulfur compounds can indicate the anaerobic storage progress. Considering the applicability in monitoring different VOC profiles, SIFT-MS is expected to be promising in many storage scenarios to improve analytical efficiency and ensure reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyun Chen
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stefanus Tri Mardiansyah
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lotta Kuuliala
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Unit Knowledge-based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mariem Somrani
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Departamento de Ingeniería Agronómica, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Lamprea Pineda PA, Demeestere K, Toledo M, Boon N, Van Langenhove H, Walgraeve C. Long-term biofiltration of gaseous N,N-dimethylformamide: Operational performance and microbial diversity analysis at different conditions. J Hazard Mater 2023; 447:130767. [PMID: 36640506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is an organic solvent produced in large quantities worldwide. It is considered as a hazardous air pollutant and its emission should be controlled. However, only a limited number of studies have been performed on the removal of gaseous DMF by biological technologies. In this paper, we evaluate the removal of DMF under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in a lab-scale biofilter for 472 days. The results show that, at ambient temperature, the biofilter achieved an average removal efficiency (RE) of 99.7 ± 0.3 % at Inlet Loads (ILs) up to 297 ± 52 g DFM m-3 h-1 (Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRTs) of 10.7 s). However, a decrease in EBRT (6.4 s) led to an unstable outlet concentration and, thus, to a drop in the biofilter performance (average RE: 90 ± 9 %). Moreover, an increase in temperature up to 65 °C led to a gradual decrease in RE (till 91 ± 7 %). Microbial analysis indicates that once the microorganisms encountered DMF, Rhizobiaceae dominated followed by Alcaligenaceae. Afterwards, a strong decrease in Rhizobiaceae was observed at every increase in temperature, and at 65 °C, the taxa were more heterogeneous. Overall, our experimental results indicate that biofiltration is a promising technique to remove DMF from waste gas streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alejandra Lamprea Pineda
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Manuel Toledo
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ctra. N-IV, Km 396, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology - CMET, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Smith D, Španěl P, Demarais N, Langford VS, McEwan MJ. Recent developments and applications of selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry ( SIFT-MS). Mass Spectrom Rev 2023:e21835. [PMID: 36776107 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is now recognized as the most versatile analytical technique for the identification and quantification of trace gases down to the parts-per-trillion by volume, pptv, range. This statement is supported by the wide reach of its applications, from real-time analysis, obviating sample collection of very humid exhaled breath, to its adoption in industrial scenarios for air quality monitoring. This review touches on the recent extensions to the underpinning ion chemistry kinetics library and the alternative challenge of using nitrogen carrier gas instead of helium. The addition of reagent anions in the Voice200 series of SIFT-MS instruments has enhanced the analytical capability, thus allowing analyses of volatile trace compounds in humid air that cannot be analyzed using reagent cations alone, as clarified by outlining the anion chemistry involved. Case studies are reviewed of breath analysis and bacterial culture volatile organic compound (VOC), emissions, environmental applications such as air, water, and soil analysis, workplace safety such as transport container fumigants, airborne contamination in semiconductor fabrication, food flavor and spoilage, drugs contamination and VOC emissions from packaging to demonstrate the stated qualities and uniqueness of the new generation SIFT-MS instrumentation. Finally, some advancements that can be made to improve the analytical capability and reach of SIFT-MS are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Smith
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Patrik Španěl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | | | - Murray J McEwan
- Syft Technologies Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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10
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Reyrolle M, Ghislain M, Bru N, Vallverdu G, Pigot T, Desauziers V, Le Bechec M. Volatile fingerprint of food products with untargeted SIFT-MS data coupled with mixOmics methods for profile discrimination: Application case on cheese. Food Chem 2022; 369:130801. [PMID: 34450514 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by food products are decisive for the perception of aroma and taste. The analysis of gaseous matrices is traditionally done by detection and quantification of few dozens of characteristic markers. Emerging direct injection mass spectrometry technologies offer rapid analysis based on a soft ionisation of VOCs without previous separation. The recent increase of selectivity offered by the use of several precursor ions coupled with untargeted analysis increases the potential power of these instruments. However, the analysis of complex gaseous matrix results in a large number of ion conflicts, making the quantification of markers difficult, and in a large volume of data. In this work, we present the exploitation of untargeted SIFT-MS volatile fingerprints of ewe PDO cheeses in a real farm model, using mixOmics methods allowing us to illustrate the typicality, the manufacturing processes reproducibility and the impact of the animals' diet on the final product.
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11
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Hegen O, Salazar Gómez JI, Schlögl R, Ruland H. The potential of NO + and O 2 +• in switchable reagent ion proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom Rev 2022:e21770. [PMID: 35076949 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry with switchable reagent ion capability (PTR+SRI-MS) are analytical techniques for real-time qualification and quantification of compounds in gas samples with trace level concentrations. In the detection process, neutral compounds-mainly volatile organic compounds-are ionized via chemical ionization with ionic reagents or primary ions. The most common reagent ions are H3 O+ , NO+ and O2 +• . While ionization with H3 O+ occurs by means of proton transfer, the ionization via NO+ and O2 +• offers a larger variety on ionization pathways, as charge transfer, hydride abstraction and so on are possible. The distribution of the reactant into various reaction channels depends not only on the usage of either NO+ or O2 +• , but also on the class of analyte compounds. Furthermore, the choice of the reaction conditions as well as the choice of either SIFT-MS or PTR+SRI-MS might have a large impact on the resulting products. Therefore, an overview of both NO+ and O2 +• as reagent ions is given, showing differences between SIFT-MS and PTR+SRI-MS as used analytical methods revealing the potential how the knowledge obtained with H3 O+ for different classes of compounds can be extended with the usage of NO+ and O2 +• .
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hegen
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Deutschland
| | - Jorge I Salazar Gómez
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Deutschland
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Deutschland
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Ruland
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Deutschland
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12
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Yeoman AM, Heeley-Hill AC, Shaw M, Andrews SJ, Lewis AC. Inhalation of VOCs from facial moisturizers and the influence of dose proximity. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e12948. [PMID: 34816489 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from personal care products (PCPs) contribute to poor indoor air quality. Exposure to indoor VOCs is typically determined through ambient concentration measurements; however, for some PCPs the proximity of use to the nose and mouth may lead to disproportionately large inhaled doses. In this paper, we quantify emission factors for six common PCP ingredient VOCs (ethanol, 2-propanol, benzyl alcohol, 1,3-butanediol, t-butyl alcohol, and the grouping of monoterpenes as limonene) from 16 facial day-moisturizers using headspace analysis and selected ion flow-tube mass spectrometry. A wide range of emissions rates were observed across the range of products tested (e.g., ethanol 3.3-6.9 × 102 µg s-1 g[product]-1 , limonene 1.3 × 10-1 -4.1 × 10-1 µg s-1 g[product]-1 ). We use a mannequin head with reconstructed nose and mouth airways to sample VOCs from facial application at typical respiration volumes. A single facial application of moisturizer can lead to a much larger inhaled VOC dose than would be inhaled from typical indoor ambient air over 24 h (e.g., limonene up to ~×16 greater via facial application, ethanol up to ~×300). Emissions from facially applied PCPs typically decayed to background concentrations over periods ranging from 5 to 150 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Yeoman
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Marvin Shaw
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Stephen J Andrews
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Alastair C Lewis
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
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13
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Gould O, Drabińska N, Ratcliffe N, de Lacy Costello B. Hyphenated Mass Spectrometry versus Real-Time Mass Spectrometry Techniques for the Detection of Volatile Compounds from the Human Body. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237185. [PMID: 34885767 PMCID: PMC8659178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that can be used for various applications in a number of scientific areas including environmental, security, forensic science, space exploration, agri-food, and numerous others. MS is also continuing to offer new insights into the proteomic and metabolomic fields. MS techniques are frequently used for the analysis of volatile compounds (VCs). The detection of VCs from human samples has the potential to aid in the diagnosis of diseases, in monitoring drug metabolites, and in providing insight into metabolic processes. The broad usage of MS has resulted in numerous variations of the technique being developed over the years, which can be divided into hyphenated and real-time MS techniques. Hyphenated chromatographic techniques coupled with MS offer unparalleled qualitative analysis and high accuracy and sensitivity, even when analysing complex matrices (breath, urine, stool, etc.). However, these benefits are traded for a significantly longer analysis time and a greater need for sample preparation and method development. On the other hand, real-time MS techniques offer highly sensitive quantitative data. Additionally, real-time techniques can provide results in a matter of minutes or even seconds, without altering the sample in any way. However, real-time MS can only offer tentative qualitative data and suffers from molecular weight overlap in complex matrices. This review compares hyphenated and real-time MS methods and provides examples of applications for each technique for the detection of VCs from humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Gould
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Frenchay Campus, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (N.R.); (B.d.L.C.)
- Correspondence: (O.G.); (N.D.)
| | - Natalia Drabińska
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
- Food Volatilomics and Sensomics Group, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (O.G.); (N.D.)
| | - Norman Ratcliffe
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Frenchay Campus, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (N.R.); (B.d.L.C.)
| | - Ben de Lacy Costello
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Frenchay Campus, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (N.R.); (B.d.L.C.)
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14
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Henderson B, Slingers G, Pedrotti M, Pugliese G, Malásková M, Bryant L, Lomonaco T, Ghimenti S, Moreno S, Cordell R, Harren FJM, Schubert J, Mayhew CA, Wilde M, Di Francesco F, Koppen G, Beauchamp JD, Cristescu SM. The peppermint breath test benchmark for PTR-MS and SIFT-MS. J Breath Res 2021; 15. [PMID: 34416737 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac1fcf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge for breath research is the lack of standardization in sampling and analysis. To address this, a test that utilizes a standardized intervention and a defined study protocol has been proposed to explore disparities in breath research across different analytical platforms and to provide benchmark values for comparison. Specifically, thePeppermint Experimentinvolves the targeted analysis in exhaled breath of volatile constituents of peppermint oil after ingestion of the encapsulated oil. Data from thePeppermint Experimentperformed by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) are presented and discussed herein, including the product ions associated with the key peppermint volatiles, namely limonene,α- andβ-pinene, 1,8-cineole, menthol, menthone and menthofuran. The breath washout profiles of these compounds from 65 individuals were collected, comprising datasets from five PTR-MS and two SIFT-MS instruments. The washout profiles of these volatiles were evaluated by comparing the log-fold change over time of the product ion intensities associated with each volatile. Benchmark values were calculated from the lower 95% confidence interval of the linear time-to-washout regression analysis for all datasets combined. Benchmark washout values from PTR-MS analysis were 353 min for the sum of monoterpenes and 1,8-cineole (identical product ions), 173 min for menthol, 330 min for menthofuran, and 218 min for menthone; from SIFT-MS analysis values were 228 min for the sum of monoterpenes, 281 min for the sum of monoterpenes and 1,8-cineole, and 370 min for menthone plus 1,8-cineole. Large inter- and intra-dataset variations were observed, whereby the latter suggests that biological variability plays a key role in how the compounds are absorbed, metabolized and excreted from the body via breath. This variability seems large compared to the influence of sampling and analytical procedures, but further investigations are recommended to clarify the effects of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Henderson
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gitte Slingers
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Health Unit, Mol, Belgium.,Hasselt University, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, Limburg Clinical Research Center, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michele Pedrotti
- Department of Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Food Quality and Nutrition-Edmund Mach Foundation, Research and Innovation Center, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pugliese
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.,Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michaela Malásková
- Institute for Breath Research, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Wien, Austria
| | - Luke Bryant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ghimenti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sergi Moreno
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Cordell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Frans J M Harren
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Schubert
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
| | - Chris A Mayhew
- Institute for Breath Research, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tiroler Krebsforschungsinstitut (TKFI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Wilde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Di Francesco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Health Unit, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D Beauchamp
- Department of Sensory Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, Freising, Germany
| | - Simona M Cristescu
- Department of Molecular and Laser Physics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Lin GP, Vadhwana B, Belluomo I, Boshier PR, Španěl P, Hanna GB. Cross Platform Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds Using Selected Ion Flow Tube and Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:1215-1223. [PMID: 33831301 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile breath metabolites serve as potential disease biomarkers. Online mass spectrometry (MS) presents real-time quantification of breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The study aims to assess the relationship between two online analytical mass spectrometry techniques in the quantification of target breath metabolites: selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS). The two following techniques were employed: (i) direct injection with bag sampling using SIFT-MS and PTR-ToF-MS and (ii) direct injection and thermal desorption (TD) tube comparison using PTR-ToF-MS. The concentration of abundant breath metabolites, acetone and isoprene, demonstrated a strong positive linear correlation between both mass spectrometry techniques (r = 0.97, r = 0.89, respectively; p < 0.001) and between direct injection and TD tube (r = 0.97, r = 0.92, respectively; p < 0.001) breath sampling techniques. This was reflected for the majority of short chain fatty acids and alcohols tested (r > 0.80, p < 0.001). Analyte concentrations were notably higher with the direct injection of a sampling bag compared to the TD method. All metabolites produced a high degree of agreement in the detection range of VOCs between SIFT-MS and PTR-ToF-MS, with the majority of compounds falling within 95% of the limits of agreement with Bland-Altman analysis. The cross platform analysis of exhaled breath demonstrates strong positive correlation coefficients, linear regression, and agreement in target metabolite detection rates between both breath sampling techniques. The study demonstrates the transferability of using data outputs between SIFT-MS and PTR-ToF-MS. It supports the implementation of a TD platform in multi-site studies for breath biomarker research in order to facilitate sample transport between clinics and the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Ping Lin
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan City 33305, Taiwan
| | - Bhamini Vadhwana
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
| | - Ilaria Belluomo
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
| | - Piers R Boshier
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Španěl
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 182 23, Czech Republic
| | - George B Hanna
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Hospital, London W2 1PE, United Kingdom
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16
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Tsou PH, Lin ZL, Pan YC, Yang HC, Chang CJ, Liang SK, Wen YF, Chang CH, Chang LY, Yu KL, Liu CJ, Keng LT, Lee MR, Ko JC, Huang GH, Li YK. Exploring Volatile Organic Compounds in Breath for High-Accuracy Prediction of Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1431. [PMID: 33801001 PMCID: PMC8003836 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Lung cancer is silent in its early stages and fatal in its advanced stages. The current examinations for lung cancer are usually based on imaging. Conventional chest X-rays lack accuracy, and chest computed tomography (CT) is associated with radiation exposure and cost, limiting screening effectiveness. Breathomics, a noninvasive strategy, has recently been studied extensively. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) derived from human breath can reflect metabolic changes caused by diseases and possibly serve as biomarkers of lung cancer. (2) Methods: The selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) technique was used to quantitatively analyze 116 VOCs in breath samples from 148 patients with histologically confirmed lung cancers and 168 healthy volunteers. We used eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), a machine learning method, to build a model for predicting lung cancer occurrence based on quantitative VOC measurements. (3) Results: The proposed prediction model achieved better performance than other previous approaches, with an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89, 0.82, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively. When we further adjusted the confounding effect of environmental VOCs on the relationship between participants' exhaled VOCs and lung cancer occurrence, our model was improved to reach 0.92 accuracy, 0.96 sensitivity, 0.88 specificity, and 0.98 AUC. (4) Conclusion: A quantitative VOCs databank integrated with the application of an XGBoost classifier provides a persuasive platform for lung cancer prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsien Tsou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Zong-Lin Lin
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chiang Pan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Chen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Chien-Jen Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Sheng-Kai Liang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Yueh-Feng Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Lih-Yu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Kai-Lun Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Chia-Jung Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Li-Ta Keng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Meng-Rui Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Jen-Chung Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu 30059, Taiwan; (P.-H.T.); (H.-C.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (S.-K.L.); (Y.-F.W.); (C.-H.C.); (L.-Y.C.); (K.-L.Y.); (C.-J.L.); (L.-T.K.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Guan-Hua Huang
- Institute of Statistics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan;
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan;
| | - Yaw-Kuen Li
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan;
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsin-Chu 30010, Taiwan
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17
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Bhatia M, Biasioli F, Cappellin L, Piseri P, Manini N. Ab initio calculation of the proton transfer reaction rate coefficients to volatile organic compounds related to cork taint in wine. J Mass Spectrom 2020; 55:e4592. [PMID: 32748482 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We compute the proton transfer rates to a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) related to cork taint in wine. These rates are useful to support quantification in proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and in selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). We apply the average dipole orientation theory and the parameterized trajectory method to evaluate the rate coefficients for proton transfer occurring in ion-molecule collision, from both H3 O+ and NH 4 + to the VOCs. The main input ingredients for these methods are the electric dipole moment and polarizability of the VOC molecules, which we evaluate by means of quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory. We provide new data for proton transfer rate coefficients of compounds responsible for cork taint and off-flavor in wine such as chloroanisoles, bromoanisoles, methylisoborneol, guaiacol, and terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Bhatia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 16, Milan, I-20133, Italy
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
| | - Luca Cappellin
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38010, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 1Padua, 35121, Italy
| | - Paolo Piseri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 16, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Nicola Manini
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 16, Milan, I-20133, Italy
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18
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González-Cortés JJ, Bruneel J, Ramírez M, Walgraeve C. Effect of hydrophobic fumed silica addition on a biofilter for pentane removal using SIFT-MS. Chemosphere 2020; 254:126738. [PMID: 32339799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofiltration is a typical air pollution control process for the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Mass transfer of hydrophobic VOCs to the biofilm is limited which leads to low removal efficiency (RE). Aiming to enhance the transport of hydrophobic VOCs, the effect of hydrophobic fumed silica (HFS) addition to a biofilter (BF) for pentane removal was studied in this paper. The effect of HFS on pentane removal was evaluated by daily RE measurements and periodical headspace gas pentane pulse injections using SIFT-MS as analysis apparatus. The BF was operated during more than 100 days at an empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 120 s reaching an elimination capacity (EC) up to 93.8 g pentane m-3 h-1. At the last stage of the study, when a higher nutrient pulse and HFS to a concentration of 1.5% w/w wet were added, the BF showed better EC (46.3 ± 14.9 g pentane m-3 h-1; RE = 96.2%) compared to the previous stages (28.3 ± 4.4 g pentane m-3 h-1; RE = 68.3%). This overall performance improvement was in line with the short peak perturbation experiments carried out during the operational time which demonstrated, by net retention time (NRT) determination, to be a fast and reliable tool to gain insights into the behaviour of pollutants inside the BF and its state. Pentane demonstrated to have larger interactions with the packing material when HFS was added. NRT/EBRT ratio variated along the whole operational time, being larger at the last stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquín González-Cortés
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Spain
| | - Joren Bruneel
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martín Ramírez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Vine and Agri-Food Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Pol. Río San Pedro s/n, Puerto Real, 11510, Spain.
| | - Christophe Walgraeve
- Research Group EnVOC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Ozcan‐Sinir G, Copur OU, Barringer SA. Botanical and geographical origin of Turkish honeys by selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry and chemometrics. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:2198-2207. [PMID: 31901138 PMCID: PMC9291318 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey has a very important commercial value for producers as a natural product. Honey aroma is formed from the contributions of several volatile compounds, which are influenced by nectar composition, botanical origins, and location. Selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is a technique that quantifies volatile organic compounds simply and rapidly, even in low concentrations. In this study, the headspace concentration of eight monofloral (chestnut, rhododendron, lavender, sage, carob, heather, citrus, and pine) and three multiflower Turkish honeys were analyzed using SIFT-MS. Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) was used to differentiate honey samples based on their volatiles. RESULTS This study focused on 78 volatile compounds, which were selected from previous studies of selected honeys. Very clear distinctions were observed between all honeys. Interclass distances greater than 8 indicate that honeys were significantly different. Methanol and ethanol were abundant in the honeys. Chestnut honey collected from the Yalova region had the highest total concentration of volatiles followed by heather honey and chestnut honey collected from the Düzce region. CONCLUSION Honeys with different botanical and geographical origins showed differences in their volatile profile based on chemometric analysis. Of the honey samples, methanol, ethanol, acetoin, ethyl acetate, and isobutanoic acid had the highest discriminating power. Methanol and ethanol, and then acetic acid, were the volatiles with the highest concentrations in most honeys. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsah Ozcan‐Sinir
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food EngineeringBursa Uludag UniversityBursaTurkey
| | - Omer U Copur
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food EngineeringBursa Uludag UniversityBursaTurkey
| | - Sheryl A Barringer
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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Castada HZ, Liu J, Ann Barringer S, Huang X. Cyanogenesis in Macadamia and Direct Analysis of Hydrogen Cyanide in Macadamia Flowers, Leaves, Husks, and Nuts Using Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2020; 9:E174. [PMID: 32053983 PMCID: PMC7074372 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macadamia has increasing commercial importance in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, the toxic compound hydrogen cyanide (HCN) released from the hydrolysis of cyanogenic compounds in Macadamia causes a safety risk. In this study, optimum conditions for the maximum release of HCN from Macadamia were evaluated. Direct headspace analysis of HCN above Macadamia plant parts (flower, leaves, nuts, and husks) was carried out using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). The cyanogenic glycoside dhurrin and total cyanide in the extracts were analyzed using HPLC-MS and UV-vis spectrophotometer, respectively. HCN released in the headspace was at a maximum when Macadamia samples were treated with pH 7 buffer solution and heated at 50 °C for 60 min. Correspondingly, treatment of Macadamia samples under these conditions resulted in 93%-100% removal of dhurrin and 81%-91% removal of total cyanide in the sample extracts. Hydrolysis of cyanogenic glucosides followed a first-order reaction with respect to HCN production where cyanogenesis is principally induced by pH changes initiating enzymatic hydrolysis rather than thermally induced reactions. The effective processing of different Macadamia plant parts is important and beneficial for the safe production and utilization of Macadamia-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardy Z. Castada
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Sheryl Ann Barringer
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, 2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Xuesong Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
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21
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Lehnert AS, Perreca E, Gershenzon J, Pohnert G, Trumbore SE. Simultaneous Real-Time Measurement of Isoprene and 2-Methyl-3-Buten-2-ol Emissions From Trees Using SIFT-MS. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:578204. [PMID: 33329639 PMCID: PMC7728719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.578204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The C5 hemiterpenes isoprene and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) are important biogenic volatiles emitted from terrestrial vegetation. Isoprene is emitted from many plant groups, especially trees such as Populus, while emission of MBO is restricted to certain North American conifers, including species of Pinus. MBO is also a pheromone emitted by several conifer bark beetles. Both isoprene and MBO have typically been measured by proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), but this method cannot accurately distinguish between them because of their signal overlap. Our study developed a method for using selective ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) that allows simultaneous on-line measurement of isoprene and MBO by employing different reagent ions. The use of m/z(NO+) = 68 u for isoprene and m/z(O2 +) = 71 u for MBO gave minimal interference between the compounds. We tested the suitability of the method by measuring the emission of young trees of Populus, Picea, and Pinus. Our results largely confirm previous findings that Populus nigra, Picea glauca, and Picea abies emit isoprene and Pinus ponderosa emits MBO, but we also found MBO to be emitted by Picea abies. Thus SIFT-MS provides a reliable, easy to use, on-line measuring tool to distinguish between isoprene and MBO. The method should be of use to atmospheric chemists, tree physiologists and forest entomologists, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sophie Lehnert
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ann-Sophie Lehnert,
| | - Erica Perreca
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Susan E. Trumbore
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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La Nasa J, Modugno F, Colombini MP, Degano I. Validation Study of Selected Ion Flow Tube-Mass Spectrometry ( SIFT-MS) in Heritage Science: Characterization of Natural and Synthetic Paint Varnishes by Portable Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:2250-2258. [PMID: 31489561 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02305-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The identification at molecular level of organic materials in heritage objects as paintings requires in most cases the collection of micro-samples followed by micro-destructive analysis. In this study, we explore the possibility to characterize natural and synthetic resins used as paint varnishes by mean of non-invasive analysis of released volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). SIFT-MS is a portable direct mass spectrometric technique that achieves the analysis of VOCs at trace levels in real time, by controlled ultra-soft chemical ionization using eight different chemical ionization agents. We tested the portable instrumentation on different reference resins used as paint varnishes, both natural (mastic, dammar, and colophony) and synthetic (Paraloid B67, MS2A, Regalrez 1094, and polyvinyl acetate), to evaluate the possibility to acquire qualitative data for the identification of these materials in heritage objects avoiding any sampling. This new analytical approach was validated by comparison with the traditional approach for VOCs analysis based on solid phase micro extraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) analysis. The results demonstrate the use of SIFT-MS as an in situ non-invasive and non-destructive mass spectrometric technique to identify organic materials, such as paint varnishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo La Nasa
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Modugno
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Degano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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23
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La Nasa J, Nardella F, Modugno F, Colombini MP, Ribechini E, Degano I. SIFT-ing archaeological artifacts: Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry as a new tool in archaeometry. Talanta 2019; 207:120323. [PMID: 31594618 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A fast non-destructive approach based on the use of portable selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used for the first time to characterize organic materials in archaeological artifacts. The high sensitivity, specificity and selectivity SIFT soft chemical ionization mass spectrometry enabled us to investigate the composition of organic residues collected from ancient Egyptian findings in order to demonstrate the robustness of the techniques with different matrices. In addition, we tested SIFT-MS directly on an archaeological Egyptian amphora to prove its suitability as a completely non-invasive technique. Parallel investigations on all the samples were performed by GC/MS analysis to correlate and confirm the data obtained by SIFT-MS. The possibility of using a portable mass spectrometer on an excavation site or in a museum would be a significant step forward in the non-invasive analysis of organic archaeological materials, enabling archeologists and conservators to obtain real-time information on the molecular composition of organic residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo La Nasa
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Federica Nardella
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Modugno
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Erika Ribechini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Degano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
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24
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Geeraerts W, Borremans W, De Vuyst L, Leroy F, Van Kerrebroeck S. The application of selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry to follow volatile formation in modified-atmosphere-packaged cooked ham. Food Res Int 2019; 123:601-11. [PMID: 31285009 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cooked pork products, i.e., sliced cooked hams maintained under modified-atmosphere-packaging (MAP), were analysed both microbiologically and with respect to volatile levels during storage. Three storage temperature ranges were compared (4-6 °C, 7-9 °C, and 11-13 °C), representing different refrigeration conditions at household level. The microbial loads were determined by plating samples on six different agar media, followed by (GTG)5-PCR fingerprinting of genomic DNA of selected isolates, and identification of representative isolates by 16S rRNA, pheS, and rpoA gene sequencing. Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Lactobacillus sakei, and Serratia proteamaculans were the major bacterial species found among the 619 isolates identified. The volatiles produced during storage were followed by selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and the identity of the volatiles was confirmed by headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-TOF-MS). SIFT-MS analysis showed that volatiles, such as 2,3-butanediol, acetoin, and ethanol, may serve as potential markers for spoilage development. Differences in volatile production between samples were likely due to discrepancies in the initial microbial load and the effect of storage conditions. In conclusion, this study combines the use of new mass spectrometric techniques to examine volatile production during spoilage as an additional source of information during microbiological community analysis.
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25
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Pagonis D, Sekimoto K, de Gouw J. A Library of Proton-Transfer Reactions of H 3O + Ions Used for Trace Gas Detection. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:1330-1335. [PMID: 31037568 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have collected data on the proton-transfer reactions with H3O+ ions for trace gas detection into an online and publicly available library. The library allows users of proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) to look up at which m/z a trace gas of interest is detected. Vice versa, the library also allows looking up what trace gas may have been responsible for a product ion detected in PTR-MS and SIFT-MS. Finally, the library may serve as a dataset for further research on calculating instrument sensitivity and product-ion fragmentation, improving identification and quantification of newly detectable compounds as advances in instrumentation continue. To demonstrate the utility of the library, we present a brief analysis of product-ion fragmentation. We show that oxygenated organic compounds exhibit trends in neutral loss according to their functionality, and that on average neutral losses decrease the carbon number and increase the extent of unsaturation of product ions. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios Pagonis
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences & Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, 216 UCB, CIRES, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | | | - Joost de Gouw
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences & Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, 216 UCB, CIRES, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA.
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26
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Kuuliala L, Sader M, Solimeo A, Pérez-Fernández R, Vanderroost M, De Baets B, De Meulenaer B, Ragaert P, Devlieghere F. Spoilage evaluation of raw Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stored under modified atmospheres by multivariate statistics and augmented ordinal regression. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 303:46-57. [PMID: 31136954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of quality monitoring systems for perishable food products like seafood requires extensive data collection under specified packaging and storage conditions, followed by advanced data analysis and interpretation. Even though the benefits of using volatile organic compounds as food quality indices have been recognized, few studies have focused on real-time quantification of the seafood volatilome and subsequent systematic identification of the most important spoilage indicators. In this study, spoilage of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stored under modified atmospheres (% CO2/O2/N2) and air was characterized by performing multivariate statistical analysis and augmented ordinal regression modelling for data collected by microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses. Out of 25 compounds quantified by selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry, ethanol, dimethyl sulfide and hydrogen sulfide were found characteristic under anaerobic conditions (0/0/100 and 60/0/40), whereas spoilage under air was primarily associated with the production of alcohols and ketones. Under high-O2 MAP (60/40/0), only 3-methylbutanal fulfilled the identification criteria. Overall, this manuscript presents a systematic and widely applicable methodology for the identification of most potential seafood spoilage indicators within the context of intelligent packaging technology development. In particular, parallel application of statistics and modelling was found highly beneficial for the performance of the quality characterization process and for the practical applicability of the obtained results in food quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kuuliala
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Research Unit Knowledge-based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - M Sader
- Research Unit Knowledge-based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Solimeo
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Pérez-Fernández
- Research Unit Knowledge-based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Vanderroost
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - B De Baets
- Research Unit Knowledge-based Systems (KERMIT), Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - B De Meulenaer
- Research Unit Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition (nutriFOODchem), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Ragaert
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - F Devlieghere
- Research Unit Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (FMFP), Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Part of Food2Know, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Miolo G, Basile D, Carretta A, Santeufemia DA, Steffan A, Corona G. The metabolomic scent of cancer disease progression in soft tissue sarcoma: A case report. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:205-209. [PMID: 30852948 DOI: 10.1177/1724600818817316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this case report is to describe the potential that metabolomics breath analysis may have in cancer disease monitoring. The advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation allow the accurate real-time analysis of volatile metabolites exhaled in the breath. The application of such non-invasive devices may provide innovative and complementary monitoring of the physio-pathological conditions of cancer patients. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old Caucasian woman with spindle cell malignant mesenchymal sarcoma of the presacral region started a first-line therapy with non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and ifosfamide associated with pelvic radiant treatment. After two cycles of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, a significant pulmonary disease progression was reported. Thus, a second-line therapy with trabectedin was administered. However, after only two cycles of treatment a re-staging computed tomography scan reported further cancer disease progression of the target pulmonary lesions as well as occurrence of new satellite bilateral nodules. Real-time analysis of breath exhaled volatile organic compounds, performed by select ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) during the follow-up of the patient, showed a specific metabolic pattern not observed in the breath of other soft tissue sarcoma patients who achieved clinical benefit from the treatments. CONCLUSIONS This case report revealed the importance of the non-invasive real-time volatile organic compounds breath analysis to distinguish individual specific chemo-resistance phenotypes among soft tissue sarcoma patients. Such observation seems to suggest that breath metabolomics may be particularly useful for monitoring cancer disease progression in soft tissue sarcoma patients where only cost-effective diagnostic tools, such as positron emission tomography and computed tomography, are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Miolo
- 1 Medical and Preventive Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Debora Basile
- 1 Medical and Preventive Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.,2 School of Medical Oncology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Agostino Steffan
- 5 Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- 5 Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Van Kerrebroeck S, Harth H, Comasio A, De Vuyst L. Monitoring of starter culture-initiated liquid wheat and teff sourdough fermentations by selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:3501-3512. [PMID: 29314016 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) is a direct-injection mass spectrometric technique that has been introduced recently into the field of food and flavor analysis. It also shows potential for use in the monitoring of food fermentations. Therefore, this study aimed at the online monitoring of different volatile compounds produced during starter culture-initiated liquid sourdough fermentations by SIFT-MS, for which a new workflow was developed. RESULTS The online monitoring of the volatile sample compounds acetoin and ethyl acetate, diacetyl, and ethanol was made possible during the production of sourdoughs obtained through fermentation with several interesting strains belonging to the species Lactobacillus crustorum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus hilgardii, Lactobacillus nagelii, Lactobacillus sakei, and Gluconobacter oxydans. Acetoin and ethyl acetate could not be distinguished based solely on SIFT-MS data. Diacetyl production was monitored in the case of Lb. crustorum LMG 23699 as a starter culture strain, thereby making the distinction between those volatiles produced in sourdough without extra ingredients added or after the addition of citrate or malate. CONCLUSION Starter culture-initiated liquid sourdough fermentations were monitored successfully. The volatile compound production of the different starter culture strains tested reflected differences in their metabolism and/or competitiveness in a sourdough matrix. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Van Kerrebroeck
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Henning Harth
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrea Comasio
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc De Vuyst
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
This article reflects our observations of recent accomplishments made using selected ion flow tube MS (SIFT-MS). Only brief descriptions are given of SIFT-MS as an analytical method and of the recent extensions to the underpinning analytical ion chemistry required to realize more robust analyses. The challenge of breath analysis is given special attention because, when achieved, it renders analysis of other air media relatively straightforward. Brief overviews are given of recent SIFT-MS breath analyses by leading research groups, noting the desirability of detection and quantification of single volatile biomarkers rather than reliance on statistical analyses, if breath analysis is to be accepted into clinical practice. A 'strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats' analysis of SIFT-MS is made, which should help to increase its utility for trace gas analysis.
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Abstract
Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from breath or clinical samples for disease diagnosis is an attractive proposition because it is noninvasive and rapid. There are numerous studies showing its potential, yet there are barriers to its development. Sampling and sample handling is difficult, and when coupled with a variety of analytical instrumentation, the same samples can give different results. Background air and the environment a person has been exposed to can greatly affect the VOCs emitted by the body; however, this is not an easy problem to solve. This review investigates the use of VOCs in disease diagnosis, the analytical techniques employed and the problems associated with sample handling and standardization. It then suggests the barriers to future development.
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Abstract
During storage of shredded cabbage, characteristic sulfurous volatile compounds are formed affecting cabbage aroma both negatively and positively. Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used to measure the concentration of cabbage volatiles during storage. The volatile levels of cabbage samples were measured at pH 3.3 to 7.4 at 4 °C for 14 d, and pH 3.3 at 25 °C for 5 d in order to determine the effect of pH and temperature. Aroma intensity, best aroma, freshness, and off odor were evaluated in a sensory test of the samples at 4 °C. The desirable volatile allyl isothiocyanate was lower in high pH samples (pH 7.4 and 6.4), whereas higher concentrations were detected in low pH samples (pH 3.3 and 4.6). Lipoxygenase volatiles, which produce a fresh green and leafy aroma in cabbage, were generated in very low amounts at any pH value. High pH samples generated significantly higher concentrations of off odors such as dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, and methanethiol. Sensory tests showed that higher pH samples had significantly stronger off odor and lower desirable cabbage aroma than lower pH samples. Thus, sensory results matched the volatile results in that samples at higher pH levels formed the highest amount of undesirable volatiles and the least amount of desirable volatiles. Storage at 25 °C produced similar concentrations of allyl isothiocyanate, but significantly higher levels of off odors, than at 4 °C. Shredded cabbage products should be stored in low pH dressings to minimize formation of off odors and maximize formation of characteristic, desirable cabbage odor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Akpolat
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State Univ, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH, 43210, U.S.A.,Dept. of Food Engineering, Bayburt Univ, Bayburt, 69000, Turkey
| | - Sheryl Ann Barringer
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State Univ, 2015 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH, 43210, U.S.A
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Van Kerrebroeck S, Vercammen J, Wuyts R, De Vuyst L. Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry for online monitoring of submerged fermentations: a case study of sourdough fermentation. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:829-835. [PMID: 25549013 DOI: 10.1021/jf505111m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) has recently gained interest as an alternative method to traditional GC-MS for the detection of targeted volatile sample compounds, due to its ease of use, its speed and sensitivity, and its potential for real-time quantification. The feasibility of this technique was demonstrated using the case of the production of ethanol during sourdough fermentation. The potential of SIFT-MS as an online monitoring device for food fermentations was further demonstrated by the detection of acetoin in certain sourdough fermentations. This allowed discrimination between sourdough fermentation processes and illustrated the importance of real-time monitoring of food fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Van Kerrebroeck
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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