1
|
Wang Y, Zhao C, Lu A, Dong D, Gong W. Unveiling the hidden impact: How biodegradable microplastics influence CO 2 and CH 4 emissions and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) profiles in soil ecosystems. J Hazard Mater 2024; 471:134294. [PMID: 38669928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics promise eco-friendliness, yet their transformation into microplastics (bio-MPs) raises environmental alarms. However, how those bio-MPs affect the greenhouse gases (GHGs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil ecosystems remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the effects of diverse bio-MPs (PBAT, PBS, and PLA) on GHGs and VOCs emission in typical paddy or upland soils. We monitored the carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes in-situ using the self-developed portable optical gas sensor and analyzed VOC profiles using a proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). Our study has revealed that, despite their biodegradable nature, bio-MPs do not always promote soil GHG emissions as previously thought. Specifically, PBAT and PLA significantly increased CO2 and CH4 emissions up to 1.9-7.5 and 115.9-178.5 fold, respectively, compared to the control group. While PBS exhibited the opposite trend, causing a decrease of up to 39.9% for CO2 and up to 39.9% for CH4. In addition, different types of bio-MPs triggered distinct soil VOC emission patterns. According to the Mann-Whitney U-test and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), a recognizable VOC pattern associated with different bio-MPs was revealed. This study claims the necessity of considering polymer-specific responses when assessing the environmental impact of Bio-MPs, and providing insights into their implications for climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chunjiang Zhao
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Anxiang Lu
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Daming Dong
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Wenwen Gong
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lilien TA, Brinkman P, Fenn DW, van Woensel JBM, Bos LDJ, Bem RA. Breath Markers of Oxidative Stress in Children with Severe Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infection. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2024. [PMID: 38315815 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0349oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe viral lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), resulting in both acute and long-term pulmonary disease, constitutes a substantial burden among young children. Viral LRTI triggers local oxidative stress pathways by infection and inflammation, and supportive care in the pediatric intensive care unit may further aggravate oxidative injury. The main goal of this exploratory study was to identify and monitor breath markers linked to oxidative stress in children over the disease course of severe viral LRTI. Exhaled breath was sampled during invasive ventilation and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analyzed using gas-chromatography and mass-spectrometry. VOCs were selected in an untargeted principal component analysis and assessed for change over time. Additionally, identified VOCs were correlated with clinical parameters. Seventy breath samples from 21 patients were analyzed. A total of 15 VOCs were identified that contributed the most to the explained variance of breath markers. Of these 15 VOCs, 10 were previously linked to pathways of oxidative stress. Eight VOCs, including seven alkanes and methyl alkanes, significantly decreased from the initial phase of ventilation to the day of extubation. No correlation was observed with the administered oxygen dose, while 6 VOCs showed a poor-to-strong positive correlation with driving pressure. In this prospective study of children with severe viral LRTI, the majority of VOCs that were most important for the explained variance mirrored clinical improvement. These breath markers could potentially help monitor the pulmonary oxidative status in these patients, but further research with other objective measures of pulmonary injury is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs A Lilien
- Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, 26066, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Amsterdam, Netherlands;
| | - Paul Brinkman
- Amsterdam UMC - Locatie AMC, 26066, Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands
| | - Dominic W Fenn
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, 522567, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
| | | | - Lieuwe D J Bos
- Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, 26066, Intensive Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reinout A Bem
- Emma Childrens' Hospital UMC, 332563, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moura PC, Raposo M, Vassilenko V. Breath biomarkers in Non-Carcinogenic diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117692. [PMID: 38065379 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from human matrices like breath, perspiration, and urine has received increasing attention from academic and medical researchers worldwide. These biological-borne VOCs molecules have characteristics that can be directly related to physiologic and pathophysiologic metabolic processes. In this work, gathers a total of 292 analytes that have been identified as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of various non-carcinogenic diseases. Herein we review the advances in VOCs with a focus on breath biomarkers and their potential role as minimally invasive tools to improve diagnosis prognosis and therapeutic monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Catalão Moura
- Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus FCT-UNL, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria Raposo
- Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus FCT-UNL, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Valentina Vassilenko
- Laboratory for Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus FCT-UNL, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tahir HAS, Ali Q, Rajer FU, Shakeel Q, Gillani W, Binyamin R, Tayyab HMA, Khan AR, Gu Q, Gao X, Wu H. Transcriptomic analysis of Ralstonia solanacearum in response to antibacterial volatiles of Bacillus velezensis FZB42. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:358. [PMID: 37878074 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), produced by a variety of microbial species and used as biological agents, have been demonstrated to play a significant role in controlling phytopathogens. In continuation of our previous studies, we aim to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in interactions between pathogens and microbial VOCs. In the current study, we tested how VOCs produced by Bacillus velezensis FZB42 affect the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum TBBS1 in vitro.Query The result showed that the colony growth of R. solanacearum was reduced with an inhibition rate of 0.83 ± 0.043 as compared to the control 1.7 ± 0.076, respectively. The number of viable cells of R. solanacearum was significantly decreased to 7.68 CFU/mL as compared to the control (9.02 CFU/mL). In addition, transcriptomic analysis of R. solanacearum in response to VOCs produced by FZB42 was performed to better understand the effect of VOCs on R. solanacearum. The transcriptional response of R. solanacearum to FZB42-VOCs was determined using an Illumina RNA-seq approach. The results revealed significant changes in the expression of 2094 R. solanacearum genes, including 593 upregulated and 1501 downregulated genes. To validate the RNA-seq results, the expression of 10 genes was quantified using RT-qPCR. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to functionally annotate differentially expressed genes. Significant changes were observed in genes directly or indirectly related to virulence, including those related to bacterial invasion, motility, chemotaxis, and secretion systems. Overall, RNA-seq profiling provides new insights into the possible fundamental molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the reduction in growth and virulence of R. solanacearum upon application of FZB42-VOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Abdul Samad Tahir
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- Pakistan Tobacco Board, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Qurban Ali
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Faheem Uddin Rajer
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Crop Protection, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, 70060, Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Shakeel
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Waqqas Gillani
- Pakistan Tobacco Board, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rana Binyamin
- Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Abdur Rashid Khan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Banga I, Paul A, Poudyal DC, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. Recent Advances in Gas Detection Methodologies with a Special Focus on Environmental Sensing and Health Monitoring Applications─A Critical Review. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3307-3319. [PMID: 37540230 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
With the expansion of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), the use of gas sensors in the field of wearable technology, smart devices, and smart homes has increased manifold. These gas sensors have two key applications─one is the detection of gases present in the environment and the other is the detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that are found in the breath. In this review, we focus systematically on the advancements in the field of various spectroscopic methods such as mass spectrometry-based analysis and point-of-care approach to detect VOCs and gases for environmental monitoring and disease diagnosis. Additionally, we highlight the development of smart sensors that work on the principle of electrochemical detection and provide examples of the same through an extensive literature review. At the end of this review, we highlight various challenges and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivneet Banga
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Anirban Paul
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Durgasha C Poudyal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Sriram Muthukumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- EnLiSense LLC, 1813 Audubon Pondway, Allen, Texas 75013, United States
| | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
- EnLiSense LLC, 1813 Audubon Pondway, Allen, Texas 75013, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen WY, Fu YP, Tu H, Zhong W, Zhou L. The association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and serum lipids in the US adult population. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:129. [PMID: 37568143 PMCID: PMC10422774 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Epidemiological evidence on the relationship between exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), both single and mixed, and serum lipid levels is limited, and their relationship remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to VOCs with serum lipid levels in the US adult population. METHODS AND RESULTS The study examined the association of 16 VOC levels (2-methylhippuric acid, 3- and 4-methylhippuric acid, N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine, 2-aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid, N-acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine. N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine, mandelic acid, N-acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-butenyl)-L-cysteine, phenylglyoxylic acid and N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine) with total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2011 and 2015, and a total of 1410 adults were enrolled. The association was evaluated by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), multiple linear regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. In BKMR analysis, exposure to VOCs is positively correlated with levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C. However, statistical significance was observed only for the impact on TG. Our linear regression analysis and WQS regression generally support the BKMR results. Several VOCs were positively associated with serum lipid profiles (e.g., the ln-transformed level of mandelic acid (MA) displayed an increase in estimated changes of 7.01 (95% CIs: 2.78, 11.24) mg/dL for TC level), even after the effective number of tests for multiple testing (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to VOCs was associated with serum lipids, and more studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Chen
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Yan-Peng Fu
- Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 Minde Road, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui Tu
- Nusring Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanchang University Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cejudo C, Ferreiro M, Romera I, Casas L, Mantell C. Functional, Physical, and Volatile Characterization of Chitosan/Starch Food Films Functionalized with Mango Leaf Extract. Foods 2023; 12:2977. [PMID: 37569246 PMCID: PMC10418412 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Active packaging is one of the currently thriving methods to preserve highly perishable foods. Nonetheless, the integration of active substances into the formulation of the packaging may alter their properties-particularly mass transfer properties-and therefore, the active compounds acting. Different formulations of chitosan (CH), starch (ST), and their blends (CH-ST), with the addition of mango leaf extract (MLE) have been polymerized by casting to evaluate their food preservation efficiency. A CH-ST blend with 3% MLE using 7.5 mL of the filmogenic solution proved to be the most effective formulation because of its high bioactivity (ca. 80% and 74% of inhibition growth of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively, and 40% antioxidant capacity). The formulation reduced the water solubility and water vapor permeability while increasing UV protection, properties that provide a better preservation of raspberry fruit after 13 days than the control. Moreover, a novel method of Headspace-Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry to analyze the volatile profiles of the films is employed, to study the potential modification of the food in contact with the active film. These migrated compounds were shown to be closely related to both the mango extract additions and the film's formulation themselves, showing different fingerprints depending on the film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cejudo
- Chemical Engineering and Food Technology Department, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Avda. República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (C.C.); (I.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Marta Ferreiro
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Avda. República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Irene Romera
- Chemical Engineering and Food Technology Department, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Avda. República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (C.C.); (I.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Lourdes Casas
- Chemical Engineering and Food Technology Department, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Avda. República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (C.C.); (I.R.); (C.M.)
| | - Casimiro Mantell
- Chemical Engineering and Food Technology Department, Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Avda. República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Cadiz, Spain; (C.C.); (I.R.); (C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Severino MI, Al Mohtar A, Vieira Soares C, Freitas C, Sadovnik N, Nandi S, Mouchaham G, Pimenta V, Nouar F, Daturi M, Maurin G, Pinto ML, Serre C. MOFs with Open Metal(III) Sites for the Environmental Capture of Polar Volatile Organic Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211583. [PMID: 36468308 PMCID: PMC10108120 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) with open metal sites (OMS) interact strongly with a range of polar gases/vapors. However, under ambient conditions, their selective adsorption is generally impaired due to a high OMS affinity to water. This led previously to the privilege selection of hydrophobic MOFs for the selective capture/detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Herein, we show that this paradigm is challenged by metal(III) polycarboxylates MOFs, bearing a high concentration of OMS, as MIL-100(Fe), enabling the selective capture of polar VOCs even in the presence of water. With experimental and computational tools, including single-component gravimetric and dynamic mixture adsorption measurements, in situ infrared (IR) spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory calculations we reveal that this adsorption mechanism involves a direct coordination of the VOC on the OMS, associated with an interaction energy that exceeds that of water. Hence, MOFs with OMS are demonstrated to be of interest for air purification purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inês Severino
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Abeer Al Mohtar
- CERENA, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Cátia Freitas
- CERENA, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nicolas Sadovnik
- Normandie Univ., ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Shyamapada Nandi
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Georges Mouchaham
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Vanessa Pimenta
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Farid Nouar
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Marco Daturi
- Normandie Univ., ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, Laboratoire Catalyse et Spectrochimie, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Moisés L Pinto
- CERENA, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Christian Serre
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris (IMAP), ESPCI Paris, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Footer TL, Thoma ED, Clark N, Johnson D, Nash J, Herndon SC. Evaluating Natural Gas Emissions from Pneumatic Controllers from Upstream Oil and Gas Facilities in West Virginia. Atmos Environ X 2023; 17:1-10. [PMID: 36643185 PMCID: PMC9835970 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In April of 2018, an optical gas imaging (OGI) and full flow sampler (FFS) emissions measurement study of pneumatic controllers (PCs) was conducted at 15 oil and natural gas production sites in West Virginia. The objective of the study was to identify and characterize PC systems with excessive emissions caused by maintenance issues or nonoptimized process conditions. A total of 391 PC systems were found on the sites and all were classified by the operator as snap-acting (on/off) intermittent venting PCs (IPCs) that should exhibit little gas release while the PC is closed between actuation events. The population was comprised of two groups, 259 infrequently actuating, lower emitting (LE) IPCs and 132 gas processing unit (GPU) liquid level IPCs and associated dump valve actuators that vent more frequently and have larger emission volumes. Using a PC-specific OGI inspection protocol with an assumed whole gas OGI detection threshold of 2.0 scfh, only 2 out of 259 LE-IPCs exhibited OGI detectable emissions indicating good inspection and maintenance practices for this category. Due to combined (ganged) GPU exhaust vents, the OGI inspection of the GPU liquid level IPCs was comparatively less informative and determination of single component IPC emissions by the FFS was more difficult. The time resolved FFS measurements of GPU IPCs defined three categories of operation: one that indicated proper function and two associated with higher emissions that may result from an IPC maintenance or process issues. The overall GPU IPC emission distribution was heavy tailed, with a median value of 12.8 scfh, similar to the 13.5 scfh whole gas IPC emission factor (EF). Total emissions were dominated by non-optimal temporal profile high-emitter IPC cases with the top 20% of IPC systems accounting for between 51.3% and 70.7% of GPU liquid level IPC emissions by volume. The uncertainty in the estimate was due to the ganged nature of the GPU exhaust vents. The highest GPU IPC emission came from a single malfunctioning unit with a measured whole gas value of 157 scfh. Up to six IPCs exceeded 100 scfh. An analysis of FFS emission measurements compared to liquids production per IPC unit employed indicated that production sites operating at a high level of liquids production test the limits of the site engineering, likely resulting in higher IPC emissions. Overall, this study found that the LE-IPCs with OGI-verified low closed bleed rates may emit well below the IPC EF while GPU liquid level IPC systems are likely well represented by the current IPC EF. IPCs that are experiencing a maintenance or process issue or that are operating at sites with a very high product throughput per IPC employed can emit at rates exceeding ten times IPC EF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey L Footer
- Eastern Research Group, Inc., 601 Keystone Park Drive, Suite 700, Morrisville, NC 27560, United States
| | - Eben D Thoma
- Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States
| | - Nigel Clark
- West Virginia University, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, PO Box 6106, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Derek Johnson
- West Virginia University, Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, PO Box 6106, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Jennifer Nash
- Eastern Research Group, Inc., 601 Keystone Park Drive, Suite 700, Morrisville, NC 27560, United States
| | - Scott C Herndon
- Aerodyne, 45 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ngumbi E, Dady E, Calla B. Flooding and herbivory: the effect of concurrent stress factors on plant volatile emissions and gene expression in two heirloom tomato varieties. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:536. [PMID: 36396998 PMCID: PMC9670554 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In nature and in cultivated fields, plants encounter multiple stress factors. Nonetheless, our understanding of how plants actively respond to combinatorial stress remains limited. Among the least studied stress combination is that of flooding and herbivory, despite the growing importance of these stressors in the context of climate change. We investigated plant chemistry and gene expression changes in two heirloom tomato varieties: Cherokee Purple (CP) and Striped German (SG) in response to flooding, herbivory by Spodoptera exigua, and their combination. RESULTS Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified in tomato plants subjected to flooding and/or herbivory included several mono- and sesquiterpenes. Flooding was the main factor altering VOCs emission rates, and impacting plant biomass accumulation, while different varieties had quantitative differences in their VOC emissions. At the gene expression levels, there were 335 differentially expressed genes between the two tomato plant varieties, these included genes encoding for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamoyl-CoA-reductase-like, and phytoene synthase (Psy1). Flooding and variety effects together influenced abscisic acid (ABA) signaling genes with the SG variety showing higher levels of ABA production and ABA-dependent signaling upon flooding. Flooding downregulated genes associated with cytokinin catabolism and general defense response and upregulated genes associated with ethylene biosynthesis, anthocyanin biosynthesis, and gibberellin biosynthesis. Combining flooding and herbivory induced the upregulation of genes including chalcone synthase (CHS), PAL, and genes encoding BAHD acyltransferase and UDP-glucose iridoid glucosyltransferase-like genes in one of the tomato varieties (CP) and a disproportionate number of heat-shock proteins in SG. Only the SG variety had measurable changes in gene expression due to herbivory alone, upregulating zeatin, and O-glucosyltransferase and thioredoxin among others. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that both heirloom tomato plant varieties differ in their production of secondary metabolites including phenylpropanoids and terpenoids and their regulation and activation of ABA signaling upon stress associated with flooding. Herbivory and flooding together had interacting effects that were evident at the level of plant chemistry (VOCs production), gene expression and biomass markers. Results from our study highlight the complex nature of plant responses to combinatorial stresses and point at specific genes and pathways that are affected by flooding and herbivory combined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ngumbi
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Erinn Dady
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bernarda Calla
- USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Álvarez-García S, Manga-Robles A, Encina A, Gutiérrez S, Casquero PA. Novel culture chamber to evaluate in vitro plant-microbe volatile interactions: Effects of Trichoderma harzianum volatiles on wheat plantlets. Plant Sci 2022; 320:111286. [PMID: 35643620 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The field of plant-microbe interactions mediated by Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) still faces several limitations due to the lack of reliable equipment. We present a novel device designed to evaluate in vitro plant-microbe volatile interactions, the plant-microbe VOC Chamber. It was tested by evaluating the effects exerted on wheat development by volatiles from three Trichoderma harzianum strains, a wild type and two genetically modified strains; one expressing the tri5 gene, which leads to the synthesis and emission of the volatile trichodiene, and the other by silencing the erg1 gene, impairing ergosterol production. The wild type and the erg1-silenced strain enhanced fresh weight and length of the aerial part, but reduced root dry weight. Interestingly, no differences were found between them. Conversely, the tri5-transformant strain reduced root and aerial growth compared to the control and the other strains. No differences were observed regarding chlorophyll fluorescence quantum yield and leaf chlorophyll content, suggesting that the released BVOCs do not interfere with photosynthesis. The plant-microbe VOC Chamber proved to be a simple and reliable method to evaluate the in vitro effects of microbial BVOCs on plant development, perfect for the screening of microorganisms with interesting volatile traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Álvarez-García
- Grupo Universitario de Investigación en Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible (GUIIAS), Instituto de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Biodiversidad, Universidad de León, Avenida Portugal 41, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Alba Manga-Robles
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Dpto. Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, E-24071 León, Spain.
| | - Antonio Encina
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Dpto. Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de León, E-24071 León, Spain.
| | - Santiago Gutiérrez
- Grupo Universitario de Investigación en Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible (GUIIAS), Área de Microbiología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria y Forestal, Universidad de León, Campus de Ponferrada, Avenida Astorga s/n, 24401 Ponferrada, Spain.
| | - Pedro A Casquero
- Grupo Universitario de Investigación en Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible (GUIIAS), Instituto de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Biodiversidad, Universidad de León, Avenida Portugal 41, 24071 León, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Larracy R, Phinyomark A, Scheme E. Infrared cavity ring-down spectroscopy for detecting non-small cell lung cancer in exhaled breath. J Breath Res 2022; 16. [PMID: 35294929 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac5e4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of lung cancer greatly improves the likelihood of survival and remission, but limitations in existing technologies like low-dose computed tomography have prevented the implementation of widespread screening programs. Breath-based solutions that seek disease biomarkers in exhaled volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles show promise as affordable, accessible and non-invasive alternatives to traditional imaging. In this pilot work, we present a lung cancer detection framework using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS), an effective and practical laser absorption spectroscopy technique that has the ability to advance breath screening into clinical reality. The main aims of this work were to 1) test the utility of infrared CRDS breath profiles for discriminating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from controls, 2) compare models with VOCs as predictors to those with patterns from the CRDS spectra (breathprints) as predictors, and 3) present a robust approach for identifying relevant disease biomarkers. First, based on a proposed learning curve technique that estimated the limits of a model's performance at multiple sample sizes (10-158), the CRDS-based models developed in this work were found to achieve classification performance comparable or superior to like mass spectroscopy and sensor-based systems. Second, using 158 collected samples (62 NSCLC subjects and 96 controls), the accuracy range for the VOC-based model was 65.19%-85.44% (51.61%-66.13% sensitivity and 73.96%-97.92% specificity), depending on the employed cross-validation technique. The model based on breathprint predictors generally performed better, with accuracy ranging from 71.52%-86.08% (58.06%-82.26% sensitivity and 80.21%-88.54% specificity). Lastly, using a protocol based on consensus feature selection, three VOCs (isopropanol, dimethyl sulfide, and butyric acid) and two breathprint features (from a local binary pattern transformation of the spectra) were identified as possible NSCLC biomarkers. This research demonstrates the potential of infrared CRDS breath profiles and the developed early-stage classification techniques for NSCLC biomarker detection and screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Larracy
- University of New Brunswick Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 25 Dineen Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, CANADA
| | - Angkoon Phinyomark
- University of New Brunswick Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 25 Dineen Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, CANADA
| | - Erik Scheme
- University of New Brunswick Institute of Biomedical Engineering, 25 Dineen Drive, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, CANADA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ha EK, Kim JH, Park D, Lee E, Lee SW, Jee HM, Shin YH, Han MY. Personal Exposure to Total VOC Is Associated With Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis in Schoolchildren. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e63. [PMID: 35226421 PMCID: PMC8885456 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urinary levels of volatile organic compound (VOC) metabolites provide individual exposure levels compared to data obtained by measuring these compounds in ambient air. We aimed to investigate the association between personal urinary concentrations of VOC metabolites and symptoms of atopic dermatitis in schoolchildren. METHODS Nine urinary VOC metabolites were analyzed from urine samples of 149 children. Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis was determined using standardized questionnaires. Pediatricians visited the schools and rated the severity of symptoms using the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) in all children. RESULTS Forty-five children (30.2%) had atopic dermatitis based on the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) results and 35 children (23.8%) had symptoms of atopic dermatitis with positive SCORAD index values (defined as SCORAD ≥ 5). Children with benzylmercapturic acid detected in personal urines were associated with presence of atopic dermatitis and positive SCORAD index values. Children in the highest quartile of mandelic acid concentration were associated with presence of atopic dermatitis and positive SCORAD results. CONCLUSION Personal exposure to VOCs, as indicated by urinary levels of VOC metabolites, was associated with presence of atopic dermatitis and the SCORAD index value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyo Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dawon Park
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Data Science, Sejong University College of Software Convergence, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Jee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Youn Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Yong Han
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin YC, Liang FY, Fu CK, Chang KL. Removal of Isopropanol by synergistic non-thermal plasma and photocatalyst. J Hazard Mater 2022; 424:126874. [PMID: 34879538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) of non-thermal plasmas was combined with a self-made photocatalyst to remove isopropanol (IPA). Synthesis conditions for the novel photocatalyst, including calcination temperature and copper loading, were varied before photocatalysis to obtain at the optimal reaction efficiency. The effects of initial IPA concentration, oxygen content, and catalyst dosage were also observed. Finally, catalyst reusability was analyzed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy fitting revealed Ti, Cu, C, and O peaks in the synthesized catalyst. After a 60-min reaction with 100% oxygen as the carrying gas, nearly 100% of the IPA was converted. Overall, the optimal IPA conversion efficiency and acetone and carbon dioxide selectivity were achieved when the photocatalyst was synthesized at a calcination temperature of 550 °C and copper loading of 1.8%, along with a 100% oxygen carrying gas and a 3-mm discharge gap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Liang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kuei Fu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Lin Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kalalian C, Depoorter A, Abis L, Perrier S, George C. Indoor heterogeneous photochemistry of molds and their contribution to HONO formation. Indoor Air 2022; 32:e12971. [PMID: 34866244 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the impact of molds on indoor air quality, we studied the photochemistry of microbial films made by Aspergillus niger species, a common indoor mold. Specifically, we investigated their implication in the conversion of adsorbed nitrate anions into gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx ), as well as the related VOC emissions under different indoor conditions, using a high-resolution proton transfer reaction-time of flight-mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) and a long path absorption photometer (LOPAP). The different mold preparations were characterized by the means of direct injection into an Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometer with a heated electrospray ionization (ESI-Orbitrap-MS). The formation of a wide range of VOCs, having emission profiles sensitive to the types of films (either doped by potassium nitrate or not), cultivation time, UV-light irradiation, potassium nitrate concentration and relative humidity was observed. The formation of nitrous acid from these films was also determined and found to be dependent on light and relative humidity. Finally, the reaction paths for the NOx and HONO production are proposed. This work helps to better understand the implication of microbial surfaces as a new indoor source for HONO emission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Kalalian
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Univ. Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Antoine Depoorter
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Univ. Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Letizia Abis
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Univ. Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Univ. Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian George
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON, Univ. Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Scarano A, de Oliveira PS, Leo L, Festa F, Carinci F, Lorusso F. Evaluation of a new antibacterial coating of the internal chamber of an implant via real time measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2021; 13:216-225. [PMID: 34937309 DOI: 10.52586/e879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of an antibacterial coating of implant-abutment prosthetic junctions by real time measurement of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). A total of 20 patients and 40 internal prosthetic junction implants were evaluated in the present investigation: 20 fixtures with antibacterial internal coating (Test) and 20 without treatment (Control). The VOCs measurements were evaluated at the baseline (T0) after the cover unit unscrewing, after 7 days (T1) and at 14 days (T2). No significant difference were detected at T0 (baseline), as Test and Control groups showed a VOCs max peak mean respectively of 2.15 ± 0.71 and 2.21 ± 0.69 (p > 0.05). At T1 and T2 as significant difference between the Test and Control Groups was detected (p < 0.01). At T2 the Test max peak was 2.29 ± 0.73 and the Control was 3.65 ± 0.91 (p < 0.01). The antibacterial internal coating demonstrated the capacity to prevent microbial VOCS activity at the level of the implant internal chamber and could be useful for long-term peri-implant tissue health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.,Department of Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, College Ingà, UNINGÁ, 29312 Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Santos de Oliveira
- Department of Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, College Ingà, UNINGÁ, 29312 Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Leo
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Felice Festa
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Carinci
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramírez R, López-Mendoza CM, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Metha G, Zúñiga-Martínez L, Ornelas-Rebolledo O, Alcántara-Quintana LE. Identification of volatile organic compounds in the urine of patients with cervical cancer. Test concept for timely screening. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 522:132-140. [PMID: 34418363 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to identify a global chemical pattern of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine capable of discriminating between women with cervical cancer (CC) and control women using an electronic nose and to elucidate potential biomarkers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A cross-sectional study was performed, with 12 control women, 5 women with CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia) and 12 women with CC. Global VOCs in urine were assessed using an electronic nose and specific by GC-MS. Multivariate analysis was performed: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Principal Coordinate Analysis (CAP) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and the test's diagnostic power was evaluated through ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves. Results from the PCA between the control group compared to the CC present variability of 98.4% (PC1 = 93.9%, PC2 = 2.3% and PC3 = 2.1%). CAP model shows a separation between the overall VOCs profile of the control and CC group with a correct classification of 94.7%. PLS-DA indicated that 8 sensors have a higher contribution in the CC group. The sensitivity, specificity, value reached 91.6% (61.5%-99.7%) and 100% (73.5%-100%) respectively, according to the ROC curve. GC-MS analysis indicated that 33 compounds occur only in the CC group and some of them have been found in other types of cancer. In all, this study provides the basis for the development of an accessible, non-invasive, sensitive and specific screening platform for cervical cancer through the application of electronic nose and chemometric analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
| | - Carlos Miguel López-Mendoza
- Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a sección, 78120 San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Garima Metha
- CEO of Altus Lifescience, San José, CA, United States
| | - Lourdes Zúñiga-Martínez
- Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a sección, 78120 San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Omar Ornelas-Rebolledo
- Labinnova Center of Research in Breath for early diseases detection, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana
- Unidad de Innovación en Diagnóstico Celular y Molecular. Coordinación para la Innovación y la Aplicación de la Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2a sección, 78120 San Luis Potosí, México.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yost RT, Liang E, Stewart MP, Chui S, Greco AF, Long SQ, McDonald IS, McDowell T, McNeil JN, Simon AF. Drosophila melanogaster Stress Odorant (dSO) Displays the Characteristics of an Interspecific Alarm Cue. J Chem Ecol 2021. [PMID: 34402994 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Organisms depend on visual, auditory, and olfactory cues to signal the presence of danger that could impact survival and reproduction. Drosophila melanogaster emits an olfactory alarm signal, termed the Drosophila stress odorant (dSO), in response to mechanical agitation or electric shock. While it has been shown that conspecifics avoid areas previously occupied by stressed individuals, the contextual underpinnings of the emission of, and response to dSO, have received little attention. Using a binary choice assay, we determined that neither age and sex of emitters, nor the time of the day, affected the emission or avoidance of dSO. However, both sex and mating status affected the response to dSO. We also demonstrated that while D. melanogaster, D. simulans, and D. suzukii, have different dSO profiles, its avoidance was not species-specific. Thus, dSO should not be considered a pheromone but a general alarm signal for Drosophila. However, the response levels to both intra- and inter-specific cues differed between Drosophila species and possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
Collapse
|
19
|
Williams AD, Ha S, Shenassa E, Messer LC, Kanner J, Mendola P. Joint effects of ethnic enclave residence and ambient volatile organic compounds exposure on risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among Asian/Pacific Islander women in the United States. Environ Health 2021; 20:56. [PMID: 33964949 PMCID: PMC8106843 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian/Pacific Islander (API) communities in the United States often reside in metropolitan areas with distinct social and environmental attributes. Residence in an ethnic enclave, a socially distinct area, is associated with lower gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk, yet exposure to high levels of air pollution, including volatile organic compounds (VOCS), is associated with increased GDM risk. We examined the joint effects of ethnic enclaves and VOCs to better understand GDM risk among API women, the group with the highest prevalence of GDM. METHODS We examined 9069 API births in the Consortium on Safe Labor (19 hospitals, 2002-2008). API ethnic enclaves were defined as areas ≥66th percentile for percent API residents, dissimilarity (geographic dispersal of API and White residents), and isolation (degree that API individuals interact with another API individual). High levels of 14 volatile organic compounds (VOC) were defined as ≥75th percentile. Four joint categories were created for each VOC: Low VOC/Enclave (reference group), Low VOC/No Enclave, High VOC/Enclave, High VOC/No Enclave. GDM was reported in medical records. Hierarchical logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) between joint exposures and GDM, adjusted for maternal factors and area-level poverty. Risk was estimated for 3-months preconception and first trimester exposures. RESULTS Enclave residence was associated with lower GDM risk regardless of VOC exposure. Preconception benzene exposure was associated with increased risk when women resided outside enclaves [High VOC/No Enclave (OR:3.45, 95%CI:1.77,6.72)], and the effect was somewhat mitigated within enclaves, [High VOC/Enclave (OR:2.07, 95%:1.09,3.94)]. Risks were similar for 12 of 14 VOCs during preconception and 10 of 14 during the first trimester. CONCLUSIONS API residence in non-enclave areas is associated with higher GDM risk, regardless of VOC level. Ethnic enclave residence may mitigate effects of VOC exposure, perhaps due to lower stress levels. The potential benefit of ethnic enclaves warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Williams
- Public Health program, Department of Population Health, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Room E162, 1301 North Columbia Road Stop 9037, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037 USA
| | - Sandie Ha
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, Health Science Research Institute, University of California, 5200 N. Lake Road, Merced, CA USA
| | - Edmond Shenassa
- Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, University of Maryland College Park, 4200 Valley Drive, College Park, MD USA
| | - Lynne C. Messer
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, 506 SW Mill Street 470H, Portland, OR USA
| | - Jenna Kanner
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC, Bethesda, MD 7004 USA
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC, Bethesda, MD 7004 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Moreira IP, Sato L, Alves C, Palma S, Roque AC. Fish Gelatin-based Films for Gas Sensing. Biomed Eng Syst Technol Int Jt Conf BIOSTEC Revis Sel Pap 2021; 2021:32-39. [PMID: 38264766 PMCID: PMC7615558 DOI: 10.5220/0010206200320039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Electronic noses (e-noses) mimic the complex biological olfactory system, usually including an array of gas sensors to act as the olfactory receptors and a trained computer with signal-processing and pattern recognition tools as the brain. In this work, a new stimuli-responsive material is shown, consisting of self-assembled droplets of liquid crystal and ionic liquid stabilised within a fish gelatin matrix. These materials change their opto/electrical properties upon contact with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). By using an in-house developed e-nose, these new gas-sensing films yield characteristic optical signals for VOCs from different chemical classes. A support vector machine classifier was implemented based on 12 features of the signals. The results show that the films are excellent identifying hydrocarbon VOCs (toluene, heptane and hexane) (95% accuracy) but lower performance was found to other VOCs, resulting in an overall 60.4% accuracy. Even though they are not reusable, these sustainable gas-sensing films are stable throughout time and reproducible, opening several opportunities for future optoelectronic devices and artificial olfaction systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pimentel Moreira
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Laura Sato
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Alves
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana Palma
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Cecília Roque
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Haddad G, Schouwenburg S, Altesha A, Xu W, Liu G. Using breath analysis as a screening tool to detect gastric cancer: A systematic review. J Breath Res 2020; 15. [PMID: 33105106 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/abc4d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breath analysis has emerged as an experimental method of non-invasive screening of gastric cancer and identification of individuals suitable for confirmatory, diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of breath analysis for gastric cancer detection in adults. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, CENTRAL, and Compendex up to 27 September 2020 for original studies analysing exhaled breath to detect gastric cancer in patients. Summary sensitivity and specificity analyses were obtained using a hierarchical bivariate method. Non-quantitative results were descriptively summarized. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. This study protocol was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020139422). RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included. Within these, breath analysis technologies most commonly used were mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods; other methods included volatile organic compound sensors and silicon nanowire field effect transistors. Fourteen studies (total n=3028) involving all technologies reported quantitative results, with sensitivities ranging from 67-100% and specificities from 71-98%. The summary sensitivity across six studies utilizing MS-based breath analysis methods was 82.4% (95% CI: 78-86%); summary specificity was 91.3% (95% CI: 83-96%). Based on these values, we estimated that screening with MS-based breath tests could lower the number needed to screen (NNS) by more than eight-fold in the 15 countries with the highest prevalence of gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Breath analysis is a promising method for gastric cancer detection with good diagnostic performance and potential to decrease the NNS for endoscopy-based gastric cancer detection. However, due to the heterogeneity of breath analysis technologies, rigorous studies with standardized, reproducible methods are needed to evaluate the clinical applicability of these technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Haddad
- University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, M5S 1A8, CANADA
| | | | - Ashraf Altesha
- University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, CANADA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Hospital Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Janssens E, van Meerbeeck JP, Lamote K. Volatile organic compounds in human matrices as lung cancer biomarkers: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 153:103037. [PMID: 32771940 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have shown potential as non-invasive breath biomarkers for lung cancer, but their unclear biological origin currently limits clinical applications. This systematic review explores headspace analysis of VOCs in patient-derived body fluids and lung cancer cell lines to pinpoint lung cancer-specific VOCs and uncover their biological origin. A search was performed in the databases MEDLINE and Web of Science. Twenty-two articles were included in this systematic review. Since there is no standardised approach to analyse VOCs, a plethora of techniques and matrices/cell lines were explored, which is reflected in the various VOCs identified. However, comparing VOCs in the headspace of urine, blood and pleural effusions from patients and lung cancer cell lines showed some overlapping VOCs, indicating their potential use in lung cancer diagnosis. This review demonstrates that VOCs are promising biomarkers for lung cancer. However, due to lack of inter-matrix consensus, standardised prospective trials will have to be conducted to validate clinically relevant biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Janssens
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jan P van Meerbeeck
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Kevin Lamote
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lee J, Oh S, Kang H, Kim S, Lee G, Li L, Kim CT, An JN, Oh YK, Lim CS, Kim DK, Kim YS, Choi K, Lee JP. Environment-Wide Association Study of CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:766-775. [PMID: 32628126 PMCID: PMC7274289 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.06780619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Exposure to environmental chemicals has been recognized as one of the possible contributors to CKD. We aimed to identify environmental chemicals that are associated with CKD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS We analyzed the data obtained from a total of 46,748 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016). Associations of chemicals measured in urine or blood (n=262) with albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g), reduced eGFR (<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2), and a composite of albuminuria or reduced eGFR were tested and validated using the environment-wide association study approach. RESULTS Among 262 environmental chemicals, seven (3%) chemicals showed significant associations with increased risk of albuminuria, reduced eGFR, or the composite outcome. These chemicals included metals and other chemicals that have not previously been associated with CKD. Serum and urine cotinines, blood 2,5-dimethylfuran (a volatile organic compound), and blood cadmium were associated with albuminuria. Blood lead and cadmium were associated with reduced eGFR. Blood cadmium and lead and three volatile compounds (blood 2,5-dimethylfuran, blood furan, and urinary phenylglyoxylic acid) were associated with the composite outcome. A total of 23 chemicals, including serum perfluorooctanoic acid, seven urinary metals, three urinary arsenics, urinary nitrate and thiocyanate, three urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and seven volatile organic compounds, were associated with lower risks of one or more manifestations of CKD. CONCLUSIONS A number of chemicals were identified as potential risk factors for CKD among the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gowoon Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lilin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Clara Tammy Kim
- Institute of Life and Death Studies, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nam An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rodríguez-Esquivel M, Mendoza-Rodríguez MG, Hernández-Quijano T, Apresa-García T, López-Romero R, Hernández-Santiago R, Salcedo M. Sensorial innovation for non-invasive breast cancer detection. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2020; 58:S104-S115. [PMID: 34695322 DOI: 10.24875/rmimss.m20000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer represents a great challenge due to the context of gender, social and cultural aspects, as well as of the possibility of making accessible early detection methods. Currently, detection mostly relies on image tests (invasive procedures). However, due to new and numerous cases detected in young women, and detected in such advanced stages that only palliative care may be offered, there is opportunity to develop new, innovative and promising detection tests. In order to find solutions to the organizational process of tumor cells, and adapt them for early detection, biomimesis eases the development of new non-invasive approaches and innovative designs. Nowadays, the volatile organic compounds detection (also called volatolome) emitted by tumoral cells can be detected with the use of biological and/or artificial intelligent noses. This approach may represent a real opportunity for the early detection of cancer and several pathologies. There is no doubt that novel test for early detection of different diseases will be soon reality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Rodríguez-Esquivel
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica. Ciudad de México
| | - Mónica Graciela Mendoza-Rodríguez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina. Tlalnepantla, Estado de México
| | - Tomás Hernández-Quijano
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada en Guerrero, Jefatura de Prestaciones Médicas. Chilpancingo, Guerrero. México
| | - Teresa Apresa-García
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica. Ciudad de México
| | - Ricardo López-Romero
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica. Ciudad de México
| | - Reynaldo Hernández-Santiago
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica. Ciudad de México
| | - Mauricio Salcedo
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica. Ciudad de México
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kumar A, Singh E, Khapre A, Bordoloi N, Kumar S. Sorption of volatile organic compounds on non-activated biochar. Bioresour Technol 2020; 297:122469. [PMID: 31787517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work dealt with the determination of the suitability of sorption of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) on biochars prepared from neem, sugarcane and bamboo feedstocks. Six different VOCs namely benzene, toluene, methyl chloride, xylene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were used in a laboratory-scale set-up on non-activated biochars prepared via slow pyrolysis (350-550 °C). Although all the chars showed considerable sorption but amongst them N3 (neem-based biochar) showed the maximum removal efficiency (65.5 mg g-1 for toluene). Variation in pyrolysis temperature and feedstock type showed significant change in the porosity and specific surface area of the biochar, which is favorable for VOC sorption efficiency. With higher surface area and contact time, the sorption capacity of char enhanced. However, the extent of sorption capacity of biochars differed with changing VOC type. Pseudo-Second-Order model fitted well with the results obtained from VOC sorption kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aman Kumar
- Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 835 205, India; CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe, Ranchi 835 205, India; CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Abhishek Khapre
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India; The Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | | | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur 440 020, India; The Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo M, Yu W, Zhang S, Wang H, Wei S. A numerical model predicting indoor volatile organic compound Volatile Organic Compounds emissions from multiple building materials. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:587-596. [PMID: 31808084 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There have been many studies on the model of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from individual dry building material and have been validated in the chamber. Actually, VOC emitted from multiple dry building materials simultaneously indoor. The concentration of VOC indoor increases and will inhibit the VOC emission of dry building materials indoor. This paper developed a new model predicting indoor VOC concentrations caused by simultaneous emissions from multiple dry building materials, with a consideration of impact from dynamic VOC concentrations on the emission rate. The model has been used to predict the VOC emissions from a combination of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) and consolidated compound floor (CCF) simultaneously. The study demonstrated a good prediction performance of the newly proposed model, against field experimental data. The study also showed that when multiple dry building materials emit pollutants in a common space, a mutual inhibition effect could be observed. Furthermore, when multiple dry building materials emit VOC simultaneously, the change of VOC concentrations in the air followed the trends of VOC emissions from building materials with higher initial concentration (C0), diffusion coefficient (Dm), and the partition coefficient (Kma).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Guo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University Campus B, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- Shenzhen Municipal Design & Research Institute Co.,Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Han Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings (Ministry of Science and Technology), Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Shen Wei
- The Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management, University College London, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Miolo G, Basile D, Carretta A, Santeufemia DA, Steffan A, Corona G. The metabolomic scent of cancer disease progression in soft tissue sarcoma: A case report. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:205-209. [PMID: 30852948 DOI: 10.1177/1724600818817316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this case report is to describe the potential that metabolomics breath analysis may have in cancer disease monitoring. The advances in mass spectrometry instrumentation allow the accurate real-time analysis of volatile metabolites exhaled in the breath. The application of such non-invasive devices may provide innovative and complementary monitoring of the physio-pathological conditions of cancer patients. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old Caucasian woman with spindle cell malignant mesenchymal sarcoma of the presacral region started a first-line therapy with non-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and ifosfamide associated with pelvic radiant treatment. After two cycles of chemotherapy plus radiotherapy, a significant pulmonary disease progression was reported. Thus, a second-line therapy with trabectedin was administered. However, after only two cycles of treatment a re-staging computed tomography scan reported further cancer disease progression of the target pulmonary lesions as well as occurrence of new satellite bilateral nodules. Real-time analysis of breath exhaled volatile organic compounds, performed by select ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) during the follow-up of the patient, showed a specific metabolic pattern not observed in the breath of other soft tissue sarcoma patients who achieved clinical benefit from the treatments. CONCLUSIONS This case report revealed the importance of the non-invasive real-time volatile organic compounds breath analysis to distinguish individual specific chemo-resistance phenotypes among soft tissue sarcoma patients. Such observation seems to suggest that breath metabolomics may be particularly useful for monitoring cancer disease progression in soft tissue sarcoma patients where only cost-effective diagnostic tools, such as positron emission tomography and computed tomography, are available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianmaria Miolo
- 1 Medical and Preventive Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Debora Basile
- 1 Medical and Preventive Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.,2 School of Medical Oncology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Agostino Steffan
- 5 Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corona
- 5 Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Borghi M, Xie DY. Cloning and characterization of a monoterpene synthase gene from flowers of Camelina sativa. Planta 2018; 247:443-457. [PMID: 29075872 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
CsTPS1 encodes for a monoterpene synthase that contributes to the emission of a blend of volatile compounds emitted from flowers of Camelina sativa. The work describes the in vitro characterization of a monoterpene synthase and its regulatory region that we cloned from Camelina sativa (Camelina). Here, we named this gene as C. sativa terpene synthase 1 (CsTPS1). In vitro experiments performed with the CsTPS1 protein after expression and purification from Escherichia coli (E. coli) showed production of a blend of monoterpene volatile organic compounds, of which the emission was also detected in the floral bouquet of wild-type Camelina plants. Quantitative-PCR measurements revealed a high abundance of CsTPS1 transcripts in flowers and experiments performed with the GUS reporter showed high CsTPS1 expression in the pistil, in the cells of the wall of the ovary and in the stigma. Subcellular localization of the CsTPS1 protein was investigated with a GFP reporter construct that showed expression in plastids. The CsTPS1 gene identified in this study belongs to a mid-size family of 60 genes putatively codifying for TPS enzymes. This enlarged family of TPS genes suggests that Camelina has the structural framework for the production of terpenes and other secondary metabolites of relevance for the consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Borghi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - De-Yu Xie
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pádua AC, Palma S, Gruber J, Gamboa H, Roque AC. Design and Evolution of an Opto-electronic Device for VOCs Detection. Biomed Eng Syst Technol Int Jt Conf BIOSTEC Revis Sel Pap 2018; 1:48-55. [PMID: 30079403 DOI: 10.5220/0006558100480055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electronic noses (E-noses) are devices capable of detecting and identifying Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in a simple and fast method. In this work, we present the development process of an opto-electronic device based on sensing films that have unique stimuli-responsive properties, altering their optical and electrical properties, when interacting with VOCs. This interaction results in optical and electrical signals that can be collected, and further processed and analysed. Two versions of the device were designed and assembled. E-nose V1 is an optical device, and E-nose V2 is a hybrid opto-electronic device. Both E-noses architectures include a delivery system, a detection chamber, and a transduction system. After the validation of the E-nose V1 prototype, the E-nose V2 was implemented, resulting in an easy-to-handle, miniaturized and stable device. Results from E-nose V2 indicated optical signals reproducibility, and the possibility of coupling the electrical signals to the optical response for VOCs sensing.
Collapse
|
30
|
Thoma ED, Deshmukh P, Logan R, Stovern M, Dresser C, Brantley HL. Assessment of Uinta Basin Oil and Natural Gas Well Pad Pneumatic Controller Emissions. J Environ Prot (Irvine, Calif) 2017. [PMID: 30319880 DOI: 10.4236/jep.2017.84029.10.4236/jep.2017.812088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the fall of 2016, a field study was conducted in the Uinta Basin Utah to improve information on oil and natural gas well pad pneumatic controllers (PCs). A total of 80 PC systems at five oil sites (supporting six wells) and three gas sites (supporting 12 wells) were surveyed, and emissions data were produced using a combination of measurements and engineering emission estimates. Ninety-six percent of the PCs surveyed were low actuation frequency intermittent vent type. The overall whole gas emission rate for the study was estimated at 0.36 scf/h with the majority of emissions occurring from three continuous vent PCs (1.0 scf/h average) and eleven (14%) malfunctioning intermittent vent PC systems (1.6 scf/h average). Oil sites employed, on average 10.3 PC systems per well compared to 1.5 for gas sites. Oil and gas sites had group average PC emission rates of 0.28 scf/h and 0.67 scf/h, respectively, with this difference due in part to site selection procedures. The PC system types encountered, the engineering emissions estimate approach, and comparisons to measurements are described. Survey methods included identification of malfunctioning PC systems and emission measurements with augmented high volume sampling and installed mass flow meters, each providing a somewhat different picture of emissions that are elucidated through example cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eben D Thoma
- Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Halley L Brantley
- ORISE Participant, U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Thoma ED, Deshmukh P, Logan R, Stovern M, Dresser C, Brantley HL. Assessment of Uinta Basin Oil and Natural Gas Well Pad Pneumatic Controller Emissions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 8:394-415. [PMID: 30319880 PMCID: PMC6178829 DOI: 10.4236/jep.2017.84029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the fall of 2016, a field study was conducted in the Uinta Basin Utah to improve information on oil and natural gas well pad pneumatic controllers (PCs). A total of 80 PC systems at five oil sites (supporting six wells) and three gas sites (supporting 12 wells) were surveyed, and emissions data were produced using a combination of measurements and engineering emission estimates. Ninety-six percent of the PCs surveyed were low actuation frequency intermittent vent type. The overall whole gas emission rate for the study was estimated at 0.36 scf/h with the majority of emissions occurring from three continuous vent PCs (1.0 scf/h average) and eleven (14%) malfunctioning intermittent vent PC systems (1.6 scf/h average). Oil sites employed, on average 10.3 PC systems per well compared to 1.5 for gas sites. Oil and gas sites had group average PC emission rates of 0.28 scf/h and 0.67 scf/h, respectively, with this difference due in part to site selection procedures. The PC system types encountered, the engineering emissions estimate approach, and comparisons to measurements are described. Survey methods included identification of malfunctioning PC systems and emission measurements with augmented high volume sampling and installed mass flow meters, each providing a somewhat different picture of emissions that are elucidated through example cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eben D Thoma
- Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Halley L Brantley
- ORISE Participant, U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Durham, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Huddy JR, Weldon SM, Ralhan S, Painter T, Hanna GB, Kneebone R, Bello F. Sequential simulation (SqS) of clinical pathways: a tool for public and patient engagement in point-of-care diagnostics. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011043. [PMID: 27625053 PMCID: PMC5030544 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Public and patient engagement (PPE) is fundamental to healthcare research. To facilitate effective engagement in novel point-of-care tests (POCTs), the test and downstream consequences of the result need to be considered. Sequential simulation (SqS) is a tool to represent patient journeys and the effects of intervention at each and subsequent stages. This case study presents a process evaluation of SqS as a tool for PPE in the development of a volatile organic compound-based breath test POCT for the diagnosis of oesophagogastric (OG) cancer. SETTING Three 3-hour workshops in central London. PARTICIPANTS 38 members of public attended a workshop, 26 (68%) had no prior experience of the OG cancer diagnostic pathway. INTERVENTIONS Clinical pathway SqS was developed from a storyboard of a patient, played by an actor, noticing symptoms of oesophageal cancer and following a typical diagnostic pathway. The proposed breath testing strategy was then introduced and incorporated into a second SqS to demonstrate pathway impact. Facilitated group discussions followed each SqS. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Evaluation was conducted through pre-event and postevent questionnaires, field notes and analysis of audiovisual recordings. RESULTS 38 participants attended a workshop. All participants agreed they were able to contribute to discussions and like the idea of an OG cancer breath test. Five themes emerged related to the proposed new breath test including awareness of OG cancer, barriers to testing and diagnosis, design of new test device, new clinical pathway and placement of test device. 3 themes emerged related to the use of SqS: participatory engagement, simulation and empathetic engagement, and why participants attended. CONCLUSIONS SqS facilitated a shared immersive experience for participants and researchers that led to the coconstruction of knowledge that will guide future research activities and be of value to stakeholders concerned with the invention and adoption of POCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Huddy
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Shvaita Ralhan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Tim Painter
- Patient Representative, London Cancer Alliance, London, UK
| | - George B Hanna
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Roger Kneebone
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Fernando Bello
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kumari P, Lee J, Choi HL. Characterization of Odorant Compounds from Mechanical Aerated Pile Composting and Static Aerated Pile Composting. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2016; 29:594-8. [PMID: 26949962 PMCID: PMC4782096 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied airborne contaminants (airborne particulates and odorous compounds) emitted from compost facilities in South Korea. There are primarily two different types of composting systems operating in Korean farms, namely mechanical aerated pile composting (MAPC) and aerated static pile composting (SAPC). In this study, we analyzed various particulate matters (PM10, PM7, PM2.5, PM1, and total suspended particles), volatile organic compounds and ammonia, and correlated these airborne contaminants with microclimatic parameters, i.e., temperature and relative humidity. Most of the analyzed airborne particulates (PM7, PM2.5, and PM1) were detected in high concentration at SAPC facilities compered to MAPC; however these differences were statistically non-significant. Similarly, most of the odorants did not vary significantly between MAPC and SAPC facilities, except for dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and skatole. DMS concentrations were significantly higher in MAPC facilities, whereas skatole concentrations were significantly higher in SAPC facilities. The microclimate variables also did not vary significantly between MAPC and SAPC facilities, and did not correlate significantly with most of the airborne particles and odorous compounds, suggesting that microclimate variables did not influence their emission from compost facilities. These findings provide insight into the airborne contaminants that are emitted from compost facilities and the two different types of composting agitation systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Joonhee Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Hong-Lim Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea ; Resourcification Research Center for Crop-Animal Farming (ReCAF), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Daniel DAP, Thangavel K. Breathomics for Gastric Cancer Classification Using Back-propagation Neural Network. J Med Signals Sens 2016; 6:172-82. [PMID: 27563574 PMCID: PMC4973461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Breathomics is the metabolomics study of exhaled air. It is a powerful emerging metabolomics research field that mainly focuses on health-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Since the quantity of these compounds varies with health status, breathomics assures to deliver noninvasive diagnostic tools. Thus, the main aim of breathomics is to discover patterns of VOCs related to abnormal metabolic processes occurring in the human body. Classification systems, however, are not designed for cost-sensitive classification domains. Therefore, they do not work on the gastric carcinoma (GC) domain where the benefit of correct classification of early stages is more than that of later stages, and also the cost of wrong classification is different for all pairs of predicted and actual classes. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the basic principles for the breathomics to classify the GC, for that the determination of VOCs such as acetone, carbon disulfide, 2-propanol, ethyl alcohol, and ethyl acetate in exhaled air and stomach tissue emission for the detection of GC has been analyzed. The breath of 49 GC and 30 gastric ulcer patients were collected for the study to distinguish the normal, suspected, and positive cases using back-propagation neural network (BPN) and produced the accuracy of 93%, sensitivity of 94.38%, and specificity of 89.93%. This study carries out the comparative study of the result obtained by the single- and multi-layer cascade-forward and feed-forward BPN with different activation functions. From this study, the multilayer cascade-forward outperforms the classification of GC from normal and benign cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Arul Pon Daniel
- Department of Computer Science, Loyola College, Mettala, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Prof. D. Arul Pon Daniel, Department of Computer Science, Loyola College, Mettala, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - K. Thangavel
- Department of Computer Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
de Boer NKH, de Meij TGJ, Oort FA, Ben Larbi I, Mulder CJJ, van Bodegraven AA, van der Schee MP. The scent of colorectal cancer: detection by volatile organic compound analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 12:1085-9. [PMID: 24823289 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The overall metabolic state of an individual is reflected by emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are gaseous carbon-based chemicals. In this review, we will describe the potential of VOCs as fully noninvasive markers for the detection of neoplastic lesions of the colon. VOCs are detected by our sensory olfactory nerves and form the molecular basis for our sense of smell. As such, we emit our own individual odor fingerprint or so-called smellprint. This may change over time in response to any alteration in metabolism such as modifications caused by gastrointestinal infection, inflammation, external factors such as medication and diet, or development of neoplastic disease such as colorectal cancer. This means that analysis of VOCs can provide a fully noninvasive metabolomics biomarker profile that could be used as a diagnostic tool. Thus far, canine scent detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and electronic nose technologies allow for discrimination between patients with and without colorectal cancer and also its precursor (advanced adenoma) with promising accuracy. The challenge for future research is to identify specific biomarkers driving these signals. This enables the development of primed sensors tailored toward accurate identification of volatiles specific to colorectal cancer and adenomas. Such a technique may allow noninvasive monitoring of response to therapy and could revolutionize screening practices for colorectal cancer and potentially many other gastrointestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanne K H de Boer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tim G J de Meij
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A Oort
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilhame Ben Larbi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J J Mulder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan A van Bodegraven
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc P van der Schee
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Samarghandi MR, Babaee SA, Ahmadian M, Asgari G, Ghorbani Shahna F, Poormohammadi A. Performance catalytic ozonation over the carbosieve in the removal of toluene from waste air stream. J Res Health Sci 2014; 14:227-232. [PMID: 25209912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toluene is a volatile organic compound, one of 189 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and the most important pollutant found in most industries and indoor environments; owing to its adverse health, toluene must be treated before being released into the environment. METHODS In this research study, a continuous-flow system (including an air compressor, silica gel filters and activated charcoal, impinger, an ozone generation and a fixed bed reactor packed with the carbosieve in size 1.8-2.3 mm, specific surface: 972 m2/g,) was used. This glass reactor was 0.7 m in height; at a distance of 0.2 m from its bottom, a mesh plane was installed so as to hold the adsorbent. Moreover, 3 l/min oxygen passed through this system, 0.43 g/h ozone was prepared. The flow rate of waste airstream was 300 ml/min. The efficiency of this system for removal of toluene was compared under the same experimental conditions. RESULTS Under similar conditions, performance of catalytic ozonation was better in toluene removal than that of ozonation and carbosieve alone. On average, increasing the removal efficiency was 45% at all concentrations. When carbosieve and ozone come together, their synergistic effects increased on toluene degradation. CONCLUSIONS Catalytic ozonation is a suitable, high-efficient and available method for removing toluene from various concentrations of waste air stream. This process due to the short contact time, low energy consuming and making use of cheap catalysts can be used as a novel process for removing various concentrations of volatile organic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Samarghandi
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Babaee
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadian
- School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghorban Asgari
- Research Center for Health Sciences and Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Farshid Ghorbani Shahna
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Poormohammadi
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Michael S, Montag M, Dott W. Pro-inflammatory effects and oxidative stress in lung macrophages and epithelial cells induced by ambient particulate matter. Environ Pollut 2013; 183:19-29. [PMID: 23462618 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the toxicological effects of different source-related ambient PM10 samples in regard to their chemical composition. In this context we investigated airborne PM from different sites in Aachen, Germany. For the toxicological investigation human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and murine macrophages (RAW264.7) were exposed from 0 to 96 h to increasing PM concentrations (0-100 μg/ml) followed by analyses of cell viability, pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The chemical analysis of these particles indicated the presence of 21 elements, water-soluble ions and PAHs. The toxicological investigations of the PM10 samples demonstrated a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability and an increase in pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Michael
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Human Technology Centre, RWTH Aachen University, Theaterplatz 14, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dominguez-Ortega L, Díaz-Gállego E, Pozo F, Cabrera García-Armenter S, Serrano Comino M, Dominguez-Sanchez E. Narcolepsy and odor: preliminary report. Semergen 2013; 39:e41-6, 348-53. [PMID: 23835278 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study has been carried out to test the clinical hypothesis of personal smell as a hint to the diagnosis of narcoleptic patients. METHODS Sweat samples from narcoleptic and healthy controls were tested independently by two trained dogs and their positive or negative detection compared to the gold standard diagnosis for narcolepsy. Neither trainer nor dog knew the source of the sample selected or its placement in the search device. Twelve narcoleptic patients, both sexes and various ages, recruited from April 2011 to June 2012 and diagnosed according to standard criteria, through their clinical records and nocturnal polysomnography plus multiple sleep latency test, made up the patient group. The control group was made up of 22 healthy volunteer without sleep disorders, both sexes and various ages. Sweat samples from both patients and controls were collected following the same protocol to avoid contamination, and tested independently by two trained dogs. RESULTS Eleven narcoleptic were detected positive by the dogs while only three controls. CONCLUSION It seems that narcoleptic patients have a distinct typical odor that trained dogs can detect. The development of olfactory test could be a useful method in the screening of narcolepsy while opens a new research area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dominguez-Ortega
- Unidad de Medicina de Familia y Unidad de Sueño Clínica Ruber, Instituto para la investigación de los trastornos del sueño (IITS), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Paff T, van der Schee MP, Daniels JMA, Pals G, Postmus PE, Sterk PJ, Haarman EG. Exhaled molecular profiles in the assessment of cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. J Cyst Fibros 2013; 12:454-60. [PMID: 23361110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity are essential in cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). We aimed to establish exhaled molecular profiles as the first step in assessing the potential of breath analysis. METHODS Exhaled breath was analyzed by electronic nose in 25 children with CF, 25 with PCD and 23 controls. Principle component reduction and canonical discriminant analysis were used to construct internally cross-validated ROC curves. RESULTS CF and PCD patients had significantly different breath profiles when compared to healthy controls (CF: sensitivity 84%, specificity 65%; PCD: sensitivity 88%, specificity 52%) and from each other (sensitivity 84%, specificity 60%). Patients with and without exacerbations had significantly different breath profiles (CF: sensitivity 89%, specificity 56%; PCD: sensitivity 100%, specificity 90%). CONCLUSION Exhaled molecular profiles significantly differ between patients with CF, PCD and controls. The eNose may have potential in disease monitoring based on the influence of exacerbations on the VOC-profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Paff
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bracho-Nunez A, Knothe NM, Costa WR, Maria Astrid LR, Kleiss B, Rottenberger S, Piedade MTF, Kesselmeier J. Root anoxia effects on physiology and emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) under short- and long-term inundation of trees from Amazonian floodplains. Springerplus 2012; 1:9. [PMID: 23961340 PMCID: PMC3725850 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-1-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions are affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors such as light intensity, temperature, CO2 and drought. Another stress factor, usually overlooked but very important for the Amazon region, is flooding. We studied the exchange of VOCs in relation to CO2 exchange and transpiration of 8 common tree species from the Amazonian floodplain forest grown up from seeds using a dynamic enclosure system. Analysis of volatile organics was performed by PTR-MS fast online measurements. Our study confirmed emissions of ethanol and acetaldehyde at the beginning of root anoxia after inundation, especially in less anoxia adapted species such as Vatairea guianensis, but not for Hevea spruceana probably due to a better adapted metabolism. In contrast to short-term inundation, long-term flooding of the root system did not result in any emission of ethanol or/and acetaldehyde. Emission of other VOCs, such as isoprenoids, acetone, and methanol exhibited distinct behavior related to the origin (igapó or várzea type of floodplain) of the tree species. Also physiological activities exhibited different response patterns for trees from igapó or várzea. In general, isoprenoid emissions increased within the course of some days of short-term flooding. After a long period of waterlogging, VOC emissions decreased considerably, along with photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance. However, even under long-term testing conditions, two tree species did not show any significant decrease or increase in photosynthesis. In order to understand ecophysiological advantages of the different responses we need field investigations with adult tree species.
Collapse
|
41
|
Becuwe M, Landy D, Delattre F, Cazier F, Fourmentin S. Fluorescent Indolizine-b-Cyclodextrin Derivatives for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds. Sensors (Basel) 2008; 8:3689-705. [PMID: 27879902 DOI: 10.3390/s8063689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 05/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the synthesis, the structural determination and the sensing capabilities toward Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of a new class of fluorescent indolizine-cyclodextrin sensors. Two different pathways, both involving bipyridinium ylides and 6-amino-b-cyclodextrin, have been used to carry out the synthesis of these sensors. The macrocycle structures were dominantly established by 1H-NMR spectra and systematically studied by molecular modelling (MM3, AM1, AM1-COSMO methods). The sensing capabilities of the sensors were evaluated by emission of fluorescence, during the inclusion of the guest (adamantanol or aromatic derivatives) into the cyclodextrin (CD) host cavity. The host/guest complex formation was investigated by formation constant determinations, using experimental methods, coupled with theoretical calculations of formation energies using a specific docking procedure. Both experimental and theoretical results suggest that some compounds would make very attractive sensors for VOC detection. Some compounds could also be taken into consideration as biological markers.
Collapse
|