1
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Saha PC, Bera T, Chatterjee T, Samanta J, Sengupta A, Bhattacharyya M, Guha S. Supramolecular Dipeptide-Based Near-Infrared Fluorescent Nanotubes for Cellular Mitochondria Targeted Imaging and Early Apoptosis. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:833-841. [PMID: 33826302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have designed and synthesized unsymmetrical visible Cy-3 and near-infrared (NIR) Cy-5 chromophores anchoring mitochondria targeting functional group conjugated with a Phe-Phe dipeptide by a microwave-assisted Fmoc solid phase peptide synthesis method on Wang resin. These dipeptide-based Cy-3-TPP/FF as well as Cy-5-TPP/FF molecules self-assemble to form fluorescent nanotubes in solution, and it has been confirmed by TEM, SEM, and AFM. The Cy-3-TPP/FF and Cy-5-TPP/FF molecules in solution exhibit narrow excitation as well as emission bands in the visible and NIR region, respectively. These lipophilic cationic fluorescent peptide molecules spontaneously and selectively accumulate inside the mitochondria of human carcinoma cells that have been experimentally validated by live cell confocal laser scanning microscopy and display a high Pearson's correlation coefficient in a colocalization assay. Live cell multicolor confocal imaging using the NIR Cy-5-TPP/FF in combination with other organelle specific dye is also accomplished. Moreover, these lipophilic dipeptide-based cationic molecules reach the critical aggregation concentration inside the mitochondria because of the extremely negative inner mitochondrial membrane potential [(ΔΨm)cancer ≈ -220 mV] and form supramolecular nanotubes which are accountable for malignant mitochondria targeted early apoptosis. The early apoptosis is arrested using Cy-5-TPP/FF and confirmed by annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Chandra Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapas Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tanima Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Jayeeta Samanta
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Maitree Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Samit Guha
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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2
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Schill J, Rosier BJHM, Gumí Audenis B, Magdalena Estirado E, de Greef TFA, Brunsveld L. Assembly of Dynamic Supramolecular Polymers on a DNA Origami Platform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7612-7616. [PMID: 33444471 PMCID: PMC8048573 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biological processes rely on transient interactions that govern assembly of biomolecules into higher order, multi-component systems. A synthetic platform for the dynamic assembly of multicomponent complexes would provide novel entries to study and modulate the assembly of artificial systems into higher order topologies. Here, we establish a hybrid DNA origami-based approach as an assembly platform that enables dynamic templating of supramolecular architectures. It entails the site-selective recruitment of supramolecular polymers to the platform with preservation of the intrinsic dynamics and reversibility of the assembly process. The composition of the supramolecular assembly on the platform can be tuned dynamically, allowing for monomer rearrangement and inclusion of molecular cargo. This work should aid the study of supramolecular structures in their native environment in real-time and incites new strategies for controlled multicomponent self-assembly of synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Schill
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
| | - Bas J. H. M. Rosier
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
| | - Berta Gumí Audenis
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Self-Organising Soft Matter and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
| | - Tom F. A. de Greef
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
- Computational Biology groupDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and MaterialsFaculty of ScienceRadboud UniversityHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical BiologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyThe Netherlands
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3
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Schill J, Rosier BJHM, Gumí Audenis B, Magdalena Estirado E, Greef TFA, Brunsveld L. Assembly of Dynamic Supramolecular Polymers on a DNA Origami Platform. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen Schill
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
| | - Bas J. H. M. Rosier
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
| | - Berta Gumí Audenis
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Self-Organising Soft Matter and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
| | - Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
| | - Tom F. A. Greef
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
- Computational Biology group Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Faculty of Science Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology Department of Biomedical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology The Netherlands
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4
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Raynal M, Li Y, Troufflard C, Przybylski C, Gontard G, Maistriaux T, Idé J, Lazzaroni R, Bouteiller L, Brocorens P. Experimental and computational diagnosis of the fluxional nature of a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide-based hydrogen-bonded dimer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5207-5221. [PMID: 33625418 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06128j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Precise characterization of the hydrogen bond network present in discrete self-assemblies of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide monomers derived from amino-esters (ester BTAs) is crucial for the construction of elaborated functional co-assemblies. For all ester BTA dimeric structures previously reported, ester carbonyls in the side chain acted as hydrogen bond acceptors, yielding well-defined dimers stabilized by six hydrogen bonds. The ester BTA monomer derived from glycine (BTA Gly) shows a markedly different self-assembly behaviour. We report herein a combined experimental and computational investigation aimed at determining the nature of the dimeric species formed by BTA Gly. Two distinct dimeric structures were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements. Likewise, a range of spectroscopic and scattering techniques as well as molecular modelling were employed to diagnose the nature of dynamic dimeric structures in toluene. Our results unambiguously establish that both ester and amide carbonyls are involved in the hydrogen bond network of the discrete dimeric species formed by BTA Gly. The participation of roughly 4.5 ester carbonyls and 1.5 amide carbonyls per dimer as determined by FT-IR spectroscopy implies that several conformations coexist in solution. Moreover, NMR analysis and modelling data reveal rapid interconversion between these different conformers leading to a symmetric structure on the NMR timescale. Rapid hydrogen bond shuffling between conformers having three (three), two (four), one (five) and zero (six) amide carbonyl groups (ester carbonyl groups, respectively) as hydrogen bond acceptors is proposed to explain the magnetic equivalence of the amide N-H on the NMR timescale. When compared to other ester BTA derivatives in which only ester carbonyls act as hydrogen bond acceptors, the fluxional behaviour of the hydrogen-bonded dimers of BTA Gly likely originates from a larger range of energetically favorable conformations accessible through rotation of the BTA side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Raynal
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Y Li
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - C Troufflard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - C Przybylski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - G Gontard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - T Maistriaux
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - J Idé
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - R Lazzaroni
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - L Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, IPCM, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - P Brocorens
- Service de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
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5
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Abstract
The preparation and applications of DNA containing polymers are comprehensively reviewed, and they are in the form of DNA−polymer covalent conjugators, supramolecular assemblies and hydrogels for advanced materials with promising features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeqi Min
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Biyi Xu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | - Afang Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
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6
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Albert SK, Golla M, Krishnan N, Perumal D, Varghese R. DNA-π Amphiphiles: A Unique Building Block for the Crafting of DNA-Decorated Unilamellar Nanostructures. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2668-2679. [PMID: 33052654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The unparalleled ability of DNA to recognize its complementary strand through Watson and Crick base pairing is one of the most reliable molecular recognition events found in natural systems. This highly specific sequence information encoded in DNA enables it to be a versatile building block for bottom-up self-assembly. Hence, the decoration of functional nanostructures with information-rich DNA is extremely important as this allows the integration of other functional molecules onto the surface of the nanostructures through DNA hybridization in a highly predictable manner. DNA amphiphiles are a class of molecular hybrids where a short hydrophilic DNA is conjugated to a hydrophobic moiety. Since DNA amphiphiles comprise DNA as the hydrophilic segment, their self-assembly in aqueous medium always results in the formation of nanostructures with shell made of DNA. This clearly suggests that self-assembly of DNA amphiphiles is a straightforward strategy for the ultradense decoration of a nanostructure with DNA. However, initial attempts toward the design of DNA amphiphiles were primarily focused on long flexible hydrocarbon chains as the hydrophobic moiety, and it has been demonstrated in several examples that they typically self-assemble into DNA-decorated micelles (spherical or cylindrical). Hence, molecular level control over the self-assembly of DNA amphiphiles and achieving diverse morphologies was extremely challenging and unrealized until recently.In this Account, we summarize our recent efforts in the area of self-assembly of DNA amphiphiles and narrate the remarkable effect of the incorporation of a large π-surface as the hydrophobic domain in the self-assembly of DNA amphiphiles. Self-assembly of DNA amphiphiles with flexible hydrocarbon chains as the hydrophobic moiety is primarily driven by the hydrophobic effect. The morphology of such nanostructures is typically predicted based on the volume ratio of hydrophobic to hydrophilic segments. However, control over the self-assembly and prediction of the morphology become increasingly challenging when the hydrophobic moieties can interact with each other through other noncovalent interactions. In this Account, the unique self-assembly behaviors of DNA-π amphiphiles, where a large π-surface acts as the hydrophobe, are described. Due to the extremely strong π-π stacking in aqueous medium, the assembly of the amphiphile is found to preferably proceed in a lamellar fashion (bilayer) and hence the morphology of the nanostructures can easily be tuned by the structural modification of the π-surface. Design principles for crafting various DNA-decorated lamellar nanostructures including unilamellar vesicles, two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets, and helically twisted nanoribbons by selecting suitable π-surfaces are discussed. Unilamellar vesicular nanostructures were achieved by using linear oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) as the hydrophobic segment, where lamellar assembly undergoes folding to form unilamellar vesicles. The replacement of OPE with a strongly π-stacking hydrophobe such as hexabenzocoronene (HBC) or tetraphenylethylene (TPE) provides extremely strong π-stacking compared to OPE, which efficiently directed the 2D growth for the lamellar assembly and led to the formation of 2D nanosheets. A helical twist in the lamella was achieved by the replacement of HBC with hexaphenylbenzene (HPB), which is the twisted analogue of HBC, directing the assembly into helically twisted nanoribbons. The most beneficial structural feature of this kind of nanostructure is the extremely dense decoration of their surface with ssDNA, which can further be used for DNA-directed organization of other functional nanomaterials. By exploring this, their potential as a nanoscaffold for predefined assembly of plasmonic nanomaterials into various plasmonic 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures through DNA hybridization is discussed. Moreover, the design of pH-responsive DNA-based vesicles and their application as a nanocarrier for payload delivery is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shine K. Albert
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551 Kerala, India
| | - Murali Golla
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551 Kerala, India
| | - Nthiyanandan Krishnan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551 Kerala, India
| | - Devanathan Perumal
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551 Kerala, India
| | - Reji Varghese
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Thiruvananthapuram, Trivandrum, 695551 Kerala, India
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7
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Varela-Aramburu S, Morgese G, Su L, Schoenmakers SMC, Perrone M, Leanza L, Perego C, Pavan GM, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Exploring the Potential of Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide Supramolecular Polymers as Biomaterials. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4105-4115. [PMID: 32991162 PMCID: PMC7556542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
fast dynamics occurring in natural processes increases the
difficulty of creating biomaterials capable of mimicking Nature. Within
synthetic biomaterials, water-soluble supramolecular polymers show
great potential in mimicking the dynamic behavior of these natural
processes. In particular, benzene-1,3,5-tricaboxamide (BTA)-based
supramolecular polymers have shown to be highly dynamic through the
exchange of monomers within and between fibers, but their suitability
as biomaterials has not been yet explored. Herein we systematically
study the interactions of BTA supramolecular polymers bearing either
tetraethylene glycol or mannose units at the periphery with different
biological entities. When BTA fibers were incubated with bovine serum
albumin (BSA), the protein conformation was only affected by the fibers
containing tetraethylene glycol at the periphery (BTA-OEG4). Coarse-grained molecular simulations showed that BSA interacted
with BTA-OEG4 fibers rather than with BTA-OEG4 monomers that are present in solution or that may exchange out of
the fibers. Microscopy studies revealed that, in the presence of BSA,
BTA-OEG4 retained their fiber conformation although their
length was slightly shortened. When further incubated with fetal bovine
serum (FBS), both long and short fibers were visualized in solution.
Nevertheless, in the hydrogel state, the rheological properties were
remarkably preserved. Further studies on the cellular compatibility
of all the BTA assemblies and mixtures thereof were performed in four
different cell lines. A low cytotoxic effect at most concentrations
was observed, confirming the suitability of utilizing functional BTA
supramolecular polymers as dynamic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Varela-Aramburu
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lu Su
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra M C Schoenmakers
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mattia Perrone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.,Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Perego
- Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni M Pavan
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.,Department of Innovative Technologies, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Galleria 2, Via Cantonale 2c, 6928 Manno, Switzerland
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Morgese G, de Waal BFM, Varela‐Aramburu S, Palmans ARA, Albertazzi L, Meijer EW. Anchoring Supramolecular Polymers to Human Red Blood Cells by Combining Dynamic Covalent and Non-Covalent Chemistries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17229-17233. [PMID: 32584462 PMCID: PMC7540258 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding cell/material interactions is essential to design functional cell-responsive materials. While the scientific literature abounds with formulations of biomimetic materials, only a fraction of them focused on mechanisms of the molecular interactions between cells and material. To provide new knowledge on the strategies for materials/cell recognition and binding, supramolecular benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide copolymers bearing benzoxaborole moieties are anchored on the surface of human erythrocytes via benzoxaborole/sialic-acid binding. This interaction based on both dynamic covalent and non-covalent chemistries is visualized in real time by means of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Exploiting this imaging method, we observe that the functional copolymers specifically interact with the cell surface. An optimal fiber affinity towards the cells as a function of benzoxaborole concentration demonstrates the crucial role of multivalency in these cell/material interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Bas F. M. de Waal
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Silvia Varela‐Aramburu
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC)The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBaldiri Reixac 15–2108028BarcelonaSpain
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS)Eindhoven University of Technology5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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9
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Morgese G, Waal BFM, Varela‐Aramburu S, Palmans ARA, Albertazzi L, Meijer EW. Anchoring Supramolecular Polymers to Human Red Blood Cells by Combining Dynamic Covalent and Non‐Covalent Chemistries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bas F. M. Waal
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Varela‐Aramburu
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Baldiri Reixac 15–21 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology 5600MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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10
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Magdalena Estirado E, Rosier BJHM, de Greef TFA, Brunsveld L. Dynamic modulation of proximity-induced enzyme activity using supramolecular polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5747-5750. [PMID: 32319466 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02120b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic supramolecular polymers are used as dynamic nanoscaffolds for the activation of the apoptotic signalling enzyme caspase-9. Recruitment of caspase-9 to the nanoscaffold results in an increase in enzymatic activity due to enhanced proximity, with a bell-shaped response as a function of nanoscaffold concentration. The modularity of the system allows for dynamic regulation of enzyme activity through variation of the recruitment-motif density along the supramolecular polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Bas J H M Rosier
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom F A de Greef
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. and Computational Biology Group, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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11
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Fuentes E, Gerth M, Berrocal JA, Matera C, Gorostiza P, Voets IK, Pujals S, Albertazzi L. An Azobenzene-Based Single-Component Supramolecular Polymer Responsive to Multiple Stimuli in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10069-10078. [PMID: 32395995 PMCID: PMC7497294 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
![]()
One
of the most appealing features of supramolecular assemblies
is their ability to respond to external stimuli due to their noncovalent
nature. This provides the opportunity to gain control over their size,
morphology, and chemical properties and is key toward some of their
applications. However, the design of supramolecular systems able to
respond to multiple stimuli in a controlled fashion is still challenging.
Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel discotic
molecule, which self-assembles in water into a single-component supramolecular
polymer that responds to multiple independent stimuli. The building
block of such an assembly is a C3-symmetric
monomer, consisting of a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide core conjugated
to a series of natural and non-natural functional amino acids. This
design allows the use of rapid and efficient solid-phase synthesis
methods and the modular implementation of different functionalities.
The discotic monomer incorporates a hydrophobic azobenzene moiety,
an octaethylene glycol chain, and a C-terminal lysine. Each of these
blocks was chosen for two reasons: to drive the self-assembly in water
by a combination of H-bonding and hydrophobicity and to impart specific
responsiveness. With a combination of microscopy and spectroscopy
techniques, we demonstrate self-assembly in water and responsiveness
to temperature, light, pH, and ionic strength. This work shows the
potential to integrate independent mechanisms for controlling self-assembly
in a single-component supramolecular polymer by the rational monomer
design and paves the way toward the use of multiresponsive systems
in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Fuentes
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Marieke Gerth
- Laboratory of Self-Organizing Soft Matter, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry & Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology (TUE), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology (TUE), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - José Augusto Berrocal
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Polymer Chemistry and Materials, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Matera
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Centre in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Centre in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08011, Spain
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology (TUE), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Pujals
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Physics, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08011, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Albertazzi
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08036, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology (TUE), Eindhoven 5612 AZ, The Netherlands
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12
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Magdalena Estirado E, Mason AF, Alemán García MÁ, van Hest JCM, Brunsveld L. Supramolecular Nanoscaffolds within Cytomimetic Protocells as Signal Localization Hubs. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9106-9111. [PMID: 32356660 PMCID: PMC7243252 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The programmed construction of functional
synthetic cells requires
spatial control over arrays of biomolecules within the cytomimetic
environment. The mimicry of the natural hierarchical assembly of biomolecules
remains challenging due to the lack of an appropriate molecular toolbox.
Herein, we report the implementation of DNA-decorated supramolecular
assemblies as dynamic and responsive nanoscaffolds for the localization
of arrays of DNA signal cargo within hierarchically assembled complex
coacervate protocells. Protocells stabilized with a semipermeable
membrane allow trafficking of single-stranded DNA between neighboring
protocells. DNA duplex operations demonstrate the responsiveness of
the nanoscaffolds to different input DNA strands via the reversible
release of DNA cargo. Moreover, a second population of coacervate
protocells with nanoscaffolds featuring a higher affinity for the
DNA cargo enabled chemically programmed communication between both
protocell populations. This combination of supramolecular structure
and function paves the way for the next generation of protocells imbued
with programmable, lifelike behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Laboratories of Chemical Biology and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F Mason
- Laboratories of Chemical Biology and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Ángel Alemán García
- Laboratories of Chemical Biology and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Laboratories of Chemical Biology and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratories of Chemical Biology and Bio-Organic Chemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Gruschwitz FV, Klein T, Catrouillet S, Brendel JC. Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5079-5110. [PMID: 32347854 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01202e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The field of supramolecular chemistry has long been known to generate complex materials of different sizes and shapes via the self-assembly of single or multiple low molar mass building blocks. Matching the complexity found in natural assemblies, however, remains a long-term challenge considering its precision in organizing large macromolecules into well-defined nanostructures. Nevertheless, the increasing understanding of supramolecular chemistry has paved the way to several attempts in arranging synthetic macromolecules into larger ordered structures based on non-covalent forces. This review is a first attempt to summarize the developments in this field, which focus mainly on the formation of one-dimensional, linear, cylindrical aggregates in solution with pendant polymer chains - therefore coined supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes in accordance with their covalent equivalents. Distinguishing by the different supramolecular driving forces, we first describe systems based on π-π interactions, which comprise, among others, the well-known perylene motif, but also the early attempts using cyclophanes. However, the majority of reported supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes are formed by hydrogen bonds as they can for example be found in linear and cyclic peptides, as well as so called sticker molecules containing multiple urea groups. Besides this overview on the reported motifs and their impact on the resulting morphology of the polymer nanostructures, we finally highlight the potential benefits of such non-covalent interactions and refer to promising future directions of this still mostly unrecognized field of supramolecular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka V Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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14
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Magdalena Estirado E, Aleman Garcia MA, Schill J, Brunsveld L. Multivalent Ultrasensitive Interfacing of Supramolecular 1D Nanoplatforms. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18030-18037. [PMID: 31622094 PMCID: PMC6856958 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent display on linear platforms is used by many biomolecular systems to effectively interact with their corresponding binding partners in a dose-responsive and ultrasensitive manner appropriate to the biological system at hand. Synthetic supramolecular multivalent displays offer a matching approach for the modular and bottom-up construction and systematic study of dynamic 1D materials. Fundamental studies into multivalent interactions between such linear, 1D materials have been lacking because of the absence of appropriate modular nanoplatforms. In this work we interfaced two synthetic multivalent linear nanoplatforms based on a dynamic supramolecular polymer, formed by hybrid discotic-oligonucleotide monomers, and a series of complementary DNA-duplex-based multivalent ligands, also with appended short oligonucleotides. The combination of these two multivalent nanoplatforms provides for the first time entry to study multivalent effects in dynamic 1D systems, of relevance for the conceptual understanding of multivalency in biology and for the generation of novel multivalent biomaterials. Together the two nanoscaffolds provide easy access to libraries of multivalent ligands with tunable affinities. The DNA scaffold allows for exact control over valency and spatial ligand distribution, and the discotic supramolecular polymer allows for dynamic adaptation and control over receptor density. The interaction between the two nanoplatforms was studied as a function of ligand interaction strength, valency, and density. Usage of the enhancement parameter β allowed quantification of the effects of ligand valency and affinity. The results reveal a generalized principle of additive binding increments. Receptor density is shown to be crucially and nonlinearly correlated to complex formation, leading to ultrasensitive responses. The results reveal that, not unlike biomolecular signaling, high density multivalent display of receptors is crucial for functionally increased affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Angel Aleman Garcia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Schill
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , Den Dolech 2 , 5612 AZ Eindhoven , The Netherlands
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15
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Chu C, Stricker L, Kirse TM, Hayduk M, Ravoo BJ. Light-Responsive Arylazopyrazole Gelators: From Organic to Aqueous Media and from Supramolecular to Dynamic Covalent Chemistry. Chemistry 2019; 25:6131-6140. [PMID: 30791165 PMCID: PMC6593461 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Versatile photoresponsive gels based on tripodal low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are reported. A cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (CTA) core provides face-to-face hydrogen bonding and a planar conformation, inducing the self-assembly of supramolecular polymers. The CTA core was substituted with three arylazopyrazole (AAP) arms. AAP is a molecular photoswitch that isomerizes reversibly under alternating UV and green light irradiation. The E isomer of AAP is planar, favoring the self-assembly, whereas the Z isomer has a twisted structure, leading to a disassembly of the supramolecular polymers. By using tailor-made molecular design of the tripodal gelator, light-responsive organogels and hydrogels were obtained. Additionally, in the case of the hydrogels, AAP was coupled to the core through hydrazones, so that the hydrogelator and, hence, the photoresponsive hydrogel could also be assembled and disassembled by using dynamic covalent chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Wei Chu
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Lucas Stricker
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Thomas M. Kirse
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Hayduk
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN)Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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16
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Wijnands SPW, Meijer EW, Merkx M. DNA-Functionalized Supramolecular Polymers: Dynamic Multicomponent Assemblies with Emergent Properties. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1905-1914. [PMID: 30860819 PMCID: PMC6756584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Recent
years have witnessed an increasing interest in hybrid
molecular systems in which the programmability of DNA hybridization
is used to introduce enhanced molecular control in synthetic systems.
The first examples of DNA-functionalized supramolecular polymers have
been reported only recently, but have already revealed structural
and functional properties that are not easily obtained in either synthetic
supramolecular polymers or DNA-only based systems. In this Topical
Review, we provide an overview of the various forms of additional
control offered by DNA hybridization for different types of supramolecular
polymers and discuss how orthogonal supramolecular interactions in
these hybrid systems can give rise to emergent structural and functional
properties.
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17
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Vybornyi M, Vyborna Y, Häner R. DNA-inspired oligomers: from oligophosphates to functional materials. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:4347-4360. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00662h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the natural nucleotides in DNA by non-nucleosidic building blocks leads to phosphodiester-linked oligomers with a high functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Vybornyi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie (LBC)
- ESPCI Paris
- PSL Research University
- CNRS UMR8231 Chimie Biologie Innovation
- 75005 Paris
| | - Yuliia Vyborna
- Sorbonne Université
- Laboratoire Jean Perrin
- 75005 Paris
- France
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Bern
- Freiestrasse 3
- Switzerland
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18
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Kownacki M, Langenegger SM, Liu SX, Häner R. Integrating DNA Photonic Wires into Light-Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kownacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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19
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Kownacki M, Langenegger SM, Liu SX, Häner R. Integrating DNA Photonic Wires into Light-Harvesting Supramolecular Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:751-755. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kownacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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20
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van Dun S, Schill J, Milroy LG, Brunsveld L. Mutually Exclusive Cellular Uptake of Combinatorial Supramolecular Copolymers. Chemistry 2018; 24:16445-16451. [PMID: 30155918 PMCID: PMC6282950 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cellular uptake of self-assembled biological and synthetic matter results from their multicomponent properties. However, the interplay of the building block composition of self-assembled materials and uptake mechanisms urgently requires addressing. It is shown here that supramolecular polymers that self-assemble in aqueous media, are a modular and controllable platform to modulate cellular delivery by the introduction of small ligands or cationic moieties, with concomitantly different cellular uptake kinetics and valence dependence. A library of supramolecular copolymers revealed stringent mutually exclusive uptake behavior in which either of the uptake pathways dominated, with sharp compositional transition. Supramolecular biomaterial engineering thus provides for adaptive platforms with great potential for efficient tuning of multivalent and multicomponent systems interfacing with biological matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam van Dun
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen Schill
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lech-Gustav Milroy
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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21
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Matsumoto NM, Lafleur RPM, Lou X, Shih KC, Wijnands SPW, Guibert C, van Rosendaal JWAM, Voets IK, Palmans ARA, Lin Y, Meijer EW. Polymorphism in Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide Supramolecular Assemblies in Water: A Subtle Trade-off between Structure and Dynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13308-13316. [PMID: 30221520 PMCID: PMC6194755 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In biology, polymorphism is a well-known
phenomenon by which a
discrete biomacromolecule can adopt multiple specific conformations
in response to its environment. The controlled incorporation of polymorphism
into noncovalent aqueous assemblies of synthetic small molecules is
an important step toward the development of bioinspired responsive
materials. Herein, we report on a family of carboxylic acid functionalized
water-soluble benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamides (BTAs) that self-assemble
in water to form one-dimensional fibers, membranes, and hollow nanotubes.
Interestingly, one of the BTAs with the optimized position of the
carboxylic group in the hydrophobic domain yields nanotubes that undergo
reversible temperature-dependent dynamic reorganizations. SAXS and
Cryo-TEM data show the formation of elongated, well-ordered nanotubes
at elevated temperatures. At these temperatures, increased dynamics,
as measured by hydrogen–deuterium exchange, provide enough
flexibility to the system to form well-defined nanotube structures
with apparently defect-free tube walls. Without this flexibility,
the assemblies are frozen into a variety of structures that are very
similar at the supramolecular level, but less defined at the mesoscopic
level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Matsumoto
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - René P M Lafleur
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Xianwen Lou
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Kuo-Chih Shih
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Program at the Institute of Materials Science , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Sjors P W Wijnands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Clément Guibert
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Johannes W A M van Rosendaal
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Ilja K Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Program at the Institute of Materials Science , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven , the Netherlands
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22
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Engelen W, Wijnands SPW, Merkx M. Accelerating DNA-Based Computing on a Supramolecular Polymer. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9758-9767. [PMID: 29989400 PMCID: PMC6077772 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Dynamic
DNA-based circuits represent versatile systems to perform
complex computing operations at the molecular level. However, the
majority of DNA circuits relies on freely diffusing reactants, which
slows down their rate of operation substantially. Here we introduce
the use of DNA-functionalized benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) supramolecular
polymers as dynamic scaffolds to template DNA-based molecular computing.
By selectively recruiting DNA circuit components to a supramolecular
BTA polymer functionalized with 10-nucleotide handle strands, the
kinetics of strand displacement and strand exchange reactions were
accelerated 100-fold. In addition, strand exchange reactions were
also favored thermodynamically by bivalent interactions between the
reaction product and the supramolecular polymer. The noncovalent assembly
of the supramolecular polymers enabled straightforward optimization
of the polymer composition to best suit various applications. The
ability of supramolecular BTA polymers to increase the efficiency
of DNA-based computing was demonstrated for three well-known and practically
important DNA-computing operations: multi-input AND gates, Catalytic
Hairpin Assembly and Hybridization Chain Reactions. This work thus
establishes supramolecular BTA polymers as an efficient platform for
DNA-based molecular operations, paving the way for the construction
of autonomous bionanomolecular systems that confine and combine molecular
sensing, computation, and actuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Engelen
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
| | - Sjors P W Wijnands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB , The Netherlands
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23
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Bösch CD, Jevric J, Bürki N, Probst M, Langenegger SM, Häner R. Supramolecular Assembly of DNA-Phenanthrene Conjugates into Vesicles with Light-Harvesting Properties. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1505-1509. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline D. Bösch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jovana Jevric
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nutcha Bürki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Probst
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon M. Langenegger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Alemán García MÁ, Magdalena Estirado E, Milroy L, Brunsveld L. Dual-Input Regulation and Positional Control in Hybrid Oligonucleotide/Discotic Supramolecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4976-4980. [PMID: 29457856 PMCID: PMC5969285 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The combination of oligonucleotides and synthetic supramolecular systems allows for novel and long‐needed modes of regulation of the self‐assembly of both molecular elements. Discotic molecules were conjugated with short oligonucleotides and their assembly into responsive supramolecular wires studied. The self‐assembly of the discotic molecules provides additional stability for DNA‐duplex formation owing to a cooperative effect. The appended oligonucleotides allow for positional control of the discotic elements within the supramolecular wire. The programmed assembly of these hybrid architectures can be modulated through the DNA, for example, by changing the number of base pairs or salt concentration, and through the discotic platform by the addition of discotic elements without oligonucleotide handles. These hybrid supramolecular‐DNA structures allow for advanced levels of control over 1D dynamic platforms with responsive regulatory elements at the interface with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Alemán García
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Eva Magdalena Estirado
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Lech‐Gustav Milroy
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyPO Box 5135600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
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