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Jogdeo CM, Siddhanta K, Das A, Ding L, Panja S, Kumari N, Oupický D. Beyond Lipids: Exploring Advances in Polymeric Gene Delivery in the Lipid Nanoparticles Era. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404608. [PMID: 38842816 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The recent success of gene therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of effective and safe delivery systems. Complementing lipid-based delivery systems, polymers present a promising alternative for gene delivery. Significant advances have been made in the recent past, with multiple clinical trials progressing beyond phase I and several companies actively working on polymeric delivery systems which provides assurance that polymeric carriers can soon achieve clinical translation. The massive advantage of structural tunability and vast chemical space of polymers is being actively leveraged to mitigate shortcomings of traditional polycationic polymers and improve the translatability of delivery systems. Tailored polymeric approaches for diverse nucleic acids and for specific subcellular targets are now being designed to improve therapeutic efficacy. This review describes the recent advances in polymer design for improved gene delivery by polyplexes and covalent polymer-nucleic acid conjugates. The review also offers a brief note on novel computational techniques for improved polymer design. The review concludes with an overview of the current state of polymeric gene therapies in the clinic as well as future directions on their translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay M Jogdeo
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kasturi Siddhanta
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ashish Das
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ling Ding
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sudipta Panja
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Neha Kumari
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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2
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Li Z, Xie HY, Nie W. Nano-Engineering Strategies for Tumor-Specific Therapy. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300647. [PMID: 38356248 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanodelivery systems (NDSs) provide promising prospects for decreasing drug doses, reducing side effects, and improving therapeutic effects. However, the bioapplications of NDSs are still compromised by their fast clearance, indiscriminate biodistribution, and limited tumor accumulation. Hence, engineering modification of NDSs aiming at promoting tumor-specific therapy and avoiding systemic toxicity is usually needed. An NDS integrating various functionalities, including flexible camouflage, specific biorecognition, and sensitive stimuli-responsiveness, into one sequence would be "smart" and highly effective. Herein, we systematically summarize the related principles, methods, and progress. At the end of the review, we predict the obstacles to precise nanoengineering and prospects for the future application of NDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hai-Yan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chemical Biology Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weidong Nie
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
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3
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Homma K, Miura Y, Kobayashi M, Chintrakulchai W, Toyoda M, Ogi K, Michinishi J, Ohtake T, Honda Y, Nomoto T, Takemoto H, Nishiyama N. Fine tuning of the net charge alternation of polyzwitterion surfaced lipid nanoparticles to enhance cellular uptake and membrane fusion potential. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024; 25:2338785. [PMID: 38646148 PMCID: PMC11028023 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2338785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) coated with functional and biocompatible polymers have been widely used as carriers to deliver oligonucleotide and messenger RNA therapeutics to treat diseases. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a representative material used for the surface coating, but the PEG surface-coated LNPs often have reduced cellular uptake efficiency and pharmacological activity. Here, we demonstrate the effect of pH-responsive ethylenediamine-based polycarboxybetaines with different molecular weights as an alternative structural component to PEG for the coating of LNPs. We found that appropriate tuning of the molecular weight around polycarboxybetaine-modified LNP, which incorporated small interfering RNA, could enhance the cellular uptake and membrane fusion potential in cancerous pH condition, thereby facilitating the gene silencing effect. This study demonstrates the importance of the design and molecular length of polymers on the LNP surface to provide effective drug delivery to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Homma
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Motoaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Wanphiwat Chintrakulchai
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toyoda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogi
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junya Michinishi
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohtake
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Honda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nomoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Takemoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kanagawa, Japan
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4
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Liu J, Cabral H, Mi P. Nanocarriers address intracellular barriers for efficient drug delivery, overcoming drug resistance, subcellular targeting and controlled release. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115239. [PMID: 38437916 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The cellular barriers are major bottlenecks for bioactive compounds entering into cells to accomplish their biological functions, which limits their biomedical applications. Nanocarriers have demonstrated high potential and benefits for encapsulating bioactive compounds and efficiently delivering them into target cells by overcoming a cascade of intracellular barriers to achieve desirable therapeutic and diagnostic effects. In this review, we introduce the cellular barriers ahead of drug delivery and nanocarriers, as well as summarize recent advances and strategies of nanocarriers for increasing internalization with cells, promoting intracellular trafficking, overcoming drug resistance, targeting subcellular locations and controlled drug release. Lastly, the future perspectives of nanocarriers for intracellular drug delivery are discussed, which mainly focus on potential challenges and future directions. Our review presents an overview of intracellular drug delivery by nanocarriers, which may encourage the future development of nanocarriers for efficient and precision drug delivery into a wide range of cells and subcellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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5
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Ouyang X, Liu Y, Zheng K, Pang Z, Peng S. Recent advances in zwitterionic nanoscale drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100883. [PMID: 38357524 PMCID: PMC10861844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale drug delivery systems (nDDS) have been employed widely in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs against diseases with reduced side effects. Although several nDDS have been successfully approved for clinical use up to now, biological barriers between the administration site and the target site hinder the wider clinical adoption of nDDS in disease treatment. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modification (or PEGylation) has been regarded as the gold standard for stabilising nDDS in complex biological environment. However, the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) of PEGylated nDDS after repeated injections becomes great challenges for their clinical applications. Zwitterionic polymer, a novel family of anti-fouling materials, have evolved as an alternative to PEG due to their super-hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. Zwitterionic nDDS could avoid the generation of ABC phenomenon and exhibit longer blood circulation time than the PEGylated analogues. More impressively, zwitterionic nDDS have recently been shown to overcome multiple biological barriers such as nonspecific organ distribution, pressure gradients, impermeable cell membranes and lysosomal degradation without the need of any complex chemical modifications. The realization of overcoming multiple biological barriers by zwitterionic nDDS may simplify the current overly complex design of nDDS, which could facilitate their better clinical translation. Herein, we summarise the recent progress of zwitterionic nDDS at overcoming various biological barriers and analyse their underlying mechanisms. Finally, prospects and challenges are introduced to guide the rational design of zwitterionic nDDS for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumei Ouyang
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaojun Peng
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
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6
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Eng YJ, Nguyen TM, Luo HK, Chan JMW. Antifouling polymers for nanomedicine and surfaces: recent advances. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15472-15512. [PMID: 37740391 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling polymers are materials that can resist nonspecific interactions with cells, proteins, and other biomolecules. Typically, they are hydrophilic polymers with polar or charged moieties that are capable of strong nonbonding interactions with water molecules. This propensity to bind water generates a surface hydration layer that reduces nonspecific interactions with other molecules and is paramount to the antifouling behavior. This property is especially useful for nanoscale applications such as nanomedicine and surface modifications at the molecular level. In nanomedicine, antifouling polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) and its alternatives play a key role in shielding drug molecules and therapeutic proteins/genes from the immune system within nanoassemblies, thereby enabling effective delivery to target tissues. For coatings, antifouling polymers help to prevent adhesion of cells and molecules to surfaces and are thus valued in marine and biomedical device applications. In this Review, we survey recent advances in antifouling polymers in the context of nanomedicine and coatings, while shining the spotlight on the major polymer classes such as PEG, polyzwitterions, poly(oxazoline)s, and other nonionic hydrophilic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jie Eng
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Tuan Minh Nguyen
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - He-Kuan Luo
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Julian M W Chan
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore.
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7
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Shen X, Dirisala A, Toyoda M, Xiao Y, Guo H, Honda Y, Nomoto T, Takemoto H, Miura Y, Nishiyama N. pH-responsive polyzwitterion covered nanocarriers for DNA delivery. J Control Release 2023; 360:928-939. [PMID: 37495117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The success of gene therapy relies on gene nanocarriers to achieve therapeutic effects in vivo. Surface shielding of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), known as PEGylation, onto gene delivery carriers is a predominant strategy for extending blood circulation and improving therapeutic outcomes in vivo. Nevertheless, PEGylation frequently compromises the transfection efficiency by decreasing the interactions with the cellular membrane of the targeted cells, thereby preventing the cellular uptake and the subsequent endosomal escape. Herein, we developed a stepwise pH-responsive polyplex micelle for the plasmid DNA delivery with the surface covered by ethylenediamine-based polycarboxybetaines. This polyplex micelle switched its surface charge from neutral at pH 7.4 to positive at tumorous and endo-/lysosomal pH (i.e., pH 6.5 and 5.5, respectively), thus enhancing the cellular uptake and facilitating the endosomal escape toward efficient gene transfection. Additionally, the polyplex micelle demonstrated prolonged blood circulation as well as enhanced tumor accumulation, leading to highly effective tumor growth suppression by delivering an antiangiogenic gene. These results suggest the usefulness of a pH-responsive charge-switchable shell polymer on the surface of the polyplex micelle for the efficient nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Anjaneyulu Dirisala
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toyoda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yao Xiao
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Haochen Guo
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuto Honda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nomoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Takemoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0823, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan.
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8
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Huang J, Huang H, Wang Y, Xu B, Lin M, Han S, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Shuai X. Retinol-binding protein-hijacking nanopolyplex delivering siRNA to cytoplasm of hepatic stellate cell for liver fibrosis alleviation. Biomaterials 2023; 299:122134. [PMID: 37167895 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Activated hepatic stellate cell (aHSC) is mainly responsible for deposition of extracellular collagen matrix that causes liver fibrosis. Although several siRNAs adequately inhibited HSC activation in vitro, they were demonstrated poor RNAi efficiency in vivo. Developing HSC-targeting and cytoplasmic delivery nanocarrier is highly essential to acquire a desirable siRNA therapeutic index for anti-liver fibrosis. Here, we developed a unique crosslinking nanopolyplex (called T-C-siRNA) modified by vitamin A (VA) with the well-designed natures, including the negative charge, retinol-binding protein (RBP) hijacking, and cytoplasmic siRNA release in response to ROS and cis diol molecules. The nanopolyplex was given a yolk-shell-like shape, camouflage ability in blood, and HSC-targeting capability by hijacking the endogenous ligand RBP via surface VA. PDGFR-β siRNA (siPDGFR-β) supplied via T-C-siPDGFR-β nanopolyplex dramatically reduced HSC activation and its production of pro-fibrogenic proteins in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, T-C-siPDGFR-β nanopolyplex effectively alleviated CCl4-induced liver injury, decreased hepatic collagen sediment, and recovered liver function in mice. This study provides a sophisticated method for HSC-targeting cytoplasmic RNA delivery using endogenous ligand hijacking and dual sensitivity of ROS and cis diol compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Huang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Huiling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Minzhao Lin
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China; PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Shisong Han
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Nanomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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9
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Nakamura Y, Nasu M, Shindo Y, Oka K, Citterio D, Hiruta Y. Effect of the side chain composition of mixed-charge polymers on pH-selective cell–membrane interactions. Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-023-00774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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10
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Li Q, Wen C, Yang J, Zhou X, Zhu Y, Zheng J, Cheng G, Bai J, Xu T, Ji J, Jiang S, Zhang L, Zhang P. Zwitterionic Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17073-17154. [PMID: 36201481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The term "zwitterionic polymers" refers to polymers that bear a pair of oppositely charged groups in their repeating units. When these oppositely charged groups are equally distributed at the molecular level, the molecules exhibit an overall neutral charge with a strong hydration effect via ionic solvation. The strong hydration effect constitutes the foundation of a series of exceptional properties of zwitterionic materials, including resistance to protein adsorption, lubrication at interfaces, promotion of protein stabilities, antifreezing in solutions, etc. As a result, zwitterionic materials have drawn great attention in biomedical and engineering applications in recent years. In this review, we give a comprehensive and panoramic overview of zwitterionic materials, covering the fundamentals of hydration and nonfouling behaviors, different types of zwitterionic surfaces and polymers, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsi Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chiyu Wen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xianchi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingnan Zhu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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11
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Sung YJ, Guo H, Ghasemizadeh A, Shen X, Chintrakulchai W, Kobayashi M, Toyoda M, Ogi K, Michinishi J, Ohtake T, Matsui M, Honda Y, Nomoto T, Takemoto H, Miura Y, Nishiyama N. Cancerous pH-responsive polycarboxybetaine-coated lipid nanoparticle for smart delivery of siRNA against subcutaneous tumor model in mice. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4339-4349. [PMID: 36047963 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been commonly used as a vehicle for nucleic acids, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA); the surface modification of LNPs is one of the determinants of their delivery efficiency especially in systemic administration. However, the applications of siRNA-encapsulated LNPs are limited due to a lack effective systems to deliver to solid tumors. Here, we report a smart surface modification using a charge-switchable ethylenediamine-based polycarboxybetaine for enhancing tumor accumulation via interaction with anionic tumorous tissue constituents due to selective switching to cationic charge in response to cancerous acidic pH. Our polycarboxybetaine-modified LNP could enhance cellular uptake in cancerous pH, resulting in facilitated endosomal escape and gene knockdown efficiency. After systemic administration, the polycarboxybetaine-modified LNP accomplished high tumor accumulation in SKOV3-luc and CT 26 subcutaneous tumor models. The siPLK-1-encapsulated LNP thereby accomplished significant tumor growth inhibition. This study demonstrates a promising potential of the pH-responsive polycarboxybetaine as a material for modifying the surface of LNPs for efficient nucleic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jung Sung
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Haochen Guo
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aria Ghasemizadeh
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Xin Shen
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Wanphiwat Chintrakulchai
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Motoaki Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toyoda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Ogi
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Michinishi
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohtake
- I&S Department, Corporate R&D division, NOF CORPORATION, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Matsui
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuto Honda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nomoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Takemoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nishiyama
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.,Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Japan
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12
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Proton-mediated burst of dual-drug loaded liposomes for biofilm dispersal and bacterial killing. J Control Release 2022; 352:460-471. [PMID: 36341930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of infectious biofilms to dispersants induces high bacterial concentrations in blood that may cause sepsis. Preventing sepsis requires simultaneous biofilm dispersal and bacterial killing. Here, self-targeting DCPA(2-(4-((1,5-bis(octadecenoyl)1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl)carbamoyl)pyridin-1-ium-1-yl)acetate) liposomes with complexed water were self-assembled with ciprofloxacin loaded in-membrane and PEGylated as a lipid-membrane component, together with bromelain loaded in-core. Inside biofilms, DCPA-H2O and PEGylated ciprofloxacin became protonated, disturbing the balance in the lipid-membrane to cause liposome-burst and simultaneous release of bromelain and ciprofloxacin. Simultaneous release of bromelain and ciprofloxacin enhanced bacterial killing in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms as compared with free bromelain and/or ciprofloxacin. After tail-vein injection in mice, liposomes accumulated inside intra-abdominal staphylococcal biofilms. Subsequent liposome-burst and simultaneous release of bromelain and ciprofloxacin yielded degradation of the biofilm matrix by bromelain and higher bacterial killing without inducing septic symptoms as obtained by injection of free bromelain and ciprofloxacin. This shows the advantage of simultaneous release from liposomes of bromelain and ciprofloxacin inside a biofilm.
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13
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Zhang Y, Li J, Pu K. Recent advances in dual- and multi-responsive nanomedicines for precision cancer therapy. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Changeable net charge on nanoparticles facilitates intratumor accumulation and penetration. J Control Release 2022; 346:392-404. [PMID: 35461967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect is a golden strategy for the nanoparticle (NP)-based targeting of solid tumors, and the surface property of NPs might be a determinant on their targeting efficiency. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is commonly used as a shell material; however, it has been pointed out that PEG-coated NPs may exhibit accumulation near tumor vasculature rather than having homogenous intratumor distribution. The PEG shell plays a pivotal role on prolonged blood circulation of NPs but potentially impairs the intratumor retention of NPs. In this study, we report on a shell material to enhance tumor-targeted delivery of NPs by maximizing the EPR effect: polyzwitterion based on ethylenediamine-based carboxybetaine [PGlu(DET-Car)], which shows the changeable net charge responding to surrounding pH. The net charge of PGlu(DET-Car), is neutral at physiological pH 7.4, allowing it to exhibit a stealth property during the blood circulation; however, it becomes cationic for tissue-interactive performance under tumorous acidic conditions owing to the stepwise protonation behavior of ethylenediamine. Indeed, the PGlu(DET-Car)-coated NPs (i.e., gold NPs in the present study) exhibited prolonged blood circulation and remarkably enhanced tumor accumulation and retention than PEG-coated NPs, achieving 32.1% of injected dose/g of tissue, which was 4.2 times larger relative to PEG-coated NPs. Interestingly, a considerable portion of PGlu(DET-Car)-coated NPs clearly penetrated into deeper tumor sites and realized the effective accumulation in hypoxic regions, probably because the cationic net charge of PGlu(DET-Car) is augmented in more acidic hypoxic regions. This study suggests that the changeable net charge on the NP surface in response to tumorous acidic conditions is a promising strategy for tumor-targeted delivery based on the EPR effect.
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15
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Zhang L, Hu S, Zhang L, wu W, Cheng Q, Li J, Narain R. Synergistic Size and Charge Conversions of Functionalized PAMAM Dendrimers under Acidic Tumor Microenvironment. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4271-4283. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00643j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Developing nanomedicine with highly adaptive behaviors has presented great effectiveness in cancer treatment. However, the multi-functional integration of nano-therapeutic system inevitably leads to the complexity in structure and impairs the...
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16
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Wang DY, Su L, Yang G, Ren Y, Zhang M, Haoren J, Zhang X, Bayston R, Van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ, Shi L. Self-targeting of zwitterion-based platforms for nano-antimicrobials and nano-carriers. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2316-2322. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02647j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-targeting antimicrobial platforms have yielded new possibilities for the treatment of infectious biofilms. Self-targeting involves stealth transport through the blood circulation towards an infectious biofilm, where the antimicrobial platform penetrates...
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17
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Takemoto H, Nishiyama N. Construction of nanomaterials based on pH-responsive polymers for effective tumor delivery. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Muhammad K, Zhao J, Gao B, Feng Y. Polymeric nano-carriers for on-demand delivery of genes via specific responses to stimuli. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:9621-9641. [PMID: 32955058 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01675f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nano-carriers have been developed as a most capable and feasible technology platform for gene therapy. As vehicles, polymeric nano-carriers are obliged to possess high gene loading capability, low immunogenicity, safety, and the ability to transfer various genetic materials into specific sites of target cells to express therapeutic proteins or block a process of gene expression. To this end, various types of polymeric nano-carriers have been prepared to release genes in response to stimuli such as pH, redox, enzymes, light and temperature. These stimulus-responsive nano-carriers exhibit high gene transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity. In particular, dual- and multi-stimulus-responsive polymeric nano-carriers can respond to a combination of signals. Markedly, these combined responses take place either simultaneously or in a sequential manner. These dual-stimulus-responsive polymeric nano-carriers can control gene delivery with high gene transfection both in vitro and in vivo. In this review paper, we highlight the recent exciting developments in stimulus-responsive polymeric nano-carriers for gene delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Muhammad
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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19
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Peng W, Cai Y, Fanslau L, Vana P. Nanoengineering with RAFT polymers: from nanocomposite design to applications. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01172c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization is a powerful tool for the precise formation of macromolecular building blocks that can be used for the construction of well-defined nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Yingying Cai
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luise Fanslau
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Vana
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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20
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He Y, Mao Z, Zhang Y, Lv H, Yan J, Cao Y, Pei R. Tumor Acid Microenvironment-Triggered Self-Assembly of ESIONPs for T 1/T 2 Switchable Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7752-7761. [PMID: 35019515 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Smart magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs), whose MRI contrasting enhancement is variable in response to the specific stimulus from tumor tissues, possess great potential in precise tumor diagnosis. Herein, we design a type of extremely small iron oxide nanoparticle (ESIONP)-based pH-responsive system for activatable T2 MRI in the tumor acid microenvironment. The ESIONP system is composed of ESIONP-PEG-PGA and ESIONP-PEG-PDC, which were respectively constructed through the surface modification with poly (l-glutamic acid) (PGA) and poly(N-{N'-[N″-(2-carbox aminoethyl)]-2-aminoethyl}glutamide) (PDC) on the surface of ESIONP. The pH-responsive system exhibits the dispersed state under the neutral condition, and when it is exposed to the weakly acid environment, ESIONP-PEG-PDC switches from the neutral to positive charge, finally leading to the aggregation by the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged ESIONP-PEG-PDC and negatively charged ESIONP-PEG-PGA. On the basis of the aggregation, the T1 contrasting effect of the pH-responsive system switches to a T2 contrasting effect, which can be employed to realize the selective enhancement of imaging contrast at the tumor location owing to the weakly acid microenvironment. Moreover, on the basis of size increase originated from the aggregation effect, the residence time of extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles (ESIONPs) in the tumor site is effectively prolonged, which is beneficial for the MRI of tumors. Therefore, the pH-responsive system based on the ESIONPs is a potential smart MRI contrast agent for accurate tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China.,Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheng Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haiyin Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jincong Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
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21
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Charge-reversible lipid derivative: A novel type of pH-responsive lipid for nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Hiruta Y, Sawada K, Mizui Y, Citterio D. pH-Responsive Tunable Mixed-Charge Polymers for pH-Selective Interaction with Anionic Biological Constituents. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sawada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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23
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Mi P, Cabral H, Kataoka K. Ligand-Installed Nanocarriers toward Precision Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902604. [PMID: 31353770 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Development of drug-delivery systems that selectively target neoplastic cells has been a major goal of nanomedicine. One major strategy for achieving this milestone is to install ligands on the surface of nanocarriers to enhance delivery to target tissues, as well as to enhance internalization of nanocarriers by target cells, which improves accuracy, efficacy, and ultimately enhances patient outcomes. Herein, recent advances regarding the development of ligand-installed nanocarriers are introduced and the effect of their design on biological performance is discussed. Besides academic achievements, progress on ligand-installed nanocarriers in clinical trials is presented, along with the challenges faced by these formulations. Lastly, the future perspectives of ligand-installed nanocarriers are discussed, with particular emphasis on their potential for emerging precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of Nanomedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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24
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Mi P. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery, tumor imaging, therapy and theranostics. Theranostics 2020; 10:4557-4588. [PMID: 32292515 PMCID: PMC7150471 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much progress has been motivated in stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, which could response to the intrinsic physicochemical and pathological factors in diseased regions to increase the specificity of drug delivery. Currently, numerous nanocarriers have been engineered with physicochemical changes in responding to external stimuli, such as ultrasound, thermal, light and magnetic field, as well as internal stimuli, including pH, redox potential, hypoxia and enzyme, etc. Nanocarriers could respond to stimuli in tumor microenvironments or inside cancer cells for on-demanded drug delivery and accumulation, controlled drug release, activation of bioactive compounds, probes and targeting ligands, as well as size, charge and conformation conversion, etc., leading to sensing and signaling, overcoming multidrug resistance, accurate diagnosis and precision therapy. This review has summarized the general strategies of developing stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and recent advances, presented their applications in drug delivery, tumor imaging, therapy and theranostics, illustrated the progress of clinical translation and made prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Mi
- Department of Radiology, Center for Medical Imaging, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17 South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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25
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Takemoto H, Inaba T, Nomoto T, Matsui M, Liu X, Toyoda M, Honda Y, Taniwaki K, Yamada N, Kim J, Tomoda K, Nishiyama N. Polymeric modification of gemcitabine via cyclic acetal linkage for enhanced anticancer potency with negligible side effects. Biomaterials 2020; 235:119804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Morimoto N, Oishi Y, Yamamoto M. The Design of Sulfobetaine Polymers with Thermoresponsiveness under Physiological Salt Conditions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oishi
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
- Graduate School of Medical EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐12 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
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27
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Lei Z, Tang Q, Ju Y, Lin Y, Bai X, Luo H, Tong Z. Block copolymer@ZIF-8 nanocomposites as a pH-responsive multi-steps release system for controlled drug delivery. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:695-711. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1713451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Lei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Smart Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuju Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanshan Ju
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Bai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Smart Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaizai Tong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Smart Fiber Materials, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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28
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Tanaka M, Kobayashi S, Murakami D, Aratsu F, Kashiwazaki A, Hoshiba T, Fukushima K. Design of Polymeric Biomaterials: The “Intermediate Water Concept”. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shingo Kobayashi
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daiki Murakami
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Aratsu
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Aki Kashiwazaki
- Soft Materials Chemistry, Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Build. CE41, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takashi Hoshiba
- Frontier Center for Organic Materials, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fukushima
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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Perche F, Clemençon R, Schulze K, Ebensen T, Guzmán CA, Pichon C. Neutral Lipopolyplexes for In Vivo Delivery of Conventional and Replicative RNA Vaccine. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:767-775. [PMID: 31446119 PMCID: PMC6716064 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid vaccination relies on injecting DNA or RNA coding antigen(s) to induce a protective immune response. RNA vaccination is being increasingly used in preclinical and clinical studies. However, few delivery systems have been reported for in vivo delivery of RNA of different sizes. Using a tripartite formulation with RNA, cationic polymer, and anionic liposomes, we were able to encapsulate RNA into neutral lipopolyplexes (LPPs). LPPs were stable in vitro and successfully delivered conventional RNA and replicative RNA to dendritic cells in cellulo. Their injection led to reporter gene expression in mice. Finally, administration of LPP-Replicon RNA (RepRNA) led to an adaptive immune response against the antigen coded by the RepRNA. Accordingly, LPPs may represent a universal formulation for RNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perche
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS Rue Charles Sadron Orléans, Orléans Cedex 02, France.
| | - Rudy Clemençon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS Rue Charles Sadron Orléans, Orléans Cedex 02, France
| | - Kai Schulze
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Ebensen
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlos A Guzmán
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS Rue Charles Sadron Orléans, Orléans Cedex 02, France.
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30
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Gafur A, Kristi N, Maruf A, Wang G, Ye Z. Transforming stealthy to sticky nanocarriers: a potential application for tumor therapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:3581-3593. [PMID: 31265011 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00724e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has shown remarkable progress in preclinical studies of tumor treatment. Over the past decade, scientists have developed various nanocarriers (NCs) for delivering drugs into the tumor area. However, the average amount of accumulated drugs in tumor sites is far from satisfactory. This limitation is strongly related to the corona formation during blood circulation. To overcome this issue, NCs should be designed to become highly stealthy by modifying their surface charge. However, at the same time, stealthy effects not only prevent protein formation but also alleviate the cellular uptake of NCs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop NCs with switchable properties, which are stealthy in the circulation system and sticky when arriving at tumor sites. In this review, we discuss the recent strategies to develop passive and active charge-switchable NCs, known as chameleon-like drug delivery systems, which can reversibly transform their surface from stealthy to sticky and have various designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alidha Gafur
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Natalia Kristi
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Ali Maruf
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Zhiyi Ye
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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31
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Perche F, Le Gall T, Montier T, Pichon C, Malinge JM. Cardiolipin-Based Lipopolyplex Platform for the Delivery of Diverse Nucleic Acids into Gram-Negative Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020081. [PMID: 31141930 PMCID: PMC6630428 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health concern. Because only a few novel classes of antibiotics have been developed in the last 40 years, such as the class of oxazolidinones, new antibacterial strategies are urgently needed [1]. Nucleic acid-based antibiotics are a new type of antimicrobials. However, free nucleic acids cannot spontaneously cross the bacterial cell wall and membrane;consequently, their intracellular delivery into bacteria needs to be assisted. Here, we introduce an original lipopolyplex system named liposome polymer nucleic acid (LPN), capable of versatile nucleic acid delivery into bacteria. We characterized LPN formed with significant therapeutic nucleic acids: 11 nt antisense single-stranded (ss) DNA and double-stranded (ds) DNA of 15 and 95 base pairs (bp), 9 kbp plasmid DNA (pDNA), and 1,000 nt ssRNA. All these complexes were efficiently internalized by two different bacterial species, i.e., Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as shown by flow cytometry. Consistent with intracellular delivery, LPN prepared with an antisense oligonucleotide and directed against an essential gene, induced specific and important bacterial growth inhibition likely leading to a bactericidal effect. Our findings indicate that LPN is a versatile platform for efficient delivery of diverse nucleic acids into Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perche
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron Orléans CEDEX 02, France.
| | - Tony Le Gall
- Unité INSERM 1078, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Européenne de Bretagne, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, 29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Tristan Montier
- Unité INSERM 1078, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université Européenne de Bretagne, 22 avenue Camille Desmoulins, 29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron Orléans CEDEX 02, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Malinge
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, UPR4301 CNRS, Rue Charles Sadron Orléans CEDEX 02, France.
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32
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Peng S, Men Y, Xie R, Tian Y, Yang W. Biodegradable phosphorylcholine-based zwitterionic polymer nanogels with smart charge-conversion ability for efficient inhibition of tumor cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 539:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Tang H, Zhao W, Yu J, Li Y, Zhao C. Recent Development of pH-Responsive Polymers for Cancer Nanomedicine. Molecules 2018; 24:E4. [PMID: 30577475 PMCID: PMC6337262 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide with more than 10 million new cases every year. Tumor-targeted nanomedicines have shown substantial improvements of the therapeutic index of anticancer agents, addressing the deficiencies of conventional chemotherapy, and have had a tremendous growth over past several decades. Due to the pathophysiological characteristics that almost all tumor tissues have lower pH in comparison to normal healthy tissues, among various tumor-targeted nanomaterials, pH-responsive polymeric materials have been one of the most prevalent approaches for cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we summarized the types of pH-responsive polymers, describing their chemical structures and pH-response mechanisms; we illustrated the structure-property relationships of pH-responsive polymers and introduced the approaches to regulating their pH-responsive behaviors; we also highlighted the most representative applications of pH-responsive polymers in cancer imaging and therapy. This review article aims to provide general guidelines for the rational design of more effective pH-responsive nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houliang Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275, USA.
| | - Weilong Zhao
- Global Research IT, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02210, USA.
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
| | - Yang Li
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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34
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Kim HJ, Yi Y, Kim A, Miyata K. Small Delivery Vehicles of siRNA for Enhanced Cancer Targeting. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2377-2390. [PMID: 29864287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) drugs have been considered to treat various diseases in major organs. However, siRNA drugs developed for cancer therapy are hindered from proceeding to the clinic. To date, various delivery formulations have been developed from cationic lipids, polymers, and/or inorganic nanoparticles for systemic siRNA delivery to solid tumors. Most of these delivery vehicles do not generate small particle sizes and pharmacokinetics required for accumulation in target cancer cells compared with clinically tested anticancer drug-loaded polymeric micelles. This review describes the significance of small, long-circulating vehicles for efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer tissues via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. We summarize recent biological evidence that supports the size effect of delivery vehicles in tumor microenvironments and introduce promising strategies for the construction of small vehicles with sizes of 10-50 nm. We then discuss the feasibility of these delivery vehicles with respect to translation to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Yu Yi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan.,CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanosciecne and Technology , No. 11 Beiyitiao , Zhongguancun, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Ahram Kim
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennoudai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8573 , Japan
| | - Kanjiro Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
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