1
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Li MR, Zheng MY, Wang DC, Guo HM. Pd-catalyzed 5- exo-dig cyclization/etherification cascade of N-propargyl arylamines for the synthesis of polysubstituted furans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:7721-7724. [PMID: 38967357 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
A method for the synthesis of furans bearing indoline skeletons was developed via an intramolecular palladium-catalyzed 5-exo-dig cyclization/etherification cascade of N-propargyl arylamines containing a 1,3-dicarbonyl side chain. This method realized the first capture of vinyl carbopalladiums by ketones as O-nucleophiles and showed a wide range of substrate tolerability affording trisubstituted furans in various yields. The enantioselective version for this domino process and diverse derivatizations of the reaction products were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Meng-Yao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Dong-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Hai-Ming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Pingyuan Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
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2
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Newton CG, Budwitz JE. Ring Forming Approaches to para-Quinones: Toward a General Diels–Alder Disconnection. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
para-Quinones feature extensively as targets and/or intermediates throughout a number of chemical and biological subdisciplines, highlighting the importance of efficient preparative methods. This Synpacts article provides an overview of ring forming approaches to para-hydroquinones and para-benzoquinones, concluding with our recent contribution concerning the development of 2,5-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)furans as vicinal bisketene equivalents in the Diels–Alder reaction.1 Introduction2 Ring Forming Approaches to para-Quinones2.1 Hauser–Kraus Annulation2.2 Moore–Liebeskind Rearrangement2.3 Wulff–Dötz Reaction2.4 Oxidative Bergman Cyclization2.5 Diels–Alder Strategies2.5.1 Ketene–Enol Equivalents2.5.2 Bisketene Equivalents3 Toward an Improved Bisketene Equivalent4 Conclusion
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3
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Zhang N, Jiang H, Ma Z. Concise Synthesis of (±)-Myrioneurinol Enabled by Sequential [2+2] Cycloaddition/Retro-Mannich Fragmentation/Mannich Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200085. [PMID: 35289970 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A concise total synthesis of (±)-myrioneurinol has been achieved in 14 steps. An efficient AgSbF6 /t-BuCl-catalyzed intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of the alkynone-tethered enamine was developed to prepare the highly strained cyclobutene. It was used in combination with a subsequent retro-Mannich fragmentation/Mannich reaction to efficiently construct the tricyclic core of myrioneurinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanping Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road-381, Guangzhou, 510641, P.R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road-381, Guangzhou, 510641, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road-381, Guangzhou, 510641, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P.R. China
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4
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Zhang N, Jiang H, Ma Z. Concise Synthesis of (±)‐Myrioneurinol Enabled by Sequential [2+2] Cycloaddition/Retro‐Mannich Fragmentation/Mannich Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nanping Zhang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Wushan Road-381 Guangzhou 510641 P.R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Wushan Road-381 Guangzhou 510641 P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Key Lab of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Wushan Road-381 Guangzhou 510641 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 P.R. China
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5
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Qiao Y, Bai S, Wu XF, Yang Y, Meng H, Ming J. Rhodium-Catalyzed Desymmetric Arylation of γ,γ-Disubsituted Cyclohexadienones: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral All-Carbon Quaternary Centers. Org Lett 2022; 24:1556-1560. [PMID: 35142218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The desymmetric arylation of prochiral cyclohexadienones with ArZnCl in the presence of an (R)-segphos-rhodium catalyst gave high yields of the corresponding cyclohexenones, which contain a chiral arylated carbon center at the β-position and a chiral all-carbon quaternary center at the γ-position, with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities. This catalytic system was also applied to the arylation of spirocarbocyclic cyclohexadienones and afforded the corresponding cyclohexenones bearing a chiral spiro quaternary carbon with high dr and ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Shiming Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - He Meng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Jialin Ming
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Inner Mongolia University, 235 West University Street, Hohhot 010021, China
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6
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Jiao MJ, Hu Q, Hu XQ, Xu PF. Visible-Light-Promoted Multistep Tandem Reaction of Vinyl Azides toward the Formation of 1-Tetralones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17156-17163. [PMID: 34794309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-driven multistep tandem reaction between vinyl azides and alkyl bromides has been developed leading to the formation of tetralone skeletons under mild conditions, which can be easily scaled up to the gram scale. Various 1-tetralone derivatives are synthesized and transformed into desired products in good to high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | | | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
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8
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Sohail M, Tanaka F. Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation of Racemic Diastereomers: Diastereo- and Enantioconvergent Michael-Henry Reactions to Afford Spirooxindoles Bearing Furan-Fused Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21256-21260. [PMID: 34236757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation (DYKAT) reactions of racemic diastereomer mixtures that afford the products as essentially single diastereomers with high enantioselectivities are described. We demonstrated the DYKAT in the diastereo- and enantioselective synthesis of spirooxindoles bearing furan-fused rings. The starting materials of the DYKAT, dihydrobenzofuranone derivatives, were synthesized in racemic diastereomer mixtures, and these were transformed to the spirooxindole derivatives in high yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivities through Michael-Henry cascade reactions with nitrostyrenes under organocatalytic conditions. In the reactions, regardless the stereochemistry of the starting materials, all the four isomers were transformed to single diastereomers with high enantioselectivities, and four new chiral centers were created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Fujie Tanaka
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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9
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Wang N, Wu Z, Wang J, Ullah N, Lu Y. Recent applications of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions in natural product synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:9766-9793. [PMID: 34286704 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01124j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed remarkable growth of asymmetric organocatalysis, which is now a firmly established synthetic tool, serving as a powerful platform for the production of chiral molecules. Ring structures are ubiquitous in organic compounds, and, in the context of natural product synthesis, strategic construction of ring motifs is often crucial, fundamentally impacting the eventual fate of the whole synthetic plan. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and updated summary of asymmetric organocatalytic annulation reactions; in particular, the application of these annulation strategies in natural product synthesis will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengzhong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
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10
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Sohail M, Tanaka F. Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformation of Racemic Diastereomers: Diastereo‐ and Enantioconvergent Michael–Henry Reactions to Afford Spirooxindoles Bearing Furan‐Fused Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha Onna Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
| | - Fujie Tanaka
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha Onna Okinawa 904-0495 Japan
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11
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Abstract
Natural products are the most effective source of potential drug leads. The total
synthesis of bioactive natural products plays a crucial role in confirming the hypothetical
complex structure of natural products in the laboratory. The total synthesis of rare bioactive
natural products is one of the great challenges for the organic synthetic community due to
their complex structures, biochemical specificity, and difficult stereochemistry. Subsequently,
the total synthesis is a long process in several cases, and it requires a substantial amount of
time. Microwave irradiation has emerged as a greener tool in organic methodologies to reduce
reaction time from days and hours to minutes and seconds. Moreover, this non-classical
methodology increases product yields and purities, improves reproducibility, modifications of
selectivity, simplification of work-up methods, and reduces unwanted side reactions. Such
beneficial qualities have stimulated this review to cover the application of microwave irradiation in the field of the
total synthesis of bioactive natural products for the first time during the last decade. An overview of the use of microwave
irradiation, natural sources, structures, and biological activities of secondary metabolites is presented elegantly,
focusing on the involvement of at least one or more steps by microwave irradiation as a green technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG Department), Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Raniganj, Kazi Nazrul University, West Bengal- 713347, India
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12
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Lu XL, Qiu Y, Yang B, He H, Gao S. Asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-xestoquinone and (+)-adociaquinones A and B. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4747-4752. [PMID: 34168753 PMCID: PMC8179641 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07089k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-xestoquinone and (+)-adociaquinones A and B was achieved in 6-7 steps using an easily accessible meso-cyclohexadienone derivative. The [6,6]-bicyclic decalin B-C ring and the all-carbon quaternary stereocenter at C-6 were prepared via a desymmetric intramolecular Michael reaction with up to 97% ee. The naphthalene diol D-E ring was constructed through a sequence of Ti(Oi-Pr)4-promoted photoenolization/Diels-Alder, dehydration, and aromatization reactions. This asymmetric strategy provides a scalable route to prepare target molecules and their derivatives for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Yuanyou Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Baochao Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University 3663N Zhongshan Road Shanghai 200062 China
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13
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Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have gained attention in the field of catalysis due to their unique molecular properties. Central to MIMs, rotaxanes are highly promising and attractive supramolecular catalysts due to their unique three-dimensional structures and the flexibility of their subcomponents. This Minireview discusses the use of rotaxanes in organocatalysis and transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carel Kwamen
- Faculty of ChemistryOrganic Chemistry and Center for NanointegrationDuisburg- Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 745141EssenGermany
| | - Jochen Niemeyer
- Faculty of ChemistryOrganic Chemistry and Center for NanointegrationDuisburg- Essen (CENIDE)University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitätsstrasse 745141EssenGermany
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14
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Hu Y, Bai M, Yang Y, Tian J, Zhou Q. Rapid Access to Tetracyclic Core of Wortmannin via an Intramolecular Reductive Olefin Coupling Strategy. Org Lett 2020; 22:6308-6312. [PMID: 32806191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A convergent approach to assemble the fused BCDE tetracyclic framework of wortmannin is presented. This route features a very challenging Suzuki-Miyaura coupling to prepare the fully functionalized furan intermediate, a Negishi-type acylation to unite the two enantio-enriched fragments, and a subsequent hydrogen-atom-transfer-initiated 6-endo radical cyclization to install the central cyclohexadienone moiety, which establishes the C10 all-carbon quaternary stereocenter.
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15
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Fernandes RA, Kumar P, Choudhary P. Advances in catalytic and protecting-group-free total synthesis of natural products: a recent update. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8569-8590. [PMID: 32537619 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic processes in protecting-group-free syntheses of natural products are fast emerging towards achieving the goal of efficiency and economy in total synthesis. Present day sustainable development in synthesis of natural products does not permit the luxury of using stoichiometric reagents and protecting groups. Catalysis and step-economy can contribute significantly toward economy and efficiency of synthesis. This feature article details the ingenious efforts by many researchers in the last couple of years toward concise total syntheses, based on catalytic steps and protecting-group-free-strategies. These would again serve as guidelines in future development of reagents and catalysts aimed at achieving higher efficiency and chemoselectivity to the point that catalysis and protecting-group-free synthesis will be an accepted common practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
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16
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Matulja D, Wittine K, Malatesti N, Laclef S, Turks M, Markovic MK, Ambrožić G, Marković D. Marine Natural Products with High Anticancer Activities. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1243-1307. [PMID: 31931690 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200113154115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review covers recent literature from 2012-2019 concerning 170 marine natural products and their semisynthetic analogues with strong anticancer biological activities. Reports that shed light on cellular and molecular mechanisms and biological functions of these compounds, thus advancing the understanding in cancer biology are also included. Biosynthetic studies and total syntheses, which have provided access to derivatives and have contributed to the proper structure or stereochemistry elucidation or revision are mentioned. The natural compounds isolated from marine organisms are divided into nine groups, namely: alkaloids, sterols and steroids, glycosides, terpenes and terpenoids, macrolides, polypeptides, quinones, phenols and polyphenols, and miscellaneous products. An emphasis is placed on several drugs originating from marine natural products that have already been marketed or are currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Matulja
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Karlo Wittine
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nela Malatesti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sylvain Laclef
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agro-ressources (LG2A), CNRS FRE 3517, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Maris Turks
- Faculty of Material Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, P. Valdena Str. 3, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
| | - Maria Kolympadi Markovic
- Department of Physics, and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Gabriela Ambrožić
- Department of Physics, and Center for Micro- and Nanosciences and Technologies, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dean Marković
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ji
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Haibing He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuanhu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, 3663N Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
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18
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Diaz-Muñoz G, Miranda IL, Sartori SK, de Rezende DC, Alves Nogueira Diaz M. Use of chiral auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis of biologically active compounds: A review. Chirality 2019; 31:776-812. [PMID: 31418934 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This review article describes the use of some of the most popular chiral auxiliaries in the asymmetric synthesis of biologically active compounds. Chiral auxiliaries derived from naturally occurring compounds, such as amino acids, carbohydrates, and terpenes, are considered essential tools for the construction of highly complex molecules. We highlight the auxiliaries of Evans, Corey, Yamada, Enders, Oppolzer, and Kunz, which led to remarkable progress in asymmetric synthesis in the last decades and continue to bring advances until the present day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspar Diaz-Muñoz
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Izabel Luzia Miranda
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Suélen Karine Sartori
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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19
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Abstract
Heterocycles are very common substructures in a number of pharmaceuticals. Over the past several years, the use of palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization for heterocyclic synthesis has become much more prevalent. This review collects recent reports using palladium catalysis to synthesize a wide variety of heterocyclic scaffolds. Many of these reactions use oxygen as the terminal oxidant. Some salient mechanistic features are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, State University, AR, United States
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20
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21
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Singh DK, Prasad SS, Kim J, Kim I. One-pot, three-component approach to diarylacetonitriles. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Described herein is a novel one-pot, three-component reaction where aldehydes, electron-rich arenes, and TMSCN in the presence of BF3-OEt2 allowed direct access to a number of diarylacetonitriles under mild reaction conditions in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep Kumar Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Yonsei University
- Incheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sure Siva Prasad
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Yonsei University
- Incheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwang Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Yonsei University
- Incheon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ikyon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Yonsei University
- Incheon
- Republic of Korea
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22
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23
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Li X, Carter RG. Total Syntheses of Aromatic Abietane Diterpenoids Utilizing Advances in the Pummerer Rearrangement. Org Lett 2018; 20:5546-5549. [PMID: 30199260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of triptobenzene T, vitexifolin C, 4- epi-triptobenzene L, triptobenzene L, and nepetaefolin F have been accomplished through an enantioselective, common intermediate approach and have enabled the confirmation and/or establishment of the absolute stereochemistry of each natural product synthesized. Application of three new and/or underutilized Pummerer reaction pathways proved critical to the synthetic work. A proline sulfonamide-catalyzed Yamada-Otani reaction was used to access the highly functionalized cyclohexane A ring core, including the C10 all-carbon quaternary stereocenter. Additionally, the importance of the A ring unsaturation for controlling the stereoselectivity during the C4 alkylation is showcased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Rich G Carter
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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Li X, Carter RG. Pummerer Cyclization Revisited: Unraveling of Acyl Oxonium Ion and Vinyl Sulfide Pathways. Org Lett 2018; 20:5541-5545. [PMID: 30199264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two viable pathways (vinyl sulfide and acyl oxonium ion) for the Pummerer cyclization have been unraveled that expand the reaction scope and capabilities. Use of Brønsted- enhanced Lewis acidity was key to realization of the vinyl sulfide pathway, whereas selective complexation of the sulfur lone pair facilitated the unprecedented acyl oxonium ion pathway. Preliminary mechanistic investigations support these hypotheses. A range of substrates have been explored to understand the reaction parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Rich G Carter
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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