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Ansari S, Bianconi S, Kang CM, Mohseni H. From Material to Cameras: Low-Dimensional Photodetector Arrays on CMOS. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300595. [PMID: 37501320 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in research on low-dimensional material with exceptional optoelectronic properties. While low-dimensional materials offer exciting new opportunities for imaging, their integration in practical applications has been slow. In fact, most existing reports are based on single-pixel devices that cannot rival the quantity and quality of information provided by massively parallelized mega-pixel imagers based on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) readout electronics. The first goal of this review is to present new opportunities in producing high-resolution cameras using these new materials. New photodetection methods and materials in the field are presented, and the challenges involved in their integration on CMOS chips for making high-resolution cameras are discussed. Practical approaches are then presented to address these challenges and methods to integrate low-dimensional material on CMOS. It is also shown that such integrations could be used for ultra-low noise and massively parallel testing of new material and devices. The second goal of this review is to present the colossal untapped potential of low-dimensional material in enabling the next-generation of low-cost and high-performance cameras. It is proposed that low-dimensional materials have the natural ability to create excellent bio-inspired artificial imaging systems with unique features such as in-pixel computing, multi-band imaging, and curved retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ansari
- Electrical and Computer Engneering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Simone Bianconi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Photonic Semiconductor Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju, 61007, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooman Mohseni
- Electrical and Computer Engneering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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2
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Li J, Yuan Y, Lanza M, Abate I, Tian B, Zhang X. Nonepitaxial Wafer-Scale Single-Crystal 2D Materials on Insulators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310921. [PMID: 38118051 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation nanodevices require 2D material synthesis on insulating substrates. However, growing high-quality 2D-layered materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene, on insulators is challenging owing to the lack of suitable metal catalysts, imperfect lattice matching with substrates, and other factors. Therefore, developing a generally applicable approach for realizing high-quality 2D layers on insulators remains crucial, despite numerous strategies being explored. Herein, a universal strategy is introduced for the nonepitaxial synthesis of wafer-scale single-crystal 2D materials on arbitrary insulating substrates. The metal foil in a nonadhered metal-insulator substrate system is almost melted by a brief high-temperature treatment, thereby pressing the as-grown 2D layers to well attach onto the insulators. High-quality, large-area, single-crystal, monolayer hBN and graphene films are synthesized on various insulating substrates. This strategy provides new pathways for synthesizing various 2D materials on arbitrary insulators and offers a universal epitaxial platform for future single-crystal film production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhu Li
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yue Yuan
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Lanza
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iwnetim Abate
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 97420, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 97420, USA
| | - Bo Tian
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xixiang Zhang
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Song I. Novel electrodes and gate dielectrics for
field‐effect
transistors based on
two‐dimensional
materials. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Intek Song
- Department of Applied Chemistry Andong National University (ANU) Andong Gyeongbuk Republic of Korea
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4
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Shan J, Fang S, Wang W, Zhao W, Zhang R, Liu B, Lin L, Jiang B, Ci H, Liu R, Wang W, Yang X, Guo W, Rümmeli MH, Guo W, Sun J, Liu Z. Copper acetate-facilitated transfer-free growth of high-quality graphene for hydrovoltaic generators. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwab169. [PMID: 35967588 PMCID: PMC9370374 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Direct synthesis of high-quality graphene on dielectric substrates without a transfer process is of vital importance for a variety of applications. Current strategies for boosting high-quality graphene growth, such as remote metal catalyzation, are limited by poor performance with respect to the release of metal catalysts and hence suffer from a problem with metal residues. Herein, we report an effective approach that utilizes a metal-containing species, copper acetate, to continuously supply copper clusters in a gaseous form to aid transfer-free growth of graphene over a wafer scale. The thus-derived graphene films were found to show reduced multilayer density and improved electrical performance and exhibited a carrier mobility of 8500 cm2 V−1 s−1. Furthermore, droplet-based hydrovoltaic electricity generator devices based on directly grown graphene were found to exhibit robust voltage output and long cyclic stability, in stark contrast to their counterparts based on transferred graphene, demonstrating the potential for emerging energy harvesting applications. The work presented here offers a promising solution to organize the metal catalytic booster toward transfer-free synthesis of high-quality graphene and enable smart energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Shan
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Sunmiao Fang
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016 , China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Bei Jiang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Haina Ci
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
| | - Ruojuan Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Wen Wang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
| | - Wenyue Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Mark H Rümmeli
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016 , China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations (SIEMIS), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006 , China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI) , Beijing 100095 , China
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5
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Cho U, Kim S, Shin CY, Song I. Tabletop Fabrication of High-Performance MoS 2 Field-Effect Transistors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:21220-21224. [PMID: 35755343 PMCID: PMC9219050 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple way to prepare field-effect transistors (FETs) using MoS2 on tabletop is presented. Conductive silver paste was applied onto chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown MoS2 as Ohmic-contact electrodes. Heating the device in vacuum further enhances the performance without damage. The final performance is comparable to that of the SiO2-backgated devices prepared by lithography and metal evaporators. The role of the silver paste and heat treatment in vacuum is investigated by device and spectroscopic analysis.
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6
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Zhang R, Li M, Li L, Fan Y, Zhang Q, Yu G, Geng D, Hu W. The way towards for ultraflat and superclean graphene. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Menghan Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Faculty of Science Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Dechao Geng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Wenping Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin P. R. China
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7
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Abstract
A surface alloy is a surface-confined mixture of metals that are immiscible in bulk. It has unique chemical properties that can be utilized in various catalytic and synthetic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intek Song
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Andong National University
- Andong
- Republic of Korea
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8
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Vishwakarma R, Zhu R, Abuelwafa AA, Mabuchi Y, Adhikari S, Ichimura S, Soga T, Umeno M. Direct Synthesis of Large-Area Graphene on Insulating Substrates at Low Temperature using Microwave Plasma CVD. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11263-11270. [PMID: 31460228 PMCID: PMC6648798 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
With a combination of outstanding properties and a wide spectrum of applications, graphene has emerged as a significant nanomaterial. However, to realize its full potential for practical applications, a number of obstacles have to be overcome, such as low-temperature, transfer-free growth on desired substrates. In most of the reports, direct graphene growth is confined to either a small area or high sheet resistance. Here, an attempt has been made to grow large-area graphene directly on insulating substrates, such as quartz and glass, using magnetron-generated microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition at a substrate temperature of 300 °C with a sheet resistance of 1.3k Ω/□ and transmittance of 80%. Graphene is characterized using Raman microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, optical imaging, UV-vis spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Four-probe resistivity and Hall effect measurements were performed to investigate electronic properties. Key to this report is the use of 0.3 sccm CO2 during growth to put a control over vertical graphene growth, generally forming carbon walls, and 15-20 min of O3 treatment on as-synthesized graphene to improve sheet carrier mobility and transmittance. This report can be helpful in growing large-area graphene directly on insulating transparent substrates at low temperatures with advanced electronic properties for applications in transparent conducting electrodes and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riteshkumar Vishwakarma
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
- E-mail: (R.V.)
| | - Rucheng Zhu
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
| | - Amr Attia Abuelwafa
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
| | - Yota Mabuchi
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
- Department
of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Sudip Adhikari
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Chubu University, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
| | - Susumu Ichimura
- Nagoya
Industry Promotion Corporation, 3-4-41 Rokuban, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya 4560058, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Soga
- Department
of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Umeno
- C’s
Techno Inc., Co-operative Research Center for Advanced Technology, Nagoya Science Park, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 4630003, Japan
- E-mail: (M.U.)
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9
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Song I, Choi HC. Revealing the Role of Gold in the Growth of Two-Dimensional Molybdenum Disulfide by Surface Alloy Formation. Chemistry 2019; 25:2337-2344. [PMID: 30489664 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The formation of Mo/Au surface alloy during Au-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of MoS2 is confirmed by a series of control experiments. A metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) system is adapted to conduct two-dimensional MoS2 growth in a controlled environment. Sequential injection of Mo and S precursors, which does not yield any MoS2 on SiO2 /Si, grows atomically thin MoS2 on Au, indicating the formation of an alloy phase. Transmission electron microscopy of a cross-section of the specimen confirms the confinement of the alloy phase near the surface only. These results show that the reaction intermediate is the surface alloy, and that the role of Au in the Au-assisted CVD is the formation of an atomically thin reservoir of Mo near the surface. This mechanism is clearly distinguished from that of MOCVD, which does not involve the formation of any alloy phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intek Song
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Hee Cheul Choi
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, Korea
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