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Matthaios VN, Holland I, Kang CM, Hart JE, Hauptman M, Wolfson JM, Gaffin JM, Phipatanakul W, Gold DR, Koutrakis P. The effects of urban green space and road proximity to indoor traffic-related PM 2.5, NO 2, and BC exposure in inner-city schools. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2024:10.1038/s41370-024-00669-8. [PMID: 38615139 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-024-00669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since there are known adverse health impacts of traffic-related air pollution, while at the same time there are potential health benefits from greenness, it is important to examine more closely the impacts of these factors on indoor air quality in urban schools. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the association of road proximity and urban greenness to indoor traffic-related fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and black carbon (BC) in inner-city schools. METHODS PM2.5, NO2, and BC were measured indoors at 74 schools and outdoors at a central urban over a 10-year period. Seasonal urban greenness was estimated using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) with 270 and 1230 m buffers. The associations between indoor traffic-related air pollution and road proximity and greenness were investigated with mixed-effects models. RESULTS The analysis showed linear decays of indoor traffic-related PM2.5, NO2, and BC by 60%, 35%, and 22%, respectively for schools located at a greater distance from major roads. The results further showed that surrounding school greenness at 270 m buffer was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with lower indoor traffic-related PM2.5: -0.068 (95% CI: -0.124, -0.013), NO2: -0.139 (95% CI: -0.185, -0.092), and BC: -0.060 (95% CI: -0.115, -0.005). These associations were stronger for surrounding greenness at a greater distance from the schools (buffer 1230 m) PM2.5: -0.101 (95% CI: -0.156, -0.046) NO2: -0.122 (95% CI: -0.169, -0.075) BC: -0.080 (95% CI: -0.136, -0.026). These inverse associations were stronger after fully adjusting for regional pollution and meteorological conditions. IMPACT STATEMENT More than 90% of children under the age of 15 worldwide are exposed to elevated air pollution levels exceeding the WHO's guidelines. The study investigates the impact that urban infrastructure and greenness, in particular green areas and road proximity, have on indoor exposures to traffic-related PM2.5, NO2, and BC in inner-city schools. By examining a 10-year period the study provides insights for air quality management, into how road proximity and greenness at different buffers from the school locations can affect indoor exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- V N Matthaios
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Public Health Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - I Holland
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J E Hart
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Hauptman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Wolfson
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Gaffin
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Phipatanakul
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D R Gold
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P Koutrakis
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Ansari S, Bianconi S, Kang CM, Mohseni H. From Material to Cameras: Low-Dimensional Photodetector Arrays on CMOS. Small Methods 2024; 8:e2300595. [PMID: 37501320 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a dramatic increase in research on low-dimensional material with exceptional optoelectronic properties. While low-dimensional materials offer exciting new opportunities for imaging, their integration in practical applications has been slow. In fact, most existing reports are based on single-pixel devices that cannot rival the quantity and quality of information provided by massively parallelized mega-pixel imagers based on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) readout electronics. The first goal of this review is to present new opportunities in producing high-resolution cameras using these new materials. New photodetection methods and materials in the field are presented, and the challenges involved in their integration on CMOS chips for making high-resolution cameras are discussed. Practical approaches are then presented to address these challenges and methods to integrate low-dimensional material on CMOS. It is also shown that such integrations could be used for ultra-low noise and massively parallel testing of new material and devices. The second goal of this review is to present the colossal untapped potential of low-dimensional material in enabling the next-generation of low-cost and high-performance cameras. It is proposed that low-dimensional materials have the natural ability to create excellent bio-inspired artificial imaging systems with unique features such as in-pixel computing, multi-band imaging, and curved retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ansari
- Electrical and Computer Engneering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Simone Bianconi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Photonic Semiconductor Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwangju, 61007, Republic of Korea
| | - Hooman Mohseni
- Electrical and Computer Engneering Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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3
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Park JW, Park JE, Kim SR, Sim MK, Kang CM, Kim KS. Metformin alleviates ionizing radiation-induced senescence by restoring BARD1-mediated DNA repair in human aortic endothelial cells. Exp Gerontol 2022; 160:111706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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4
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Oh YS, Kim JH, Xie Z, Cho S, Han H, Jeon SW, Park M, Namkoong M, Avila R, Song Z, Lee SU, Ko K, Lee J, Lee JS, Min WG, Lee BJ, Choi M, Chung HU, Kim J, Han M, Koo J, Choi YS, Kwak SS, Kim SB, Kim J, Choi J, Kang CM, Kim JU, Kwon K, Won SM, Baek JM, Lee Y, Kim SY, Lu W, Vazquez-Guardado A, Jeong H, Ryu H, Lee G, Kim K, Kim S, Kim MS, Choi J, Choi DY, Yang Q, Zhao H, Bai W, Jang H, Yu Y, Lim J, Guo X, Kim BH, Jeon S, Davies C, Banks A, Sung HJ, Huang Y, Park I, Rogers JA. Author Correction: Battery-free, wireless soft sensors for continuous multi-site measurements of pressure and temperature from patients at risk for pressure injuries. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6827. [PMID: 34795252 PMCID: PMC8602244 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Suk Oh
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Seokjoo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Jeon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Minsu Park
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Myeong Namkoong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Sung-Uk Lee
- Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Je-Sang Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon Gi Min
- Department of Planning and Development, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan national university hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jongwon Kim
- Sibel Health Inc, Niles, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Mengdi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jahyun Koo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Choi
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sung Bong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungil Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongha Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Won
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Janice Mihyun Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Abraham Vazquez-Guardado
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hanjun Ryu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kyuyoung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungrak Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Choi
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Yeongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Quansan Yang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hangbo Zhao
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hokyung Jang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Jaeman Lim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China.,Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Bong Hoon Kim
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles Davies
- Carle Neuroscience Institute, Carle, Physician Group, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anthony Banks
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hyung Jin Sung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - John A Rogers
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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5
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Oh YS, Kim JH, Xie Z, Cho S, Han H, Jeon SW, Park M, Namkoong M, Avila R, Song Z, Lee SU, Ko K, Lee J, Lee JS, Min WG, Lee BJ, Choi M, Chung HU, Kim J, Han M, Koo J, Choi YS, Kwak SS, Kim SB, Kim J, Choi J, Kang CM, Kim JU, Kwon K, Won SM, Baek JM, Lee Y, Kim SY, Lu W, Vazquez-Guardado A, Jeong H, Ryu H, Lee G, Kim K, Kim S, Kim MS, Choi J, Choi DY, Yang Q, Zhao H, Bai W, Jang H, Yu Y, Lim J, Guo X, Kim BH, Jeon S, Davies C, Banks A, Sung HJ, Huang Y, Park I, Rogers JA. Battery-free, wireless soft sensors for continuous multi-site measurements of pressure and temperature from patients at risk for pressure injuries. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5008. [PMID: 34429436 PMCID: PMC8385057 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Capabilities for continuous monitoring of pressures and temperatures at critical skin interfaces can help to guide care strategies that minimize the potential for pressure injuries in hospitalized patients or in individuals confined to the bed. This paper introduces a soft, skin-mountable class of sensor system for this purpose. The design includes a pressure-responsive element based on membrane deflection and a battery-free, wireless mode of operation capable of multi-site measurements at strategic locations across the body. Such devices yield continuous, simultaneous readings of pressure and temperature in a sequential readout scheme from a pair of primary antennas mounted under the bedding and connected to a wireless reader and a multiplexer located at the bedside. Experimental evaluation of the sensor and the complete system includes benchtop measurements and numerical simulations of the key features. Clinical trials involving two hemiplegic patients and a tetraplegic patient demonstrate the feasibility, functionality and long-term stability of this technology in operating hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Suk Oh
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Seokjoo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Jeon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Minsu Park
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Myeong Namkoong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Raudel Avila
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Zhen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Sung-Uk Lee
- Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Je-Sang Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon Gi Min
- Department of Planning and Development, Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation & Convalescent Hospital, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Ju Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan national university hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jongwon Kim
- Sibel Health Inc, Niles, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Mengdi Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jahyun Koo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Sik Choi
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sung Bong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jeonghyun Kim
- Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungil Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jong Uk Kim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongha Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Won
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Janice Mihyun Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Abraham Vazquez-Guardado
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hanjun Ryu
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Geumbee Lee
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Kyuyoung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungrak Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Choi
- Biomedical Manufacturing Technology Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Yeongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Quansan Yang
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hangbo Zhao
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wubin Bai
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hokyung Jang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Jaeman Lim
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Bong Hoon Kim
- Department of Organic Materials and Fiber Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwoo Jeon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles Davies
- Carle Neuroscience Institute, Carle, Physician Group, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anthony Banks
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Hyung Jin Sung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Inkyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - John A Rogers
- Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury (KINC), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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6
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Kim SR, Heo JI, Park JW, Kang CM, Kim KS. Radiation-induced lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 increases lysophosphatidylcholine and induces endothelial cell damage. Toxicology 2021; 458:152841. [PMID: 34216699 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The cardiotoxicity of various anticancer therapies, including radiotherapy, can lead to cardiovascular complications. These complications can range from damaging cardiac tissues within the irradiation field to increasing the long-term risks of developing heart failure, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. We analyzed radiation-induced metabolites capable of mediating critical biological processes, such as inflammation, senescence, and apoptosis. Previously, by applying QTOF-MASS analysis to irradiated human fibroblasts, we identified that metabolite sets of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) were increased in these cells. In this study, radiation-induced LPC accumulation in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase staining, in addition to decreasing their tube-forming ability. Knockdown of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) with small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited the increased LPC production induced by radiation, and reduced the radiation-induced cell damage produced by ROS and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Lp-PLA2 depletion abolished the induction of proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, as well as adhesion molecules, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and E-selection. Likewise, we showed that Lp-PLA2 expression was upregulated in the vasculature of irradiated rat, resulting in increased LPC production and LDL oxidation. Our data demonstrate that radiation-induced LPC production is a potential risk factor for cardiotoxicity that is mediated by Lp-PLA2 activity, suggesting that LPC and Lp-PLA2 offer potential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular damage during radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ra Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea; School of Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ik Heo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea; School of Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Seok Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea; School of Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Lee JY, Min JH, Bae SY, Park MD, Jeong WL, Park JH, Kang CM, Lee DS. Multiple epitaxial lateral overgrowth of GaN thin films using a patterned graphene mask by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576720012856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) thin films were grown using a graphene mask via multiple epitaxial lateral overgrowth (multiple-ELOG). During the growth process, the graphene mask self-decomposed to enable the emergence of a GaN film with a thickness of several hundred nanometres. This is in contrast to selective area growth of GaN using an SiO2 mask leading to the well known hexagonal-pyramid shape under the same growth conditions. The multiple-ELOG GaN had a single-crystalline wurtzite structure corresponding to the crystallinity of the GaN template, which was confirmed with electron backscatter diffraction measurements. An X-ray diffraction rocking curve of the asymmetric 102 reflection showed that the FWHM for the multiple-ELOG GaN decreased to 405 from 540′′ for the underlying GaN template. From these results, the self-decomposition of the graphene mask during ELOG was experimentally proven to be affected by the GaN decomposition rather than the high-temperature/H2 growth conditions.
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8
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Geum DM, Kim SK, Kang CM, Moon SH, Kyhm J, Han J, Lee DS, Kim S. Strategy toward the fabrication of ultrahigh-resolution micro-LED displays by bonding-interface-engineered vertical stacking and surface passivation. Nanoscale 2019; 11:23139-23148. [PMID: 31560000 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04423j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a strategy to fabricate vertically stacked subpixel (VSS) micro-light-emitting diodes (μ-LEDs) for future ultrahigh-resolution microdisplays. At first, to vertically stack the LED with different colors, we successfully adopted a bonding-interface-engineered monolithic integration method using SiO2/SiNx distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). It was found that an intermediate DBR structure could be used as the bonding layer and color filter, which could reflect and transmit desired wavelengths through the bonding interface. Furthermore, the optically pumped μ-LED array with a pitch of 0.4 μm corresponding to the ultrahigh-resolution of 63 500 PPI could be successfully fabricated using a typical semiconductor process, including electron-beam lithography. Compared with the pick-and-place strategy (limited by machine alignment accuracy), the proposed strategy leads to the fabrication of significantly improved high-density μ-LEDs. Finally, we systematically investigated the effects of surface traps using time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and two-dimensional simulations. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that performance improvements could be possible by employing optimal passivation techniques by diminishing the pixel size for fabricating low-power and highly efficient microdisplays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Myeong Geum
- Information and Electronics Research Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daehak-ro 291, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Baek JH, Yun HS, Kwon GT, Kim JY, Lee CW, Song JY, Um HD, Kang CM, Park JK, Kim JS, Kim EH, Hwang SG. PLOD3 promotes lung metastasis via regulation of STAT3. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1138. [PMID: 30442941 PMCID: PMC6237925 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase (PLOD3), a membrane-bound homodimeric enzyme, hydroxylates lysyl residues in collagen-like peptides; however, its role in lung cancer is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of PLOD3 as a pro-metastatic factor and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. First, we experimentally confirmed the release of PLOD3 in circulation in animal models, rendering it a potential serum biomarker for lung cancer in humans. Thereafter, we investigated the effects of PLOD3 overexpression and downregulation on cancer cell invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo, using human lung cancer cell lines and a mouse tumor xenograft model, respectively. Further, PLOD3 levels were determined in lung tissue samples from lung cancer patients. Functional analyses revealed that PLOD3 interacts with STAT3, thereby expressing matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and with urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) to enhance tumor metastasis. PLOD3 and the STAT3 pathway were significantly correlated in the metastatic foci of lung cancer patients; PLOD3–STAT3 levels were highly correlated with a poor prognosis. These results indicate that PLOD3 promotes lung cancer metastasis in a RAS-MAP kinase pathway-independent manner. Therefore, secreted PLOD3 serves as a potent inducer of lung cancer metastasis and a potential therapeutic target to enhance survival in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Baek
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Hong Shik Yun
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Gyoo Taik Kwon
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 440-746, Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea
| | - Eun Ho Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea.
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Korea.
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Lee EJ, Hwang I, Lee JY, Park JN, Kim KC, Kim GH, Kang CM, Kim I, Lee SY, Kim HS. Hepatocyte Growth Factor Improves the Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via RAD51. Mol Ther 2017; 26:845-859. [PMID: 29398486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hE-MSCs) have greater proliferative capacity than other human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), suggesting that they may have wider applications in regenerative cellular therapy. In this study, to uncover the anti-senescence mechanism in hE-MSCs, we compared hE-MSCs with adult bone marrow (hBM-MSCs) and found that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was more abundantly expressed in hE-MSCs than in hBM-MSCs and that it induced the transcription of RAD51 and facilitated its SUMOylation at K70. RAD51 induction/modification by HGF not only increased telomere length but also increased mtDNA replication, leading to increased ATP generation. Moreover, HGF-treated hBM-MSCs showed significantly better therapeutic efficacy than naive hBM-MSCs. Together, the data suggest that the RAD51-mediated effects of HGF prevent hMSC senescence by promoting telomere lengthening and inducing mtDNA replication and function, which opens the prospect of developing novel therapies for liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Injoo Hwang
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Nam Park
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Cheon Kim
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hwan Kim
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Irene Kim
- Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yeon Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Kang CM, Kang SJ, Mun SH, Choi SY, Min JH, Kim S, Shim JP, Lee DS. Monolithic integration of AlGaInP-based red and InGaN-based green LEDs via adhesive bonding for multicolor emission. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10333. [PMID: 28871141 PMCID: PMC5583240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In general, to realize full color, inorganic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are diced from respective red-green-blue (RGB) wafers consisting of inorganic crystalline semiconductors. Although this conventional method can realize full color, it is limited when applied to microdisplays requiring high resolution. Designing a structure emitting various colors by integrating both AlGaInP-based and InGaN-based LEDs onto one substrate could be a solution to achieve full color with high resolution. Herein, we introduce adhesive bonding and a chemical wet etching process to monolithically integrate two materials with different bandgap energies for green and red light emission. We successfully transferred AlGaInP-based red LED film onto InGaN-based green LEDs without any cracks or void areas and then separated the green and red subpixel LEDs in a lateral direction; the dual color LEDs integrated by the bonding technique were tunable from the green to red color regions (530–630 nm) as intended. In addition, we studied vertically stacked subpixel LEDs by deeply analyzing their light absorption and the interaction between the top and bottom pixels to achieve ultra-high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mo Kang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Kang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Mun
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Soo-Young Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Jung-Hong Min
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Korea
| | - Jae-Phil Shim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Korea.
| | - Dong-Seon Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
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12
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Kang CM, Kong DJ, Shim JP, Kim S, Choi SB, Lee JY, Min JH, Seo DJ, Choi SY, Lee DS. Fabrication of a vertically-stacked passive-matrix micro-LED array structure for a dual color display. Opt Express 2017. [PMID: 29519094 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.002489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a color tunable display consisting of two passive-matrix micro-LED array chips. The device has combined vertically stacked blue and green passive-matrix LED array chips sandwiched by a transparent bonding material. We demonstrate that vertically stacked blue and green micro-pixels are independently controllable with operation of four color modes. Moreover, the color of each pixel is tunable in the entire wavelength from the blue to green region (450 nm - 540 nm) by applying pulse-width-modulation bias voltage. This study is meaningful in that a dual color micro-LED array with a vertically stacked subpixel structure is realized.
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13
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Kang WG, Pyo SH, Alkhuraiji TS, Han BS, Kang CM. Radiation shielding analysis of a special linear accelerator for electron beam and X-ray. J Xray Sci Technol 2017; 25:505-514. [PMID: 28157115 DOI: 10.3233/xst-16196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The King AbdulAziz City for Science & Technology in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia plans to build a 10 MeV, 15 kW linear accelerator (LINAC) for electron beam and X-ray. The accelerator will be supplied by EB Tech, Republic of Korea, and the design and construction of the accelerator building will be conducted in the cooperation with EB Tech. This report presents the shielding analysis of the accelerator building using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP). In order to improve the accuracy in estimating deep radiation penetration and to reduce computation time, various variance reduction techniques, including the weight window (WW) method, the deterministic transport (DXTRAN) spheres were considered. Radiation levels were estimated at selected locations in the shielding facility running MCNP6 for particle histories up to 1.0×10+8. The final results indicated that the calculated doses at all selected detector locations met the dose requirement of 50 mSv/yr, which is the United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U.S. NRC) requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Kang
- EB Tech Co., Ltd., 170-9, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Pyo
- EB Tech Co., Ltd., 170-9, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - T S Alkhuraiji
- King AbdulAziz City for Science & Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - B S Han
- EB Tech Co., Ltd., 170-9, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Kang
- EB Tech Co., Ltd., 170-9, Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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14
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Abstract
Three in vitro dose calibration curves for biodosimetry such as dicentric chromosome assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay for translocation, and micronuclei (MNs) in binucleated cell assay were established after exposure to ionizing radiation. Peripheral blood lymphocyte samples obtained from healthy donors were irradiated with 60Co source at a dose rate of 0.5 Gy/min to doses of 0.1–6 Gy. The results from three in vitro dose calibration curves for biodosimetry were analyzed to understand the relationship among biodosimetry assay techniques. Our comparison demonstrates that there is a very strong positive correlation among the dicentric assay, FISH, and MNs analysis, and these three biodosimetry assays strongly support the in vitro dose reconstruction and the emergency preparedness of public or occupational radiation overexposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yun
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Kim
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Gyeonggi-do 13605, Republic of Korea
| | - Cha Soon Kim
- Radiation Epidemiology Team, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co., Gyeonggi-do 13605, Republic of Korea
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Kang CM, Seong Hyeon J, Ra Kim S, Kyeong Lee E, Jin Yun H, Young Kim S, Kee Chae Y. Application of NMR Spectroscopy in the Assessment of Radiation Dose in Human Primary Cells. Chem Biodivers 2016; 12:1696-705. [PMID: 26567947 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201400431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We employed the primary cell model system as a first step toward establishing a method to assess the influence of ionizing radiation by using a combination of common and abundant metabolites. We applied X-ray irradiation amounts of 0, 1, and 5 Gy to the cells that were harvested 24, 48, or 72 h later, and profiled metabolites by 2D-NMR spectroscopy to sort out candidate molecules that could be used to distinguish the samples under different irradiation conditions. We traced metabolites stemming from the input ¹³C-glucose, identified twelve of them from the cell extracts, and applied statistical analysis to find out that all the metabolites, including glycine, alanine, and gluatamic acid, increased upon irradiation. The combinatorial use of the selected metabolites showed promising results where the product of signal intensities of alanine and lactate could differentiate samples according to the dose of X-ray irradiation. We hope that this work can form a base for treating radiation-poisoned patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seong Hyeon
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, Seoul 143 - 747, Republic of Korea, (phone: +82-2-3408-3748; fax: +82-2-3408-4317)
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yun
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Chae
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, Seoul 143 - 747, Republic of Korea, (phone: +82-2-3408-3748; fax: +82-2-3408-4317)
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Jang WG, Park JY, Lee J, Bang E, Kim SR, Lee EK, Yun HJ, Kang CM, Hwang GS. Investigation of relative metabolic changes in the organs and plasma of rats exposed to X-ray radiation using HR-MAS (1)H NMR and solution (1)H NMR. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:507-518. [PMID: 26871685 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Excess exposure to ionizing radiation generates reactive oxygen species and increases the cellular inflammatory response by modifying various metabolic pathways. However, an investigation of metabolic perturbations and organ-specific responses based on the amount of radiation during the acute phase has not been conducted. In this study, high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HR-MAS) NMR and solution NMR-based metabolic profiling were used to investigate dose-dependent metabolic changes in multiple organs and tissues--including the jejunum, spleen, liver, and plasma--of rats exposed to X-ray radiation. The organs, tissues, and blood samples were obtained 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to low-dose (2 Gy) and high-dose (6 Gy) X-ray radiation and subjected to metabolite profiling and multivariate analyses. The results showed the time course of the metabolic responses, and many significant changes were detected in the high-dose compared with the low-dose group. Metabolites with antioxidant properties showed acute responses in the jejunum and spleen after radiation exposure. The levels of metabolites related to lipid and protein metabolism were decreased in the jejunum. In addition, amino acid levels increased consistently at all post-irradiation time points as a consequence of activated protein breakdown. Consistent with these changes, plasma levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate metabolites decreased. The liver did not appear to undergo remarkable metabolic changes after radiation exposure. These results may provide insight into the major metabolic perturbations and mechanisms of the biological systems in response to pathophysiological damage caused by X-ray radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gyo Jang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Park
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yun
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kong DJ, Kang CM, Lee JY, Kim J, Lee DS. Color tunable monolithic InGaN/GaN LED having a multi-junction structure. Opt Express 2016; 24:A667-A673. [PMID: 27136884 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.00a667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have fabricated a blue-green color-tunable monolithic InGaN/GaN LED having a multi-junction structure with three terminals. The device has an n-p-n structure consisting of a green and a blue active region, i.e., an n-GaN / blue-MQW / p-GaN / green-MQW / n-GaN / Al2O3 structure with three terminals for independently controlling the two active regions. To realize this LED structure, a typical LED consisting of layers of n-GaN, blue MQW, and p-GaN is regrown on a conventional green LED by using a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method. We explain detailed mechanisms of three operation modes which are the green, blue, and cyan mode. Moreover, we discuss optical properties of the device.
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Jais B, Rebours V, Malleo G, Salvia R, Fontana M, Maggino L, Bassi C, Manfredi R, Moran R, Lennon AM, Zaheer A, Wolfgang C, Hruban R, Marchegiani G, Fernández Del Castillo C, Brugge W, Ha Y, Kim MH, Oh D, Hirai I, Kimura W, Jang JY, Kim SW, Jung W, Kang H, Song SY, Kang CM, Lee WJ, Crippa S, Falconi M, Gomatos I, Neoptolemos J, Milanetto AC, Sperti C, Ricci C, Casadei R, Bissolati M, Balzano G, Frigerio I, Girelli R, Delhaye M, Bernier B, Wang H, Jang KT, Song DH, Huggett MT, Oppong KW, Pererva L, Kopchak KV, Del Chiaro M, Segersvard R, Lee LS, Conwell D, Osvaldt A, Campos V, Aguero Garcete G, Napoleon B, Matsumoto I, Shinzeki M, Bolado F, Fernandez JMU, Keane MG, Pereira SP, Acuna IA, Vaquero EC, Angiolini MR, Zerbi A, Tang J, Leong RW, Faccinetto A, Morana G, Petrone MC, Arcidiacono PG, Moon JH, Choi HJ, Gill RS, Pavey D, Ouaïssi M, Sastre B, Spandre M, De Angelis CG, Rios-Vives MA, Concepcion-Martin M, Ikeura T, Okazaki K, Frulloni L, Messina O, Lévy P. Serous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas: a multinational study of 2622 patients under the auspices of the International Association of Pancreatology and European Pancreatic Club (European Study Group on Cystic Tumors of the Pancreas). Gut 2016; 65:305-12. [PMID: 26045140 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serous cystic neoplasm (SCN) is a cystic neoplasm of the pancreas whose natural history is poorly known. The purpose of the study was to attempt to describe the natural history of SCN, including the specific mortality. DESIGN Retrospective multinational study including SCN diagnosed between 1990 and 2014. RESULTS 2622 patients were included. Seventy-four per cent were women, and median age at diagnosis was 58 years (16-99). Patients presented with non-specific abdominal pain (27%), pancreaticobiliary symptoms (9%), diabetes mellitus (5%), other symptoms (4%) and/or were asymptomatic (61%). Fifty-two per cent of patients were operated on during the first year after diagnosis (median size: 40 mm (2-200)), 9% had resection beyond 1 year of follow-up (3 years (1-20), size at diagnosis: 25 mm (4-140)) and 39% had no surgery (3.6 years (1-23), 25.5 mm (1-200)). Surgical indications were (not exclusive) uncertain diagnosis (60%), symptoms (23%), size increase (12%), large size (6%) and adjacent organ compression (5%). In patients followed beyond 1 year (n=1271), size increased in 37% (growth rate: 4 mm/year), was stable in 57% and decreased in 6%. Three serous cystadenocarcinomas were recorded. Postoperative mortality was 0.6% (n=10), and SCN's related mortality was 0.1% (n=1). CONCLUSIONS After a 3-year follow-up, clinical relevant symptoms occurred in a very small proportion of patients and size slowly increased in less than half. Surgical treatment should be proposed only for diagnosis remaining uncertain after complete workup, significant and related symptoms or exceptionally when exists concern with malignancy. This study supports an initial conservative management in the majority of patients with SCN. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRB 00006477.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Jais
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - V Rebours
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - G Malleo
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Salvia
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - M Fontana
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - L Maggino
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bassi
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Manfredi
- The Pancreas Institute, G.B. Rossi Hospital, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | - R Moran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A M Lennon
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A Zaheer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C Wolfgang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - R Hruban
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Division of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pathology, The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - G Marchegiani
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Fernández Del Castillo
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - W Brugge
- Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Y Ha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M H Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Oh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Hirai
- First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - W Kimura
- First Department of Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - J Y Jang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Y Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Crippa
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona-Torrette, Italy
| | - M Falconi
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona-Torrette, Italy
| | - I Gomatos
- NIHR Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Neoptolemos
- NIHR Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A C Milanetto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, 3rd Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Sperti
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, 3rd Surgical Clinic, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C Ricci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Casadei
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Bissolati
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - G Balzano
- Pancreatic Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - I Frigerio
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy
| | - R Girelli
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Pederzoli Hospital, Peschiera del Garda, Italy
| | - M Delhaye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Bernier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and GI Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - K T Jang
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Song
- Department of Pathology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - M T Huggett
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - K W Oppong
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - L Pererva
- National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology named after Shalimov, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - K V Kopchak
- National Institute of Surgery and Transplantology named after Shalimov, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - M Del Chiaro
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet at Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Segersvard
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet at Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L S Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D Conwell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Osvaldt
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - V Campos
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - B Napoleon
- Hôpital Privé Mermoz, Gastroentérologie, Lyon, France
| | - I Matsumoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Shinzeki
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - F Bolado
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - M G Keane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - S P Pereira
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University College Hospital, London, UK
| | - I Araujo Acuna
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E C Vaquero
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M R Angiolini
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Zerbi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - J Tang
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - R W Leong
- Gastroenterology and Liver Services, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A Faccinetto
- Radiological Department, General Hospital Cá Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - G Morana
- Radiological Department, General Hospital Cá Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - M C Petrone
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Arcidiacono
- Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - J H Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - H J Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute, SoonChunHyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - R S Gill
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Pavey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Ouaïssi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - B Sastre
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - M Spandre
- Gastrohepatology Department, San Giovanni Battista Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C G De Angelis
- Gastrohepatology Department, San Giovanni Battista Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - M A Rios-Vives
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Reçerca-IIB Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Concepcion-Martin
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut de Reçerca-IIB Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Ikeura
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Okazaki
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - L Frulloni
- Department of Medicine, Pancreas Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - O Messina
- Department of Medicine, Pancreas Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - P Lévy
- Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, Clichy, France
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Kang CM, Lim SB, Hong SM, Yu CS, Hong YS, Kim TW, Park JH, Kim JH, Kim JC. Prevalence and clinical significance of cellular and acellular mucin in patients with locally advanced mucinous rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:O10-6. [PMID: 26530997 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The frequent presence of acellular mucin in specimens showing pathological complete response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and the poor response to preoperative CRT in mucinous rectal cancer have been reported. However, the prevalence and prognostic significance of cellular and acellular mucin have not been evaluated in resected specimens from patients with mucinous rectal cancer who undergo preoperative CRT. METHOD We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological features and prognostic significance of mucin in resected specimens from 59 consecutive patients with mucinous rectal cancer who underwent long-course CRT followed by resection between January 2000 and December 2009. Patients were categorized according to the presence of mucin, as identified by pathological analysis. The clinicopathological findings and oncological results were compared. RESULTS Mucin was identified in 25 of 59 patients with mucinous rectal cancer (42.4%). Mucin was more frequent in men (hazard ratio = 23.94, 95% confidence interval = 1.875-305.504, P = 0.015) and in specimens showing a good tumour response grade (hazard ratio = 64.26, 95% confidence interval = 6.940-595.045, P < 0.001). With a median follow-up of 67.7 (range 8.6-133.2) months, the 5-year overall survival (60.7% without mucin vs 51.4% with mucin, P = 0.898) and disease-free survival (59.9% without mucin vs 56.9% with mucin, P = 0.813) did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSION The presence of mucin in rectal cancer with mucinous differentiation after preoperative CRT and resection is associated with male gender and a good tumour response grade, without significant impact on oncological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kang
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-B Lim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-M Hong
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - C S Yu
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Hong
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - T W Kim
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Kim
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Kim SH, Chong JU, Lim JH, Choi GH, Kang CM, Choi JS, Lee WJ, Kim KS. Optimal assessment of lymph node status in gallbladder cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 42:205-10. [PMID: 26614023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node (LN) metastasis is an important prognostic factor in gallbladder cancer (GBCA). LN status has been adopted as a critical element of staging systems. However, the influence of total lymph node count (TLNC) remains unclear. We determined the optimal minimum TLNC and compared the prognostic significance of LN status indices in GBCA. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 128 patients with T2 or greater GBCA who underwent LN dissection. We analyzed overall survival (OS) and relevance of the number of metastatic LNs, ratio of metastatic LNs to retrieved LNs (LNR), and TLNC in predicting OS. RESULTS The median OS durations were 120, 35, and 18 months in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. Five-year OS rates were 73%, 43%, and 0% in T2, T3, and T4 GBCA. LN status did not significantly impact OS in T2 or T4 GBCA. However, all LN indices were significantly correlated with OS in T3 GBCA. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that a metastatic LN count of more than four and a TLNC of more than eight were independent prognostic factors of OS in T3 GBCA. CONCLUSIONS TLNC and the number of positive LNs may be more important prognostic factors than LNR in T3 GBCA. Additionally, accurate staging may not be achieved in cases of T3 GBCA if the total number of retrieved LNs is less than eight. Thus, to ensure proper staging, we recommend that surgeons harvest more than eight LNs in patients with T3 GBCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - J U Chong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - G H Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - W J Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kwon YW, Paek JS, Cho HJ, Lee CS, Lee HJ, Park IH, Roh TY, Kang CM, Yang HM, Park YB, Kim HS. Role of Zscan4 in secondary murine iPSC derivation mediated by protein extracts of ESC or iPSC. Biomaterials 2015; 59:102-15. [PMID: 25956855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that the delivery of mouse ES (mES) cell-derived proteins to adult fibroblasts enables the full reprogramming of these cells, converting them to mouse pluripotent stem cells (protein-iPS cells) without transduction of defined factors. During reprogramming, global gene expression and epigenetic status such as DNA methylation and histone modifications convert from somatic to ES-equivalent status. mES cell extract-derived iPS cells are biologically and functionally indistinguishable from mES cells in its potential in differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these cells show complete developmental potency. However, the efficiency of generating iPS by treatment with extract from mES cells is still low. In this report, we demonstrated that protein extracts of mouse iPS cells that were previously generated by mES cell extract treatment were able to reprogram somatic cells to become ES-like cells (secondary protein-iPS cells). We confirmed that fetal animals (E12.5) could be derived from these cells. Surprisingly, the efficiency of forming Oct4-positive colonies was remarkably improved by treatment of somatic cells with mouse iPS cell extract in comparison to treatment with mES cell extract. By screening the genes differentially expressed between mouse iPS and mES cells, Zscan4, which is known to enhance telomere elongation and stabilize genomic DNA, was identified as a strong candidate to promote efficiency of reprogramming. Interestingly, treatment with protein extracted from mES cells overexpressing Zscan4 enhanced formation of Oct4-positive colonies. Our results provide an efficient and safe strategy for reprogramming somatic cells by using mouse iPS cell extract. Zscan4 might be a key molecule involved in the demonstrated improvement of reprogramming efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Wook Kwon
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Paek
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Soo Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jae Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyun Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06420, USA
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- Division of Molecular and Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Mo Yang
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Bae Park
- Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine & Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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Kang CM, Hyeon JS, Kim SR, Lee EK, Yun HJ, Kim SY, Chae YK. Application of NMR Spectroscopy to Assessment of Radiation Dose and Time Lapse. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Mo Kang
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seong Hyeon
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyeong Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yun
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kee Chae
- Department of Chemistry; Sejong University; Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
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Kang CM, Koo WS, Bang BK. Multicenter report on dialysis and transplantation in Korea, 1987, by the Korean Society of Nephrology. Contrib Nephrol 2015; 82:31-40. [PMID: 2093524 DOI: 10.1159/000418715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C M Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Yun HJ, Kim SY, Kwon YY, Kim CH, Kang CM, Kim EJ. Janus-activated kinases and signal transducer and activator of transcription control tumor growth response to camptothecin in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 10:354-61. [DOI: 10.4161/cbt.10.4.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Park JS, Oh IH, Lee CH, Kim GH, Kang CM. The rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate is a predictor of long-term graft outcome after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:1438-41. [PMID: 23726591 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the long-term outcome of kidney transplantation (KT), it is important to identify and take active steps to reduce the number or severity of novel risk factors. We investigated whether changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate over the first year after KT (ΔeGFR12-3) was associated with long-term renal allograft function and survival. METHODS Four hundred twenty-eight allograft recipients transplanted between 1990 and 2001 underwent ΔeGFR12-3 calculation using the equation: ΔeGFR12-3 = ([eGFR at 12 months post-KT - eGFR at 3 months post-KT]/[eGFR at 3 months post-KT]) × 100%. Recipients were divided into 3 groups according to their ΔeGFR12-3: group I (n = 150), ΔeGFR12-3 ≥ 10%; group II (n = 151), 10 > ΔeGFR12-3 ≥ -10%; and group III (n = 127), ΔeGFR12-3 < -10%. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding variables that may affect long-term renal allograft function, and Kaplan-Meier analysis, to compare allograft survival. RESULTS At a mean follow-up of 120 ± 58 months, we observed 112 renal allograft losses. The ΔeGFR over 10 years post-KT (ΔeGFR120-3) was significantly associated with the serum uric acid levels at 3 months post-transplantation and ΔeGFR12-3. Group III showed poor renal allograft survival; group I, 194 ± 8 months; group II, 197 ± 7 month and; group III, 163 ± 4 months; (log-rank test, P < .05). A Cox proportional hazard model revealed ΔeGFR12-3 to be independently associated with future renal allograft loss (hazard ratio, 0.981; 95% confidence interval, 0.974-0.992). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that ΔeGFR12-3 may be an independent predictor of kidney allograft survival. Routine application of eGFR is strongly recommended to identify patients at risk for chronic allograft dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-S Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kang CM, Chung YE, Jung MJ, Hwang HK, Choi SH, Lee WJ. Splenic vein thrombosis and pancreatic fistula after minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy. Br J Surg 2013; 101:114-9. [PMID: 24327328 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of splenic vein thrombosis (SVT) in the splenic vein remnant following minimally invasive distal pancreatosplenectomy (DPS). METHODS Medical records of patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic distal pancreatectomy (DP) with or without splenectomy between January 2006 and August 2012 were reviewed. Rates of SVT and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) were compared in a group of patients undergoing DPS and a group having spleen-preserving DP. RESULTS Seventy-nine patients had minimally invasive DP, of whom 38 (48 per cent) developed SVT in the splenic vein remnant. DPS was associated with POPF (P = 0.001) and SVT (P < 0.001). SVT length was closely related to the amount of peripancreatic fluid collection (P = 0.025) and POPF (P = 0.045). In a comparison of splenic vessel-sacrificing, spleen-preserving DP and DPS, postoperative platelet count was significantly higher in the DPS group (P < 0.001). In addition, grade of SVT (P = 0.092) and POPF (P = 0.065) tended to be associated with DPS, suggesting that SVT may be related to both splenectomy and POPF. CONCLUSION Minimally invasive DPS is associated with SVT and POPF. Preservation of the spleen should be considered when treating patients with benign and borderline malignant tumours of the distal pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Pancreaticobiliary Cancer Clinic, Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kong DJ, Bae SY, Kang CM, Lee DS. InGaN/GaN microcolumn light-emitting diode arrays with sidewall metal contact. Opt Express 2013; 21:22320-22326. [PMID: 24104122 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.022320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we produce InGaN/GaN microcolumn LED (MC-LED) arrays having nonpolar metal sidewall contacts using a top-down method, where the metal contacts only with the sidewall of the columnar LEDs with an open top for transparency. The trapezoidal profile of the as-etched columns was altered to a rectangular profile through KOH treatment, exposing the nonpolar sidewalls. While the MC-LED with no treatment emitted no light because of the etch-damaged region, the MC-LEDs with KOH treatment exhibited much improved the electrical properties with the much higher shunt resistance due to the removal of the etch-damaged region. The optical output power was strongest for the MC-LED with a 5-min treatment indicating an almost complete removal of the damaged region.
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Kim EJ, Kim SY, Yun HJ, Kim CG, Jeong JW, Kim TH, Kim CH, Darroudi F, Kang CM. Detection and quantification of a radiation-associated mitochondrial DNA deletion by a nested real-time PCR in human peripheral lymphocytes. Mutat Res 2012; 749:53-9. [PMID: 22944079 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we implemented a new assay using a nested real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect radiation-induced common deletion (CD) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of human peripheral lymphocytes. A standard curve for real-time PCR was established by applying a plasmid DNA containing human normal mtDNA or mutated mtDNA. Human peripheral lymphocyte DNA was amplified and quantified by real-time PCR using primer sets for total damaged or mutated mtDNA, plus probes labeled with the fluorescent dyes. The first-round PCR generated multiple products were used as the template for a second-round PCR. We herein describe a nested real-time PCR assay capable of quantifying mtDNA bearing the CD in human peripheral lymphocytes following exposure (in vitro) to (137)Cs γ-rays in a dose range of 0.5 up to 5Gy. The reproducibility of this assay was evident for both unirradiated and irradiated samples by examining human blood lymphocytes from 14 donors. This technique was sensitive enough to detect deletions in mtDNA at low dose levels, as low as 0.5Gy, and higher levels of CD mtDNA were evident at higher doses (≥1Gy), however, there was no consistent dose-response relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Kim
- Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim JS, Yun HS, Um HD, Park JK, Lee KH, Kang CM, Lee SJ, Hwang SG. Identification of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II as a novel tumor resistance biomarker in human laryngeal cancer HEp-2 cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:1307-18. [PMID: 22895072 PMCID: PMC3493439 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.21788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tumor resistance remains a significant impediment to successful radiotherapy, associated regulatory markers and detailed molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are not well defined. In this study, we identified inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B) as a novel marker of radioresistance by systematically analyzing Unigene libraries of laryngeal cancer. INPP4B was highly expressed in radioresistant laryngeal cancer cells and was induced by treatment with either radiation or anticancer drugs in various types of cancer cells. Ectopic INPP4B overexpression increased radioresistance and anticancer drug resistance by suppressing apoptosis in HEp-2 cells. Conversely, INPP4B depletion with small interfering RNA resensitized HEp-2 as well as A549 and H1299 cells to radiation- and anticancer drug-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, radiation-induced INPP4B expression was blocked by inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). INPP4B depletion significantly attenuated radiation-induced increases in Akt phosphorylation, indicating an association of INPP4B-mediated radioresistance with Akt survival signaling. Taken together, our data suggest that ERK-dependent induction of INPP4B triggers the development of a tumor-resistance phenotype via Akt signaling and identify INPP4B as a potentially important target molecule for resolving the radioresistance of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Kim
- Division of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
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Rhee JS, Kim BM, Kang CM, Lee YM, Lee JS. Gamma irradiation-induced oxidative stress and developmental impairment in the hermaphroditic fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus embryo. Environ Toxicol Chem 2012; 31:1745-1753. [PMID: 22553164 DOI: 10.1002/etc.1873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of gamma radiation on the early developmental stages in hermaphroditic fish embryos of Kryptolebias marmoratus. The authors measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and antioxidant enzyme activities with the endpoint hatching rate after gamma irradiation of different embryonic stages. Then, the transcriptional changes of antioxidant enzyme-coding genes were evaluated by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in response to gamma radiation on embryonic stages. Gamma radiation inhibited hatching rate and caused developmental impairment in a dose-dependent manner. Embryos showed tolerances in a developmental stage-dependent manner, indicating that early embryonic stages were more sensitive to the negative effects of gamma radiation than were later stages. After 5 Gy rate of radiation, the ROS level increased significantly at embryonic stages 2, 3, and 4 with a significant induction of all antioxidant enzyme activities. The expressions of glutathione S-transferase isoforms, catalase, superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD), glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase mRNA were upregulated in a dose-and-developmental stage-dependent manner. This finding indicates that gamma radiation can induce oxidative stress and subsequently modulates the expression of antioxidant enzyme-coding genes as one of the defense mechanisms. Interestingly, embryonic stage 1 exposed to gamma radiation showed a decreased expression in most antioxidant enzyme-coding genes, suggesting that this is also related to a lower hatching rate and developmental impairment. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the molecular mode of action of gamma radiation in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung Rhee
- The Research Institute for Natural Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Presensitization to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tends to decrease renal graft survival. During the pregnancy, fetal blood is frequently exposed to the maternal circulation possibly inducing maternal immunization to paternal HLA inherited by the fetus. In this way, pregnancy may occasionally present a hazard to renal graft survival. In this study, we compared retrospectively graft survivals according to living related donor-recipient pairs. MATERIALS AND METHODS From July 1979 to January 2011, 374 patients underwent living related renal transplantation sharing at least one HLA haplotype with their donor. We compared acute rejection and complication rates as well as long-term graft survival according to the donor-recipient paring: child-to-mother, child-to-father, mother-to-child, father-to-child, and one haplotype-matched siblings. All patients received immunosuppressive therapy, consisting of a calcineurin inhibitor, mycophenolate mofetil, or azathioprine and prednisolone. RESULTS Twenty-one cases (5.6%) were child-to-father paring; 28 (7.5%), child-to-mother; 179 (47.9%), one-haplotype-matched siblings; 46 (12.3%), father-to-child; and 100 (26.7%), mother-to-child paring. Child-to-father pairing displayed the best graft survival; child-to-mother (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.709, P = .662) and one-haplotype-matched siblings (HR = 6.589, P = .062) showed no significant difference. Father-to-child pares experienced poorer outcomes than child-to-father pairs (HR = 11.579, P = .017) and mother-to-child, the poorest graft survival (HR 17.188, P = .005). CONCLUSION Pregnancy continues to be a significant source of presensitization in the course of gestation and after parturition. Graft failure can result from an anamnestic reaction subsequent to intrauterine exposure of the mother to HLA of a fetus due to sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Choi
- Transplantation Center, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The exchange donor program in renal transplantation is an efficient solution for recipients with a blood type or crossmatch-incompatible donor. However, this program has some difficulties to define unacceptable human leukocyte antigen matches, deteriorating clinical potential recipient condition, and withdrawal of donor consent. We analyzed the outcomes of exchange donor renal transplantation through the altruistic unbalanced chain. METHODS Among 152 cases of exchange donor renal transplantation from 1991 to 2010 in our hospital, we performed 58 procedures through altruistic unbalanced chains. We compared their outcomes with the direct and balanced chain group. We analyzed retrospectively whether this program expanded the donor pool, seeking better immunologic, size, and age matching. RESULTS The graft survival and acute rejection rates did not differ significantly in the two groups. Of 152 cases, 58 (38.2%) renal transplantations were performed through an unbalanced chain. Seventeen waiting list recipients were transplanted through an altruistic unbalanced chain. In blood type O recipients (n = 32), the causes of registration in the exchange program were ABO incompatibility (93.3%), and positive crossmatch (6.7%). Nine altruistic blood type O donors and 9 (28.1%) type O recipients underwent transplantations through this chain. CONCLUSIONS We suggest the altruistic unbalanced chain may expand the donor pool with advantages for difficult-to-match pairs. The disadvantages of type O recipients may be overcome through the use of an unbalanced chain. The altruistic unbalanced exchange transplantation program can help easy-to-match subjects, shortening the waiting periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Ahn
- Transplantation Center, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HS, Kwon OJ, Kang CM. The utilization and advantages of an exchange donor program in living donor renal transplantation: a single-center experience. Transplant Proc 2012; 44:14-6. [PMID: 22310566 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The availability of donors is a major limiting factor in living donor renal transplantation. Approximately one third of patients with end-stage renal disease have willing potential living donors who are blood type or cross-match incompatible. The living donor kidney exchange has become an efficient solution for recipients in this situation. We analyzed the outcome and advantages of an exchange donor program compared with ABO-incompatible transplantation and desensitized protocol transplantation for highly sensitized patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 152 exchange donor cases from 1991 to 2010. We analyzed the risk factors, outcomes, matching factors, complication rates, and acute rejection rates of this program compared with other alternative strategies. RESULTS In our center, 22% of total living donor kidney transplantations were performed through an exchange program and an expanded donor pool. The graft survival, complication, and acute rejection rates were not significantly different compared with the alternatives. The severe complication rates were lower than with the alternatives and the immunosuppressant protocol and preoperative preparation were simpler. Blood type O recipients who registered in the exchange program showed no significant differences from the living related groups (P = .45), which were similar to the proportions for other ABO types. Upon multivariate analysis, an acute rejection episode and use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were significant factors associated with graft survival (P = .015 and P = .007; odds ratio [OR] 5.968 and 7.324; 95% confidence interval [CI] .003-.533 and .098-.690). CONCLUSION Although exchange donor programs are not the sole solution, they show several advantages, such as the prescription of standard immunosuppression, simple preoperative preparation, low cost, and modest rates of severe complications compared with ABO-incompatible transplantation or desensitized protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Kim
- Transplantation Center, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Ahn J, Won M, Choi JH, Kyun ML, Cho HS, Park HM, Kang CM, Chung KS. Small heat-shock protein Hsp9 has dual functions in stress adaptation and stress-induced G2-M checkpoint regulation via Cdc25 inactivation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 417:613-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Woo SR, Park JE, Juhn KM, Ju YJ, Jeong J, Kang CM, Yun HJ, Yun MY, Shin HJ, Joo HY, Park ER, Park IC, Hong SH, Hwang SG, Kim H, Cho MH, Kim SH, Park GH, Lee KH. Cells with dysfunctional telomeres are susceptible to reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide via generation of multichromosomal fusions and chromosomal fragments bearing telomeres. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 417:204-10. [PMID: 22138403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During genotoxic stress, reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) is a prime mediator of the DNA damage response. Telomeres function both to assist in DNA damage repair and to inhibit chromosomal end-to-end fusion. Here, we show that telomere dysfunction renders cells susceptible to H(2)O(2), via generation of multichromosomal fusion and chromosomal fragments. H(2)O(2) caused formation of multichromosomal end-to-end fusions involving more than three chromosomes, preferentially when telomeres were erosive. Interestingly, extensive chromosomal fragmentation (yielding small-sized fragments) occurred only in cells exhibiting such multichromosomal fusions. Telomeres were absent from fusion points, being rather present in the small fragments, indicating that H(2)O(2) cleaves chromosomal regions adjacent to telomeres. Restoration of telomere function or addition of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine prevented development of chromosomal aberrations and rescued the observed hypersensitivity to H(2)O(2). Thus, chromosomal regions adjacent to telomeres become sensitive to reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide when telomeres are dysfunctional, and are cleaved to produce multichromosomal fusions and small chromosomal fragments bearing the telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Rang Woo
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hong EH, Yun HS, Kim J, Um HD, Lee KH, Kang CM, Lee SJ, Chun JS, Hwang SG. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase is essential for interleukin-1beta-mediated dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes via SIRT1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) complex signaling. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:28619-31. [PMID: 21697093 PMCID: PMC3151103 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.219832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although much is known about interleukin (IL)-1β and its role as a key mediator of cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis, only limited information is available on IL-1β signaling in chondrocyte dedifferentiation. Here, we have characterized the molecular mechanisms leading to the dedifferentiation of primary cultured articular chondrocytes by IL-1β treatment. IL-1β or lipopolysaccharide, but not phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, retinoic acid, or epidermal growth factor, induced nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expression, showing the association of inflammatory cytokines with NAMPT regulation. SIRT1, in turn, was activated NAMPT-dependently, without any alteration in the expression level. Activation or inhibition of SIRT1 oppositevely regulates IL-1β-mediated chondrocyte dedifferentiation, suggesting this protein as a key regulator of chondrocytes phenotype. SIRT1 activation promotes induction of ERK and p38 kinase activities, but not JNK, in response to IL-1β. Subsequently, ERK and p38 kinase activated by SIRT1 also induce SIRT1 activation, forming a positive feedback loop to sustain downstream signaling of these kinases. Moreover, we found that the SIRT1-ERK complex, but not SIRT1-p38, is engaged in IL-1β-induced chondrocyte dedifferentiation via a Sox-9-mediated mechanism. JNK is activated by IL-1β and modulates dedifferentiation of chondrocytes, but this pathway is independent on NAMPT-SIRT1 signaling. Based on these findings, we propose that IL-1β induces dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes by up-regulation of SIRT1 activity enhanced by both NAMPT and ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hee Hong
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Hong Shik Yun
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Jongdoo Kim
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Kee-Ho Lee
- From the Division of Radiation Cancer Research and
| | - Chang-Mo Kang
- the Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea
| | - Su-Jae Lee
- the Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea, and
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- the Department of Life Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Korea
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Ahn J, Choi JH, Won M, Kang CM, Gyun MR, Park HM, Kim CH, Chung KS. The activation of p38 MAPK primarily contributes to UV-induced RhoB expression by recruiting the c-Jun and p300 to the distal CCAAT box of the RhoB promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 409:211-6. [PMID: 21565167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Ras-related small GTP-binding protein RhoB is rapidly induced in response to genotoxic stresses caused by ionizing radiation. It is known that UV-induced RhoB expression results from the binding of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF2) via NF-Y to the inverted CCAAT box (-23) of the RhoB promoter. Here, we show that the association of c-Jun with the distal CCAAT box (-72) is primarily involved in UV-induced RhoB expression and p38 MAPK regulated RhoB induction through the distal CCAAT box. UV-induced RhoB expression and apoptosis were markedly attenuated by pretreatment with the p38 MAPK inhibitor. siRNA knockdown of RhoB, ATF2 and c-Jun resulted in decreased RhoB expression and eventually restored the growth of UV-irradiated Jurkat cells. In the reporter assay using luciferase under the RhoB promoter, inhibition of RhoB promoter activity by the p38 inhibitor and knockdown of c-Jun using siRNA occurred through the distal CCAAT box. Immunoprecipitation and DNA affinity protein binding assays revealed the association of c-Jun and p300 via NF-YA and the dissociation of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) via c-Jun recruitment to the CCAAT boxes of the RhoB promoter. These results suggest that the activation of p38 MAPK primarily contributes to UV-induced RhoB expression by recruiting the c-Jun and p300 proteins to the distal CCAAT box of the RhoB promoter in Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Ahn
- Genome Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
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Kim RO, Rhee JS, Won EJ, Lee KW, Kang CM, Lee YM, Lee JS. Ultraviolet B retards growth, induces oxidative stress, and modulates DNA repair-related gene and heat shock protein gene expression in the monogonont rotifer, Brachionus sp. Aquat Toxicol 2011; 101:529-39. [PMID: 21276479 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation causes direct cellular damage by breakage of DNA strands and oxidative stress induction in aquatic organisms. To understand the effect of UV-B radiation on the rotifer, Brachionus sp., several parameters including 24-h survival rate, population growth rate, and ROS level were measured after exposure to a wide range of UV-B doses. To check the expression of other important inducible genes such as replication protein A (RPA), DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), Ku70, Ku80, and heat shock proteins (hsps) after UV-B radiation, we observed dose- and time-dependency at 2kJ/m(2). We also examined 13 hsp genes for their roles in the UV-B damaged rotifer. Results showed that UV-B remarkably inhibited the population growth of Brachionus sp. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was high at 2kJ/m(2), suggesting that 2kJ/m(2) would already be toxic. This result was supported by other enzymatic activities, such as GSH levels, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase. For dose dependency, low doses of UV-B radiation (2, 4, and 6kJ/m(2)) significantly up-regulated the examined genes (e.g. RPA, DNA-PK, Ku70, and Ku80). For the time course study, RPA genes showed immediate up-regulation but returned to basal or lower expression levels compared to the control 3h after UV-B exposure. The DNA-PK and Ku70/80 genes significantly increased, indicating that they may be involved in repairing processes against a low dose of UV-B exposure (2kJ/m(2)). At the basal level, the hsp90α1 gene showed the highest expression, and followed by hsp10, hsp30, hsp60, and hsc70, and hsp90β in adults (w/o egg). In eggs, the hsp10 gene was expressed the highest, and followed by hsp30, hsp27, hsp90α1, and hsp60 genes. In real-time RT-PCR array on rotifer hsp genes, low doses of UV-B radiation (2 and 4kJ/m(2)) showed up-regulation of several hsp genes but most of the hsp genes showed down-regulation at 8kJ/m(2) and higher, indicating that significant Hsp-mediated cellular damage already occurred at low doses. For the time course study of four hsp genes (hsp20, hsp27, hsp70, hsp90α1), they showed a significant correlation for UV-B radiation (2kJ/m(2)). In this paper, we demonstrated that UV-B radiation would affect growth retardation with up- or down-regulation of some important genes in DNA replication, repair process, and chaperoning. This finding provides a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in UV-B-mediated cellular damage in the rotifer, Brachionus sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryeo-Ok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Park JE, Woo SR, Kang CM, Juhn KM, Ju YJ, Shin HJ, Joo HY, Park ER, Park IC, Hong SH, Hwang SG, Lee JK, Kim HK, Cho MH, Park GH, Lee KH. Paclitaxel stimulates chromosomal fusion and instability in cells with dysfunctional telomeres: implication in multinucleation and chemosensitization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 404:615-21. [PMID: 21144828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The anticancer effect of paclitaxel is attributable principally to irreversible promotion of microtubule stabilization and is hampered upon development of chemoresistance by tumor cells. Telomere shortening, and eventual telomere erosion, evoke chromosomal instability, resulting in particular cellular responses. Using telomerase-deficient cells derived from mTREC-/-p53-/- mice, here we show that, upon telomere erosion, paclitaxel propagates chromosomal instability by stimulating chromosomal end-to-end fusions and delaying the development of multinucleation. The end-to-end fusions involve both the p- and q-arms in cells in which telomeres are dysfunctional. Paclitaxel-induced chromosomal fusions were accompanied by prolonged G2/M cell cycle arrest, delayed multinucleation, and apoptosis. Telomere dysfunctional cells with mutlinucleation eventually underwent apoptosis. Thus, as telomere erosion proceeds, paclitaxel stimulates chromosomal fusion and instability, and both apoptosis and chemosensitization eventually develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Park
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, South Korea
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Ju YJ, Shin HJ, Park JE, Juhn KM, Woo SR, Kim HY, Han YH, Hwang SG, Hong SH, Kang CM, Yoo YD, Park WB, Cho MH, Park GH, Lee KH. Clonal cell populations unresponsive to radiosensitization induced by telomerase inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 402:198-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Kim CH, Won M, Choi CH, Ahn J, Kim BK, Song KB, Kang CM, Chung KS. Increase of RhoB in γ-radiation-induced apoptosis is regulated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase in Jurkat T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 391:1182-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Domino kidney paired donation (KPD) is a method by which an altruistic living nondirected donor (LND) is allocated to a pool of incompatible donor-recipient pairs (DRP) and a series of KPDs is initiated. To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of multicenter domino KPD, we retrospectively analyzed a cohort of DRPs who underwent domino KPD between February 2001 and July 2007 at one of 16 transplant centers. One hundred seventy-nine kidney transplants were performed, with 70 domino chains initiated by altruistic LND. There were 45 two-pair chains, 15 three-pair chains, 7 four-pair chains, 2 five-pair chains and 1 six-pair chain. A majority of donors were spouses (47.5%) or altruistic LNDs (39.1%). DRPs with a blood type O recipient or an AB donor comprised 45.9% of transplanted DRPs. HLA mismatch improved in transplanted donors compared to intended donors in pairs enrolled to improve HLA mismatch (3.4 +/- 0.7 vs. 4.8 +/- 1.0, p < 0.001). One-year and 5-year graft survival rates were 98.3% and 87.7%, respectively, with a median follow-up of 46 months. One-year and 5-year patient survival rates were 97.2% and 90.8%, respectively. In conclusion, multicenter domino KPD could multiply the benefits of donation from LNDs, with patients and graft survival rates comparable to those seen with conventional KPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Byun JY, Yoon CH, An S, Park IC, Kang CM, Kim MJ, Lee SJ. The Rac1/MKK7/JNK pathway signals upregulation of Atg5 and subsequent autophagic cell death in response to oncogenic Ras. Carcinogenesis 2009; 30:1880-8. [PMID: 19783847 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgp235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To prevent the development of malignancies, mammalian cells activate disposal programs, such as programmed cell death, in response to deregulated oncogene expression. However, the molecular basis for regulation of cellular disposal machinery in response to activated oncogenes is unclear at present. In this study, we show that upregulation of the autophagy-related protein, Atg5, is critically required for the oncogenic H-ras-induced autophagic cell death and that Rac1/mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MKK) 7/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signals upregulation of Atg5. Overexpression of H-ras(V12) induced marked autophagic vacuole formation and cell death in normal fibroblasts, which remained unaffected by a caspase inhibitor. Pretreatment with Bafilomycin A1, an autophagy inhibitor, completely attenuated H-ras(V12)-induced cell death as well as autophagic vacuole formation. Selective production of Atg5 was observed in cells overexpressing H-ras(V12), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting of Atg5 clearly inhibited autophagic cell death. Interestingly, inhibition of JNK or c-Jun by specific siRNA suppressed Atg5 upregulation and autophagic cell death. Moreover, inhibition of MKK7, but not MKK4, effectively attenuated H-ras(V12)-induced JNK activation. In addition, ectopic expression of RacN17 or Rac1-siRNA effectively inhibited MKK7-JNK activation, Atg5 upregulation and autophagic cell death. These data support the notion that upregulation of Atg5 is required for the oncogenic H-ras-induced autophagic cell death in normal fibroblasts and that activation of Rac1/MKK7/JNK-signaling pathway leads to upregulation of Atg5 in response to oncogenic H-ras. Our findings suggest that in cells acquiring deregulated oncogene expression, oncogenic stress triggers autophagic cell death, which protects cells against malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Yun Byun
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-Dong, Seongdong-Ku, Seoul 133-791, Korea
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Yun M, Han YH, Yoon SH, Kim HY, Kim BY, Ju YJ, Kang CM, Jang SH, Chung HY, Lee SJ, Cho MH, Yoon G, Park GH, Kim SH, Lee KH. p31comet Induces cellular senescence through p21 accumulation and Mad2 disruption. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:371-82. [PMID: 19276188 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Functional suppression of spindle checkpoint protein activity results in apoptotic cell death arising from mitotic failure, including defective spindle formation, chromosome missegregation, and premature mitotic exit. The recently identified p31(comet) protein acts as a spindle checkpoint silencer via communication with the transient Mad2 complex. In the present study, we found that p31(comet) overexpression led to two distinct phenotypic changes, cellular apoptosis and senescence. Because of a paucity of direct molecular link of spindle checkpoint to cellular senescence, however, the present report focuses on the relationship between abnormal spindle checkpoint formation and p31(comet)-induced senescence by using susceptible tumor cell lines. p31(comet)-induced senescence was accompanied by mitotic catastrophe with massive nuclear and chromosomal abnormalities. The progression of the senescence was completely inhibited by the depletion of p21(Waf1/Cip1) and partly inhibited by the depletion of the tumor suppressor protein p53. Notably, p21(Waf1/Cip1) depletion caused a dramatic phenotypic conversion of p31(comet)-induced senescence into cell death through mitotic catastrophe, indicating that p21(Waf1/Cip1) is a major mediator of p31(comet)-induced cellular senescence. In contrast to wild-type p31(comet), overexpression of a p31 mutant lacking the Mad2 binding region did not cause senescence. Moreover, depletion of Mad2 by small interfering RNA induced senescence. Here, we show that p31(comet) induces tumor cell senescence by mediating p21(Waf1/Cip1) accumulation and Mad2 disruption and that these effects are dependent on a direct interaction of p31(comet) with Mad2. Our results could be used to control tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyong Yun
- Laboratory of Radiation Molecular Cancer, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HJ, Lee YJ, Kang CM, Bae S, Jeoung D, Jang JJ, Lee SS, Cho CK, Lee YS. Differential Gene Signatures in Rat Mammary Tumors Induced by DMBA and Those Induced by Fractionated γ Radiation. Radiat Res 2008; 170:579-90. [DOI: 10.1667/rr1106.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dooil Jeoung
- Division of Life Sciences, Kangwon National University College of Natural Sciences, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea; and
| | - Ja-June Jang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Seoul National University, 110-108, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Chul-Koo Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 139-706, Korea
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Chung KS, Ahn J, Choi CH, Yim NH, Kang CM, Kim CH, Lee K, Park HM, Song KB, Won M. Fission yeast-based screening to identify putative HDAC inhibitors using a telomeric reporter strain. Mol Cells 2008; 26:93-9. [PMID: 18525239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional silencing is regulated by promoter methylation and histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation. We constructed a Schizosaccaromyces pombe reporter strain, KCT120a, to identify modifiers of transcriptional silencing, by inserting the ura4(+) gene into a heterochromatic telomere region. Two compounds inhibited the activity of histone deacetylases, induced acetylation of histone H3 and caused apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells. Expression of gelsolin and p21(waf1/cip1) also increased, as it does in response to HDAC inhibitors such as TSA. Therefore, these compounds appear to be potent inhibitors of HDACs, and hence potential anti-cancer drugs. Our observations suggest that a yeast cell-based assay system for transcriptional silencing may be useful for identifying histone deacetylase inhibitors and other agents affecting chromatin remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Sook Chung
- Medical Genome Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
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Abstract
Fudosteine is a novel mucoactive agent, although little is known about how fudosteine decreases mucin production. The present study examined the effects of fudosteine on MUC5AC mucin synthesis and cellular signalling. An animal model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and a bronchial epithelial cell line model of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced inflammation were used. Fudosteine was administered before stimulation with LPS or TNF-alpha. The MUC5AC mucin levels were assayed and the expression of the MUC5AC gene was measured. Western blotting was carried out for the detection of phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR), phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase (p-ERK). MUC5AC mucin synthesis and the expression of the MUC5AC gene were increased by LPS in rats or TNF-alpha in NCI-H292 cells; these effects were inhibited by fudosteine treatment. After stimulation with LPS or TNF-alpha, the expression of p-EGFR, p-p38 MAPK and p-ERK were detected. Fudosteine treatment reduced the expression levels of p-p38 MAPK and p-ERK in vivo and of p-ERK in vitro. The present results suggest fudosteine inhibits MUC5AC mucin hypersecretion by reducing MUC5AC gene expression and the effects of fudosteine are associated with the inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in vivo and extracellular signal-related kinase in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Rhee
- Dept of Internal Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University Medical College, #62 Yeoi-Do Dong, Young Dung Po Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Lee YJ, Lee HJ, Lee JS, Jeoung D, Kang CM, Bae S, Lee SJ, Kwon SH, Kang D, Lee YS. A novel function for HSF1-induced mitotic exit failure and genomic instability through direct interaction between HSF1 and Cdc20. Oncogene 2007; 27:2999-3009. [PMID: 18059335 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although heat-shock factor (HSF) 1 is a known transcriptional factor of heat-shock proteins, other pathways like production of aneuploidy and increased protein stability of cyclin B1 have been proposed. In the present study, the regulatory domain of HSF1 (amino-acid sequence 212-380) was found to interact directly with the amino-acid sequence 106-171 of Cdc20. The association between HSF1 and Cdc20 inhibited the interaction between Cdc27 and Cdc20, the phosphorylation of Cdc27 and the ubiquitination activity of anaphase-promoting complex (APC). The overexpression of HSF1 inhibited mitotic exit and the degradations of cyclin B1 and securin, which resulted in production of aneuploidy and multinucleated cells, but regulatory domain-deficient HSF1 did not. Moreover, HSF1-overexpressing cells showed elevated levels of micronuclei and genomic alteration. The depletion of HSF1 from cells highly expressing HSF1 reduced nocodazole-mediated aneuploidy in cells. These findings suggest a novel function of HSF1 frequently overexpressed in cancer cells, to inhibit APC/C activity by interacting with Cdc20, and to result in aneuploidy development and genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee HJ, Lee M, Kang CM, Jeoung D, Bae S, Cho CK, Lee YS. Identification of Possible Candidate Biomarkers for Local or Whole Body Radiation Exposure in C57BL/6 Mice. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69:1272-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Revised: 07/05/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Lee HJ, Kang CM, Kim SR, Kim JC, Bae CS, Oh KS, Jo SK, Kim TH, Jang JS, Kim SH. The micronucleus frequency in cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes of cattle in the vicinity of a nuclear power plant. J Vet Sci 2007; 8:117-20. [PMID: 17519563 PMCID: PMC2872708 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2007.8.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic and hematological analyses were performed on the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) obtained from Korean native cattle bred in the vicinity of three nuclear power plants (Wolsong, Uljin and Yeonggwang) and in a control area. The micronucleus (MN) rates for the cattle from the Wolsong, Uljin and Yeonggwang nuclear power plants and for the control area were 9.87 +/- 2.64, 8.90 +/- 3.84, 9.20 +/- 3.68 and 9.60 +/- 3.91 per 1,000 cytokinesis-blocked lymphocytes, respectively. The apparent difference is not statistically significant. The MN frequencies of PBLs from cattle bred in the four areas are within the background variation for this study. The MN frequencies and hematological values were similar regardless of whether the cattle were bred near a nuclear power plant or in the control area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-June Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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