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Fernandes AS, de Melo Bisneto AV, Silva LS, Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão E, Cardoso CG, Carneiro CC, da Costa Santos S, Chen-Chen L. Tellimagrandin-I and camptothin a exhibit chemopreventive effects in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains and human lymphocytes. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024; 87:185-198. [PMID: 38073488 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2290641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Tellimagrandin-I (TL) and camptothin A (CA) are ellagitannins widely found in diverse plant species. Numerous studies demonstrated their significant biological activities, which include antitumor, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. Despite this protective profile, the effects of TL and CA on DNA have not been comprehensively investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects attributed to TL and CA exposure on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains using the Ames test. In addition, the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were examined on human lymphocytes, employing both trypan blue exclusion and CometChip assay. The antigenotoxic effect was determined following TL and CA exposure in the presence of co-treatment with doxorubicin (DXR). Our results from the Ames test indicated that TL or CA did not display marked mutagenic activity. However, TL or CA demonstrated an ability to protect DNA against the damaging effects of the mutagens 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and sodium azide, thereby exhibiting antimutagenic properties. In relation to human lymphocytes, TL or CA did not induce significant cytotoxic or genotoxic actions on these cells. Further, these ellagitannins exhibited an ability to protect DNA from damage induced by DOX during co-treatment, indicating their potential beneficial usefulness as antigenotoxic agents. In conclusion, the protective effects of TL or CA against mutagens, coupled with their absence of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on human lymphocytes, emphasize their potential therapeutic value in chemopreventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Qu Z, Tian J, Sun J, Shi Y, Yu J, Zhang W, Zhuang C. Diallyl trisulfide inhibits 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced lung cancer via modulating gut microbiota and the PPARγ/NF-κB pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:158-171. [PMID: 38086660 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03914e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Smoking is the primary risk factor for developing lung cancer. Chemoprevention could be a promising strategy to reduce the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer. Recently, we reported that A/J mice exposed to tobacco smoke carcinogens displayed the reshaping of gut microbiota. Additionally, garlic oil was found to effectively inhibit the carcinogenic effects of tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in lung tumorigenesis. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), which is the predominant compound in garlic oil, exhibits various biological activities. To further explore the chemopreventive action and potential mechanism of DATS on lung tumorigenesis, we established a lung adenocarcinoma model in A/J mice stimulated by NNK. Subsequently, we employed multi-omics combined molecular biology technologies to clarify the mechanism. The results indicated that DATS significantly decreased the number of lung tumors in NNK induced A/J mice. Interestingly, we discovered that DATS could modulate gut microbiota, particularly increasing the abundance of F. rodentium, which has inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Mechanistically, DATS could activate the PPARγ pathway, leading to the negative regulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and subsequent suppression of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory factors. Collectively, these findings provide support for DATS as a potential novel chemopreventive agent for tobacco carcinogen-induced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jiahui Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jiachen Sun
- School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, 409 Guangrong Road, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Wannian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Zhao H, Feng L, Cheng R, Wu M, Bai X, Fan L, Liu Y. miR-29c-3p acts as a tumor promoter by regulating β-catenin signaling through suppressing DNMT3A, TET1 and HBP1 in ovarian carcinoma. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110936. [PMID: 37925048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian Carcinoma (OvCa) is characterized by rapid and sustained growth, activated invasion and metastasis. Studies have shown that microRNAs recruit and alter the expression of key regulators to modulate carcinogenesis. Here, we find that miR-29c-3p is increased in benign OvCa and malignant OvCa compared to normal ovary. Univariate and multivariate analyses report that miR-29c-3p overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in OvCa. Furthermore, we investigate that expression of miR-29c-3p is inversely correlated to DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3 A and Ten-Eleven-Translocation enzyme TET1. The high-throughput mRNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and pharmacological studies confirm that aberrant miR-29c-3p modulates tumorigenesis in OvCa cells, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), proliferation, migration, and invasion. This modulation occurs through the regulation of β-catenin signaling by directly targeting 3'UTR of DNMT3A, TET1 and the HMG box transcription factor HBP1 and suppressing their expression. The further 3D spheres assay clearly shows the regulatory effects of miR-29c-3p on OvCa tumorigenesis. Additionally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of miR-29c-3p and the clinical detection/diagnostic biomarker CA125 suggests that miR-29c-3p may be conducive for clinical diagnosis or co-diagnosis of OvCa. These findings support miR-29c-3p functions as a tumor promoter by targeting its functional targets, providing new potential biomarker (s) for precision medicine strategies in OvCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haile Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Man Wu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Xiaozhou Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China
| | - Lifei Fan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, PR China.
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010050, PR China.
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Al-Hazmi NE, Naguib DM. Control the carcinogenic bacteria with new polysaccharides from agricultural wastes. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106343. [PMID: 37709103 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture activities industries produce a huge amount of waste every year. Agricultural wastes are a great source of natural polysaccharides characterized by accessibility, biocompatibility, and ease of modification. Finding new safe antibacterial agents has become one of the top priorities of health organizations worldwide. This priority emerged from the antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria hazard. Carcinogenic bacteria are one of the most dangerous antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. This study tries to investigate the antibacterial activity of polysaccharides from some agricultural wastes against carcinogenic bacteria related to gastrointestinal cancers. We determined the antibacterial activity (in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)) and the biofilm reduction capacity. We studied the mechanism of the antibacterial activity by determining the effect of the MIC of the extracted polysaccharides on the plasma membrane permeability and the bacterial DNA content. All extracted polysaccharides showed effective antibacterial activity with low MICs ranging from 2 to 20 μg/mL. The barely straw polysaccharides showed the highest MIC (19.844 μg/mL) against Bacteroides fragilis, while the grape bagasse showed the lowest MIC (2.489 μg/mL) against Helicobacter pylori. The extracted polysaccharide showed high antibiofilm activity. Their capacity to reduce the formation of the pathogenic biofilm ranged from 75 to 95%. Regarding the antibacterial mechanism, the extracted polysaccharides showed destructive action on the DNA and the plasma membrane permeability. The bacterial DNA change percent after the treatment with the different polysaccharides ranged from 29% to -58%. The plasma membrane permeability increased by a high percentage, ranging from 92% to 123%. Agricultural waste polysaccharides are a promising antibacterial agent against antibiotic-resistant carcinogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal E Al-Hazmi
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biology (Microbiology), University College of Qunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Qunfudah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deyala M Naguib
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Arts in Al-Mikhwah, Al-Baha University, Al-Mikhwah, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Leenutaphong P, Tancharoen S, Kikuchi K, Nararatwanchai T, Phruksaniyom C, Chaichalotornkul S. Downregulation of Tumor Promotor Genes in Oryza Sativa Linn.-Induced Antiproliferative Activity of Human Squamous Carcinoma Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2431-2438. [PMID: 37505777 PMCID: PMC10676469 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.7.2431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral cancer represents the third leading cause of death in Southeast Asia and targeted therapy could prevent or delay disease etymology. Oryza sativa Linn. (OS) extract has been implicated as an antitumor agent in many cancer types, however none has been investigated in human squamous carcinoma-2 (HSC-2) cells, thus we aim to investigate the effects of OS on HSC-2 cells. METHODS Our study investigated the growth inhibitory effects of an ethanolic extract of OS on HSC-2 cells by BrdU ELISA and MTT assays, as well as changes in tumor promoter genes using RT-qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS We found that OS was able to induce cell cytotoxicity and inhibit HSC-2 proliferation. OS also decreased the expression of genes involved in the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway and genes involved in cell motility such as GPNMB, ITGB6, and E2F1 by RT-qPCR. Western blotting confirmed the downregulation of TGF-β1 by OS. Co-treatment of OS and 5-Flurouracil also reversed Snail and Slug overexpression caused by HSC-2 exposure to 5-Flurouracil. CONCLUSION Together, these results indicate that OS can inhibit HSC-2 cell proliferation and this may involve TGF-β1 downregulation. Thus, this study shows OS could be useful for the treatment of patients with squamous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salunya Tancharoen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Kiyoshi Kikuchi
- Division of Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
| | | | - Chareerut Phruksaniyom
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Altieri MA, Sarmiento-Machado LM, Romualdo GR, de Moura NA, Barbisan LF. Dietary Capsaicin Reduces Chemically Induced Rat Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2023; 78:93-99. [PMID: 36334234 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) is the compound responsible for pungency in chili peppers, presenting several biological properties. But its general safety and effectiveness in the context of carcinogenesis has not been fully clarified. Thus, the present study evaluated whether dietary CAP modifies the development of urothelial lesions induced by the carcinogen N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were randomly allocated into 6 groups: G1 - treated with 0.05% BBN in drinking water (weeks 1-12) and received a balanced diet (weeks 1-20); G2 and G3-treated with BBN (weeks 1-12) and received a balanced diet with 0.01 or 0.02% CAP (weeks 1-20), respectively; G4 and G5- only received a balanced diet with 0.01 or 0.02% CAP (weeks 1-20), respectively; G6 - only received a balanced diet (weeks 1-20). At the end of week 20, the incidence and types of urothelial lesions, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 activities were analyzed. A significant reduction was observed in the incidence and multiplicity of simple (p = 0.020 and p = 0.011) and nodular/papillary (p = 0.030 and p = 0.003) hyperplasias and papillomas/carcinomas (p = 0.023 and p = 0.020), epithelial proliferation (p = 0.007) and in the activity of the intermediate form of MMP-2 (p < 0.001) and pro-MMP-9 activities (p < 0.002), in BBN + 0.02% CAP (G3) group in comparison to BBN (G1) group. Capsaicin intake per se did not alter body weight, liver and kidney weights, urothelial histology or serum biochemical parameters. Thus, dietary CAP was safe and showed a protective effect against rat BBN-induced urothelial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Augusto Altieri
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Manuel Sarmiento-Machado
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Nelci Antunes de Moura
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil.
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Chitturi Suryaprakash RT, Shearston K, Farah CS, Fox SA, Iqbal MM, Kadolsky U, Zhong X, Saxena A, Kujan O. A Novel Preclinical In Vitro 3D Model of Oral Carcinogenesis for Biomarker Discovery and Drug Testing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044096. [PMID: 36835505 PMCID: PMC9967961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model of oral carcinogenesis for the rapid, scalable testing of chemotherapeutic agents. Spheroids of normal (HOK) and dysplastic (DOK) human oral keratinocytes were cultured and treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). A 3D invasion assay using Matrigel was performed to validate the model. RNA was extracted and subjected to transcriptomic analysis to validate the model and assess carcinogen-induced changes. The VEGF inhibitors pazopanib and lenvatinib were tested in the model and were validated by a 3D invasion assay, which demonstrated that changes induced by the carcinogen in spheroids were consistent with a malignant phenotype. Further validation was obtained by bioinformatic analyses, which showed the enrichment of pathways associated with hallmarks of cancer and VEGF signalling. Overexpression of common genes associated with tobacco-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), such as MMP1, MMP3, MMP9, YAP1, CYP1A1, and CYP1B1, was also observed. Pazopanib and lenvatinib inhibited the invasion of transformed spheroids. In summary, we successfully established a 3D spheroid model of oral carcinogenesis for biomarker discovery and drug testing. This model is a validated preclinical model for OSCC development and would be suitable for testing a range of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate Shearston
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Camile S. Farah
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Simon A. Fox
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Muhammad Munir Iqbal
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ulrich Kadolsky
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alka Saxena
- Genomics WA, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Suraweera TL, Merlin JPJ, Dellaire G, Xu Z, Rupasinghe HPV. Genistein and Procyanidin B2 Reduce Carcinogen-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage through the Activation of Nrf2/ARE Cell Signaling in Bronchial Epithelial Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043676. [PMID: 36835090 PMCID: PMC9961944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are currently providing the basis for cancer therapies, although both are associated with significant side effects. Thus, cancer prevention through dietary modifications has been receiving growing interest. The potential of selected flavonoids in reducing carcinogen-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage through the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45 (NF-E2)-related factor (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway was studied in vitro. Dose-dependent effects of pre-incubated flavonoids on pro-carcinogen 4-[(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamino]-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNKAc)-induced ROS and DNA damage in human bronchial epithelial cells were studied in comparison to non-flavonoids. The most effective flavonoids were assessed for the activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway. Genistein, procyanidin B2 (PCB2), and quercetin significantly suppressed the NNKAc-induced ROS and DNA damage. Quercetin significantly upregulated the phosphorylated protein kinase B/Akt. PCB2 significantly upregulated the activation of Nrf2 and Akt through phosphorylation. Genistein and PCB2 significantly upregulated the phospho-Nrf2 nuclear translocation and catalase activity. In summary, genistein and PCB2 reduced the NNKAc-induced ROS and DNA damage through the activation of Nrf2. Further studies are required to understand the role of dietary flavonoids on the regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway in relation to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharindu L. Suraweera
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - J. P. Jose Merlin
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
| | - Zhaolin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- QEII Health Sciences Centre, Division of Anatomical Pathology and Cytopathology, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8, Canada
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 2R8, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
- Correspondence:
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9
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Kitamura A, Jiayue C, Suwa T, Kato Y, Wada T, Watanabe H. Neonatal administration of synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol to mice up-regulates inflammatory Cxclchemokines located in the 5qE1 region in the vaginal epithelium. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280421. [PMID: 36928065 PMCID: PMC10019738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A synthetic estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES), is known to cause adult vaginal carcinoma by neonatal administration of DES to mice. However, the carcinogenic process remains unclear. By Cap Analysis of Gene Expression method, we found that neonatal DES exposure up-regulated inflammatory Cxcl chemokines 2, 3, 5, and 7 located in the 5qE1 region in the vaginal epithelium of mice 70 days after birth. When we examined the gene expressions of these genes much earlier stages, we found that neonatal DES exposure increased these Cxcl chemokine genes expression even after 17 days after birth. It implies the DES-mediated persistent activation of inflammatory genes. Intriguingly, we also detected DES-induced non-coding RNAs from a region approximately 100 kb far from the Cxcl5 gene. The non-coding RNA up-regulation by DES exposure was confirmed on the 17-day vagina and continued throughout life, which may responsible for the activation of Cxcl chemokines located in the same region, 5qE1. This study shows that neonatal administration of DES to mice causes long-lasting up-regulation of inflammatory Cxcl chemokines in the vaginal epithelium. DES-mediated inflammation may be associated with the carcinogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Kitamura
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
- Nucleic Acid Regulation (Yoshindo) Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chen Jiayue
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoya Suwa
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Wada
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
- Nucleic Acid Regulation (Yoshindo) Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hajime Watanabe
- Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University, Suita-Shi, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Chen X, Zhang W, Liu R, Zhu Z, Gong M, Wang Q, Qian W, Wu Z, Ma Q, Wang Z. NNK from tobacco smoking enhances pancreatic cancer cell stemness and chemoresistance by creating a β2AR-Akt feedback loop that activates autophagy. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2881-2895. [PMID: 35593085 PMCID: PMC9348597 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low responsiveness to chemotherapy is an important cause of poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Smoking is a high-risk factor for pancreatic cancer and cancer resistance to gemcitabine; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is the main metabolite of tobacco burning and has been shown to be associated with cancer development and chemoresistance. However, in pancreatic cancer, its mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that NNK promoted stemness and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Moreover, NNK increased autophagy and elevated the expression levels of the autophagy-related markers autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5), autophagy-related gene 7 (ATG7), and Beclin1. Furthermore, the results showed that NNK-promoted stemness and gemcitabine resistance was partially dependent on the role of NNK in cell autophagy, which is mediated by the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR)-Akt axis. Finally, we proved that NNK intervention could not only activate β2AR, but also increase its expression, making β2AR and Akt form a feedback loop. Overall, these findings show that the NNK-induced β2AR-Akt feedback loop promotes stemness and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Weifan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Rujuan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Zeen Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Mengyuan Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina
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11
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Li Y, Hecht SS. Metabolic Activation and DNA Interactions of Carcinogenic N-Nitrosamines to Which Humans Are Commonly Exposed. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094559. [PMID: 35562949 PMCID: PMC9105260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenic N-nitrosamine contamination in certain drugs has recently caused great concern and the attention of regulatory agencies. These carcinogens-widely detectable in relatively low levels in food, water, cosmetics, and drugs-are well-established and powerful animal carcinogens. The electrophiles resulting from the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of N-nitrosamines can readily react with DNA and form covalent addition products (DNA adducts) that play a central role in carcinogenesis if not repaired. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive and updated review of progress on the metabolic activation and DNA interactions of 10 carcinogenic N-nitrosamines to which humans are commonly exposed. Certain DNA adducts such as O6-methylguanine with established miscoding properties play central roles in the cancer induction process, whereas others have been linked to the high incidence of certain types of cancers. We hope the data summarized here will help researchers gain a better understanding of the bioactivation and DNA interactions of these 10 carcinogenic N-nitrosamines and facilitate further research on their toxicologic and carcinogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Li
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-612-624-8187
| | - Stephen S. Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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12
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Hati S, Hu Q, Huo Z, Lu J, Xing C. In vivo Structure-Activity Relationship of Dihydromethysticin in Reducing Nicotine-Derived Nitrosamine Ketone (NNK)-Induced Lung DNA Damage against Lung Carcinogenesis in A/J Mice. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100727. [PMID: 35064644 PMCID: PMC9399735 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and chemoprevention should be developed. We recently identified dihydromethysticin (DHM) as a promising candidate to prevent NNK-induced lung tumorigenesis. To probe its mechanisms and facilitate its future translation, we investigated the structure-activity relationship of DHM on NNK-induced DNA damage in A/J mice. Twenty DHM analogs were designed and synthesized. Their activity in reducing NNK-induced DNA damage in the target lung tissues was evaluated. The unnatural enantiomer of DHM was identified to be more potent than the natural enantiomer. The methylenedioxy functional moiety did not tolerate modifications while the other functional groups (the lactone ring and the ethyl linker) accommodated various modifications. Importantly, analogs of high structural similarity to DHM with distinct efficacy in reducing NNK-induced DNA damage have been identified. They will serve as chemical probes to elucidate the mechanisms of DHM in blocking NNK-induced lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Hati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Junxuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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13
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Wong KM, King DA, Schwartz EK, Herrera RE, Morrison AJ. Retinoblastoma protein regulates carcinogen susceptibility at heterochromatic cancer driver loci. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202101134. [PMID: 34983823 PMCID: PMC8739494 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenic insult, such as UV light exposure, creates DNA lesions that evolve into mutations if left unrepaired. These resulting mutations can contribute to carcinogenesis and drive malignant phenotypes. Susceptibility to carcinogens (i.e., the propensity to form a carcinogen-induced DNA lesion) is regulated by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Importantly, carcinogen susceptibility is a critical contributor to cancer mutagenesis. It is known that mutations can be prevented by tumor suppressor regulation of DNA damage response pathways; however, their roles carcinogen susceptibility have not yet been reported. In this study, we reveal that the retinoblastoma (RB1) tumor suppressor regulates UV susceptibility across broad regions of the genome. In particular, centromere and telomere-proximal regions exhibit significant increases in UV lesion susceptibility when RB1 is deleted. Several cancer-related genes are located within genomic regions of increased susceptibility, including telomerase reverse transcriptase, TERT, thereby accelerating mutagenic potential in cancers with RB1 pathway alterations. These findings reveal novel genome stability mechanisms of a tumor suppressor and uncover new pathways to accumulate mutations during cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Man Wong
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Devin A King
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Erin K Schwartz
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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14
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Pei Z, Ning J, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhang H, Zhang R. Genetic instability of lung induced by carbon black nanoparticles is related with Plk1 signals changes. NanoImpact 2022; 26:100400. [PMID: 35560285 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a possible carcinogen, carbon black has threatened public health. However, the evidences are insufficient and the mechanism of carcinogenesis is still not specified. Thirty rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely 0, 5 and 30 mg/m3 Carbon Black nanoparticles (CBNPs) groups, respectively. Rats were treated with CBNPs by nose-only inhalation for 28 days, 6 h/day. The human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells were treated with 0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL CBNPs for 24 h. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) overexpression cell line was established by pcDNA3.1-PLK1 stable transfection. Our results showed that CBNPs exposure could induce DNA damage and genetic changes as well as apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. The DNA repair ability increased after CBNPs exposure. Cell cycle process was retarded at the G2/M phases in 16HBE cells after CBNPs treatment. The PLK1, ChK2 GADD45α and XRCC1 expression levels changed in rat lung and 16HBE cells after CBNPs treatment. Compared with NC 16HBE cells, DNA damage and repair, numbers of apoptotic cells and micronucleus (MN) rates, as well as the ChK2, GADD45α, XRCC1 expression levels decreased, whereas cytokinesis block proliferation index (CBPI) and replicative index (RI) increase in PLK overexpression (PLK+/+) cells after CBNPs treatment. This study highlighted that PLK1 related with the genetic toxicity of CBNPs in vitro and in vivo. Our results provided evidences supporting reclassification of carbon black as a human possible carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Pei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jie Ning
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Helin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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15
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Sarlak S, Lalou C, Sant'Anna-Silva ACB, Mafhouf W, De Luise M, Rousseau B, Izotte J, Claverol S, Lacombe D, Nikitopoulou E, Yang M, Oliveira M, Frezza C, Gasparre G, Rezvani HR, Amoedo ND, Rossignol R. Lung Tumor Growth Promotion by Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines Involves the β2-Adrenergic Receptors-Dependent Stimulation of Mitochondrial REDOX Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:525-549. [PMID: 34715750 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and tobacco smoking is a recognized major risk factor for lung tumor development. We analyzed the effect of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) on human lung adenocarcinoma metabolic reprogramming, an emergent hallmark of carcinogenesis. Results: A series of in vitro and in vivo bioenergetic, proteomic, metabolomic, and tumor biology studies were performed to analyze changes in lung cancer cell metabolism and the consequences for hallmarks of cancer, including tumor growth, cancer cell invasion, and redox signaling. The findings revealed that nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) stimulates mitochondrial function and promotes lung tumor growth in vivo. These malignant properties were acquired from the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis induced by the upregulation and activation of the beta-2 adrenergic receptors (β2-AR)-cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 subunit (CHRNAα7)-dependent nitrosamine canonical signaling pathway. The observed NNK metabolic effects were mediated by TFAM overexpression and revealed a key role for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and Annexin A1 in tumor growth promotion. Conversely, ectopic expression of the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase rescued the reprogramming and malignant metabolic effects of exposure to NNK and overexpression of TFAM, underlining the link between NNK and mitochondrial redox signaling in lung cancer. Innovation: Our findings describe the metabolic changes caused by NNK in a mechanistic framework for understanding how cigarette smoking causes lung cancer. Conclusion: Mitochondria play a role in the promotion of lung cancer induced by tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 525-549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saharnaz Sarlak
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claude Lalou
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Walid Mafhouf
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Monica De Luise
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Unit of Medical Genetics, Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Benoît Rousseau
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- Transgenic Animal Facility A2, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Izotte
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- Transgenic Animal Facility A2, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- Proteomics Facility, Functional Genomics Center (CGFB), Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
| | - Efterpi Nikitopoulou
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ming Yang
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Oliveira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christian Frezza
- Medical Research Council Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Unit of Medical Genetics, Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Nivea Dias Amoedo
- CELLOMET, Functional Genomics Center of Bordeaux (CGFB), Bordeaux, France
| | - Rodrigue Rossignol
- Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM U1211, Bordeaux, France
- CELLOMET, Functional Genomics Center of Bordeaux (CGFB), Bordeaux, France
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16
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Teranishi K. Near-infrared chemiluminescence imaging of superoxide anion production in kidneys with iron 3+-nitrilotriacetate-induced acute renal oxidative stress in rats. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 228:112391. [PMID: 35074679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron-catalyzed oxidative stress generates reactive oxygen species in the kidney and induces oxidative damage including lipid, protein, and DNA modifications which induces renal injury and may lead to cancer. An analysis of oxidative stress dynamics by reactive oxygen species has not been performed non-invasively in real time in intact kidneys and is a significant challenge in biology and medicine. Here, I report that MCLA-800 is a near-infrared chemiluminescent probe that visualizes the dynamics of superoxide anion (O2•-) production and the upstream generation of reactive oxygen species in living rat kidneys suffering acute renal oxidative stress induced by intraperitoneal administration of iron3+-nitrilotriacetate (Fe3+-NTA) as a representative Fe3+ chelate. MCLA-800 was intravenously injected at 250 nmol/kg body weight and immediately transported to the kidneys with the emitting light dependent on O2•- production. The magnitude of O2•- production correlated with the Fe3+-NTA dose. O2•- was continuously produced in the blood stream following Fe3+-NTA injection at 0.15 mmol/kg body weight, while peak production in the renal cortex occurred at 24 h, then decreased to the background level at 72 h. This study clearly revealed the dynamics of Fe3+-NTA-mediated O2•- production in the living kidney by chemiluminescent imaging of O2•- production using MCLA-800.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Teranishi
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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17
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Zhou J, Xiong R, Zhou J, Guan X, Jiang G, Chen Y, Yang Q. Involvement of m6A regulatory factor IGF2BP1 in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells induced by tobacco carcinogen NNK. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 436:115849. [PMID: 34974052 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a Group 1 human carcinogen, as classified by the International Agency for Research of Cancer (IARC), and plays a significant role in lung carcinogenesis. However, its carcinogenic mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we performed colony formation assays, soft-agar assays, and tumor growth in nude mice to show that 100 mg/L NNK facilitates the malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells. Transcriptome sequencing showed that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1), a post-transcriptional regulator, was differentially expressed in NNK-induced malignant transformed Beas-2B cells (2B-NNK cells). Small interfering RNA (SiRNA) was used to downregulate the expression of the IGF2BP1 gene. The reduction in protein expression, cell proliferation rate, and colony-forming ability and the increase in the apoptosis rate of Beas-2B cells transfected with the SiRNA indicated a role for IGF2BP1 in NNK-induced malignant transformation. IGF2BP1 is an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulatory factor, but it is not known whether its association with m6A mediates the malignant transformation of cells. Therefore, we measured the overall levels of m6A in Beas-2B cells. We found that the overall m6A level was lower in 2B-NNK cells, and knocking down IGF2BP1, the overall level of m6A was restored. Hence, we concluded that IGF2BP1 is involved in the NNK-induced malignant transformation of Beas-2B cells, possibly via m6A modification. This study therefore contributes novel insights into the environmental pathogenesis of lung cancer and the gene regulatory mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhou
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiazhen Zhou
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xinchao Guan
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Guanqing Jiang
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- School of Anesthesiology, Southern Medical University, 1023-1063 Shatai Nan Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiaoyuan Yang
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, Panyu District, Guangzhou 511436, China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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18
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Paiva RL, de Figueiredo MAZ, Cherubini K, Da Silva VD, Salum FG. Cytological Screening Model of Normal Oral Mucosa Exposed to Carcinogens: A Pilot Study. Acta Cytol 2021; 66:114-123. [PMID: 34784590 DOI: 10.1159/000519877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral cytopathology is able to detect incipient cellular alterations, but it is not routinely applied to this purpose. We aimed to establish a model to screen individuals with no oral lesion exposed to smoking/alcohol, by means of the nuclear area, cell proliferation rate, and analysis of genetic damage. METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study, 90 patients were allocated into 3 groups: oral cancer group (patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma), tobacco/alcohol group (patients without oral lesions and exposed to these risk factors), and control group (individuals with no lesion and not exposed to tobacco and alcohol). The cytological smears performed in these individuals were stained with Papanicolaou, a silver-staining and a Feulgen reaction. The nuclei of cells were measured, and AgNORs/nucleus and micronuclei (MN) were quantified. The cutoff values were stipulated evaluating the healthy mucosa (control group) and the cancerization field mucosa (oral cancer group). RESULTS Cutoff values for the screening of individuals exposed to carcinogens were ≥8% of nuclei larger than 100 μm2, ≥3.38 AgNOR/nucleus, and ≥3 MN per 1,000 cells. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear area measurement and AgNORs/nucleus and MN quantification identified the incipient phase of oral carcinogenesis. A screening model for individuals without oral lesion exposed to smoking/alcohol was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Losekann Paiva
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Cherubini
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Gonçalves Salum
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Lorenz V, Rossetti MF, Dallegrave E, Milesi MM, Varayoud J. Editorial: Glyphosate Herbicide as Endocrine Disruptor and Probable Human Carcinogen: Current Knowledge and Future Direction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:772911. [PMID: 34675889 PMCID: PMC8524447 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.772911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Lorenz
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Rossetti
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Eliane Dallegrave
- Pharmacosciences Department, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - María Mercedes Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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20
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Downs TR, Arlt VM, Barnett BC, Posgai R, Pfuhler S. Effect of 2-acetylaminofluorene and its genotoxic metabolites on DNA adduct formation and DNA damage in 3D reconstructed human skin tissue models. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:63-74. [PMID: 31816077 PMCID: PMC8081378 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro genotoxicity assays utilising human skin models are becoming important tools for the safety assessment of chemicals whose primary exposure is via the dermal route. In order to explore metabolic competency and inducibility of CYP450 activating enzymes, 3D reconstructed human skin tissues were topically treated with 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and its genotoxic metabolites, N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-OH-2-AAF) and N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-2-AF), which primarily cause DNA damage by forming DNA adducts. 2-AAF did not increase DNA damage measured in the reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay when administered in multiple applications at 24 h intervals but was detected in the skin comet assay in the presence of the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin (APC). Similarly, no increase was found with N-OH-2-AAF in the RSMN assay after multiple treatments whereas a single 3 h exposure to N-OH-2-AAF caused a large dose-related increase in the skin comet assay. A significant increase in the RSMN assay was only obtained with the highly reactive N-OH-2-AF metabolite after multiple treatments over 72 h, whereas N-OH-2-AF caused a strong increase after a single 3 h exposure in the skin comet assay. In support of these results, DNA adduct formation, measured by the 32P-postlabelling assay, was examined. Adduct levels after 2-AAF treatment for 3 h were minimal but increased >10-fold after multiple exposures over 48 h, suggesting that enzyme(s) that metabolise 2-AAF are induced in the skin models. As expected, a single 3 h exposure to N-OH-2-AAF and N-OH-2-AF resulted in adduct levels that were at least 10-fold greater than those after multiple exposures to 2-AAF despite ~100-fold lower tested concentrations. Our results demonstrate that DNA damage caused by 2-AAF metabolites is more efficiently detected in the skin comet assay than the RSMN assay and after multiple exposures and enzyme induction, 2-AAF-induced DNA damage can be detected in the APC-modified comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards, King’s College London in Partnership with Public Health England and Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Stefan Pfuhler
- Procter & Gamble, Mason, OH, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 513 622 1163; E-mail:
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21
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Qu Z, Zhang L, Hou R, Ma X, Yu J, Zhang W, Zhuang C. Exposure to a mixture of cigarette smoke carcinogens disturbs gut microbiota and influences metabolic homeostasis in A/J mice. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 344:109496. [PMID: 33939976 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An increased risk of developing lung cancer has been associated with exposure to cigarette smoke carcinogens and alteration in the gut microbiota. However, there is limited understanding about the impact of exposure to NNK and BaP, the two important components of cigarette smoke carcinogens, on gut microbiota in lung cancer. The present study characterized the influence of exposure to a mixture of NNK plus BaP on lung cancer, feces metabolite composition, and gut microbiota in the A/J mice. The A/J mice were administered NNK plus BaP, and the changes in gut microbiota and feces metabolic profiles were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics, respectively. Results presented here illustrated that a mixture of NNK plus BaP exposure triggered lung carcinogenesis as shown by light microscopy and histopathological evaluation. 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota indicated that exposure to NNK plus BaP could modified fecal bacterial composition. Elevated levels of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Intestinimonas and reduced levels of Alistipes, Odoribacter, and Acetatifactor are associated with NNK plus BaP triggered lung cancer. In addition, metabolomics profile revealed the regulation of metabolism including purine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid metabolism, and others. In conclusion, the results provide some guidance for using gut microbes as biomarkers to assess the progression of lung cancer, and lead to interventional targets to control the development of the disease in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Ruilin Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xueqin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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22
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Francielli De Oliveira P, Leandro LF, Furtado RA, Ferreira NH, Pauletti PM, Barbosa Araújo AR, Uyemura SA, Tavares DC. Styrax camporum, a typical species of the Brazilian cerrado, attenuates DNA damage, preneoplastic lesions and oxidative stress in experimental rat colon carcinogenesis. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2021; 84:582-592. [PMID: 33825664 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1910090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Styrax camporum Pohl, a typical species from the Brazilian cerrado, commonly known as "benjoeiro", is used to treat gastroduodenal diseases. In previous studies carried out by our research group, hydroalcoholic extract of S. camporum stems (SCHE) exhibited antigenotoxic and antiproliferative effects. For a comparative analysis of the chemopreventive effect of SCHE, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of SCHE against carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions in Wistar rat colon. Animals were treated orally with SCHE at 250, 500 or 1000 mg/kg body weight in conjunction with a subcutaneous injection of DMH. DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay while tpre-neoplastic lesions by aberrant crypt foci (ACF) assay. The following hepatic oxidative stress markers were determined including activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Treatment with SCHE was not genotoxic or carcinogenic at the highest dose tested (1000 mg/kg b.w.). The extract effectively inhibited DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions induced by DMH administration at all concentrations tested. Measurement of CAT, and GST activities and levels of GSH showed that SCHE did not reduce oxidative processes. In contrast, treatment with SCHE (1000 mg/kg b.w.) decreased liver MDA levels. Taken together, these findings suggested the chemopreventive effect attributed to SCHE in colon carcinogenesis, may be related to its capacity to inhibit DNA damage as well as an antioxidant action associated with its chemical constituents egonol and homoegonol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sérgio Akira Uyemura
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas De Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Balthazar CF, de Moura NA, Romualdo GR, Rocha RS, Pimentel TC, Esmerino EA, Freitas MQ, Santillo A, Silva MC, Barbisan LF, Cruz AG, Albenzio M. Synbiotic sheep milk ice cream reduces chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7406-7414. [PMID: 33934866 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sheep dairy products containing prebiotic and probiotic ingredients may have health-promoting properties. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of sheep milk ice cream [conventional full-fat (CONV), full-fat enriched with probiotic (PROB, 100 mg % wt/wt of Lacticaseibacillus casei 01), or nonfat synbiotic (SYNB, Lacticaseibacillus casei 01 and inulin, 10% wt/wt)] on carcinogen-induced colonic crypt cytotoxicity and premalignant lesion development. Male Swiss mice received 2 doses of colon carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM, 15 mg/kg of body weight) at wk 3 and 4. Two weeks before and during AOM administrations (4 wk) mice were treated with CONV, PROB, or SYNB by gavage (10 mL/kg). Mice were euthanized at wk 4 or 25 (n = 5 or 10 mice/group, respectively). At wk 4, a significant reduction in micronucleated colonocytes was observed in PROB and SYNB groups, and a significant decrease in both p53 expression and apoptosis indexes in colonic crypts was observed in SYNB group. At wk 25, both PROB and SYNB interventions reduced the mean number of colonic premalignant lesions. However, only SYNB group showed lower incidence and number of high-grade premalignant lesions in the colonic mucosa. These findings indicate that PROB or SYNB sheep milk ice cream, especially SYNB intervention, can reduce chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso F Balthazar
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-862, SP, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing of Animal Products, Veterinary School, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, 24220-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nelci A de Moura
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme R Romualdo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ramon S Rocha
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing of Animal Products, Veterinary School, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, 24220-000, RJ, Brazil; Department of Food, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20270-021, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C Pimentel
- Department of Food Science, Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR), Paranavaí, 87703-536, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erick A Esmerino
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing of Animal Products, Veterinary School, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, 24220-000, RJ, Brazil; Department of Food, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20270-021, RJ, Brazil; Department of Food Technology, Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, 23890-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mônica Q Freitas
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing of Animal Products, Veterinary School, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, 24220-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonella Santillo
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia (UNIFG), Foggia, 71122, Italy
| | - Marcia Cristina Silva
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20270-021, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis F Barbisan
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Technological Processing of Animal Products, Veterinary School, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, 24220-000, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano G Cruz
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20270-021, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marzia Albenzio
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia (UNIFG), Foggia, 71122, Italy.
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24
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Szabo L, Molnar R, Tomesz A, Deutsch A, Darago R, Nowrasteh G, Varjas T, Nemeth B, Budan F, Kiss I. The effects of flavonoids, green tea polyphenols and coffee on DMBA induced LINE-1 DNA hypomethylation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250157. [PMID: 33878138 PMCID: PMC8057585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The intake of carcinogenic and chemopreventive compounds are important nutritional factors related to the development of malignant tumorous diseases. Repetitive long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1) DNA methylation pattern plays a key role in both carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. In our present in vivo animal model, we examined LINE-1 DNA methylation pattern as potential biomarker in the liver, spleen and kidney of mice consuming green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract (catechins 80%), a chinese bayberry (Morella rubra) extract (myricetin 80%), a flavonoid extract (with added resveratrol) and coffee (Coffee arabica) extract. In the organs examined, carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced hypomethylation was prevented by all test materials except chinese bayberry extract in the kidneys. Moreover, the flavonoid extract caused significant hypermethylation in the liver compared to untreated controls and to other test materials. The tested chemopreventive substances have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties and regulate molecular biological signaling pathways. They increase glutathione levels, induce antioxidant enzymes, which decrease free radical damage caused by DMBA, and ultimately, they are able to increase the activity of DNA methyltransferase enzymes. Furthermore, flavonoids in the liver may inhibit the procarcinogen to carcinogen activation of DMBA through the inhibition of CYP1A1 enzyme. At the same time, paradoxically, myricetin can act as a prooxidant as a result of free radical damage, which can explain that it did not prevent hypomethylation in the kidneys. Our results demonstrated that LINE-1 DNA methylation pattern is a useful potential biomarker for detecting and monitoring carcinogenic and chemopreventive effects of dietary compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Szabo
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Richard Molnar
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andras Tomesz
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Arpad Deutsch
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Richard Darago
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Timea Varjas
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Nemeth
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Budan
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Istvan Kiss
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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25
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-fat diet has been considered a risk factor for the development of pancreatic cancer. It is also shown to significantly impact composition and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in both humans and animals. However, there is little information on the effect of high-fat diet on the development of pancreatic cancer or upon the gut microbiota of patients with pancreatic cancer in humans or animal models. METHODS In this study, the effect of high-fat diet on cancer pathology and the gut microbiota was investigated by a carcinogen-induced pancreatic cancer mouse model. RESULTS Compared with carcinogen alone, mice with high-fat diet and carcinogen showed more obvious pathological changes in pancreatic tissue; increased levels of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and carbohydrate antigen 242; and increased expression of cancer-associated biomarkers mucin-4 and claudin-4 in pancreatic tissue. Moreover, there is a significant change in the gut microbiota between the carcinogen group and the carcinogen with high-fat diet group. We identified that Johnsonella ignava especially existed in the carcinogen with high-fat diet group, which may contribute to pancreatic cancer development. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that high-fat diet changed the composition of the gut microbiota and was involved in carcinogen-induced pancreatic cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Liu
- From the Department of Surgery, Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | | | - Yi Xin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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26
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Horiuchi M, Taguchi K, Hirose W, Tsuchida K, Suzuki M, Taniyama Y, Kamei T, Yamamoto M. Cellular Nrf2 Levels Determine Cell Fate during Chemical Carcinogenesis in Esophageal Epithelium. Mol Cell Biol 2021; 41:e00536-20. [PMID: 33257504 PMCID: PMC8093497 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00536-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 is essential for cytoprotection against carcinogens, and through systemic Nrf2 knockout mice, Nrf2-deficient cells were shown to be susceptible to chemical carcinogens and prone to developing cancers. However, the oncogenic potential of Nrf2-deficient epithelial cells surrounded by normal cells in the esophagus could not be assessed by previous models, and the fate of Nrf2-deficient cells in such situations remains elusive. In this study, therefore, we generated mice that harbor almost equal levels of cells with Nrf2 deleted and those with Nrf2 intact in the basal layer of the esophageal epithelium, utilizing inducible Cre-mediated recombination of Nrf2 alleles in adults through moderate use of tamoxifen. In this mouse model, epithelial cells with Nrf2 deleted were maintained with no obvious decrease or phenotypic changes for 12 weeks under unstressed conditions. Upon exposure to the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO), the cells with Nrf2 deleted accumulated DNA damage and selectively disappeared from the epithelium, so almost all 4NQO-induced tumors originated from cells with Nrf2 intact and not from those with Nrf2 deleted. We propose that cells with Nrf2 deleted do not undergo carcinogenesis due to selective elimination upon exposure to 4NQO, indicating that cellular Nrf2 abundance and the epithelial environment determine the cell fate or oncogenic potential of esophageal epithelial cells in 4NQO-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Horiuchi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Taguchi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wataru Hirose
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsuchida
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mikiko Suzuki
- Center for Radioisotope Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniyama
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamei
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Innovations in Next-Generation Medicine (INGEM), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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27
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Lee Y, Ma EL, Patel M, Kim G, Howe C, Pothoulakis C, Kim YS, Im E, Rhee SH. Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Alters the Tumor Development and Growth in Apcmin/+ Mice and in a Chemically-Induced Model of Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031043. [PMID: 33494263 PMCID: PMC7864487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroendocrine circuit of the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) family peptides, via their cognate receptors CRHR1 and CRHR2, copes with psychological stress. However, peripheral effects of the CRH system in colon cancer remains elusive. Thus, we investigate the role of CRHR1 and CRHR2 in colon cancer. Human colon cancer biopsies were used to measure the mRNA levels of the CRH family by quantitative real-time PCR. Two animal models of colon cancer were used: Apcmin/+ mice and azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice. The mRNA levels of CRHR2 and UCN III are reduced in human colon cancer tissues compared to those of normal tissues. Crhr1 deletion suppresses the tumor development and growth in Apcmin/+ mice, while Crhr2 deficiency exacerbates the tumorigenicity. Crhr1 deficiency not only inhibits the expression of tumor-promoting cyclooxygenase 2, but also upregulates tumor-suppressing phospholipase A2 in Apcmin/+ mice; however, Crhr2 deficiency does not change these expressions. In the AOM/DSS model, Crhr2 deficiency worsens the tumorigenesis. In conclusion, Crhr1 deficiency confers tumor-suppressing effects in Apcmin/+ mice, but Crhr2 deficiency worsens the tumorigenicity in both Apcmin/+ and AOM/DSS-treated mice. Therefore, pharmacological inhibitors of CRHR1 or activators of CRHR2 could be of significance as anti-colon cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunna Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Elise L. Ma
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, and Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatcher and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (E.L.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Marisa Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (M.P.); (G.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Gayoung Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (M.P.); (G.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Cody Howe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (M.P.); (G.K.); (C.H.)
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, and Center for Systems Biomedicine, Vatcher and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (E.L.M.); (C.P.)
| | - Yong Sung Kim
- Digestive Disease Research Institute and GutnFood Healthcare Inc., School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence: (E.I.); (S.H.R.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2812 (E.I.); +1-248-370-4162 (S.H.R.)
| | - Sang Hoon Rhee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; (M.P.); (G.K.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence: (E.I.); (S.H.R.); Tel.: +82-51-510-2812 (E.I.); +1-248-370-4162 (S.H.R.)
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28
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Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely spread persistent environmental toxicants. Its typical representative benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a human carcinogen. BaP can pass through the placental barrier and is finally metabolized into benzo[a]pyren-7, 8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-epoxide (BPDE). BPDE can form DNA adducts, which directly affect the female reproductive health. Based on the special physiological functions of trophoblast cells and its important effect on normal pregnancy, this chapter describes the toxicity and molecular mechanism of BPDE-induced dysfunctions of trophoblast cells. By affecting the invasion, migration, apoptosis, proliferation, inflammation, and hormone secretion of trophoblast cells, BPDE causes diseases such as choriocarcinoma, intrauterine growth restriction, eclampsia, and abortion. In the end, it is expected to provide a scientific basis and prevention approach for women's reproductive health and decision-making basis for the formulation of environmental health standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenglong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Female Reproductive Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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29
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Arshad M, Wang Z, Nasir JA, Amador E, Jin M, Li H, Chen Z, Rehman ZU, Chen W. Single source precursor synthesized CuS nanoparticles for NIR phototherapy of cancer and photodegradation of organic carcinogen. J Photochem Photobiol B 2021; 214:112084. [PMID: 33248881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report cost effective and body compatible CuS nanoparticles (NPs) derived from a single source precursor as photothermal agent for healing deep cancer and photocatalytic remediation of organic carcinogens. These NPs efficiently kill MCF7 cells (both in vivo and in vitro) under NIR irradiation by raising the temperature of tumor cells. Such materials can be used for the treatment of deep cancer as they can produce a heating effect using high wavelength and deeply penetrating NIR radiation. Furthermore, CuS NPs under solar light irradiation efficiently convert p-nitrophenol (PNP), an environmental carcinogen, to p-aminophenol (PAP) of pharmaceutical implication. In a nutshell, CuS can be used for the treatment of deep cancer and for the remediation of carcinogenic pollutants. There seems an intrinsic connection between the two functions of CuS NPs that need to be explored in length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jamal Abdul Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Eric Amador
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Mingwu Jin
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Zhigang Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zia Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
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30
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't Mannetje AM. The carcinogenicity of pesticides used in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2020; 133:76-88. [PMID: 33332342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the number and weight of pesticides used in New Zealand agriculture that are classified as known or suspected human carcinogens. METHODS The yearly usage of active ingredients was extracted from the most recent (2005) report on pesticide use. For each active ingredient, the carcinogenicity classification of three regulatory agencies (New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority [EPA NZ], US Environmental Protection Agency, European Chemicals Agency) was extracted. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph Programme's classifications were also considered. Total tonnes of active ingredients were calculated according to each classification. RESULTS None of the pesticides are classified as known human carcinogens. In total, 56 active ingredients are listed as suspected carcinogens by at least one of the four agencies, including 16 high-use ingredients, representing up to 51% of the total yearly quantity. Agency-specific estimates ranged between 4-26% (148-872 tonnes) with the EPA NZ classification yielding the lowest estimate. The suspected carcinogen weight was highest for fungicides (estimates based on the three regulatory agencies ranged between 72-540 tonnes), followed by herbicides (60-200 tonnes) and insecticides (16 tonnes). CONCLUSIONS New Zealand's use of pesticides that are suspected carcinogens is high. Efforts to increase awareness and reduce exposure need to be considered.
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31
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Kuryłowicz K, Cierniak A, Madej E, Skalniak Ł, Wolnicka-Głubisz A. Resveratrol enhances apoptosis induced by the heterocyclic aromatic amines in p53-wt LoVo cells, but not in p53-deficient HaCaT cells. Acta Biochim Pol 2020; 67:605-611. [PMID: 33108147 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the influence of resveratrol on PhIP treated human colon cancer cells and compared the effect to HaCaT cells considered as normal, human keratinocytes. Our results show that resveratrol decreases DNA damage in both cell types, it increases the sensitivity of LoVo cells to apoptosis and has no effect on PhIP-treated HaCaT cells. We confirm that PhIP-induced apoptosis is p53 and caspase 3/7 dependent. Interestingly, normal cells such as HaCaT, which lack functional p53 are more resistant to PhIP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kuryłowicz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cierniak
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow, University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Madej
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Łukasz Skalniak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wolnicka-Głubisz
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Tomlinson T, Fernandes A, Grollman AP. Aristolochia Herbs and Iatrogenic Disease: The Case of Portland's Powders. Yale J Biol Med 2020; 93:355-363. [PMID: 32607094 PMCID: PMC7309663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochia herbals have a 2500-year history of medicinal use. We focused this article on Portland's Powders, an 18th-century British gout medicine containing Aristolochia herbs. The powders constitute an 18th-century iteration of an herbal remedy, which was used, with variations, since at least the fifth century BCE. The use of Portland's Powders in Great Britain may appear to be an unusual choice for investigating a public health problem currently widespread in Asia. Yet it exemplifies long-term medicinal use of Aristolochia herbs, reflecting our argument that aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN) is a historically persistent iatrogenic disease. Moreover, we provide compelling evidence that individuals taking Portland's Powders for gout would have ingested toxic quantities of aristolochic acid, which causes AAN and cancer. Several factors, including long history of use, latency of toxic effects, and lack of effective regulation, perpetuate usage of Aristolochia herbals to the present day.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Arthur P. Grollman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Abstract
Spironolactone (SP) is commonly used for the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, and complications of cirrhosis by antagonizing the mineralocorticoid receptor. However, SP also antagonizes the androgen receptor, and thus SP has also been shown to be effective in the treatment of acne, hair loss, and hirsutism in women. Interestingly, recent drug repurposing screens have identified new and diverse functions for SP as a simulator of tumor immunosurveillance and as an inhibitor of DNA repair and viral infection. These novel pharmacological effects of SP have all been linked to the ability of SP to induce the rapid proteolytic degradation of the xeroderma pigmentosum group B (XPB) protein. XPB is a critical enzymatic component of the multi-subunit complex known as transcription factor II-H (TFIIH), which plays essential roles in both DNA repair and the initiation of transcription. Given the critical functions for XPB and TFIIH in these processes, the loss of XPB by SP could lead to mutagenesis. However, the ability of SP to promote cancer stem cell death and facilitate immune recognition may counteract the negative consequences of SP to mitigate carcinogenic risk. Thus, SP appears to have new and interesting pharmacological effects that may extend its potential uses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael G. Kemp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; (R.D.G.); (R.R.H.)
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Farag MR, Alagawany M, Bin-Jumah M, Othman SI, Khafaga AF, Shaheen HM, Samak D, Shehata AM, Allam AA, Abd El-Hack ME. The Toxicological Aspects of the Heat-Borne Toxicant 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in Animals: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E1941. [PMID: 32331408 PMCID: PMC7221839 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of adverse reactions in food is very low, however, some food products contain toxins formed naturally due to their handling, processing and storage conditions. 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural (HMF) can be formed by hydrogenation of sugar substances in some of manufactured foodstuffs and honey under elevated temperatures and reduced pH conditions following Maillard reactions. In previous studies, it was found that HMF was responsible for harmful (mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic and enzyme inhibitory) effects on human health. HMF occurs in a wide variety of food products like dried fruit, juice, caramel products, coffee, bakery, malt and vinegar. The formation of HMF is not only an indicator of food storage conditions and quality, but HMF could also be used as an indicator of the potential occurrence of contamination during heat-processing of some food products such as coffee, milk, honey and processed fruits. This review focuses on HMF formation and summarizes the adverse effects of HMF on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (M.B.-J.); (S.I.O.)
| | - Sarah I. Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (M.B.-J.); (S.I.O.)
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Hazem M. Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Dalia Samak
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Abdelrazeq M. Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211, Egypt;
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Mastuo T, Miyata Y, Yuno T, Mukae Y, Otsubo A, Mitsunari K, Ohba K, Sakai H. Molecular Mechanisms of the Anti-Cancer Effects of Isothiocyanates from Cruciferous Vegetables in Bladder Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030575. [PMID: 32013065 PMCID: PMC7037050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a representative of urological cancer with a high recurrence and metastasis potential. Currently, cisplatin-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are used as standard therapy in patients with advanced/metastatic BC. However, these therapies often show severe adverse events, and prolongation of survival is unsatisfactory. Therefore, a treatment strategy using natural compounds is of great interest. In this review, we focused on the anti-cancer effects of isothiocyanates (ITCs) derived from cruciferous vegetables, which are widely cultivated and consumed in many regions worldwide. Specifically, we discuss the anti-cancer effects of four ITC compounds—allyl isothiocyanate, benzyl isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, and phenethyl isothiocyanate—in BC; the molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-cancer effects; current trends and future direction of ITC-based treatment strategies; and the carcinogenic potential of ITCs. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of each ITC in BC treatment, furthering the consideration of ITCs in treatment strategies and for improving the prognosis of patients with BC.
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Furlan V, Bren U. Protective Effects of [6]-Gingerol Against Chemical Carcinogens: Mechanistic Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E695. [PMID: 31973096 PMCID: PMC7037038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
[6]-Gingerol from ginger has received considerable attention as a potential cancer therapeutic agent because of its chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects, as well as its safety. In the current study, we examined [6]-gingerol as a natural scavenger of nine ultimate chemical carcinogens to which we are frequently exposed: glycidamide, styrene oxide, aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide, β-propiolactone, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 2-cyanoethylene oxide, chloroethylene oxide, and vinyl carbamate epoxide. To evaluate [6]-gingerol efficacy, we expanded our research with the examination of glutathione-the strongest natural scavenger in human cells. The corresponding activation free energies were calculated using Hartree-Fock method with three flexible basis sets and two implicit solvation models. According to our results, [6]-gingerol proves to be an extremely effective scavenger of chemical carcinogens of the epoxy type. On the other hand, with the exception of aflatoxin B1 exo-8,9-epoxide, glutathione represents a relatively poor scavenger, whose efficacy could be augmented by [6]-gingerol. Moreover, our quantum mechanical study of the alkylation reactions of chemical carcinogens with [6]-gingerol and glutathione provide valuable insights in the reaction mechanisms and the geometries of the corresponding transition states. Therefore, we strongly believe that our research forms a solid basis for further computational, experimental and clinical studies of anticarcinogenic properties of [6]-gingerol as well as for the development of novel chemoprophylactic dietary supplements. Finally, the obtained results also point to the applicability of quantum chemical methods to studies of alkylation reactions related to chemical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Furlan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Urban Bren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Blevins LK, Crawford RB, Bach A, Rizzo MD, Zhou J, Henriquez JE, Khan DMIO, Sermet S, Arnold LL, Pennington KL, Souza NP, Cohen SM, Kaminski NE. Evaluation of immunologic and intestinal effects in rats administered an E 171-containing diet, a food grade titanium dioxide (TiO 2). Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 133:110793. [PMID: 31473338 PMCID: PMC6775638 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of dietary E 171, a food grade titanium dioxide was evaluated. A recent study reported rats receiving E 171 in water developed inflammation and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, rats received food containing E 171 (7 or 100 days). The 100-day study included feeding E 171 after dimethylhydrazine (DMH) or vehicle only pretreatment. Food consumption was similar between treatment groups with maximum total cumulative E 171 exposure being 2617 mg/kg in 7 days and 29,400 mg/kg in 100 days. No differences were observed due to E 171 in the percentage of dendritic, CD4+ T or Treg cells within Peyer's patches or the periphery, or in cytokine production in plasma, sections of jejunum, and colon in 7- or 100-day E 171 alone fed rats. Differences were observed for IL-17A in colon (400 ppm E 171 + DMH) and IL-12p70 in plasma (40 ppm E 171 + DMH). E 171 had no effect on histopathologic evaluations of small and large intestines, liver, spleen, lungs, or testes, and no effects on ACF, goblet cell numbers, or colonic gland length. Dietary E 171 administration (7- or 100-day), even at high doses, produced no effect on the immune parameters or tissue morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance K Blevins
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Robert B Crawford
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Bach
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Rizzo
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Joseph E Henriquez
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D M Isha Olive Khan
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sera Sermet
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Lora L Arnold
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Samuel M Cohen
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, USA
| | - Norbert E Kaminski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Wang Z, Yang C. Metal carcinogen exposure induces cancer stem cell-like property through epigenetic reprograming: A novel mechanism of metal carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 57:95-104. [PMID: 30641125 PMCID: PMC6625953 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic, cadmium, nickel and hexavalent chromium are among the most common environmental pollutants and potent carcinogens. Chronic exposure to these metals causes various types of cancer in humans, representing a significant environmental health issue. Although under active investigation, the mechanisms of metal carcinogenesis have not been clearly defined. One common feature of these metal carcinogens is that they are all able to cause various epigenetic dysregulations, which are believed to play important roles in their carcinogenicity. However, how metal carcinogen-caused epigenetic dysregulation contributes to metal carcinogenesis remains largely unknown. The evolution of cancer stem cell (CSC) theory has opened exciting new avenues for studying the mechanism of metal carcinogenesis. Increasing evidence indicates that chronic metal carcinogen exposure produces CSC-like cells through dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms. This review will first provide some brief introductions about CSC, epigenetics and epigenetic regulation of CSCs; then summarize progresses in recent studies on metal carcinogen-induced CSC-like property through epigenetic reprograming as a novel mechanism of metal carcinogenesis. Some perspectives for future studies in this field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
| | - Chengfeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; Center for Research on Environment Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
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Luaces-Regueira M, Castiñeira-Alvariño M, Castro-Manzanares M, Campos-Toimil M, Domínguez-Muñoz JE. Pathophysiological Events Associated With Pancreatitis in Response to Tobacco: An In Vitro Comparative Study With Ethanol in Primary Acinar Cell Culture. Pancreas 2019; 47:1304-1311. [PMID: 30286014 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze the effects of different concentrations of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC, a standardized tobacco extract) and ethanol on intracellular enzyme activation, cell necrosis, alteration of cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca]c), and amylase secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. METHODS The effects of CSC (1 μg/mL to 0.4 mg/mL) and ethanol (10-100 mM) on intracellular enzyme activity, cell necrosis, and [Ca]c were measured by fluorescence assays in isolated pancreatic acinar cells. Amylase secretion was evaluated by spectrophotometry. Supramaximal concentrations of cholecystokinin (10-100 nM) were used as positive control. RESULTS Neither CSC nor ethanol induced trypsin or elastase activation. Both CSC (0.1-0.4 mg/mL) and ethanol (10-75 mM) significantly increased [Ca]c. Amylase secretion was increased only in CSC-treated cells (0.3 and 0.4 mg/mL). After 60 minutes, CSC (0.3 and 0.4 mg/mL) significantly increased acinar cell necrosis at a similar percentage to that induced by cholecystokinin. Ethanol did not induce any significant cell necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoke condensate induces acinar cell injury and increases [Ca]c and amylase secretion, independently of intracellular enzyme activation, suggesting that tobacco could induce several main early events of pancreatitis in pancreatic acinar cells. However, ethanol only induces increases [Ca]c, having no effect on cell injury, amylase secretion, or intracellular enzyme activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Castro-Manzanares
- CD Pharma, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Campos-Toimil
- CD Pharma, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Mansell E, Zareian N, Malouf C, Kapeni C, Brown N, Badie C, Baird D, Lane J, Ottersbach K, Blair A, Case CP. DNA damage signalling from the placenta to foetal blood as a potential mechanism for childhood leukaemia initiation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4370. [PMID: 30867444 PMCID: PMC6416312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For many diseases with a foetal origin, the cause for the disease initiation remains unknown. Common childhood acute leukaemia is thought to be caused by two hits, the first in utero and the second in childhood in response to infection. The mechanism for the initial DNA damaging event are unknown. Here we have used in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models to show that a placental barrier will respond to agents that are suspected of initiating childhood leukaemia by releasing factors that cause DNA damage in cord blood and bone marrow cells, including stem cells. We show that DNA damage caused by in utero exposure can reappear postnatally after an immune challenge. Furthermore, both foetal and postnatal DNA damage are prevented by prenatal exposure of the placenta to a mitochondrially-targeted antioxidant. We conclude that the placenta might contribute to the first hit towards leukaemia initiation by bystander-like signalling to foetal haematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els Mansell
- School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
| | - Nahid Zareian
- School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Camille Malouf
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, SCRM Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chrysa Kapeni
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, SCRM Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie Brown
- Cancer Mecanisms and Biomarkers, Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England's Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mecanisms and Biomarkers, Department of Radiation Effects, Public Health England's Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards (CRCE), Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, UK
| | - Duncan Baird
- Division of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jon Lane
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Katrin Ottersbach
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, SCRM Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Allison Blair
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, NHS Blood and Transplant, Filton, UK
| | - C Patrick Case
- School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Centre, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has been reported in more than 40% of patients with cirrhosis in clinical practice. HE changes mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy are important for maintaining and removing damaged mitochondria. We used molecular biology and morphology methods to evaluate changes in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy of the substantia nigra (SN) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in HE. In this study, we observed that HE increased mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy in the SN, which was not seen in the PFC. HE stimulated dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) transformation from the cytosolic to the mitochondria within SN cells, which increased mitochondrial fission and the number of mitochondria. The fusion protein L-OPA1 (long isoforms of OPA1) was increased in the SN of HE mice. HE also increased the levels of autophagy proteins PINK1/PARKIN and P62/LC3-B in the SN, which can selectively remove damaged mitochondria and cell, respectively. Additionally, we used electron microscopy to directly observe changes in mitochondrial morphology in the SN of HE mice and found the number of mitochondria was increased. However, there were no significant changes in the fission, fusion or autophagy proteins in PFC-purified mitochondrial proteins in HE mice. The number of mitochondria also did not show alterations in the PFC of HE mice compared with that in a sham group. These results illustrate that mitochondria can protect themselves by changing the dynamics and autophagy in the SN of HE mice. Changes in the mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy related to HE can help repair damaged mitochondria and provide a further understanding of the mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yayun Wang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Wise SS, Aboueissa AEM, Martino J, Wise JP. Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Chromosome Instability Drives Permanent and Heritable Numerical and Structural Changes and a DNA Repair-Deficient Phenotype. Cancer Res 2018; 78:4203-4214. [PMID: 29880483 PMCID: PMC6072558 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A key hypothesis for how hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] causes cancer is that it drives chromosome instability (CIN), which leads to neoplastic transformation. Studies show chronic Cr(VI) can affect DNA repair and induce centrosome amplification, which can lead to structural and numerical CIN. However, no studies have considered whether these outcomes are transient or permanent. In this study, we exposed human lung cells to particulate Cr(VI) for three sequential 24-hour periods, each separated by about a month. After each treatment, cells were seeded at colony-forming density, cloned, expanded, and retreated, creating three generations of clonal cell lines. Each generation of clones was tested for chromium sensitivity, chromosome complement, DNA repair capacity, centrosome amplification, and the ability to grow in soft agar. After the first treatment, Cr(VI)-treated clones exhibited a normal chromosome complement, but some clones showed a repair-deficient phenotype and amplified centrosomes. After the second exposure, more than half of the treated clones acquired an abnormal karyotype including numerical and structural alterations, with many exhibiting deficient DNA double-strand break repair and amplified centrosomes. The third treatment produced new abnormal clones, with previously abnormal clones acquiring additional abnormalities and most clones exhibiting repair deficiency. CIN, repair deficiency, and amplified centrosomes were all permanent and heritable phenotypes of repeated Cr(VI) exposure. These outcomes support the hypothesis that CIN is a key mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis.Significance: Chromium, a major public health concern and human lung carcinogen, causes fundamental changes in chromosomes and DNA repair in human lung cells. Cancer Res; 78(15); 4203-14. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | | | - Julieta Martino
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - John Pierce Wise
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
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Hori M, Mutoh M, Ishigamori R, Imai T, Takahashi M. Activated Ductal Proliferation Induced by N-Nitroso bis (2-oxopropyl)amine in Fat-infiltrated Pancreas of KK- Ay Mice. In Vivo 2018; 32:499-505. [PMID: 29695552 PMCID: PMC6000783 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Our aim was to investigate whether tissue with fatty infiltration within the lobes of the pancreas (scattered FI) is sensitive to carcinogen-induced pancreatic ductal proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven-week-old female C57BL/6J, C57BL/6J-Ay, KK-Ay, and ICR mice were subcutaneously treated with N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight, and the differences in damage-induced cell proliferation and their biochemical data were compared 2 days after. RESULTS Scattered FI in the pancreas was obvious only in KK-Ay mice, which have high serum lipid, leptin and insulin levels, and cell proliferation both in pancreatic and common bile ducts was enhanced only in KK-Ay mice by the carcinogen treatment. CONCLUSION Scattered FI in the pancreas per se can be an important factor for carcinogenesis. The genetic background causing scattered FI of the pancreas should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Hori
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Japan
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rikako Ishigamori
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Imai
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Takahashi
- Central Animal Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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CESELLI CA, GUZZI ML. Ricerche Spettrografiche Nell'Infrarosso su Fegati di Ratti Sottoposti a Trattamento Cancerogeno con Dimetilaminoazobenzene. Tumori 2018; 40:118-25. [PMID: 13179295 DOI: 10.1177/030089165404000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Koehorst SG, Spapens ME, Van Der Kallen CJ, Van 'T Verlaat JW, Blaauw G, Thijssen JH, Blankenstein MA. Progesterone Receptor Synthesis in Human Meningiomas: Relation to the Estrogen-Induced Proteins pS2 and Cathepsin-D and Influence of Epidermal Growth Factor, Forskolin and Phorbol Ester in vitro. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 13:16-23. [PMID: 9681295 DOI: 10.1177/172460089801300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous expression of progesterone receptors (PR) in human meningiomas is well established. To evaluate whether, similar to progesterone receptors, other estrogen-inducible proteins are also autonomously expressed in meningiomas, concentrations of pS2 and cathepsin-D (Cath-D) were measured in 52 meningiomas. No pS2 protein was detectable in 52/52 tested meningiomas. The Cath-D protein was measurable in all 52 meningiomas, but the mean concentration of Cath-D in meningioma cytosols was 2.4-fold lower than that of a group of 54 breast tumors (p < 0.001). These results indicate that autonomous expression is a PR-related rather than an estrogen receptor-related phenomenon and, consequently, that estradiol is probably not responsible for PR synthesis in human meningiomas. To evaluate the role of other, non-estradiol-dependent signalling pathways in PR synthesis, the effects of EGF, Forskolin and phorbol ester on PR synthesis were tested in vitro. No PR was detectable after the addition of EGF to six different primary cultures. Forskolin and TPA addition caused a morphological change in meningioma cells, but did not induce PR or pS2 synthesis in two different primary meningioma cultures. We conclude that PR synthesis in human meningiomas cannot be triggered by switching on the signalling pathways activated by these growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Koehorst
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Willis AJ, Indra R, Wohak LE, Sozeri O, Feser K, Mrizova I, Phillips DH, Stiborova M, Arlt VM. The impact of chemotherapeutic drugs on the CYP1A1-catalysed metabolism of the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene: Effects in human colorectal HCT116 TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) and TP53(-/-) cells. Toxicology 2018; 398-399:1-12. [PMID: 29471073 PMCID: PMC6593262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) can induce cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) via a p53-dependent mechanism. The effect of different p53-activating chemotherapeutic drugs on CYP1A1 expression, and the resultant effect on BaP metabolism, was investigated in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells with differing TP53 status. Cells that were TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) or TP53(-/-) were treated for up to 48 h with 60 μM cisplatin, 50 μM etoposide or 5 μM ellipticine, each of which caused high p53 induction at moderate cytotoxicity (60-80% cell viability). We found that etoposide and ellipticine induced CYP1A1 in TP53(+/+) cells but not in TP53(-/-) cells, demonstrating that the mechanism of CYP1A1 induction is p53-dependent; cisplatin had no such effect. Co-incubation experiments with the drugs and 2.5 μM BaP showed that: (i) etoposide increased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells, and to a lesser extent in TP53(-/-) cells, compared to cells treated with BaP alone; (ii) ellipticine decreased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells in BaP co-incubations; and (iii) cisplatin did not affect BaP-mediated CYP1A1 expression. Further, whereas cisplatin and etoposide had virtually no influence on CYP1A1-catalysed BaP metabolism, ellipticine treatment strongly inhibited BaP bioactivation. Our results indicate that the underlying mechanisms whereby etoposide and ellipticine regulate CYP1A1 expression must be different and may not be linked to p53 activation alone. These results could be relevant for smokers, who are exposed to increased levels of BaP, when prescribing chemotherapeutic drugs. Beside gene-environment interactions, more considerations should be given to potential drug-environment interactions during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Willis
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Laura E Wohak
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Osman Sozeri
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Feser
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
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Zingue S, Njuh AN, Tueche AB, Tamsa J, Tchoupang EN, Kakene SD, Sipping MTK, Njamen D. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and In Vivo Antimammary Tumor Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Acacia seyal (Mimosaceae) Stem Bark. Biomed Res Int 2018; 2018:2024602. [PMID: 29770327 PMCID: PMC5889903 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2024602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of A. seyal hydroethanolic extract on breast cancer. The cytotoxicity of A. seyal extract was evaluated using resazurin reduction assay in 9 cell lines. Further, the protective effect of the hydroethanolic extract of A. seyal stem barks was evaluated on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene- (DMBA-) induced breast cancer rat model. Incidence, burden, volume, and histological analysis of mammary tumors were measured. The Acacia seyal extract exhibited CC50 of 100 in MCF-7 cells after 24 h. In vivo, no tumors were detected in rats from the control group, while 11 rats out of 12 (91.66%) developed mammary tumors in the DMBA-exposed group receiving only the vehicle. Acacia seyal extract significantly (p < 0.01) and in the dose-dependent manner reduced tumor incidence (3 rats out of 12 at the dose of 300 mg/kg), burden [62.1% (150 mg/kg) and 65.8% (300 mg/kg)], and mass. It protected rats against DMBA-induced breast hyperplasia, with an optimal effect at the dose of 300 mg/kg. Taken altogether, these results suggest that the hydroethanolic extract of Acacia seyal might contain phytoconstituents endowed with antitumoral properties, which could protect against the breast cancer induced in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Zingue
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Amstrong Nang Njuh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Alain Brice Tueche
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 814, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Jeremie Tamsa
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Edwige Nana Tchoupang
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Stanislas Djaouli Kakene
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | | | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Zerbini A, Muratore F, Boiardi L, Ciccia F, Bonacini M, Belloni L, Cavazza A, Cimino L, Moramarco A, Alessandro R, Rizzo A, Parmeggiani M, Salvarani C, Croci S. Increased expression of interleukin-22 in patients with giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57:64-72. [PMID: 28968695 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives GCA is characterized by arterial remodelling driven by inflammation. IL-22 is an attractive cytokine which acts at the crosstalk between immune and stromal cells. We hypothesized that IL-22 might be induced in GCA and might be involved in disease pathogenesis. Methods Patients subjected to temporal artery biopsies (TABs) naïve from therapy were enrolled: 27 biopsy-proven GCA, 8 biopsy-negative GCA, 21 biopsy-negative non-GCA patients. Expression of IL-22 was determined in TABs by immunohystochemistry, in plasma by ELISA, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. Effects of IL-22 on viability and gene expression of primary cultures obtained from TABs were also evaluated. Results Inflamed TABs from GCA patients showed a higher expression of IL-22 and IL-22 specific receptor subunit (IL-22R1) than non-inflamed TABs. IL-22 was expressed in infiltrating immune cells and spindle shaped cells, IL-22R1 was expressed in endothelial cells. Patients with biopsy-proven GCA showed increased levels of IL-22 in plasma than patients with biopsy-negative GCA, without GCA and healthy subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from GCA patients expressed higher IL-22 transcript than healthy subjects. After stimulation in vitro with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin, the frequencies of Th22 and IL-22+ CD4+ lymphocytes were similar between patients with and without GCA. Treatment with IL-22 of primary cultures obtained from TABs increased cell viability under stress conditions and expression of B-cell activating factor. Conclusion IL-22 is increased in patients with GCA and affects viability and gene expression of arterial cells, supporting a potential role in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Zerbini
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Francesco Muratore
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Luigi Boiardi
- Unit of Rheumatology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Lucia Belloni
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | | | - Luca Cimino
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Antonio Moramarco
- Unit of Ophthalmology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo
| | - Aroldo Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, Sezione di Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Parmeggiani
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Stefania Croci
- Unit of Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia
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Han SJ, Zhang Y, Kim I, Chay KO, Yoon HJ, Jang DI, Yang SY, Park J, Woo HA, Park I, Lee SR. Redox regulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN by the thioredoxin system and cumene hydroperoxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:277-286. [PMID: 28774816 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular redox status influences the oxidation and enzyme activity of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN). Cumene hydroperoxide (CuHP), an organic hydroperoxide, is a known tumor promoter. However, molecular targets and action mechanism of CuHP in tumor promotion have not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of CuHP on the redox state of PTEN in HeLa cells. In addition, the intracellular reducing system of oxidized PTEN was analyzed using a biochemical approach and the effect of CuHP on this reducing system was also analyzed. While PTEN oxidized by hydrogen peroxide is progressively converted to its reduced form, PTEN was irreversibly oxidized by exposure to CuHP in HeLa cells. A combination of protein fractionation and mass analysis showed that the reducing system of PTEN was comprised of NADPH, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and thioredoxin (Trx). Although CuHP-mediated PTEN oxidation was not reversible in cells, CuHP-oxidized PTEN was reactivated by the exogenous Trx system, indicating that the cellular Trx redox system for PTEN is inactivated by CuHP. We present evidence that PTEN oxidation and the concomitant inhibition of thioredoxin by CuHP results in irreversible oxidation of PTEN in HeLa cells. In addition, ablation of peroxiredoxin (Prdx) enhanced CuHP-induced PTEN oxidation in cells. These results provide a new line of evidence that PTEN might be a crucial determinant of cell fate in response to cellular oxidative stress induced by organic hydroperoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jeong Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea; COTDE Inc., 19-3, Ugakgol-gil, Susin-myeon, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-882, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Oh Chay
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il Jang
- COTDE Inc., 19-3, Ugakgol-gil, Susin-myeon, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-882, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeul Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Iha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea.
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