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Jiang J, Yang Z, Hou G, Yao X, Jiang J. The potential mechanism of Chebulae Fructus in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of network pharmacology. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100701. [PMID: 35351639 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks third on the list of the leading cause for cancer death globally. The treatment of HCC patients is unsatisfactory. However, the traditional Chinese medicine Chebulae Fructus has potential efficacy in the treatment of HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We mined the active ingredients of Chebulae Fructus and its main targets from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. HCC-related datasets were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HCC were obtained by differential expression analysis. Top10 small molecule compounds capable of reversing HCC pathology were screened by the Connectivity Map database based on DEGs. Ellipticine, an extract of Chebulae Fructus, had the potential to reverse HCC pathology. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks of DEGs in HCC were constructed using STRING. Eighteen potential targets of Chebulae Fructus for the treatment of HCC were obtained by taking intersection of DEGs in HCC with targets corresponding to the active constituents of Chebulae Fructus. In addition, MTT assay was also employed to examine the effect of ellipticine on HCC cell viability. RESULTS It has been shown that ellipticine and ellagic acid have antitumor activity. Random Walk with Restart analysis of PPI networks was performed using potential targets as seeds, and the genes with the top 50 affinity coefficients were selected to construct a drug-active constituent-gene interaction network. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of key genes involved in the treatment of HCC with Chebulae Fructus demonstrated that these genes were mainly enriched in signaling pathways related to tumor metabolism such as cAMP signaling pathway and Ras signaling pathway. Finally, it was verified by MTT assay that proliferation of HCC cells could be remarkably hindered. CONCLUSIONS We excavated ellipticine, a key active constituent of Chebulae Fructus, by network pharmacology, and elucidated the signaling pathways involved in Chebulae Fructus, providing a theoretical basis for the use of Chebulae Fructus for HCC clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Jiang
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Department of Oncology, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Department of Oncology, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guoxin Hou
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Department of Oncology, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xuming Yao
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Department of Oncology, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Department of Oncology, Jiaxing, China.
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Sisodiya S, Paul S, Chaudhary H, Grewal P, Kumar G, Daniel DP, Das B, Nayak D, Guchhait SK, Kundu CN, Banerjee UC. Exploration of Benzo[b]carbazole-6,11-diones as anticancer agents: Synthesis and studies of hTopoIIα inhibition and apoptotic effects. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 49:128274. [PMID: 34303812 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two series of (hetero)arylamino-naphthoquinones and benzo-fused carbazolequinones were considered for study with the rationale that related structural motifs are present in numerous drugs, clinical trial agents, natural products and hTopoIIα inhibitors. Total 42 compounds were synthesized by reactions including dehydrogenative CN and Pd-catalyzed CC bond forming transformations. These compounds were screened against numerous cancer cells including highly metastatic one (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, H-357 and HEK293T), and normal cells (MCF 10A). Some of the active compounds were evaluated for clonogenic cell survival and apoptotic effects in cancer cells (DAPI nuclear staining, Comet assay, Annexin-V-FITC/PI dual staining, flow cytometry, and western blot analysis with relevant proteins). All compounds were tested for hTopoIIα inhibitory activity. The investigated series compounds showed important properties like significant apoptotic antiproliferation in cancer cells with cell cycle arrest at S-phase and downregulation of NF- κβ signaling cascade, relatively less cytotoxicity to normal cells, and hTopoIIα inhibition with more efficiency compared to an anticancer drug etoposide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Sisodiya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
| | - Subarno Paul
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Hiteshkumar Chaudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
| | - Preeti Grewal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
| | - Divine P Daniel
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Deepika Nayak
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Sankar K Guchhait
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India.
| | - Chanakya N Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Uttam C Banerjee
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar (Mohali), Punjab 160062, India
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Gębarowski T, Wiatrak B, Gębczak K, Tylińska B, Gąsiorowski K. Effect of new olivacine derivatives on p53 protein level. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:214-224. [PMID: 32016852 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The p53 protein is a transcription factor for many genes, including genes involved in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in genotoxically damaged and tumor-transformed cells. In more than 55% of cases of human cancers, loss of the essential function of p53 protein is found. In numerous reports, it has been shown that small molecules (chemical compounds) can restore the suppressor function of the mutant p53 protein in tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anticancer activity of three newly synthesized olivacine derivatives. METHODS The study was performed using two cell lines-CCRF/CEM (containing the mutant p53 protein) and A549 (containing a non-mutant, wild-type p53 protein). The cells were incubated with olivacine derivatives for 18 h and then assays were carried out: measurement of the amount of p53 and p21 proteins, detection of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and rhodamine 123 accumulation assay (evaluation of P-glycoprotein inhibition). Multiple-criteria decision analysis was used to compare the anticancer activity of the tested compounds. RESULTS Each tested compound caused the reconstitution of suppressor activity of the p53 protein in cells with the mutant protein. In addition, one of the compounds showed significant antitumor activity in both wild-type and mutant cells. For all compounds, a stronger effect on the level of the p53 protein was observed than for the reference compound-ellipticine. CONCLUSIONS The observed effects of the tested new olivacine derivatives (pyridocarbazoles) suggest that they are good candidates for new anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Gębarowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Gębczak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Beata Tylińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Gąsiorowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
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Grau L, Romero M, Privat-Contreras C, Presa D, Viñas M, Morral J, Pors K, Rubio-Martinez J, Pujol MD. Multigram scale synthesis of polycyclic lactones and evaluation of antitumor and other biological properties. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 185:111807. [PMID: 31675512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient four-step synthesis of tetracyclic lactones from 1,4-benzodioxine-2-carboxylic acid was developed. Ellipticine derivatives exhibit antitumor activity however only a few derivatives without carbazole subunit have been studied to date. Herein, several tetracyclic lactones were synthesized and biologically evaluated. Several compounds (2a, 3a, 4a and 5a) were found to be inhibitors of the Kras-Wnt pathway. The lactone 2a also exerted a potent inhibition of Tau protein translation and was shown to have capacity for CYP1A1-bioactivation. The results obtained are further evidence of the therapeutic potential of tetracyclic lactones related to ellipticine. Molecular modeling studies showed that compound 2a is inserted between helix α3 and α4 of the KRas protein making interactions with the hydrophobic residues Phe90, Glu91, Ile9364, Hie94, Leu133 and Tyr137and a hydrogen bond with residue Arg97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grau
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Romero
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Privat-Contreras
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Institute de Recerca en Quimica Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniela Presa
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Miquel Viñas
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Morral
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, BD7 1DP, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Jaime Rubio-Martinez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Institute de Recerca en Quimica Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolors Pujol
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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Dan VM, Varghese TS, Viswanathan G, Baby S. Ellipticine, its Derivatives: Re-evaluation of Clinical Suitability with the Aid of Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 20:33-46. [PMID: 31560288 DOI: 10.2174/1568009619666190927150131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery systems gave newer dimensions for safer and more effective use of therapeutic drugs, thus helping in circumventing the issues of toxicity and unintended drug accumulation. These ongoing developments in delivery systems can, in turn, bring back drugs that suffered various limitations, Ellipticine (EPT) being a candidate. EPT derivatives witnessed entry into clinical settings but failed to survive in clinics citing various toxic side effects. A large body of preclinical data deliberates the potency of drug delivery systems in increasing the efficiency of EPT/derivatives while decreasing their toxic side effects. Recent developments in drug delivery systems provide a platform to explore EPT and its derivatives as good clinical candidates in treating tumors. The present review deals with delivery mechanisms of EPT/EPT derivatives as antitumor drugs, in vitro and in vivo, and evaluates the suitability of EPT-carriers in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Mohan Dan
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Thania Sara Varghese
- Garden Management Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Gayathri Viswanathan
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Willis AJ, Indra R, Wohak LE, Sozeri O, Feser K, Mrizova I, Phillips DH, Stiborova M, Arlt VM. The impact of chemotherapeutic drugs on the CYP1A1-catalysed metabolism of the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene: Effects in human colorectal HCT116 TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) and TP53(-/-) cells. Toxicology 2018; 398-399:1-12. [PMID: 29471073 PMCID: PMC6593262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) can induce cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) via a p53-dependent mechanism. The effect of different p53-activating chemotherapeutic drugs on CYP1A1 expression, and the resultant effect on BaP metabolism, was investigated in a panel of isogenic human colorectal HCT116 cells with differing TP53 status. Cells that were TP53(+/+), TP53(+/-) or TP53(-/-) were treated for up to 48 h with 60 μM cisplatin, 50 μM etoposide or 5 μM ellipticine, each of which caused high p53 induction at moderate cytotoxicity (60-80% cell viability). We found that etoposide and ellipticine induced CYP1A1 in TP53(+/+) cells but not in TP53(-/-) cells, demonstrating that the mechanism of CYP1A1 induction is p53-dependent; cisplatin had no such effect. Co-incubation experiments with the drugs and 2.5 μM BaP showed that: (i) etoposide increased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells, and to a lesser extent in TP53(-/-) cells, compared to cells treated with BaP alone; (ii) ellipticine decreased CYP1A1 expression in TP53(+/+) cells in BaP co-incubations; and (iii) cisplatin did not affect BaP-mediated CYP1A1 expression. Further, whereas cisplatin and etoposide had virtually no influence on CYP1A1-catalysed BaP metabolism, ellipticine treatment strongly inhibited BaP bioactivation. Our results indicate that the underlying mechanisms whereby etoposide and ellipticine regulate CYP1A1 expression must be different and may not be linked to p53 activation alone. These results could be relevant for smokers, who are exposed to increased levels of BaP, when prescribing chemotherapeutic drugs. Beside gene-environment interactions, more considerations should be given to potential drug-environment interactions during chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Willis
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Radek Indra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Laura E Wohak
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Osman Sozeri
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Kerstin Feser
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Iveta Mrizova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - David H Phillips
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Volker M Arlt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom; NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Health Impact of Environmental Hazards at King's College London in partnership with Public Health England, London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
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Shimazu A, Kawagoshi M, Takeda S, Kurasaki H, Kato A, Morii N, Sakai N, Konakahara T. Determination of binding modes and binding constants for the complexes of 6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole derivatives with DNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1094-1112. [PMID: 28063783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The binding modes and binding constants for the complexes of forty types of pyridocarbazole derivatives 1-40 with double stranded DNAs (dsDNAs) were reported. The binding modes were determined by a combination of a deflection spectroscopy and orientation of the corresponding molecule in the DNA-based film with chain alignment. All of the compounds exhibited the intercalation-binding mode. Its binding constants Ka for the complexes, determined by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), varied from 1.7×105 to 4.5×107M-1 according to the substituents on the pyridocarbazole framework and the sequences of dsDNA. The binding constants Ka of pyridocarbazole derivatives possessing the 2-(ω-amino)alkyl group and 5-(ω-amino)alkylcarbamyl group were larger than those of the corresponding ω-ureido derivatives. These ω-amino compounds exhibited strong GC base-pair preference in complexation. The Ka values decreased with the increasing NaCl concentration. It was clarified by a molecular modeling that the framework of the 2-tethered ω-amino derivative was completely overlapped with the stacking GC base-pairs leading to the formation of the stable intercalative-complex, and that the framework of the 5-tethered ureido derivative was half overlapped leading to the formation of the unstable complex. Furthermore, there were good linear relationships between lnKa and the relative stabilities Srel of the complexes. Contrary to our expectation, there was no linear relationship between lnKa and IC50 against Sarcoma-180, NIH3T3, and HeLa S-3 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Shimazu
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawagoshi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shoichi Takeda
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Haruaki Kurasaki
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Asako Kato
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Nahoko Morii
- Nanomaterials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takeo Konakahara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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Żabka A, Winnicki K, Polit JT, Maszewski J. The effects of anti-DNA topoisomerase II drugs, etoposide and ellipticine, are modified in root meristem cells of Allium cepa by MG132, an inhibitor of 26S proteasomes. Plant Physiol Biochem 2015; 96:72-82. [PMID: 26233708 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase II (Topo II), a highly specialized nuclear enzyme, resolves various entanglement problems concerning DNA that arise during chromatin remodeling, transcription, S-phase replication, meiotic recombination, chromosome condensation and segregation during mitosis. The genotoxic effects of two Topo II inhibitors known as potent anti-cancer drugs, etoposide (ETO) and ellipticine (EPC), were assayed in root apical meristem cells of Allium cepa. Despite various types of molecular interactions between these drugs and DNA-Topo II complexes at the chromatin level, which have a profound negative impact on the genome integrity (production of double-strand breaks, chromosomal bridges and constrictions, lagging fragments of chromosomes and their uneven segregation to daughter cell nuclei), most of the elicited changes were apparently similar, regarding both their intensity and time characteristics. No essential changes between ETO- and EPC-treated onion roots were noticed in the frequency of G1-, S-, G2-and M-phase cells, nuclear morphology, chromosome structures, tubulin-microtubule systems, extended distribution of mitosis-specific phosphorylation sites of histone H3, and the induction of apoptosis-like programmed cell death (AL-PCD). However, the important difference between the effects induced by the ETO and EPC concerns their catalytic activities in the presence of MG132 (proteasome inhibitor engaged in Topo II-mediated formation of cleavage complexes) and relates to the time-variable changes in chromosomal aberrations and AL-PCD rates. This result implies that proteasome-dependent mechanisms may contribute to the course of physiological effects generated by DNA lesions under conditions that affect the ability of plant cells to resolve topological problems that associated with the nuclear metabolic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Żabka
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Konrad Winnicki
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Justyna Teresa Polit
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Janusz Maszewski
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
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9
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Banerjee A, Sanyal S, Majumder P, Chakraborty P, Jana K, Das C, Dasgupta D. Recognition of chromatin by the plant alkaloid, ellipticine as a dual binder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 462:352-7. [PMID: 25960297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recognition of core histone components of chromatin along with chromosomal DNA by a class of small molecule modulators is worth examining to evaluate their intracellular mode of action. A plant alkaloid ellipticine (ELP) which is a putative anticancer agent has so far been reported to function via DNA intercalation, association with topoisomerase II and binding to telomere region. However, its effect upon the potential intracellular target, chromatin is hitherto unreported. Here we have characterized the biomolecular recognition between ELP and different hierarchical levels of chromatin. The significant result is that in addition to DNA, it binds to core histone(s) and can be categorized as a 'dual binder'. As a sequel to binding with histone(s) and core octamer, it alters post-translational histone acetylation marks. We have further demonstrated that it has the potential to modulate gene expression thereby regulating several key biological processes such as nuclear organization, transcription, translation and histone modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Banerjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block-AF, Sector-1, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Sulagna Sanyal
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block-AF, Sector-1, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Parijat Majumder
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block-AF, Sector-1, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Centre for Translational Animal Research, Bose Institute, P-1/12 C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Chandrima Das
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block-AF, Sector-1, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India.
| | - Dipak Dasgupta
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Block-AF, Sector-1, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India.
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Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is often mutated in human cancers. Restoring its antitumor activity has been shown to be a promising therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. Here we analyzed the activity and mechanism of a p53 reactivator, ellipticine, in a cellular model of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), a disease that is progressive, chemoresistant and refractory to treatment. We tested the effect of ellipticine in three cell lines with different p53 status: MyLa2000 (p53(wt/wt)), SeAx ((G245S)p53) and Hut-78 ((R196Stop)p53). Ellipticine caused apoptosis in MyLa2000 and SeAx and restored the transcriptional activity of (G245S)p53 in SeAx. However, p53 siRNA knockdown experiments revealed that p53 was not required for ellipticine-induced apoptosis in CTCL. The lipophilic antioxidant α-tocopherol inhibited ellipticine-dependent apoptosis and we linked the apoptotic response to the oxidative DNA damage. Our results provide evidence that ellipticine-induced apoptosis is exerted through DNA damage and does not require p53 activation in T-cell lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Savorani
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Mori R, Kato A, Komenoi K, Kurasaki H, Iijima T, Kawagoshi M, Kiran YB, Takeda S, Sakai N, Konakahara T. Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of novel 2-alkyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-11-methyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazol-2-ium and 2-alkylellipticin-2-ium chloride derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:16-35. [PMID: 24863982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-one types of novel ellipticine derivatives and pyridocarbazoles (5-methoxycarbonyl-11-methyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazoles) with a nitrosourea moiety, linked by an oxydiethylene unit at the 2 position, were synthesized, and their cytotoxicity against HeLa S-3 cells was evaluated. Some of these new compounds exhibited potent antitumor activity by comparison with that of ellipticine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Mori
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Asako Kato
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kousuke Komenoi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Haruaki Kurasaki
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Touru Iijima
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawagoshi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Y B Kiran
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Sho Takeda
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takeo Konakahara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Center for Technologies Against Cancer, Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI), Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
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12
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Sassano MF, Schlesinger AP, Jarstfer MB. Identification of G-Quadruplex Inducers Usinga Simple, Inexpensiveand Rapid High Throughput Assay, and TheirInhibition of Human Telomerase. Open Med Chem J 2012; 6:20-8. [PMID: 23173022 PMCID: PMC3502892 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501206010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are protein and DNA complexes located atchromosome ends. Telomeric DNA is composed of a double stranded region of repetitive DNA followed by single-stranded 3' extension of aG-rich sequence. Single-stranded G-rich sequencescan fold into G-quadruplex structures,and molecules that stabilize G-quadruplexes are known to inhibit the enzyme telomerase and disrupt telomere maintenance. Because telomere maintenance is required for proliferation of cancer cells, G-quadruplex stabilizers have become attractive prospects for anticancer drug discovery.However, telomere-targeting G-quadruplex ligands have yet to enter the clinic owing in part to poor pharmacokinetics and target selectivity. Increasing the pharmacophore diversity of G-quadruplex and specifically telomeric-DNA targeting agents should assist in overcoming these shortcomings. In this work, we report the identification and validation ofligands that bind telomeric DNA and induce G-quadruplex formationusing the NCI Diversity Set I, providing validation of anextremely simple, rapid and high-throughput screen using FRET technology. Hits from the screen were validated by examining telomerase inhibition and G-quadruplex inductionusing CD spectroscopy and DNA polymerase stop assays. We show that two known DNA binding molecules, ellipticine derivativeNSC 176327 (apyridocarbazole) and NSC 305831 (an antiparasitic hetero-cyclediamidine referred to as furamidine and DB75),are selective induceG-quadruplex formation in the human telomeric sequence and bind telomeric DNA quadruplexes in the absence of stabilizing monovalent cations with molar ratios(molecule: DNA)of 4:1and 1.5:1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Florencia Sassano
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Stiborová M, Poljaková J, Martínková E, Bořek-Dohalská L, Eckschlager T, Kizek R, Frei E. Ellipticine cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines - a comparative study. Interdiscip Toxicol 2011; 4:98-105. [PMID: 21753906 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-011-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellipticine is a potent antineoplastic agent exhibiting multiple mechanisms of action. This anticancer agent should be considered a pro-drug, whose pharmacological efficiency and/or genotoxic side effects are dependent on its cytochrome P450 (CYP)- and/or peroxidase-mediated activation to species forming covalent DNA adducts. Ellipticine can also act as an inhibitor or inducer of biotransformation enzymes, thereby modulating its own metabolism leading to its genotoxic and pharmacological effects. Here, a comparison of the toxicity of ellipticine to human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, leukemia HL-60 and CCRF-CEM cells, neuroblastoma IMR-32, UKF-NB-3 and UKF-NB-4 cells and U87MG glioblastoma cells and mechanisms of its action to these cells were evaluated. Treatment of all cells tested with ellipticine resulted in inhibition of cell growth and proliferation. This effect was associated with formation of two covalent ellipticine-derived DNA adducts, identical to those formed by 13-hydroxy- and 12-hydroxyellipticine, the ellipticine metabolites generated by CYP and peroxidase enzymes, in MCF-7, HL-60, CCRF-CEM, UKF-NB-3, UKF-NB-4 and U87MG cells, but not in neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells. Therefore, DNA adduct formation in most cancer cell lines tested in this comparative study might be the predominant cause of their sensitivity to ellipticine treatment, whereas other mechanisms of ellipticine action also contribute to its cytotoxicity to neuroblastoma UKF-NB-3 cells.
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