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Wang L, Lv Q, An M, Liu Z, Song Y, Zhou Y, Li J, Xu J. Identification of toxic substances in phenol-acetone wastewater on activated sludge and selective toxicity removal performance with ferrous pretreatment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:19628-19634. [PMID: 29736641 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of toxic wastewater generated during the production of phenol-acetone on activated sludge and tested pretreatment methods to selectively remove the toxicity. We found that the microbial activity in the activated sludge was inhibited by the wastewater, in which cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) with a medium effective concentration (EC50) of 225 mg L-1 was the main toxic substance. We tested one pretreatment method with ferrous iron to selectively remove the CHP. The CHP decomposition process, which mainly produced acetophenone, was very quick. The CHP was selectively transformed into low-toxicity organics, and a maximum of 92% was removed when 1.08 mmol L-1 of ferrous iron was added, for a reaction time of 10 min, a pH of 5, and a temperature of 25 °C, and the resulting wastewater only slightly inhibited the oxygen uptake rate of activated sludge. The acclimation of activated sludge was accelerated, and a COD removal rate of more than 85% was achieved within a week. Our results confirm that ferrous iron provides a cost-effective method to selectively remove toxins from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Qianqian Lv
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- College of Urban Construction, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
| | - Mingdong An
- Dyestuff Factory of Jilin Petrochemical Company, Jilin, 132021, China
| | - Zhongyi Liu
- Dyestuff Factory of Jilin Petrochemical Company, Jilin, 132021, China
| | - Yudong Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Jie Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jixian Xu
- College of Urban Construction, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
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Han SJ, Zhang Y, Kim I, Chay KO, Yoon HJ, Jang DI, Yang SY, Park J, Woo HA, Park I, Lee SR. Redox regulation of the tumor suppressor PTEN by the thioredoxin system and cumene hydroperoxide. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:277-286. [PMID: 28774816 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular redox status influences the oxidation and enzyme activity of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN). Cumene hydroperoxide (CuHP), an organic hydroperoxide, is a known tumor promoter. However, molecular targets and action mechanism of CuHP in tumor promotion have not been well characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of CuHP on the redox state of PTEN in HeLa cells. In addition, the intracellular reducing system of oxidized PTEN was analyzed using a biochemical approach and the effect of CuHP on this reducing system was also analyzed. While PTEN oxidized by hydrogen peroxide is progressively converted to its reduced form, PTEN was irreversibly oxidized by exposure to CuHP in HeLa cells. A combination of protein fractionation and mass analysis showed that the reducing system of PTEN was comprised of NADPH, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and thioredoxin (Trx). Although CuHP-mediated PTEN oxidation was not reversible in cells, CuHP-oxidized PTEN was reactivated by the exogenous Trx system, indicating that the cellular Trx redox system for PTEN is inactivated by CuHP. We present evidence that PTEN oxidation and the concomitant inhibition of thioredoxin by CuHP results in irreversible oxidation of PTEN in HeLa cells. In addition, ablation of peroxiredoxin (Prdx) enhanced CuHP-induced PTEN oxidation in cells. These results provide a new line of evidence that PTEN might be a crucial determinant of cell fate in response to cellular oxidative stress induced by organic hydroperoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jeong Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea; COTDE Inc., 19-3, Ugakgol-gil, Susin-myeon, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-882, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Oh Chay
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Il Jang
- COTDE Inc., 19-3, Ugakgol-gil, Susin-myeon, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 330-882, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeul Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ae Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Iha Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea.
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Pardillo-Díaz R, Carrascal L, Muñoz MF, Ayala A, Nunez-Abades P. Time and dose dependent effects of oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide in neuronal excitability of rat motor cortex neurons. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:201-214. [PMID: 26877221 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been claimed that oxidative stress and the production of reactive oxygen radicals can contribute to neuron degeneration and might be one factor in the development of different neurological diseases. In our study, we have attempted to clarify how oxidative damage induces dose dependent changes in functional membrane properties of neurons by means of whole cell patch clamp techniques in brain slices from young adult rats. Our research demonstrates physiological changes in membrane properties of pyramidal motor cortex neurons exposed to 3 concentrations of cumene hydroperoxide (CH; 1, 10 and 100μM) during 30min. Results show that oxidative stress induced by CH evokes important changes, in a concentration and time dependent manner, in the neuronal excitability of motor cortex neurons of the rat: (i) Low concentration of the drug (1μM) already blocks inward rectifications (sag) and decreases action potential amplitude and gain, a drug concentration which has no effects on other neuronal populations, (ii) 10μM of CH depresses the excitability of pyramidal motor cortex neurons by decreasing input resistance, amplitude of the action potential, and gain and maximum frequency of the repetitive firing discharge, and (iii) 100μM completely blocks the capability to produce repetitive discharge of action potentials in all cells. Both larger drug concentrations and/or longer times of exposure to CH narrow the current working range. This happens because of the increase in the rheobase, and the reduction of the cancelation current. The effects caused by oxidative stress, including those produced by the level of lipid peroxidation, are practically irreversible and, this, therefore, indicates that neuroprotective agents should be administered at the first symptoms of alterations to membrane properties. In fact, the pre-treatment with melatonin, acting as an antioxidant, prevented the lipid peroxidation and the physiological changes induced by CH. Larger cells (as estimated by their cell capacitance) were also more susceptible to oxidative stress. Our results provide previously unavailable observations that large size and high sensitivity to oxidative stress (even at low concentrations) make pyramidal neurons of the motor cortex, in particular corticofugal neurons, more susceptible to cell death when compared with other neuronal populations. These results could also shed some light on explaining the causes behind diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pardillo-Díaz
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - L Carrascal
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - M F Muñoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - A Ayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain
| | - P Nunez-Abades
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Spain.
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Trevisan R, Mello DF, Uliano-Silva M, Delapedra G, Arl M, Dafre AL. The biological importance of glutathione peroxidase and peroxiredoxin backup systems in bivalves during peroxide exposure. Mar Environ Res 2014; 101:81-90. [PMID: 25265592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic peroxide elimination in eukaryotes essentially depends on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and peroxiredoxin (Prx) enzymes, which are supported by their respective electron donors, glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx). This system depends on the ancillary enzymes glutathione reductase (GR) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) to maintain GSH and Trx in their reduced state. This study discusses the biological importance of GR and TrxR in supporting GPx and Prx during cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) exposure in brown mussel Perna perna. ZnCl2 or 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenze (CDNB) was used to decrease GR and TrxR activities in gills, as already reported with mammals and bivalves. ZnCl2 exposure lowered GR activity (28%), impaired the in vivo CHP decomposition and decreased the survival rates under CHP exposure. CDNB decreased GR (54%) and TrxR (73%) activities and induced glutathione depletion (99%), promoting diminished peroxide elimination and survival rates at a greater extent than ZnCl2. CDNB also increased the susceptibility of hemocytes to CHP toxicity. Despite being toxic and causing mortality at longer exposures, short (2 h) exposure to CHP promoted an up regulation of GSH (50 and 100 μM CHP) and protein-thiol (100 μM CHP) levels, which was blocked by ZnCl2 or CDNB pre-exposure. Results highlight the biological importance of GSH, GR and TrxR in supporting GPx and Prx activities, contributing to organic peroxides elimination and mussel survival under oxidative challenges. To our knowledge, this is the first work that demonstrates, albeit indirectly, the biological importance of GPx/GR/GSH and Prx/TrxR/Trx systems on in vivo organic peroxide elimination in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Trevisan
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Ferraz Mello
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcela Uliano-Silva
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Delapedra
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Miriam Arl
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alcir Luiz Dafre
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil
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