1
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Wang H, Cui G, Lu H, Li Z, Wang L, Meng H, Li J, Yan H, Yang Y, Wei M. Facilitating the dry reforming of methane with interfacial synergistic catalysis in an Ir@CeO 2-x catalyst. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3765. [PMID: 38704402 PMCID: PMC11069590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The dry reforming of methane provides an attractive route to convert greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) into valuable syngas, so as to resolve the carbon cycle and environmental issues. However, the development of high-performance catalysts remains a huge challenge. Herein, we report a 0.6% Ir/CeO2-x catalyst with a metal-support interface structure which exhibits high CH4 (~72%) and CO2 (~82%) conversion and a CH4 reaction rate of ~973 μmolCH4 gcat-1 s-1 which is stable over 100 h at 700 °C. The performance of the catalyst is close to the state-of-the-art in this area of research. A combination of in situ spectroscopic characterization and theoretical calculations highlight the importance of the interfacial structure as an intrinsic active center to facilitate the CH4 dissociation (the rate-determining step) and the CH2* oxidation to CH2O* without coke formation, which accounts for the long-term stability. The catalyst in this work has a potential application prospect in the field of high-value utilization of carbon resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 102249, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zeyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
- Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, 324000, Quzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
- Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, 324000, Quzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201204, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yusen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, 324000, Quzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China.
- Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, 324000, Quzhou, P. R. China.
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2
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Li Y, Chen M, Jiang L, Tian D, Li K. Perovskites as oxygen storage materials for chemical looping partial oxidation and reforming of methane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1516-1540. [PMID: 38174573 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04626e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The traditional partial oxidation, dry reforming and steam reforming of methane technologies are separated into two reactors for execution by chemical looping technology, which can avoid the defects exposed in the traditional process (avoiding carbon accumulation, reducing costs, etc.). The key to chemical looping technology is to find suitable oxygen carriers (OCs), which can store and release oxygen to form a closed loop in the chemical looping. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current status of perovskite oxides for partial oxidation and reforming of methane in chemical looping, describe the structure, oxygen capacity, oxygen migration rate and common synthesis methods of perovskites in chemical looping. In addition, the effects of impregnation loading, ion doping, and structural morphology on the catalytic conversion of CH4 by perovskite OCs and the reaction mechanism on the OCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelun Li
- Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Dong Tian
- Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Kongzhai Li
- Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Ministry of Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China.
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
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3
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Wang H, Diao Y, Gao Z, Smith KJ, Guo X, Ma D, Shi C. H 2 Production from Methane Reforming over Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts: From Surface Properties and Reaction Mechanism to Catalyst Development. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning116024, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning116024, P. R. China
| | - Zirui Gao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, P. R. China
| | - Kevin J. Smith
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BCV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning116024, P. R. China
| | - Ding Ma
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing100871, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning116024, P. R. China
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4
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Haug L, Thurner C, Bekheet MF, Bischoff B, Gurlo A, Kunz M, Sartory B, Penner S, Klötzer B. Zirconium Carbide Mediates Coke‐Resistant Methane Dry Reforming on Nickel‐Zirconium Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213249. [PMID: 36379010 PMCID: PMC10100075 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphitic deposits anti-segregate into Ni0 nanoparticles to provide restored CH4 adsorption sites and near-surface/dissolved C atoms, which migrate to the Ni0 /ZrO2 interface and induce local Zrx Cy formation. The resulting oxygen-deficient carbidic phase boundary sites assist in the kinetically enhanced CO2 activation toward CO(g). This interface carbide mechanism allows for enhanced spillover of carbon to the ZrO2 support, and represents an alternative catalyst regeneration pathway with respect to the reverse oxygen spillover on Ni-CeZrx Oy catalysts. It is therefore rather likely on supports with limited oxygen storage/exchange kinetics but significant carbothermal reducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Haug
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Christoph Thurner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Maged F. Bekheet
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Benjamin Bischoff
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Martin Kunz
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bernhard Sartory
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH Roseggerstrasse 12 8700 Leoben Austria
| | - Simon Penner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry University of Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Austria
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5
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Haug L, Thurner C, Bekheet MF, Bischoff B, Gurlo A, Kunz M, Sartory B, Penner S, Klötzer B. Zirkonkarbid ermöglicht verkokungsresistente Methan‐Trockenreformierung auf Nickel‐Zirkon‐Katalysatoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202213249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leander Haug
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Christoph Thurner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Maged F. Bekheet
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Benjamin Bischoff
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Martin Kunz
- Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Bernhard Sartory
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH Roseggerstrasse 12 8700 Leoben Österreich
| | - Simon Penner
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie Universität Innsbruck Innrain 52 c 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
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6
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Lyu L, Zhang J, Ma Q, Makpal S, Gao X, Fan H, Zhang J, Sun J, Zhao TS. Fe Doped Bimodal Macro/Mesoporous Nickel-Based Catalysts for CO 2–CH 4 Reforming. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Qingxiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Shengene Makpal
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tian-sheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P.R. China
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7
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Thurner CW, Bonmassar N, Winkler D, Haug L, Ploner K, Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad P, Drexler X, Mohammadi A, van Aken PA, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Niaei A, Bernardi J, Klötzer B, Penner S. Who Does the Job? How Copper Can Replace Noble Metals in Sustainable Catalysis by the Formation of Copper–Mixed Oxide Interfaces. ACS Catal 2022; 12:7696-7708. [PMID: 35799767 PMCID: PMC9251726 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Following the need
for an innovative catalyst and material design
in catalysis, we provide a comparative approach using pure and Pd-doped
LaCuxMn1–xO3 (x = 0.3 and 0.5) perovskite
catalysts to elucidate the beneficial role of the Cu/perovskite and
the promoting effect of CuyPdx/perovskite interfaces developing in situ under model NO + CO reaction conditions. The observed bifunctional
synergism in terms of activity and N2 selectivity is essentially
attributed to an oxygen-deficient perovskite interface, which provides
efficient NO activation sites in contact with in situ exsolved surface-bound monometallic Cu and bimetallic CuPd nanoparticles.
The latter promotes the decomposition of the intermediate N2O at low temperatures, enhancing the selectivity toward N2. We show that the intelligent Cu/perovskite interfacial design is
the prerequisite to effectively replace noble metals by catalytically
equally potent metal–mixed-oxide interfaces. We have provided
the proof of principle for the NO + CO test reaction but anticipate
the extension to a universal concept applicable to similar materials
and reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph W. Thurner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicolas Bonmassar
- Max Plank Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstaße 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniel Winkler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leander Haug
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kevin Ploner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Parastoo Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Boulevard, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Xaver Drexler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Asghar Mohammadi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Boulevard, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Peter A. van Aken
- Max Plank Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstaße 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Aligholi Niaei
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Boulevard, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy (USTEM), Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/057-02, A-1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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8
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Dry Reforming of Methane on NiCu and NiPd Model Systems: Optimization of Carbon Chemistry. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of ultra-clean, unsupported Cu-doped and Pd-doped Ni model catalysts was investigated to develop the fundamental concept of metal doping impact on the carbon tolerance and catalytic activity in the dry reforming of methane (DRM). Wet etching with concentrated HNO3 and a subsequent single sputter–anneal cycle resulted in the full removal of an already existing oxidic passivation layer and segregated and/or ambient-deposited surface and bulk impurities to yield ultra-clean Ni substrates. Carbon solubility, support effects, segregation processes, cyclic operation temperatures, and electronic and ensemble effects were all found to play a crucial role in the catalytic activity and stability of these systems, as verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) surface and bulk characterization. Minor Cu promotion showed the almost complete suppression of coking with a moderate reduction in catalytic activity, while high Cu loadings facilitated carbon growth alongside severe catalytic deactivation. The improved carbon resistance stems from an increased CH4 dissociation barrier, decreased carbon solubility in the bulk, good prevailing CO2 activation properties and enhanced CO desorption. Cyclic DRM operation on surfaces with Cu content that is too high leads to impaired carbon oxidation kinetics by CO2 and causes irreversible carbon deposition. Thus, an optimal and stable NiCu composition was found in the region of 70–90 atomic % Ni, which allows an appropriate high syngas production rate to be retained alongside a total coking suppression during DRM. In contrast, the more Cu-rich NiCu systems showed a limited stability under reaction conditions, leading to undesired surface and bulk segregation processes of Cu. The much higher carbon deposition rate and solubility of unsupported NiPd and Pd model catalysts results in severe carbon deposition and catalytic deactivation. To achieve enhanced carbon conversion and de-coking, an active metal oxide boundary is required, allowing for the increased clean-off of re-segregated carbon via the inverse Boudouard reaction. The carbon bulk diffusion on the investigated systems depends strongly on the composition and decreases in the following order: Pd > NiPd > Ni > NiCu > Cu.
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9
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Bimetallic Co-Rh Systems as a Prospective Base for Design of CH4 Reforming Catalysts to Produce Syngas with a Controllable Composition. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry and bireforming (CO2-H2O) of methane are the most environmentally friendly routes involving two main greenhouse gases to produce syngas—an important building block for large-scale production of various commodity chemicals. The main drawback preventing their industrial application is the coke formation. Developing catalysts that do not favour or are resistant to coke formation is the only way to improve the catalyst stability. Designing an economically viable catalyst may be achieved by exploiting the synergic effects of combining noble (expensive but coke-resistant) and non-noble (cheap but prone to carbonisation) metals to form highly effective catalysts. This work deals with development of highly active and stable bimetallic Co-containing catalysts modified with small amount of Rh, 0.1–0.5 mass %. The catalysts were characterised by BET, XRD, TEM, SEM, XPS, and TPR-H2 methods and tested in dry, bi-, and for comparison in steam reforming of methane. It was revealed that the bimetallic Co-Rh systems is much more effective than monometallic ones due to Co-Rh interaction accompanied with increasing dispersion and reducibility of Co. The extents of CH4 and CO2 conversion over the 5%Co-Rh/Al2O3 are varied within 85–99%. Syngas with variable H2/CO = 0.9–3.9 was formed. No loss of activity was observed for 100 h of long-term stability test.
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10
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Cao P, Tang P, Bekheet MF, Du H, Yang L, Haug L, Gili A, Bischoff B, Gurlo A, Kunz M, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Penner S, Heggen M. Atomic-Scale Insights into Nickel Exsolution on LaNiO 3 Catalysts via In Situ Electron Microscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:786-796. [PMID: 35059098 PMCID: PMC8762657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c09257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Using a combination of in situ bulk and surface characterization techniques, we provide atomic-scale insight into the complex surface and bulk dynamics of a LaNiO3 perovskite material during heating in vacuo. Driven by the outstanding activity LaNiO3 in the methane dry reforming reaction (DRM), attributable to the decomposition of LaNiO3 during DRM operation into a Ni//La2O3 composite, we reveal the Ni exsolution dynamics both on a local and global scale by in situ electron microscopy, in situ X-ray diffraction and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To reduce the complexity and disentangle thermal from self-activation and reaction-induced effects, we embarked on a heating experiment in vacuo under comparable experimental conditions in all methods. Associated with the Ni exsolution, the remaining perovskite grains suffer a drastic shrinkage of the grain volume and compression of the structure. Ni particles mainly evolve at grain boundaries and stacking faults. Sophisticated structure analysis of the elemental composition by electron-energy loss mapping allows us to disentangle the distribution of the different structures resulting from LaNiO3 decomposition on a local scale. Important for explaining the DRM activity, our results indicate that most of the Ni moieties are oxidized and that the formation of NiO occurs preferentially at grain edges, resulting from the reaction of the exsolved Ni particles with oxygen released from the perovskite lattice during decomposition via a spillover process from the perovskite to the Ni particles. Correlating electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction data allows us to establish a sequential two-step process in the decomposition of LaNiO3 via a Ruddlesden-Popper La2NiO4 intermediate structure. Exemplified for the archetypical LaNiO3 perovskite material, our results underscore the importance of focusing on both surface and bulk characterization for a thorough understanding of the catalyst dynamics and set the stage for a generalized concept in the understanding of state-of-the art catalyst materials on an atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Cao
- School of Chemical
Engineering and Technology, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Pengyi Tang
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
- State Key Laboratory
of Information Functional Materials, 2020 X-Lab, ShangHai Institute
of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Maged F. Bekheet
- Chair of Advanced
Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und
-technologien, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hongchu Du
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Luyan Yang
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Leander Haug
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University
of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Albert Gili
- Chair of Advanced
Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und
-technologien, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bischoff
- Chair of Advanced
Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und
-technologien, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Chair of Advanced
Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und
-technologien, Technical University Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 40, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kunz
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University
of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Centre
for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Leo-Brandt-Strasse 1, D-52428 Jülich, Germany
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11
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Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad P, Bekheet MF, Bonmassar N, Gili A, Kamutzki F, Gurlo A, Doran A, Schwarz S, Bernardi J, Praetz S, Niaei A, Farzi A, Penner S. Elucidating the role of earth alkaline doping in perovskite-based methane dry reforming catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2022; 12:1229-1244. [PMID: 35310768 PMCID: PMC8859525 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of earth alkaline doping in perovskite-based dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalysts, we embarked on a comparative and exemplary study of a Ni-based Sm perovskite with and without Sr doping. While the Sr-doped material appears as a structure-pure Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4 Ruddlesden Popper structure, the undoped material is a NiO/monoclinic Sm2O3 composite. Hydrogen pre-reduction or direct activation in the DRM mixture in all cases yields either active Ni/Sm2O3 or Ni/Sm2O3/SrCO3 materials, with albeit different short-term stability and deactivation behavior. The much smaller Ni particle size after hydrogen reduction of Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4, and of generally all undoped materials stabilizes the short and long-term DRM activity. Carbon dioxide reactivity manifests itself in the direct formation of SrCO3 in the case of Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4, which is dominant at high temperatures. For Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4, the CO : H2 ratio exceeds 1 at these temperatures, which is attributed to faster direct carbon dioxide conversion to SrCO3 without catalytic DRM reactivity. As no Sm2O2CO3 surface or bulk phase as a result of carbon dioxide activation was observed for any material – in contrast to La2O2CO3 – we suggest that oxy-carbonate formation plays only a minor role for DRM reactivity. Rather, we identify surface graphitic carbon as the potentially reactive intermediate. Graphitic carbon has already been shown as a crucial reaction intermediate in metal-oxide DRM catalysts and appears both for Sm1.5Sr0.5NiO4 and NiO/monoclinic Sm2O3 after reaction as crystalline structure. It is significantly more pronounced for the latter due to the higher amount of oxygen-deficient monoclinic Sm2O3 facilitating carbon dioxide activation. Despite the often reported beneficial role of earth alkaline dopants in DRM catalysis, we show that the situation is more complex. In our studies, the detrimental role of earth alkaline doping manifests itself in the exclusive formation of the sole stable carbonated species and a general destabilization of the Ni/monoclinic Sm2O3 interface by favoring Ni particle sintering. To elucidate the role of earth alkaline doping in perovskite-based dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalysts, we embarked on a comparative and exemplary study of a Ni-based Sm perovskite with and without Sr doping.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maged F. Bekheet
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolas Bonmassar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Albert Gili
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekretariat TC 8, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franz Kamutzki
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew Doran
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sabine Schwarz
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Praetz
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aligholi Niaei
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Farzi
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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12
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Yang H, Wang H, Wei L, Yang Y, Li YW, Wen XD, Jiao H. Simple mechanisms of CH 4 reforming with CO 2 and H 2O on a supported Ni/ZrO 2 catalyst. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:26392-26400. [PMID: 34792065 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04048k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To understand the metal-support interaction of oxide supported transition metal catalysts, we computed the reaction mechanisms of dry and steam reforming of methane on a tetragonal ZrO2(101) supported Ni catalyst. Based on the limited number of active sites on the surface, an irregular and non-ideal Ni13 cluster on ZrO2(101) is identified as a catalyst. A simple reaction mechanism is proposed, and the first direct dissociation step of CO2, CH4 and H2O is the most difficult based on the computed Gibbs free energies and no surface CHXO and CHXOH intermediates are involved, different from that on the flat Ni(111) surface. Analysis of other supported nickel catalysts shows that not only the support but also the size and shape of the metal clusters play an important role in the reaction mechanisms and kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lisha Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Yong-Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids, Synfuels China Co., Ltd, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China
| | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, Rostock, 18059, Germany
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13
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Penner S. How the in situ monitoring of bulk crystalline phases during catalyst activation results in a better understanding of heterogeneous catalysis. CrystEngComm 2021; 23:6470-6480. [PMID: 34602861 PMCID: PMC8474056 DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00817j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The present Highlight article shows the importance of the in situ monitoring of bulk crystalline compounds for a more thorough understanding of heterogeneous catalysts at the intersection of catalysis, materials science, crystallography and inorganic chemistry. Although catalytic action is widely regarded as a purely surface-bound phenomenon, there is increasing evidence that bulk processes can detrimentally or beneficially influence the catalytic properties of various material classes. Such bulk processes include polymorphic transformations, formation of oxygen-deficient structures, transient phases and the formation of a metal-oxide composite. The monitoring of these processes and the subsequent establishment of structure-property relationships are most effective if carried out in situ under real operation conditions. By focusing on synchrotron-based in situ X-ray diffraction as the perfect tool to follow the evolution of crystalline species, we exemplify the strength of the concept with five examples from various areas of catalytic research. As catalyst activation studies are increasingly becoming a hot topic in heterogeneous catalysis, the (self-)activation of oxide- and intermetallic compound-based materials during methanol steam and methane dry reforming is highlighted. The perovskite LaNiO3 is selected as an example to show the complex structural dynamics before and during methane dry reforming, which is only revealed upon monitoring all intermediate crystalline species in the transformation from LaNiO3 into Ni/La2O3/La2O2CO3. ZrO2-based materials form the second group, indicating the in situ decomposition of the intermetallic compound Cu51Zr14 into an epitaxially stabilized Cu/tetragonal ZrO2 composite during methanol steam reforming, the stability of a ZrO0.31C0.69 oxycarbide and the gas-phase dependence of the tetragonal-to-monoclinic ZrO2 polymorphic transformation. The latter is the key parameter to the catalytic understanding of ZrO2 and is only appreciated in full detail once it is possible to follow the individual steps of the transformation between the crystalline polymorphic structures. A selected example is devoted to how the monitoring of crystalline reactive carbon during methane dry reforming operation aids in the mechanistic understanding of a Ni/MnO catalyst. The most important aspect is the strict use of in situ monitoring of the structural changes occurring during (self-)activation to establish meaningful structure-property relationships allowing conclusions beyond isolated surface chemical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Penner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Innrain 52c A-6020 Innsbruck Austria +4351250758003
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14
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Ploner K, Doran A, Kunz M, Gili A, Gurlo A, Köwitsch N, Armbrüster M, Bernardi J, Watschinger M, Penner S. Steering the methanol steam reforming reactivity of intermetallic Cu-In compounds by redox activation: stability vs. formation of an intermetallic compound-oxide interface. Catal Sci Technol 2021; 11:5518-5533. [PMID: 34457240 PMCID: PMC8365629 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To compare the inherent methanol steam reforming properties of intermetallic compounds and a corresponding intermetallic compound–oxide interface, we selected the Cu–In system as a model to correlate the stability limits, self-activation and redox activation properties with the catalytic performance. Three distinct intermetallic Cu–In compounds – Cu7In3, Cu2In and Cu11In9 – were studied both in an untreated and redox-activated state resulting from alternating oxidation–reduction cycles. The stability of all studied intermetallic compounds during methanol steam reforming (MSR) operation is essentially independent of the initial stoichiometry and all accordingly resist substantial structural changes. The inherent activity under batch MSR conditions is highest for Cu2In, corroborating the results of a Cu2In/In2O3 sample accessed through reactive metal–support interaction. Under flow MSR operation, Cu7In3 displays considerable deactivation, while Cu2In and Cu11In9 feature stable performance at simultaneously high CO2 selectivity. The missing significant self-activation is most evident in the operando thermogravimetric experiments, where no oxidation is detected for any of the intermetallic compounds. In situ X-ray diffraction allowed us to monitor the partial decomposition and redox activation of the Cu–In intermetallic compounds into Cu0.9In0.1/In2O3 (from Cu7In3), Cu7In3/In2O3 (from Cu2In) and Cu7In3/Cu0.9In0.1/In2O3 (from Cu11In9) interfaces with superior MSR performance compared to the untreated samples. Although the catalytic profiles appear surprisingly similar, the latter interface with the highest indium content exhibits the least deactivation, which we explain by formation of stabilizing In2O3 patches under MSR conditions. To compare the properties of intermetallic compounds and intermetallic compound–oxide interfaces, Cu–In was used as a model to correlate stability limits, self-activation and redox activation with the inherent methanol steam reforming performance.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ploner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Innrain 52c A-6020 Innsbruck Austria +4351250758003
| | - Andrew Doran
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Martin Kunz
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Albert Gili
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und - Technologien, Technical University Berlin Hardenbergstr. 40 D-10623 Berlin Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin Sekretariat TC 8, Straße des 17. Juni 124 D-10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und - Technologien, Technical University Berlin Hardenbergstr. 40 D-10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Nicolas Köwitsch
- Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Technical University Chemnitz Straße der Nationen 62 D-09111 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Marc Armbrüster
- Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Technical University Chemnitz Straße der Nationen 62 D-09111 Chemnitz Germany
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10 A-1040 Vienna Austria
| | - Maximilian Watschinger
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Innrain 52c A-6020 Innsbruck Austria +4351250758003
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Innrain 52c A-6020 Innsbruck Austria +4351250758003
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15
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Penner S, Kheyrollahi Nezhad PD. Steering the Catalytic Properties of Intermetallic Compounds and Alloys in Reforming Reactions by Controlled in Situ Decomposition and Self-Activation. ACS Catal 2021; 11:5271-5286. [PMID: 34055455 PMCID: PMC8154320 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on the increasing importance of intermetallic compounds and alloys in heterogeneous catalysis, we explore the possibilities of using selected intermetallic compounds and alloy structures and phases as catalyst precursors to prepare highly active and CO2-selective methanol steam reforming (MSR) as well as dry reforming of methane (DRM) catalyst entities by controlled in situ decomposition and self-activation. The exemplary discussed examples (Cu51Zr14, CuZn, Pd2Zr, GaPd2, Cu2In, ZnPd, and InPd) show both the advantages and pitfalls of this approach and how the concept can be generalized to encompass a wider set of intermetallic compounds and alloy structures. Despite the common feature of all systems being the more or less pronounced decomposition of the intermetallic compound surface and bulk structure and the in situ formation of much more complex catalyst entities, differences arise due to the oxidation propensity and general thermodynamic stability of the chosen intermetallic compound/alloy and their constituents. The metastability and intrinsic reactivity of the evolving oxide polymorph introduced upon decomposition and the surface and bulk reactivity of carbon, governed by the nature of the metal/intermetallic compound-oxide interfacial sites, are of equal importance. Structural and chemical rearrangements, dictating the catalytic performance of the resulting entity, are present in the form of a complete destruction of the intermetallic compound bulk structure (Cu51Zr14) and the formation of an metal/oxide (Cu51Zr14, InPd) or intermetallic compound/oxide (ZnPd, Cu2In, CuZn) interface or the intertranformation of intermetallic compounds with varying composition (Pd2Zr) before the formation of Pd/ZrO2. In this Perspective, the prerequisites to obtain a leading theme for pronounced CO2 selectivity and high activity will be reviewed. Special focus will be put on raising awareness of the intrinsic properties of the discussed catalyst systems that need to be controlled to obtain catalytically prospective materials. The use of model systems to bridge the material's gap in catalysis will also be highlighted for selected examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Penner
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Parastoo Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Reactor
and Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Bekheet MF, Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad P, Bonmassar N, Schlicker L, Gili A, Praetz S, Gurlo A, Doran A, Gao Y, Heggen M, Niaei A, Farzi A, Schwarz S, Bernardi J, Klötzer B, Penner S. Steering the Methane Dry Reforming Reactivity of Ni/La 2O 3 Catalysts by Controlled In Situ Decomposition of Doped La 2NiO 4 Precursor Structures. ACS Catal 2021; 11:43-59. [PMID: 33425477 PMCID: PMC7783868 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The influence of A- and/or B-site doping of Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite materials on the crystal structure, stability, and dry reforming of methane (DRM) reactivity of specific A2BO4 phases (A = La, Ba; B = Cu, Ni) has been evaluated by a combination of catalytic experiments, in situ X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and aberration-corrected electron microscopy. At room temperature, B-site doping of La2NiO4 with Cu stabilizes the orthorhombic structure (Fmmm) of the perovskite, while A-site doping with Ba yields a tetragonal space group (I4/mmm). We observed the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transformation above 170 °C for La2Ni0.9Cu0.1O4 and La2Ni0.8Cu0.2O4, slightly higher than for undoped La2NiO4. Loss of oxygen in interstitial sites of the tetragonal structure causes further structure transformations for all samples before decomposition in the temperature range of 400 °C-600 °C. Controlled in situ decomposition of the parent or A/B-site doped perovskite structures in a DRM mixture (CH4:CO2 = 1:1) in all cases yields an active phase consisting of exsolved nanocrystalline metallic Ni particles in contact with hexagonal La2O3 and a mixture of (oxy)carbonate phases (hexagonal and monoclinic La2O2CO3, BaCO3). Differences in the catalytic activity evolve because of (i) the in situ formation of Ni-Cu alloy phases (in a composition of >7:1 = Ni:Cu) for La2Ni0.9Cu0.1O4, La2Ni0.8Cu0.2O4, and La1.8Ba0.2Ni0.9Cu0.1O4, (ii) the resulting Ni particle size and amount of exsolved Ni, and (iii) the inherently different reactivity of the present (oxy)carbonate species. Based on the onset temperature of catalytic DRM activity, the latter decreases in the order of La2Ni0.9Cu0.1O4 ∼ La2Ni0.8Cu0.2O4 ≥ La1.8Ba0.2Ni0.9Cu0.1O4 > La2NiO4 > La1.8Ba0.2NiO4. Simple A-site doped La1.8Ba0.2NiO4 is essentially DRM inactive. The Ni particle size can be efficiently influenced by introducing Ba into the A site of the respective Ruddlesden-Popper structures, allowing us to control the Ni particle size between 10 nm and 30 nm both for simple B-site and A-site doped structures. Hence, it is possible to steer both the extent of the metal-oxide-(oxy)carbonate interface and its chemical composition and reactivity. Counteracting the limitation of the larger Ni particle size, the activity can, however, be improved by additional Cu-doping on the B-site, enhancing the carbon reactivity. Exemplified for the La2NiO4 based systems, we show how the delicate antagonistic balance of doping with Cu (rendering the La2NiO4 structure less stable and suppressing coking by efficiently removing surface carbon) and Ba (rendering the La2NiO4 structure more stable and forming unreactive surface or interfacial carbonates) can be used to tailor prospective DRM-active catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged F. Bekheet
- Fachgebiet Keramische
Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für
Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Parastoo Delir Kheyrollahi Nezhad
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51386, Iran
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicolas Bonmassar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Schlicker
- Fachgebiet Keramische
Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für
Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Gili
- Fachgebiet Keramische
Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für
Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Praetz
- Institute of Optics
and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität
Berlin, Hardenbergstraße
36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Fachgebiet Keramische
Werkstoffe/Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials, Institut für
Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew Doran
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yuanxu Gao
- Ernst Ruska-Centrum
für Mikroskopie und Spektroskopie mit Elektronen Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Centrum
für Mikroskopie und Spektroskopie mit Elektronen Forschungszentrum
Jülich GmbH 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Aligholi Niaei
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51386, Iran
| | - Ali Farzi
- Reactor & Catalyst Research Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51386, Iran
| | - Sabine Schwarz
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Bernardi
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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17
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Fan J, Du H, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Liu Y, Li D, Feng J. Recent Progress on Rational Design of Bimetallic Pd Based Catalysts and Their Advanced Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Dianqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Junting Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Center for Hierarchical Catalysts, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
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18
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Abstract
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) can effectively convert two greenhouse gases into high-valued chemicals, in which the syngas produced by the reaction can be directly used as raw gases for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and methanol synthesis. Ni-based catalysts for the DRM reaction with comparable initial activity to noble metals are the focus of most researchers, but their poor carbon deposition resistance easily causes their low stability. More importantly, the nickel loading will affect the catalytic activity and carbon deposition resistance of the catalyst. Herein, a series of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts with bimodal pores was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physical adsorption–desorption, H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), temperature programmed hydrogenation (TPH), Raman, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The results show that the interesting bimodal structure catalysts could provide a high surface area and contribute to the mass transfer. Besides, the catalytic performance of the DRM reaction is sensitive to nickel loadings. In this study, the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst with nickel loadings of 6% and 8% exhibited excellent catalytic activity and carbon deposition resistance. These findings will provide a new strategy to design a highly efficient and stable heterogeneous catalyst for industry.
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19
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Penner S, Götsch T, Klötzer B. Increasing Complexity Approach to the Fundamental Surface and Interface Chemistry on SOFC Anode Materials. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:1811-1821. [PMID: 32786330 PMCID: PMC7497703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this Account, we demonstrate an increasing
complexity approach
to gain insight into the principal aspects of the surface and interface
chemistry and catalysis of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode and
electrolyte materials based on selected oxide, intermetallic, and
metal–oxide systems at different levels of material complexity,
as well as into the fundamental microkinetic reaction steps and intermediates
at catalytically active surface and interface sites. To dismantle
the complexity, we highlight our deconstructing step-by-step approach,
which allows one to deduce synergistic properties of complex composite
materials from the individual surface catalytic properties of the
single constituents, representing the lowest complexity level: pure
oxides and pure metallic materials. Upon mixing and doping the latter,
directly leading to formation of intermetallic compounds/alloys in
the case of metals and oxygen ion conductors/mixed ionic and electronic
conductors for oxides, a second complexity level is reached. Finally,
the introduction of an (inter)metall(ic)–(mixed) oxide interface
leads to the third complexity level. A shell-like model featuring
three levels of complexity with the unveiled surface and interface
chemistry at its core evolves. As the shift to increased complexity
decreases the number of different materials, the interconnections
between the studied materials become more convoluted, but the resulting
picture of surface chemistry becomes clearer. The materials featured
in our investigations are all either already used technologically
important or prospective components of SOFCs (such as yttria-stabilized
zirconia, perovskites, or Ni–Cu alloys) or their basic constituents
(e.g., ZrO2), or they are formed by reactions of other
compounds (for instance, pyrochlores are thought to be formed at the
YSZ/perovskite phase boundary). We elaborate three representative
case studies based on ZrO2, Y2O3,
and Y-doped ZrO2 in detail from all three complexity levels.
By interconnection of results, we are able to derive common principles
of the influence of surface and interface chemistry on the catalytic
operation of SOFC anode materials. In situ measurements
of the reactivity of water and carbon surface species on ZrO2- and Y2O3-based materials represent levels
1 and 2. The highest degree of complexity at level 3 is exemplified
by combined surface science and catalytic studies of metal–oxide
systems, oxidatively derived from intermetallic Cu–Zr and Pd–Zr
compounds and featuring a large number of phases and interfaces. We
show that only by appreciating insight into the basic building blocks
of the catalyst materials at lower levels, a full understanding of
the catalytic operation of the most complex materials at the highest
level is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Götsch
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4−6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34−36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Carbide-Modified Pd on ZrO2 as Active Phase for CO2-Reforming of Methane—A Model Phase Boundary Approach. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Starting from subsurface Zr0-doped “inverse” Pd and bulk-intermetallic Pd0Zr0 model catalyst precursors, we investigated the dry reforming reaction of methane (DRM) using synchrotron-based near ambient pressure in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS), in-situ X-ray diffraction and catalytic testing in an ultrahigh-vacuum-compatible recirculating batch reactor cell. Both intermetallic precursors develop a Pd0–ZrO2 phase boundary under realistic DRM conditions, whereby the oxidative segregation of ZrO2 from bulk intermetallic PdxZry leads to a highly active composite layer of carbide-modified Pd0 metal nanoparticles in contact with tetragonal ZrO2. This active state exhibits reaction rates exceeding those of a conventional supported Pd–ZrO2 reference catalyst and its high activity is unambiguously linked to the fast conversion of the highly reactive carbidic/dissolved C-species inside Pd0 toward CO at the Pd/ZrO2 phase boundary, which serves the role of providing efficient CO2 activation sites. In contrast, the near-surface intermetallic precursor decomposes toward ZrO2 islands at the surface of a quasi-infinite Pd0 metal bulk. Strongly delayed Pd carbide accumulation and thus carbon resegregation under reaction conditions leads to a much less active interfacial ZrO2–Pd0 state.
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21
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Vasiliades M, Damaskinos C, Kyprianou K, Kollia M, Efstathiou A. The effect of Pt on the carbon pathways in the dry reforming of methane over Ni-Pt/Ce0.8Pr0.2O2-δ catalyst. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Thakur R, VahidMohammadi A, Smith J, Hoffman M, Moncada J, Beidaghi M, Carrero CA. Insights into the Genesis of a Selective and Coke-Resistant MXene-Based Catalyst for the Dry Reforming of Methane. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raj Thakur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Armin VahidMohammadi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Justin Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Megan Hoffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Jorge Moncada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Majid Beidaghi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
| | - Carlos A. Carrero
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36830, United States
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23
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Stabilizing Ni on bimodal mesoporous-macroporous alumina with enhanced coke tolerance in dry reforming of methane to syngas. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Götsch T, Wernig EM, Klötzer B, Schachinger T, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Penner S. An ultra-flexible modular high vacuum setup for thin film deposition. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:023902. [PMID: 30831745 DOI: 10.1063/1.5065786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A modular high vacuum chamber dedicated to thin film deposition is presented. We detail the vacuum and gas infrastructure required to operate two highly flexible chambers simultaneously, with a focus on evaporation techniques (thermal and electron beam) and magnetron sputtering, including baking equipment to remove residual water from the chamber. The use of O-ring-sealed flat flanges allows a tool-free assembly process, in turn enabling rapid changes of the whole setup. This leads to a high flexibility regarding the deposition techniques as the chamber can be adapted to different sources within minutes, permitting the formation of multilayer systems by consecutive depositions onto the same substrate. The central piece of the chamber is a flat flange ground glass tube or cross. The glass recipient permits optical monitoring of the deposition process. Further equipment, such as for the introduction of gases, additional pressure gauges, or evaporators, can be incorporated via specifically designed stainless steel/aluminum interconnectors and blank flanges. In the end, we demonstrate the preparation of an unsupported thin film system consisting of electron-beam-evaporated platinum nanoparticles embedded in magnetron-sputtered zirconia (ZrO2), deposited onto NaCl single crystals, which subsequently can be removed by dissolution. These films are further analyzed by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Götsch
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Wernig
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Schachinger
- University Service Center for Transmission Electron Microscopy, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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25
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Feng X, Liu J, Zhang P, Zhang Q, Xu L, Zhao L, Song X, Gao L. Highly coke resistant Mg-Ni/Al 2O 3 catalyst prepared via a novel magnesiothermic reduction for methane reforming catalysis with CO 2: the unique role of Al-Ni intermetallics. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:1262-1272. [PMID: 30603751 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08447e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Addition of alkaline promoters is considered to be an effective way to improve the coking resistance of the metal/support composite catalysts for dry reforming of methane (DRM). The traditional metal/promoter/support composites for DRM catalysis are generally obtained from alkaline species impregnation and then high temperature H2 reduction. This two-step process leads to a random distribution of metal-promoter interaction. We herein report a novel magnesiothermic method to reduce Ni from spinel precursor and introduce alkaline Mg(ii) into the composite at the same time, which also gratifies the interaction between the promoter and metal nanoparticles (NPs). The reaction paths to Mg reduction are proposed. The as prepared catalysts show good activity and outstanding coking resistance in DRM. The Ni-Al intermetallics in the catalyst were found for the first time to play an important role in coking resistance as they can be in situ transformed into Ni nanoparticles and MgAl2O4 with strong metal-support interaction during the DRM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
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26
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Köpfle N, Götsch T, Grünbacher M, Carbonio EA, Hävecker M, Knop-Gericke A, Schlicker L, Doran A, Kober D, Gurlo A, Penner S, Klötzer B. Zirconium-Assisted Activation of Palladium To Boost Syngas Production by Methane Dry Reforming. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14613-14618. [PMID: 30179293 PMCID: PMC6221108 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
C-saturated Pd0 nanoparticles with an extended phase boundary to ZrO2 evolve from a Pd0 Zr0 precatalyst under CH4 dry reforming conditions. This highly active catalyst state fosters bifunctional action: CO2 is efficiently activated at oxidic phase boundary sites and Pdx C provides fast supply of C-atoms toward the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Köpfle
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 c, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Götsch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 c, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Grünbacher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 c, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emilia A Carbonio
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Hävecker
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Axel Knop-Gericke
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlicker
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew Doran
- Advanced Light Source, Beamline 12.2.2., Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Delf Kober
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksander Gurlo
- Fachgebiet Keramische Werkstoffe, Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaften und -technologien, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 40, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Penner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 c, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 c, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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