1
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Wang D, Luo H, Wang T, Dong X, Cao L, Huang L, Zou G. Gradual Increase in Birefringence of Antimony Oxalates through Precise Tuning of the Sb 3+/[C 2O 4] 2- Ratio. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13793-13799. [PMID: 38987980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Birefringent crystals play a crucial role in modulating and controlling the polarization of light in the optical communication and laser industries. Recently, adopting appropriate strategies to enhance the birefringence of crystals has become a prominent area of research focus. Herein, four UV antimony oxalate birefringent crystals, namely, K5Sb2(C2O4)5.5·3H2O, BaSb(C2O4)2.5·3H2O, Na4Sb2O(C2O4)4·6H2O, and Na3Sb(C2O4)2F2·2H2O, have been successfully synthesized. These compounds feature a similar zero-dimensional (0D) cluster structure and share the same functional groups, including π-conjugated [C2O4]2- groups and Sb3+-based distorted polyhedra with stereochemically active lone pairs (SCALPs). Interestingly, we achieved a stepwise increase in birefringence by precisely controlling the Sb3+/[C2O4]2- ratio, ultimately resulting in the compound Na3Sb(C2O4)2F2·2H2O exhibiting a large birefringence (0.21@546 nm). Additionally, we confirmed that the synergistic effects between the π-conjugated [C2O4]2- groups and the distorted polyhedra based on Sb3+ are responsible for the excellent optical properties observed in the reported compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Han Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Liling Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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2
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Lu J, Li Y, Kuk Y, Choi S, Kim K, Ko C, Bai Z, Ok KM. Bi(SO 4)F·H 2O and Bi(SO 4)(NO 3)·3H 2O: Chemical Substitution-Induced Birefringence Enhancement in Bismuth Sulfates. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13748-13754. [PMID: 38961705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Two new Bi(III)-based sulfates, namely, Bi(SO4)F·H2O (BSOF) and Bi(SO4)(NO3)·3H2O (BSNO), have been successfully synthesized through aliovalent replacement of partial [SO4]2- groups with F- and [NO3]- anions, respectively, in the parent structure of Bi2(SO4)3. Such chemical replacement altered the coordination environment of Bi3+ cations, facilitating changes in the structure and optical properties. Notably, the birefringence values of BSOF and BSNO are found to be 4.4 and 15.5 times that of parent Bi2(SO4)3. Further investigation into the structure-property relationship revealed that the birefringence enhancement in BSOF and BSNO is attributed to the improvement of the polarizability anisotropy of Bi3+-centered polyhedra in BSOF and BSNO compared to that of Bi2(SO4)3. In addition, the existence and optimized arrangement of planar [NO3]- groups are also indispensable for further birefringence improvement of the BSNO compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseung Kuk
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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3
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Long X, An R, Lv Y, Wu X, Mutailipu M. Tunable Optical Anisotropy in Rare-Earth Borates with Flexible [BO 3] Clusters. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401488. [PMID: 38695300 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Borates have garnered a lot of attention in the realm of solid-state chemistry due to their remarkable characteristics, in which the synthesis of borates with isolated [BO3] by adding rare-earth elements is one of the main areas of structural design study. Five new mixed-metal Y-based rare-earth borates, Ba2ZnY2(BO3)4, KNa2Y(BO3)2, Li2CsY4(BO3)5, LiRb2Y(BO3)2, and RbCaY(BO3)2, have been discovered using the high-temperature solution approach. Isolated [BO3] clusters arranged in various configurations comprise their entire anionic framework, allowing for optical anisotropy tuning between 0.024 and 0.081 under 1064 nm. In this study, we characterize the relative placements of their [BO3] groups and examine how their structure affects their characteristics. The origin of their considerable optical anisotropy has been proven theoretically. This study unequivocally demonstrates that even a slight alteration to borates' anionic structure can result in a significant improvement in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran An
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, People's Republic of China
| | - Miriding Mutailipu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
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4
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Luo H, Zhang Y, Wang T, Huang L, Cao L, Dong X, Zou G. Sb 2O 2SeO 3 and Sb 2O(SeO 3) 2: Two-Layered Antimony(III) Selenites with Enhanced Birefringence. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11470-11477. [PMID: 38833633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Two antimony selenites, Sb2O2SeO3 and Sb2O(SeO3)2, were synthesized by simultaneously incorporating stereochemically active lone pair electrons containing SeO32- and Sb3+. These compounds are structured with [SbOx] polyhedra and [SeO3] units within a two-dimensional framework. Both of them exhibit cutoffs at 300 and 330 nm within the ultraviolet (UV) range and demonstrate significant birefringence, with indices of 0.069 and 0.126 at 546 nm, respectively. These properties highlight their potential as UV birefringent materials. Structural analyses and theoretical calculations reveal that their exceptional birefringence results from the synergistic interactions between SeO32- anions and Sb3+ cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Tingyu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Liling Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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5
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Yan Z, Fan J, Pan S, Zhang M. Recent advances in rational structure design for nonlinear optical crystals: leveraging advantageous templates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6568-6599. [PMID: 38809128 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01136d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals that can expand the spectral range of laser outputs have attracted significant attention for their optoelectronic applications. The research progress from the discovery of new single crystal structures to the realization of final device applications involves many key steps and is very time consuming and challenging. Consequently, exploring efficient design strategies to shorten the research period and accelerate the rational design of novel NLO materials has become imperative to address the pressing demand for advanced materials. The recent shift in paradigm toward exploring new NLO crystals involves significant progress from extensive "trial and error" methodologies to strategic approaches. This review proposes the concept of rational structure design for nonlinear optical crystals leveraging advantageous templates. It further discusses their optical characteristics, promising applications as second-order NLO materials, and the relationship between their structure and performance, and highlights urgent issues that need to be addressed in the field of NLO crystals in the future. The review aims to provide ideas and driving impetus to encourage researchers to achieve new breakthroughs in the next generation of NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Yan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinbin Fan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Lv MH, Li SF, Wang J, Wang JX, Tang RL, Huang H, Zhang B, Yan D. (C 4H 6N 3O)(HSO 4): A Cytosinium Bisulfate with Large Birefringence and Moderate Second Harmonic Generation Effect Produced via Combining a Promising Planar Nonlinear Optical-Active Motif with a Tetrahedral Group. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10943-10948. [PMID: 38818955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Investigating novel nonlinear optical (NLO) active units serves as a valuable method for broadening the research landscape of NLO materials. This study showcases the potential of the cytosinium cation (C4H6N3O)+ as a novel NLO-active motif through theoretical calculations. The title compound exhibited a wide band gap of 3.85 eV, along with a moderate second harmonic generation (SHG) response of 1.65 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and significant birefringence of 0.47. Its exceptional optical properties are primarily attributed to the synergy interaction between cations and anionic groups in the asymmetric unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Lv
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
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7
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Bai Z, Ok KM. Exceptional Optical Anisotropy Enhancement Achieved Through Dual-Ions Cosubstitution Strategy in Novel Hybrid Bismuth Halides. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311391. [PMID: 38233208 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Guided by a superb dual-ions cosubstitution strategy, two novel, highly optically anisotropic hybrid bismuth halides are designed and synthesized. The first compound, Gu3Bi2NO3Cl8 (Gu = C(NH2)3), is developed using the 2D perovskite halide Cs3Bi2Cl9 as the maternal structure. This involved substituting all Cs+ cations with organic Gu+ and replacing some Cl- anions with [NO3]-. Further substitution of Cl- with additional [NO3]- resulted in the formation of nitrate-rich Gu2Bi(NO3)3Cl2 crystal, exhibiting a 3.4-fold increase in [NO3]- per unit volume. Both compounds have a structurally 0D nature, comprising bismuth-centered polyhedra formed by coordinated chlorides and monodentate/bidentate nitrate moieties, with Gu+ serving as a separator and linker. Notably, the presence of superb optically anisotropic dual-ions, i.e., planar Gu+ and [NO3]-, enables these crystals to possess sharply enhanced optical anisotropy, with birefringence values more than 1 order of magnitude higher than that of the initial crystal Cs3Bi2Cl9 (0.162/0.186vs 0.011 at 546 nm). The discovery and characterization of Gu3Bi2NO3Cl8 and Gu2Bi(NO3)3Cl2 crystals provide new insights into achieving expected modifications in optical properties through the utilization of a dual-ions cosubstitution strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wu JH, Hu CL, Li YF, Mao JG, Kong F. [(C 5H 6N 2) 2H](Sb 4F 13): a polyfluoroantimonite with a strong second harmonic generation effect. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8071-8079. [PMID: 38817564 PMCID: PMC11134327 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
It is of great difficulty to create a new antimonite with second-harmonic-generation (SHG) intensity larger than 6 times that of KDP. In this study, a polyfluoroantimonite strategy has been proposed to explore fluoroantimonites with large nonlinear optical (NLO) coefficients. Under the cooperation of chemical (highly asymmetric π-conjugated organic amine) and physical (viscous reaction medium ethylene glycol) methods, two novel polyfluoroantimonites, namely, (3PC)2(Sb4F14) and (3AP)2(Sb4F13), have been achieved. Interestingly, these two structures contain two new polyfluoroantimonite groups respectively, an isolated (Sb4F14)2- four-member polyhedral ring and an infinite [Sb4F13]∞- helical chain. More importantly, the polar (3AP)2(Sb4F13) displays a strong SHG intensity of 8.1 × KDP, a large birefringence of 0.258@546 nm and a high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) value of 149.7 MW cm-2. Theoretical calculations indicated that its strong SHG effect stems from the synergistic effect of the helical [Sb4F13]∞- polyfluoroantimonite chain and π-conjugated 3AP+ cation, with a contribution ratio of 48.93% and 50.77% respectively. This work provides a new approach for the design and synthesis of high-performance fluoroantimonites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Ya-Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Gao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Fang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
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9
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Ding M, Wu Q, Shen Y, Hong J, Dong G, Ma L. (C 8H 7N 2O 2) 2[Bi 2Br 8]·2H 2O and (C 8H 7N 2O 2) 6[Bi 2Cl 10]Cl 2·2H 2O: Exploring Birefringent Crystals in Hybrid Halide Systems. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9701-9705. [PMID: 38728855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, new hybrid birefringent crystals of (C8H7N2O2)2[Bi2Br8]·2H2O and (C8H7N2O2)6[Bi2Cl10]Cl2·2H2O were successfully synthesized by introducing a new birefringent group [C8H7N2O2]+ by a simple aqueous solution evaporation method. They crystallize in the P21/n space group, and their structure consists mainly of the π-conjugated group [C8H7N2O2]+ and the octahedron centered on Bi3+. By first-principles calculations, the birefringence response comes from the [C8H7N2O2]+ group with a planar π-conjugated structure. Meanwhile, the synthesis, structure, first-principles calculations, and optical properties are reported in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Ding
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yaoguo Shen
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jinquan Hong
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Guofa Dong
- Department of Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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10
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Bai Z, Lee J, Hu CL, Zou G, Ok KM. Hydrogen bonding bolstered head-to-tail ligation of functional chromophores in a 0D SbF 3·glycine adduct for a short-wave ultraviolet nonlinear optical material. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6572-6576. [PMID: 38699253 PMCID: PMC11062127 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01353k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The key properties of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials highly rely on the quality of functional chromophores (FCs) and their optimized interarrangement in the lattice. Despite the screening of various FCs, significant challenges persist in optimizing their arrangement within specific structures. Generally, FC alignment is achieved by designing negatively charged 2D layers or 3D frameworks, further regulated by templating cations. In this study, a novel 0D adduct NLO material, SbF3·glycine, is reported. Neutrally charged 0D [SbF3C2H5NO2] FCs, comprising [SbF3] pyramids and zwitterionic glycine, are well-aligned in the structure. The alignment is facilitated by the hydrogen bonding, reinforcing a 'head-to-tail' ligation of [SbF3C2H5NO2] FCs. Consequently, the title compound exhibits favorable NLO properties, including a large second-harmonic generation efficiency (3.6 × KDP) and suitable birefringence (cal. 0.057 @ 1064 nm). Additionally, its short absorption cut-off edge (231 nm) positions it as a promising short-wave ultraviolet NLO material. Importantly, the binary SbF3-amino acid system is expected to serve as a new resource for exploring ultraviolet NLO crystals, owing to the abundance of the amino acid family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University Seoul 04107 Republic of Korea
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11
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Ma L, Lv YL, Ao XF, Liu W, Guo SP, Tang RL. Centric Sc(HPO 3)(H 2PO 3)(H 2O) and Acentric Sc(H 2PO 3) 3: Two Ultraviolet Scandium Phosphite Optical Crystals. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7118-7122. [PMID: 38602476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Exploring ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear-optical (NLO) materials is significant for the conversion of a high-frequency laser. Two scandium phosphites, Sc(HPO3)(H2PO3)(H2O) and Sc(H2PO3)3, were successfully synthesized. Centric Sc(HPO3)(H2PO3)(H2O) exhibits a short UV cutoff edge (<200 nm) and a unique double-layer structure of [Sc2(HPO3)2(H2PO3)2(H2O)2]∞. The acentric Sc(H2PO3)3 exhibits a three-dimensional [Sc(H2PO3)3]∞ structure with a large band gap of 4.05 eV, and it demonstrates a moderately phase-matchable second-harmonic-generation response [0.60 × KDP (KH2PO4)] at 1064 nm. The crystal structures, optical properties, and theoretical calculations of the two compounds are discussed. This work will promote the exploration of new NLO phosphite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lei Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Fang Ao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ping Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China
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12
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Qi L, Jiang X, Duanmu K, Wu C, Lin Z, Huang Z, Humphrey MG, Zhang C. Record Second-Harmonic Generation and Birefringence in an Ultraviolet Antimonate by Bond Engineering. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9975-9983. [PMID: 38466811 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Oxides have attracted considerable attention owing to their potential for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications. Although significant progress has been achieved in optimizing the structural characteristics of primitives (corresponding to the simplest constituent groups, namely, cations/anions/neutral molecules) comprising the crystalline oxides, the role of the primitives' interaction in determining the resultant functional structure and optical properties has long been underappreciated and remains unclear. In this study, we employ a π-conjugated organic primitive confinement strategy to manipulate the interactions between primitives in antimonates and thereby significantly enhance the optical nonlinearity. Chemical bonds and relatively weak H-bonding interactions promote the formation of cis- and trans-Sb(III)-based dimer configurations in (C5H5NO)(Sb2OF4) (4-HPYSOF) and (C5H7N2)(Sb2F7) (4-APSF), respectively, resulting in very different second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiencies and birefringences. In particular, 4-HPYSOF displays an exceptionally strong SHG response (12 × KH2PO4 at 1064 nm) and a large birefringence (0.513 at 546 nm) for a Sb(III)-based NLO oxide as well as a UV cutoff edge. Structural analyses and theoretical studies indicate that polarized ionic bond interactions facilitate the favorable arrangement of both the inorganic and organic primitives, thereby significantly enhancing the optical nonlinearity in 4-HPYSOF. Our findings shed new light on the intricate correlations between the interactions of primitives, inorganic primitive configuration, and SHG properties, and, more broadly, our approach provides a new perspective in the development of advanced NLO materials through the interatomic bond engineering of oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qi
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kaining Duanmu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Wu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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13
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Zhang XW, Wang ZX, Hu CL, Li YF, Mao JG, Kong F. UV-Transparent SHG Material Explored in an Alkali Metal Sulfate Selenite System. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6067-6074. [PMID: 38489513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The first examples of alkali metal selenite sulfates, namely, Na8(SeO3)(SO4)3 (1), Na2(H2SeO3)(SO4) (2), and K4(H2SeO3)(HSO4)2(SO4) (3), were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal reactions. Their structures display three different zero-dimensional configurations composed of isolated sulfate tetrahedra and selenite groups separated by alkali metals. Na8(SeO3)(SO4)3 (1) features a noncentrosymmetric structure, while Na2(H2SeO3)(SO4) (2) and K4(H2SeO3)(HSO4)2(SO4) (3) are centrosymmetric. Powder second-harmonic-generation measurements revealed that Na8(SeO3)(SO4)3 (1) shows a phase-matchable SHG intensity about 1.2 times that of KDP. UV-vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopic analysis indicated that Na8(SeO3)(SO4)3 (1) has a short UV cutoff edge and a large optical band gap, which makes it a possible UV nonlinear optical material. Theoretical calculations revealed that the birefringence of Na8(SeO3)(SO4)3 (1) is 0.041 at 532 nm, which is suitable for phase-matching condition. This work provides a good experimental foundation for the exploration of new UV nonlinear crystals in an alkali metal selenite sulfate system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Gao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Fang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
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14
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Leng X, Hu M, Jing Q, Duan H, Chen H, Cui X. The Spin-Orbit Effect on the Electronic Structures, Refractive Indices, and Birefringence of X 2PO 4I (X = Pb, Sn, Ba and Sr): A First-Principles Investigation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:617. [PMID: 38607151 PMCID: PMC11013657 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Introducing post-transition metal cations is an excellent strategy for enhancing optical properties. This paper focuses on four isomers, namely the X2PO4I (X = Pb, Sn, Ba, and Sr) series. For the first time, the paper's attention is paid to the changes in electronic structure, as well as refractive indices and birefringence, with and without the inclusion of spin-orbit effects in this series. The first-principles results show that spin-orbit effects of the 5p and 6p states found in these compounds lead to splitting of the bands, narrowing of the band gap, enhancement of the lone-pair stereochemistry, and enhancement of the refractive indices and birefringence. Moreover, a comparison of the lone-pair electron phosphates, X2PO4I (X = Pb and Sn), and the isomeric alkaline earth metal phosphates, X2PO4I (X = Ba and Sr), reveals that changes in the band structure have a greater effect on the enhancement of the birefringence than the slight enhancement of the lone-pair stereochemical activity. This study has important implications for a deeper understanding of the optical properties of crystals and the design of novel optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qun Jing
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (X.L.); (M.H.); (H.D.); (H.C.)
| | | | | | - Xiuhua Cui
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (X.L.); (M.H.); (H.D.); (H.C.)
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15
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Li PF, Hu CL, Li YF, Mao JG, Kong F. Hg 4(Te 2O 5)(SO 4): A Giant Birefringent Sulfate Crystal Triggered by a Highly Selective Cation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7868-7874. [PMID: 38457655 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sulfate crystals are often criticized for their low birefringence. The small anisotropic SO4 group is becoming the biggest bottleneck hindering the application of sulfates in optical functional materials. In this study, we report a new method to significantly enhance the birefringence of sulfates. The title compound increases the birefringence recording of sulfates to 0.542@546 nm, which is significantly larger than that of the commercial birefringent crystal of TiO2 (0.306@546.1 nm). At the infrared wavelength, the birefringence of Hg4(Te2O5)(SO4) can be up to 0.400@1064 nm, which is also much larger than the infrared birefringent crystal of YVO4 (0.209@1064 nm). In addition, it also has a wide transparency range, high thermal stability, and excellent environmental stability, making it a potential birefringent material. Hg4(Te2O5)(SO4) features a novel two-dimensional layered structure composed of [Hg4(Te2O5)]2+ layers separated by isolated (SO4)2- tetrahedra. This compound was designed by introducing a highly selective cation in a tellurite sulfate system. The low valence low coordination cations connect with tellurite groups only, making the sulfate isolated in the structure. The steric repulsive action of the isolated SO4 tetrahedra may regulate the linear and lone pair groups arranged in a way that favors large birefringence. This method can be proven by theoretical calculations. PAWED studies showed that the large birefringence originated from the synergistic effect of (Hg2O2)2-, (Te2O5)2-, and (SO4)2- units, with a contribution ratio of 42.17, 37.92, and 19.88%, respectively. Our work breaks the limitation of low birefringence in sulfates and opens up new possibilities for their application as birefringent crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Gao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Fang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
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16
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Dong X, Huang H, Huang L, Zhou Y, Zhang B, Zeng H, Lin Z, Zou G. Unearthing Superior Inorganic UV Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Materials: A Mineral-Inspired Method Integrating First-Principles High-Throughput Screening and Crystal Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318976. [PMID: 38258950 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Natural minerals, with their adaptable framework structures exemplified by perovskite and lyonsite, have sparked substantial interest as potential templates for the design of advanced functional solid-state materials. Nonetheless, the quest for new materials with desired properties remains a substantial challenge, primarily due to the scarcity of effective and practical synthetic approaches. In this study, we have harnessed a synergistic approach that seamlessly integrates first-principles high-throughput screening and crystal engineering to reinvigorate the often-overlooked fresnoite mineral, Ba2 TiOSi2 O7 . This innovative strategy has culminated in the successful synthesis of two superior inorganic UV nonlinear optical materials, namely Rb2 TeOP2 O7 and Rb2 SbFP2 O7 . Notably, Rb2 SbFP2 O7 demonstrates a comprehensive enhancement in nonlinear optical performance, featuring a shortened UV absorption edge (260 nm) and a more robust second-harmonic generation response (5.1×KDP). Particularly striking is its significantly increased birefringence (0.15@546 nm), which is approximately 30 times higher than the prototype Ba2 TiOSi2 O7 (0.005@546 nm). Our research has not only revitalized the potential of the fresnoite mineral for the development of new high-performance UV nonlinear optical materials but has also provided a clearly defined roadmap for the efficient exploration of novel structure-driven functional materials with targeted properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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17
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Bai Z, Kuk Y, Lee J, Kim H, Ok KM. Guanidinium Vanadate [C(NH 2) 3] 3VO 4·2H 2O Revealing Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation and Wide Band Gaps. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3578-3585. [PMID: 38315816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A new guanidinium-templated vanadate, [C(NH2)3]3VO4·2H2O, has been synthesized in a phase-pure form. It crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric polar space group, Cc, and the crystal structure is built upon a framework of guanidinium, vanadate tetrahedra, and water molecules linked by hydrogen bonds. Notably, optical measurements reveal that the material exhibits an approximately 9.6-fold enhancement in second-harmonic generation efficiency compared to its phosphate analogue. The enhancement can be attributed to the increased geometrical distortion of the VO4 tetrahedra. Furthermore, we found that the coordination number of the central vanadium atom significantly affects the optical band gaps. Among various coordination numbers, the 4-coordinate VO4 tetrahedra are found to be more favorable for widening the optical band gap of materials compared to the 5- and 6-coordinate vanadium polyhedra, as demonstrated by this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseung Kuk
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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18
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Lan Y, Luo H, Wang L, Huang L, Cao L, Dong X, Zou G. Two Short-Wave UV Antimony(III) Sulfates Exhibiting Large Birefringence. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2814-2820. [PMID: 38265337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
In the present work, we have successfully obtained two new UV antimony-based sulfates, NH4Sb(SO4)2 and Ca2Sb2O(SO4)4, by a conventional hydrothermal method. Interestingly, both compounds share similar structural building blocks, such as SbO4 seesaws and SO4 tetrahedra, yet they endow discrepant birefringence values measured at 546 nm with values of 0.150 and 0.114, respectively, owing to the different distortions of the SbO4 groups with SCALP electrons. Moreover, both compounds display large band gaps (4.32 and 4.43 eV, respectively), so they can be used as short-wavelength UV birefringent materials. Moreover, NH4Sb(SO4)2 is a noncentrosymmetric compound, showing a frequency doubling effect of 0.2 × KDP. Detailed structural analyses and calculations confirm the source of superior optical performance and the reasons for the different birefringence of the two compounds. This work provides ideas for the following discovery of antimony-based optical materials with excellent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Han Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Luli Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Liling Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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19
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Guo J, Zhan X, Lan J, Liu X, Zhao S, Xu X, Wu LM, Chen L. Sb 4O 5I 2: Enhancing Birefringence through Optimization of Sb/I Ratio for Alignment of Stereochemically Active Lone Pairs. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2217-2223. [PMID: 38207277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Birefringent crystals are the key components of functional optics, contributing significantly to scientific and technological advancements. To enhance birefringence, the presence of stereochemically active lone pairs offers a unique opportunity. In fact, strengthening the stereochemical activity and aligning uniformly lone pairs face tough challenges. Herein, an anisotropic layered crystal, Sb4O5I2, is discovered to exhibit enhanced birefringence. The influence of crystal symmetry on the birefringence of Sb4O5X2 (X = Cl, Br, or I) is found to be minor. Instead, the asymmetric nature of ABUCBs (i.e., cis-X3[SbO3]6- and cis-X3[SbO4]8-) plays a crucial role in enhancing the optical anisotropy. And the orientation of these ABUCBs is equally important. We demonstrate that by adjusting the Sb/I ratio from 5:1 to 2:1, all of the intralayer Sb atoms in Sb5O7I-P63 are forced onto the surface position. This structural adjustment leads to strengthened ionic bonding interactions, enhanced activity of the lone pairs, and uniform alignments of the ABUCBs in Sb4O5I2. Consequently, this results in a 6-fold increase in birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Guo
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtong Zhan
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
| | - Jiating Lan
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Wu
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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20
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Bai Z, Ok KM. Designing Sulfate Crystals with Strong Optical Anisotropy through π-Conjugated Tailoring. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315311. [PMID: 37888616 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate crystals typically exhibit minimal optical anisotropy due to the near-zero polarizability anisotropy (δ) of [SO4 ]2- tetrahedra, arising from highly symmetrical electron clouds. Recent research sought to enhance δ via chemical modifications, such as fluorination. However, the resultant crystals often maintain subpar optical anisotropy, frequently with birefringence values below 0.1. In this study, we have uncovered that δ can be significantly strengthened by chemically tailoring the tetrahedral [SO4 ]2- with anisotropic π-conjugated modules. This has been demonstrated by several newly proposed S-O-Org (Org: π-conjugated organic species) moieties, which show a sharp increase in δ based on theoretical computations. To further validate this experimentally, we synthesized and characterized six new 3-pyridinesulfonate crystals with the formula A(3-C5 H4 NSO3 ) ⋅ xH2 O (A=Li, Ag, K, Rb, Cs, and NH4 ; x=0 and 1). Notably, these materials exhibit strong optical anisotropy, with birefringence values ranging from 0.240 to 0.312 at 546 nm. These values are approximately 23 to 145.5 times greater than those of corresponding sulfates, and they outperform a vast number of sulfate-related optical materials, thus verifying the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Furthermore, the title compounds exhibit diverse microstructure peculiarities influenced by the size and binding natures of the counter cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 (Republic of, Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107 (Republic of, Korea
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21
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Xu W, Ma L, Lv YL, Ma SY, Liu W, Guo SP, Tang RL. C(NH 2) 3Cd(C 2O 4)Cl(H 2O)·H 2O and BaCd(C 2O 4) 1.5Cl(H 2O) 2: Two Oxalate Chlorides Obtained by Chemical Scissors Strategy Exhibiting Low-Dimensional Structural Networks and Balanced Overall Optical Properties. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:67-72. [PMID: 38112437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional crystalline materials have attracted much attention due to their special physical and chemical properties. Herein, two new oxalate chlorides, C(NH2)3Cd(C2O4)Cl(H2O)·H2O and BaCd(C2O4)1.5Cl(H2O)2, were synthesized. C(NH2)3Cd(C2O4)Cl(H2O)·H2O presents the unique {[Cd(C2O4)Cl(H2O)]-}∞ zigzag chain, while BaCd(C2O4)1.5Cl(H2O)2 shows a novel {[Cd(C2O4)1.5Cl]2-}∞ layer. They showed large measured band gaps, which were 3.76 and 4.53 eV, respectively, and the latter was the largest band gap in the A-M-C2O4-X (A = Monovalent cationic or alkaline earth metals, X = F, Cl, Br, I) family. They exhibit a large calculated birefringence of 0.075 and 0.096 at 1064 nm, respectively. This study promotes the exploration of synthesizing low-dimensional crystalline materials with balanced overall optical performances by a chemical scissors strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lei Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yu Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ping Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru-Ling Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhang R, Tudi A, Yang X, Wang X, Yang Z, Han S, Pan S. PbTeB 4O 9: a lead tellurium borate with unprecedented fundamental building block [B 4O 10] and large birefringence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:340-343. [PMID: 38078370 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the first lead tellurium borate, PbTeB4O9, with an unprecedented fundamental building block [B4O10] was successfully synthesized. The near-parallel alignment of [B4O10] groups and [TeO3] polyhedra resulted in a high birefringence (0.099@1064 nm). The structure-property relationship was discussed by using the first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Abudukadi Tudi
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuping Wang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Shujuan Han
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials; State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environmental Conditions; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials; Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
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23
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Yang S, Wu H, Hu Z, Wang J, Wu Y, Yu H. LiGa(IO 3 ) 4 : An Excellent NLO Material with Unprecedented 2D [Ga(IO 3 ) 4 ] ∞ - Layer Synthesized by Aliovalent Substitution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306459. [PMID: 37679055 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are indispensable for the solid-state lasers for their ability to expand wavelength spectral to the regions where the directing lasing is difficult or even impossible, yet the rational design of a high-performance NLO crystal remains a great challenge owing to the severe structural and properties' requirements. Herein, a new noncentrosymmetric (NCS) and polar gallium iodate, LiGa(IO3 )4 , with a novel 2D anionic layer, is successfully designed and synthesized by the aliovalent substitution strategy based on classic α-LiIO3 . The 2D [Ga(IO3 )4 ]∞ - layer in LiGa(IO3 )4 is built from the GaO6 octahedra and highly polarizable units IO3 . Compared with its parent compound, the partial replacement of A-site Li+ cation with main group Ga3+ cation facilitates LiGa(IO3 )4 to possess excellent NLO properties, including the large second-harmonic generation (SHG) response (14 × KH2 PO4 (KDP) @ 1064 nm), wide bandgap (4.25 eV), large birefringence (0.23 @ 1064 nm), and wide optical transparency from UV to mid-IR. These reveal that LiGa(IO3 )4 will be a promising NLO crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoxing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hongping Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhanggui Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jiyang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
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24
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Hu Y, Wu C, Jiang X, Duanmu K, Huang Z, Lin Z, Humphrey MG, Zhang C. Ultrashort Phase-Matching Wavelength and Strong Second-Harmonic Generation in Deep-UV-Transparent Oxyfluorides by Covalency Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315133. [PMID: 37926678 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of urgently-needed ultraviolet (UV)/deep-UV nonlinear optical (NLO) materials has been hindered by contradictory requirements of the microstructure, in particular the need for a strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) response as well as a short phase-matching (PM) wavelength. We herein employ a "de-covalency" band gap engineering strategy to adjust the optical linearity and nonlinearity. This has been achieved by assembling two types of transition-metal (TM) polyhedra ([TaO2 F4 ] and [TaF7 ]), affording the first tantalum-based deep-UV-transparent NLO materials, A5 Ta3 OF18 (A = K (KTOF), Rb (RTOF)). Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the highly ionic bonds and strong electropositivity of tantalum in the two oxyfluorides induce record short PM wavelengths (238 (KTOF) and 240 (RTOF) nm) for d0 -TM-centered oxides, in addition to strong SHG responses (2.8 × KH2 PO4 (KTOF) and 2.6 × KH2 PO4 (RTOF)), and sufficient birefringences (0.092 (KTOF) and 0.085 (RTOF) at 546 nm). These results not only broaden the available strategies for achieving deep-UV NLO materials by exploiting the currently neglected d0 -TMs, but also push the shortest PM wavelength into the short-wavelength UV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Hu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Kaining Duanmu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, 2601, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092, Shanghai, China
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25
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Liu X, Yang YC, Li MY, Chen L, Wu LM. Anisotropic structure building unit involving diverse chemical bonds: a new opportunity for high-performance second-order NLO materials. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 38014465 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00691c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We define the anisotropic structure building unit that encompasses diverse chemical bonds (ABUCB). The ABUCB is highly likely to cause anisotropy in both crystallographic structure and spatial electron distribution, ultimately resulting in enhanced macroscopic optical anisotropy. Accordingly, the (PO3F)2- or (SO3F)- tetrahedron involving the unique P-F or S-F bond serves as such an ABUCB. The distinct chemical bond effectively alters the microscopic nature of the structure building unit, such as polarizability anisotropy, hyperpolarizability, and geometry distortion; this consequently changes the macroscopic second-order nonlinear optical (2nd-NLO) properties of the materials. In this review, we summarize both typical and newly emerged compounds containing ABUCBs. These compounds encompass approximately 90 examples representing six distinct categories, including phosphates, borates, sulfates, silicates, chalcogenides and oxyhalides. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of ABUCBs in DUV/UV NLO compounds contributes to an increase in birefringence and retention of a large band gap, facilitating phase matching in high-energy short-wavelength spectral ranges. On the other hand, the inclusion of ABUCBs in IR NLO compounds offers a feasible method for increasing the band gap and consequently enhancing the larger laser-induced damage threshold. This review consolidates various trial-and-error explorations and presents a novel strategy for designing 2nd-NLO compounds, potentially offering an opportunity for the development of high-performance 2nd-NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Chang Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng-Yue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China
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26
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Liu Y, Long Y, Zeng W, Tian Y, Zeng H, Dong X, Lin Z, Zou G. Two van der Waals Layered Antimony(III) Phosphites as UV Optical Materials. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19135-19141. [PMID: 37947127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, two new Sb3+-based phosphites, Sb2O2(HPO3) (I) and Sb2O(HPO3)2 (II), were successfully obtained by ingeniously combining Sb3+-based polyhedra containing stereochemically active lone pair (SCALP) and HPO3 polar groups. Both reported compounds exhibit unique 2D van der Waals layered structures, [Sb4O4(HPO3)2]∞ and [Sb2O(HPO3)2]∞, respectively, which favors compounds with large optical anisotropy. Interestingly, the different curvatures of the two layers resulted in the two title compounds showing significantly different birefringences (0.079@546 and 0.046@546 nm, respectively). Both compounds endow wide optical band gaps (4.32 and 4.54 eV, respectively), which indicates their potential as promising ultraviolet (UV) birefringent crystals. The synthesis of the two title compounds enriched Sb3+-based phosphites in the UV region and provided guidance for the subsequent synthesis of superior optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ying Long
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yao Tian
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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27
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Zhang Z, Xu D, Wu Z, Hu M, Su X, Huang Y. KRb 2(NO 3) 2Cl: a new birefringent crystal exhibiting a perovskite-related framework and a short cutoff edge. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14303-14308. [PMID: 37801006 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02952b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The combination of π-conjugated groups [NO3] and Cl-centered polyhedra generates a new birefringent crystal with a perovskite-related framework, KRb2(NO3)2Cl, which is the first alkali metal nitrate chloride synthesized by a mild hydrothermal method. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group pbam (no. 55). In addition, KRb2(NO3)2Cl crystals with dimensions up to 7 × 1.5 × 1 mm3 were grown. Notably, KRb2(NO3)2Cl has a short UV cut-off edge (below 228 nm) and a significantly enhanced birefringence (Δn = 0.084 at 1064 nm). Theoretical calculations indicate that the birefringence enhancement mainly derives from π-conjugated [NO3] plane triangles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, China.
| | - Die Xu
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, China.
| | - Zhencheng Wu
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, China.
| | - Mei Hu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology & School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Street, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xin Su
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, China.
| | - Yineng Huang
- Xinjiang Laboratory of Phase Transitions and Microstructures in Condensed Matter Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yili Normal University, Yining, Xinjiang, 835000, China.
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28
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Jin C, Jiang X, Wu C, Duanmu K, Lin Z, Huang Z, Humphrey MG, Zhang C. Giant Mid-Infrared Second-Harmonic Generation Response in a Densely-Stacked Van Der Waals Transition-Metal Oxychloride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310835. [PMID: 37610762 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a fundamental optical property of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals. Thus far, it has proved difficult to engineer large SHG responses, particularly in the mid-infrared region, owing to the difficulty in simultaneously controlling the arrangement and density of functional NLO-active units. Herein, a new assembly strategy employing functional modules only, and aimed at maximizing the density and optimizing the spatial arrangement of highly efficient functional modules, has been applied to the preparation of NLO crystals, affording the van der Waals crystal MoO2 Cl2 . This exhibits the strongest powder SHG response (2.1×KTiOPO4 (KTP) @ 2100 nm) for a transition-metal oxyhalide, a wide optical transparency window, and a sufficient birefringence. MoO2 Cl2 is the first SHG-active transition-metal oxyhalide effective in the infrared region. Theoretical studies and crystal structure analysis suggest that the densely packed, optimally-aligned [MoO4 Cl2 ] modules within the two-dimensional van der Waals layers are responsible for the giant SHG response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Jin
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, China
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kaining Duanmu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, China
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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29
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Wang Q, Dong XH, Huang L, Ok KM, Lin ZE, Zou GH. Cd 2 Nb 2 Te 4 O 15 : A Novel Pseudo-Aurivillius-Type Tellurite with Unprecedented Nonlinear Optical Properties and Excellent Stability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302797. [PMID: 37246267 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxides are emerging candidates for mid-infrared (mid-IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. However, their intrinsically weak second harmonic generation (SHG) effects hinder their further development. A major design challenge is to increase the nonlinear coefficient while maintaining the broad mid-IR transmission and high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the oxides. In this study, it is reported on a polar NLO tellurite, Cd2 Nb2 Te4 O15 (CNTO), featuring a pseudo-Aurivillius-type perovskite layered structure composed of three types of NLO active groups, including CdO6 octahedra, NbO6 octahedra, and TeO4 seesaws. The uniform orientation of the distorted units induces a giant SHG response that is ≈31 times larger than that of KH2 PO4 , the largest value among all reported metal tellurites. Additionally, CNTO exhibits a large band gap (3.75 eV), a wide optical transparency window (0.33-14.5 µm), superior birefringence (0.12@ 546 nm), high LIDT (23 × AgGaS2 ), and strong acid and alkali resistance, indicating its potential as a promising mid-IR NLO material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Hua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, South Korea
| | - Zhi-En Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Hong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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30
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Calabrese M, Pizzi A, Beccaria R, Frontera A, Resnati G. Halogen Bonding Assembles Anion⋅⋅⋅Anion Architectures in Non-centrosymmetric Iodate and Bromate Crystals. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300298. [PMID: 37306232 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Single crystal X-ray diffraction of iodate and bromate salts shows that the I and Br atoms in IO3 - and BrO3 - anions form short and linear O-I/Br⋅⋅⋅O contacts with the O atoms of nearby anions. Non-centrosymmetric systems are formed wherein anions are orderly aligned into supramolecular 1D and 2D networks. Theoretical evidences, namely the outcome of QTAIM and NCIplot studies, prove the attractive nature of these contacts and the ability of iodate and bromate anions to act as robust halogen bond (HaB) donors. The HaB is proposed as a general and effective assisting tool to control the architecture of acentric iodate salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Calabrese
- NFMLab, Dept. Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- NFMLab, Dept. Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Beccaria
- NFMLab, Dept. Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Dept. Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
| | - Giuseppe Resnati
- NFMLab, Dept. Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milano, Italy
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31
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Wang W, Wang X, Xu L, Zhang D, Xue J, Wang S, Dong X, Cao L, Huang L, Zou G. Centrosymmetric Rb 2Sb(C 2O 4) 2.5(H 2O) 3 and Noncentrosymmetric RbSb 2(C 2O 4)F 5: Two Antimony (III) Oxalates as UV Optical Materials. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13148-13155. [PMID: 37532705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we have successfully synthesized two rubidium antimony (III) oxalates, namely, Rb2Sb(C2O4)2.5(H2O)3 and RbSb2(C2O4)F5, utilizing a low-temperature hydrothermal method. These two compounds share a similar chemical composition, consisting of Sb3+ cations with active lone pair electrons, alkali metal Rb+ ions, and planar π-conjugated C2O42- anions. However, they exhibit different symmetries, Rb2Sb(C2O4)2.5(H2O)3 is centrosymmetric (CS), while RbSb2(C2O4)F5 is noncentrosymmetric (NCS), which should be caused by the presence of F- ions. Notably, the NCS compound, RbSb2(C2O4)F5, demonstrates a moderate second-harmonic generation (SHG) response, approximately 1.3 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP), and exhibits a large birefringence of 0.09 at 546 nm. These characteristics indicate that RbSb2(C2O4)F5 holds promising potential as a nonlinear optical material for ultraviolet (UV) applications. Detailed structural analysis and theoretical calculations confirm that the excellent optical properties arise from the synergistic effects between Sb3+ cations with SCALP and planar π-conjugated [C2O4]2- groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Die Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Xue
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Shuyao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Liling Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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32
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jing Xu J, Wu K. Comprehensive review on multiple mixed-anion ligands, physicochemical performances and application prospects in metal oxysulfides. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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33
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Bai Z, Lee J, Kim H, Kuk Y, Choi MH, Hu CL, Ok KM. A Rare-Earth Selenite with Unexpectedly Well-Balanced Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Functionality, Sc(HSeO 3 ) 3. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207709. [PMID: 36759968 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Establishing high performance ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical (NLO) selenite crystals with well-balanced properties is very challenging attributable to their strong absorption for UV light. Here a rare-earth selenite, Sc(HSeO3 )3 , with excellent UV NLO properties is introduced. Sc(HSeO3 )3 crystallizing in the polar NCS space group, Cc, features a 3D archetiture built up by interconnected ScO6 octahedra and HSeO3 groups. The crystal exhibits remarkably well-balanced UV-NLO functionality, namely, the shortest absorption edge (214 nm) among NLO-active selenites, wide bandgap (5.28 eV), large phase-matchable SHG response (5 × KDP), and sufficiently large birefringence (cal. 0.105 @1064 nm). Detailed DFT calculations have been performed to elucidate the structure-property relationships. This work provides a new example of discovering novel UV NLO selenite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseung Kuk
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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34
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Kuk Y, Bae SB, Yang SM, Ok KM. A Polar Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze with Colossal Second-Harmonic Generation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2301374. [PMID: 37088734 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A polar tetragonal tungsten bronze, Pb1.91 K3.22 □0.85 Li2.96 Nb10 O30 (□: vacancies), has been successfully synthesized by a high temperature solid-state reaction. Single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction indicate that the structure of Pb1.91 K3.22 □0.85 Li2.96 Nb10 O30 crystallizing in the noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group, P4bm, consists of 3D framework with highly distorted NbO6 , LiO9 , PbO12 , and (Pb/K)O15 polyhedra. While NCS Pb1.91 K3.22 □0.85 Li2.96 Nb10 O30 undergoes a reversible phase transition between polar (P4bm) and nonpolar (P4/mbm) structure at around 460 °C, the material decomposes to centrosymmetric Pb1.45 K3.56 Li3.54 Nb10 O30 (P4/mbm) once heated to 1200 °C. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements with 1064 nm radiation indicate that Pb1.91 K3.22 □0.85 Li2.96 Nb10 O30 exhibits a giant phase-matchable SHG intensity of ≈71.5 times that of KH2 PO4 , which is the strongest intensity in the visible range among all nonlinear optical materials reported to date. The observed colossal SHG should be attributable to the synergistic effect of dipole moments from the well-aligned NbO6 octahedra, the constituting distortive channels with vacancies, and highly polarizable cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunseung Kuk
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Bin Bae
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mo Yang
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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35
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Wen X, Long Y, Luo D, Huang L, Zeng H, Wang X, Zou G, Lin Z. Host-Guest Symmetry Matching in Two Crystalline Magnesium Sulfate Oxalates Obtained Via a Solvent-Free Route. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6202-6206. [PMID: 37027523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
The combination of π-conjugated oxalate anion with sulfate group has been explored in the solvent-free synthesis of two new magnesium sulfate oxalates. One of them has a layered structure crystallized in the noncentrosymmetric space group Ia, while the other has a chainlike structure crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P21/c. The noncentrosymmetric solid has a wide optical bandgap and exhibits a moderate second-harmonic-generation response. Density functional theory calculations were carried out to disclose the origin of its second-order nonlinear-optical response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
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36
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Bai Z, Lee J, Kim H, Hu CL, Ok KM. Unveiling the Superior Optical Properties of Novel Melamine-Based Nonlinear Optical Material with Strong Second-Harmonic Generation and Giant Optical Anisotropy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301756. [PMID: 36970809 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two melamine-based metal halides, (C3 N6 H7 )(C3 N6 H6 )HgCl3 (I) and (C3 N6 H7 )3 HgCl5 (II), are synthesized by incorporating the heavy d10 cation, Hg2+ , and the halide anion, Cl- . The noncentrosymmetric structure of I results from two unique attributes: large asymmetric secondary building units produced by direct covalent coordination of melamine to Hg2+ and a small dihedral angle between melamine molecules. The former makes inorganic modules locally acentric, while the latter prevents planar organic groups from forming deleterious antiparallel arrangement. The unique coordination in I results in an enlarged band gap of 4.40 eV. Due to the large polarizability of the heavy Hg2+ cation and the π-conjugated system of melamine, I exhibits a strong second-harmonic generation efficiency of 5 × KH2 PO4 , larger than any reported melamine-based nonlinear optical materials to date. Density functional theory calculations indicate that I possesses giant optical anisotropy, with a birefringence of 0.246@1064 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
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37
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Yang M, Yao WD, Liu W, Guo SP. The first quaternary rare-earth oxythiogermanate with second-harmonic generation and ferromagnetic behavior. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3894-3897. [PMID: 36916900 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06703j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of new functional materials is attractive since they have the opportunity to change some important fields. Of these materials, oxychalcogenides constitute an increasing type of nonlinear optical (NLO) material. Herein, a new rare-earth oxythiogermanate Eu3GeOS4 crystallizing with a polar orthorhombic Pca21 structure is studied. Its three-dimensional structure is constructed from unique [EuOS6] monocapped trigonal prisms and isolated [GeOS3] tetrahedra, featuring a new type of oxysulfides. Its band gap is 2.05 eV, and it exhibits obvious second-harmonic generation (SHG) response and high laser-induced damage threshold. In addition, Eu3GeOS4 exhibits Curie-Weiss ferromagnetic behavior in the high-temperature region. The SHG effect is ascribed to the synergistic effect of [EuOS6] and [GeOS3] units based on theoretical calculation results. This work is the first investigation of quaternary rare-earth oxythiogermanates as NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Dong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Sheng-Ping Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225002, P. R. China.
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38
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Yan Q, Dong X, Huang L, Zhou Y, Lin Z, Zou G. Two Mixed-Alkali-Metal Selenates as Short-Wave Ultraviolet Nonlinear-Optical Materials. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4752-4756. [PMID: 36912489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Two novel mixed-alkali-metal selenate nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystals, Na3Li(H2O)3(SeO4)2·3H2O (I) and CsLi3(H2O)(SeO4)2 (II), have been successfully synthesized by an aqueous solution evaporation method. Both compounds feature the unique layers constructed of the same functional moieties including SeO4 and LiO4 tetrahedra: [Li(H2O)3(SeO4)2·3H2O]∞3- layers in I and [Li3(H2O)(SeO4)2]∞- layers in II. The titled compounds display wide optical band gaps of 5.62 and 5.66 eV, respectively, according to the UV-vis spectra. Interestingly, they exhibit significantly different second-order nonlinear coefficients (0.34 × KDP and 0.70 × KDP, respectively). Detailed dipole moment calculations manifest that the large disparity can be attributed to the difference in the dipole moment of the crystallographically independent SeO4 and LiO4 groups. This work confirms that alkali-metal selenate system is an excellent candidate for short-wave ultraviolet NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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39
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Li PF, Hu CL, Kong F, Mao JG. The First UV Nonlinear Optical Selenite Material: Fluorination Control in CaYF(SeO 3 ) 2 and Y 3 F(SeO 3 ) 4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301420. [PMID: 36847469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
It is a great challenge to develop UV nonlinear optical (NLO) material due to the demanding conditions of strong second harmonic generation (SHG) intensity and wide band gap. The first ultraviolet NLO selenite material, Y3 F(SeO3 )4 , has been obtained by control of the fluorine content in a centrosymmetric CaYF(SeO3 )2 . The two new compounds represent similar 3D structures composed of 3D yttrium open frameworks strengthened by selenite groups. CaYF(SeO3 )2 has a large birefringence (0.138@532 nm and 0.127@1064 nm) and a wide optical band gap (5.06 eV). The non-centrosymmetric Y3 F(SeO3 )4 can exhibit strong SHG intensity (5.5×KDP@1064 nm), wide band gap (5.03 eV), short UV cut-off edge (204 nm) and high thermal stability (690 °C). So, Y3 F(SeO3 )4 is a new UV NLO material with excellent comprehensive properties. Our work shows that it is an effective method to develop new UV NLO selenite material by fluorination control of the centrosymmetric compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Li Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Fang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Gao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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40
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Wu C, Jiang C, Wei G, Jiang X, Wang Z, Lin Z, Huang Z, Humphrey MG, Zhang C. Toward Large Second-Harmonic Generation and Deep-UV Transparency in Strongly Electropositive Transition Metal Sulfates. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3040-3046. [PMID: 36634002 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of deep-ultraviolet (DUV)/solar-blind UV nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals simultaneously possessing wide UV transparency, strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) response, and suitable birefringence is a major challenge in advanced laser technology. We herein propose a "cation compensation" strategy for strong optical nonlinearity in inorganic solids that is exemplified by the introduction of strongly electropositive transition metals (TMs). Following this strategy, the first d0 TM UV-transparent NLO sulfates, MF2(SO4) (M = Zr (ZFSO), Hf (HFSO)), have been synthesized. Short UV cutoff edges of 206 nm and below 190 nm are observed for bulk ZFSO and HFSO crystals, respectively, together with the strongest powder SHG responses (3.2 × (ZFSO) and 2.5 × KDP (HFSO)) for solar-blind UV/DUV NLO sulfates, as well as suitable birefringence. This work provides a new and efficient approach to the development of urgently needed high-performance NLO materials for applications in the short-wavelength UV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chunbo Jiang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guangfeng Wei
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zujian Wang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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41
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Zhou J, Fan Z, Zhang K, Yang Z, Pan S, Li J. Rb 2CdSi 4S 10: novel [Si 4S 10] T2-supertetrahedra-contained infrared nonlinear optical material with large band gap. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:619-624. [PMID: 36514894 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01200f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Infrared nonlinear optical (IR-NLO) materials with wide band gaps are important for generating high-power laser light for modern laser technologies. Herein, a wide band gap IR-NLO material, Rb2CdSi4S10, was rationally designed and fabricated by introducing a NLO-active [Si4S10] T2-supertetrahedron (ST) into the quaternary sulfide system. The Rb2CdSi4S10 shows the largest band gap (4.23 eV) among the quaternary chalcogenide IR-NLO materials reported, which results in a high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of ∼5 × AgGaS2 (AGS) at 1064 nm. At the same time, it has a moderate second-harmonic generation (SHG) response (0.6 × AGS). Based on statistical analyses, the Rb2CdSi4S10 is the first compound to be discovered in the AI2BIICIV4QVI10 family, and also the first Si-rich sulfide IR-NLO material with a [Si4S10] T2-supertetrahedra. The results indicate that Rb2CdSi4S10 is a promising new IR-NLO material, and the NLO-active [Si4S10] T2-ST unit could be used for the exploration of IR-NLO material with excellent performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazheng Zhou
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Zhongxu Fan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Kewang Zhang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.
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42
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Wu JH, Zhang B, Jiang TK, Kong F, Mao JG. From Cs8Sb4Nb5O5F35 to Cs6Sb4Mo3O5F26: The First Noncentrosymmetric Fluoroantimonite with d0 Transition Metal. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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43
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Zhou W, Wu J, Liu W, Guo SP. Ag-based chalcogenides and derivatives as promising infrared nonlinear optical materials. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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44
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Wang F, Wu M, Yang Z, Long X, Yang Y, Pan S. Rational Design of the First Ammonium Magnesium Borate with Deep-Ultraviolet Cutoff Edge and Moderate Birefringence and Further Investigation into the Nature of Ammonium in the Borate System. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1697-1707. [PMID: 36651178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Through the rational design of the experimental method, the first combination of ammonium and magnesium in the borate system was successfully achieved. In this paper, a case of ammonium magnesium borate, (NH4)2{Mg(H2O)2[B6O7(OH)6]2}·2H2O, was successfully synthesized by a mild hydrothermal method at a relatively low temperature. A brief review was performed to show the participation of NH4+ in the recent development of optical materials. By discussing the optimum synthesis method of ammonium-containing borates and the main factors affecting the dimensionality of B-O anionic groups in their structures, the design strategy for synthesizing ammonium-containing borate and adjusting its structure has been put forward. Relevant experimental measurement results and the first-principles calculation results show that the title compound has a deep-UV cutoff edge (<200 nm) and moderate birefringence (Δncal. = 0.064 @546 nm), which indicates its potential application in the deep-UV region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Mengfan Wu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xifa Long
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
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45
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Hu C, Cheng M, Jin W, Han J, Yang Z, Pan S. A Cation-Driven Approach toward Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Materials. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0053. [PMID: 36930817 PMCID: PMC10013791 DOI: 10.34133/research.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The design of new materials with special performances is still a great challenge, especially for the deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials in which it is difficult to balance large bandgaps and strong second harmonic generation responses due to their inverse relationship. Cation variation not only influences the whole structure frameworks but also directly participates in the formation of electronic structures, both of which could lead to the uncontrollability of the properties of the designed materials. Here, a novel approach, aiming at purposeful and foreseeable material designs, is proposed to characterize the role of cations. By the verification of several series of borates, the influences of cation variation on property changes are explored systematically. Accordingly, a feasible strategy of designing deep-ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials by substituting barium for lead has been concluded, which could obviously blue-shift the ultraviolet cutoff edge and maintain the relatively strong second harmonic generation response (more than 2 times of KH2PO4), achieving the property optimization, and especially works efficiently in fluorooxoborates. The property optimization design strategy and the cation characterization method are not only helpful in exploring nonlinear optical materials but also enlightening in material design and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqi Jin
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Han
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shilie Pan
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, CAS, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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46
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Recent Advances on the Synthesis of Sb(III)-Based Inorganic Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Materials. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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47
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Taziev R, Atuchin V. Analysis of SAW Temperature Properties in KTiOPO 4 Single Crystal. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:69. [PMID: 36614406 PMCID: PMC9821228 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The surface acoustic wave (SAW) properties of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTiOPO4, KTP) single crystal were evaluated by numerical methods. The phase velocity, electromechanical coupling coefficient, power flow deflection angle, and temperature coefficient of delay (TCD) were determined for different crystal cuts of KTP. It was shown that SAW has the electromechanical coupling coefficient of 0.59% and the TCD of 62 ppm/°C on the Z-cut and wave propagation direction along the crystal X + 70°-axis. For the Z-cut and wave propagation direction along the X-axis, the pseudo-surface wave (PSAW) is characterized by the coupling coefficient of 0.46% and the TCD value of 57 ppm/°C. The Bleustein-Gulyaev (BG) wave has the TCD value of 35 ppm/°C and 41 ppm/°C on the Y- and X-cuts of KTP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Taziev
- Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victor Atuchin
- Laboratory of Optical Materials and Structures, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Research and Development Department, Kemerovo State University, 650000 Kemerovo, Russia
- Department of Industrial Machinery Design, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia
- R&D Center “Advanced Electronic Technologies”, Tomsk State University, 634034 Tomsk, Russia
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48
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Zhang XY, Zhou ZQ, Bao WX, Tang HX, Fu RB, Ma ZJ, Wu XT. New lead-iodide formates with a strong second-harmonic generation response and suitable birefringence obtained by the substitution strategy. Chem Sci 2022; 14:136-142. [PMID: 36605736 PMCID: PMC9769102 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals featuring a strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) response and suitable birefringence to achieve phase-matching are in urgent demand in industrial and commercial applications. Based on the substitution strategy, two new NLO lead-iodide formates, K2[PbI2(HCOO)2] and Rb2[PbI2(HCOO)2], have been successfully synthesized using a moderate mixed-solvothermal method. K2[PbI2(HCOO)2] and Rb2[PbI2(HCOO)2] exhibit strong phase-matching SHG responses of 8 and 6.8 × KDP, respectively, a suitable birefringence and transparent window covering most of the visible light and mid-IR region. Crystal structures and theoretical calculations unveil that the origins of the strong SHG response and suitable birefringence can be credibly attributed to the oriented arrangement of the highly distorted [PbI2O4] hexa-coordinated polyhedra, which are consistent in their local dipole moments, as well. This research provides a new strategy to explore high-performance NLO crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P. R. China
| | - Zi-Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xiu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China
| | - Hong-Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049P. R. China
| | - Rui-Biao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China,Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of ChinaFuzhouFujian 350108P. R. China
| | - Zu-Ju Ma
- School of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Yantai UniversityYantai264005P. R. China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian 350002P. R. China
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49
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Long Y, Dong X, Huang L, Zeng H, Lin Z, Zou G. SbHPO 3F: 2D van der Waals Layered Phosphite Exhibiting Large Birefringence. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16997-17001. [PMID: 36264600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel antimony(III)-based phosphite, SbHPO3F, featuring a unique two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals layered structure, has been successfully designed and synthesized via the simultaneous employment of optically active moieties including SbO3F seesaw and tetrahedral HPO3 groups. Its optimized layered arrangement formed by the alternating connection of 4-membered rings (4-MRs) and 8-MRs endows the title compound with desirable optical properties including a large birefringence and short ultraviolet (UV) cutoff edge, implying that it is a potential UV birefringent material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Long
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xuehua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zhien Lin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Guohong Zou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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Jiang C, Jiang X, Wu C, Huang Z, Lin Z, Humphrey MG, Zhang C. Isoreticular Design of KTiOPO 4-Like Deep-Ultraviolet Transparent Materials Exhibiting Strong Second-Harmonic Generation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20394-20399. [PMID: 36260708 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is of great technological importance for applications in nonlinear optics, but it remains challenging to engineer large SHG responses in the short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) region owing to competing microstructure requirements. Herein, we report the first examples of d0 transition-metal-based (TM-based) deep-UV-transparent nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals MOF4H2 (M = Zr (ZOF), Hf (HOF)), which exhibit unprecedented short UV absorption edges (below 190 nm). Evolving from the KTiOPO4 (KTP) structure by an isoreticular node substitution strategy, the three-dimensional frameworks of ZOF and HOF consist of corner-sharing [MO2F6] moieties that are new functional units in deep-UV NLO material design, conferring wide UV transparency and strong phase-matchable SHG response (2.2 × KH2PO4 (ZOF) and 1.8 × KH2PO4 (HOF) at 1064 nm). Such d0-TM-based [MO2F6] polyhedra preclude deleterious d-d electronic transitions, resulting in significantly blue-shifted UV absorption edges of ZOF and HOF (<190 nm). The d0-TM-based [MO2F6] polyhedra introduced in this work offer a new perspective in the construction of deep-UV transparent NLO materials, demonstrating the feasibility of an isoreticular design strategy in developing functional NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Jiang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Key Lab of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chao Wu
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zheshuai Lin
- Key Lab of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Mark G Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Chi Zhang
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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