1
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Lawson B, Vidal E, Luna S, Haley MM, Kamenetska M. Extreme Anomalous Conductance Enhancement in Neutral Diradical Acene-like Molecular Junctions. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39392333 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c10183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
We achieve, at room temperature, conductance enhancements over 2 orders of magnitude in single molecule circuits formed with polycyclic benzoquinoidal (BQn) diradicals upon increasing molecular length by ∼5 Å. We find that this extreme and atypical anti-ohmic conductance enhancement at longer molecular lengths is due to the diradical character of the molecules, which can be described as a topologically nontrivial electronic state, and results in constructive interference between the frontier molecular orbitals. The distinct feature of the compounds studied here as molecular wires is that they are characterized by moderate diradical character in the neutral state, allowing for robust and facile measurements of their transport properties. We adapt the 1D-SSH model, originally developed to examine electronic topological order in linear carbon chains, to the polycyclic systems studied here and find that it captures the anti-ohmic trends in this molecular series. Specifically, our model reveals that the mechanism of conductance enhancement with length in polycyclic systems is constructive quantum interference between the frontier orbitals with nontrivial topology, which is present in acene-like, but not in linear, molecular systems. Importantly, we use our model to predict and experimentally validate that anti-ohmic trends can be engineered through synthetic adjustments of the diradical character of the acene-like molecules. Overall, we achieve extreme anti-ohmic enhancement and mechanistic insight into electronic transport in a class of materials that we identify here as promising candidates for creating highly conductive and tunable nanoscale wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent Lawson
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Efrain Vidal
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Sigifredo Luna
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Michael M Haley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
- Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Maria Kamenetska
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Division of Material Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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2
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Yang ZX, Albalawi S, Zhao S, Li YG, Zhang H, Zou YL, Hou S, Chen LC, Shi J, Yang Y, Wu Q, Lambert C, Hong W. Single-Molecule Cross-Plane Conductance of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402095. [PMID: 38943462 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
In the cross-plane single-molecule junctions, the correlation between molecular aromaticity and conductance remained puzzling. Cross-plane break junction (XPBJ) provides new insight into understanding the role of aromaticity and conjugation to molecules on charge transport through the planar molecules. In this work, we investigated the modulation of cross-plane charge transport in pyrene derivatives by hydrogenation and substituents based on the XPBJ method that differs from those used in-plane transport. We measured the electrical conductance of the hydrogenated derivatives of the pyrenes and found that hydrogenation reduces conductance, and the fully hydrogenated molecule has the lowest conductance. Conductance of pyrene derivatives increased after substitution by both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups. By calculating, the trend in decreased conductance of hydrogenated pyrene was found to be consistent with the change in aromaticity. Electron-withdrawing substituents reduce the aromaticity of the molecule and narrow the HOMO-LUMO gap, while electron-donating groups increase the aromaticity but also narrow the gap. Our work reveals the potential of fine-tuning the structure of the pyrene molecule to control the cross-plane charge transport through the single-molecule junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Shadiah Albalawi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ling Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Songjun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Li-Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, P. R. China
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3
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Miyashita T, He S, Jaimes P, Kaledin AL, Fumanal M, Lian T, Lee Tang M. Oligoyne bridges enable strong through-bond coupling and efficient triplet transfer from CdSe QD trap excitons for photon upconversion. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:094707. [PMID: 39234973 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyyne bridges have attracted extensive interest as molecular wires due to their shallow distance dependence during charge transfer. Here, we investigate whether triplet energy transfer from cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) to anthracene acceptors benefits from the high conductance associated with polyyne bridges, especially from the potential cumulene character in their excited states. Introducing π-electron rich oligoyne bridges between the surface-bound anthracene-based transmitter ligands, we explore the triplet energy transfer rate between the CdSe QDs and anthracene core. Our femtosecond transient absorption results reveal that a rate constant damping coefficient of β is 0.118 ± 0.011 Å-1, attributed to a through-bond coupling mechanism facilitated by conjugation among the anthracene core, the oligoyne bridges, and the COO⊖ anchoring group. In addition, oligoyne bridges lower the T1 energy level of the anthracene-based transmitters, enabling efficient triplet energy transfer from trapped excitons in CdSe QDs. Density-functional theory calculations suggest a slight cumulene character in these oligoyne bridges during triplet energy transfer, with diminished bond length alternation. This work demonstrates the potential of oligoyne bridges in mediating long-distance energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsumugi Miyashita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Paulina Jaimes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - Alexey L Kaledin
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
- The Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Maria Fumanal
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and IQTCUB, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Ming Lee Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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4
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Sil A, Hamilton L, Morris JMF, Daaoub AHS, Burrows JHH, Robertson CM, Luzyanin K, Higgins SJ, Sadeghi H, Nichols RJ, Sangtarash S, Vezzoli A. Zero-Bias Anti-Ohmic Behaviour in Diradicaloid Molecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410304. [PMID: 39003723 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Open-shell materials bearing multiple spin centres provide a key route to efficient charge transport in single-molecule electronic devices. They have narrow energy gaps, and their molecular orbitals align closely to the Fermi level of the metallic electrodes, thus allowing efficient electronic transport and higher conductance. Maintaining and stabilising multiple open-shell states-especially in contact with metallic electrodes-is however very challenging, generally requiring a continuous chemical or electrochemical potential to avoid self-immolation of the open-shell character. To overcome this issue, we designed, synthesised, and measured the conductance of a series of bis(indeno) fused acenes, where stability is imparted by a close-shell quinoidal conformation in resonance with the diradical electronic configuration. We show here that these compounds have anti-ohmic behaviour, with conductance increasing with increasing molecular length, at an unprecedented rate and across the entire bias window (± 1 . 3 V ${\pm 1.3\ V}$ ). Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations support our findings, showing the rapidly narrowing HOMO-LUMO gap, unique to these diradicaloid structures, is responsible for the observed behaviour. Our results provide a framework for achieving efficient transport in neutral compounds and demonstrate the promise that diradicaloid materials have in single-molecule electronics, owing to their great stability and unique electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Lewis Hamilton
- Device Modelling Group, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James M F Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Abdalghani H S Daaoub
- Device Modelling Group, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - James H H Burrows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Craig M Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Konstantin Luzyanin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Simon J Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Device Modelling Group, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Device Modelling Group, School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Vezzoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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5
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Zhou Z, Johnson MA, Wei Z, Bühringer MU, Garner MH, Tykwinski R, Petrukhina MA. Bending a Cumulene with Electrons: Stepwise Chemical Reduction and Structural Study of a Tetraaryl[4]Cumulene. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304145. [PMID: 38433113 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Chemical reduction of a [4]cumulene with cesium metal was explored, and the structural changes stemming from electron acquisition are detailed using X-ray crystallography. It is found that the [4]cumulene undergoes dramatic geometric changes upon stepwise reduction, including bending of the cumulenic core and twisting of the endgroups from orthogonal to planar. The structural deformation is consistent with early theoretical reports that suggest that the twisting should occur upon reduction of both even and odd [n]cumulenes. The current results, on the other hand, are inconsistent with a previous experimental study of a [3]cumulene in which the predicted twisting is not observed upon reduction. DFT calculations reveal that the barrier to deformation is an order of magnitude lower in a [3]cumulene than a [4]cumulene, allowing the barrier to be overcome in the solid-state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY-12222, USA
| | - Matthew A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB-T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY-12222, USA
| | - Martina U Bühringer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc H Garner
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rik Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB-T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY-12222, USA
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6
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Cossaboon TA, Kazmi S, Tineo M, Hoy EP. Assessing the importance of multireference correlation in predicting reversed conductance decay. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6696-6707. [PMID: 38321937 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01110k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
In a classical electronic resistor, conductance decays as the device length increases according to Ohm's Law. While most molecular series display a comparable exponential decay in conductance with increasing molecular length, a class of single-molecule device series exists where conductance instead increases with molecular/device length, a phenomenon called reversed conductance decay. While reversals of conductance decay have been repeatedly theoretically predicted, they have been far more difficult to demonstrate experimentally. Previous studies have suggested that theoretical multi-reference(static) correlation errors may be a major cause of this discrepancy, yet most single-molecule transport methods are unable to treat multireference correlation. Using our unique multireference transport method based on non-equilibrium Green's function and multiconfigurational pair-density functional theory (NEGF-MCPDFT), we examined a previously predicted case of reversed conductance decay in systems of linear chains of phenyl rings with varying lengths and electrode designs. We compare our NEGF-MCPDFT results to those of non-multireference NEGF methods to quantify the exact role of static correlation in conductance decay reversals and clarify their relative importance to geometric and electrode design/coupling considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner A Cossaboon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Samir Kazmi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Matthew Tineo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Erik P Hoy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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7
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Deng JR, González MT, Zhu H, Anderson HL, Leary E. Ballistic Conductance through Porphyrin Nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3651-3659. [PMID: 38301131 PMCID: PMC10870699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The search for long molecular wires that can transport charge with maximum efficiency over many nanometers has driven molecular electronics since its inception. Single-molecule conductance normally decays with length and is typically far below the theoretical limit of G0 (77.5 μS). Here, we measure the conductances of a family of edge-fused porphyrin ribbons (lengths 1-7 nm) that display remarkable behavior. The low-bias conductance is high across the whole series. Charging the molecules in situ results in a dramatic realignment of the frontier orbitals, increasing the conductance to 1 G0 (corresponding to a current of 20 μA). This behavior is most pronounced in the longer molecules due to their smaller HOMO-LUMO gaps. The conductance-voltage traces frequently exhibit peaks at zero bias, showing that a molecular energy level is in resonance with the Fermi level. This work lays the foundations for long, perfectly transmissive, molecular wires with technological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ren Deng
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - M. Teresa González
- Fundación
IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle
Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - He Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Edmund Leary
- Fundación
IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle
Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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8
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Marongiu M, Ha T, Gil-Guerrero S, Garg K, Mandado M, Melle-Franco M, Diez-Perez I, Mateo-Alonso A. Molecular Graphene Nanoribbon Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3963-3973. [PMID: 38305745 PMCID: PMC10870704 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
One of the challenges for the realization of molecular electronics is the design of nanoscale molecular wires displaying long-range charge transport. Graphene nanoribbons are an attractive platform for the development of molecular wires with long-range conductance owing to their unique electrical properties. Despite their potential, the charge transport properties of single nanoribbons remain underexplored. Herein, we report a synthetic approach to prepare N-doped pyrene-pyrazinoquinoxaline molecular graphene nanoribbons terminated with diamino anchoring groups at each end. These terminal groups allow for the formation of stable molecular graphene nanoribbon junctions between two metal electrodes that were investigated by scanning tunneling microscope-based break-junction measurements. The experimental and computational results provide evidence of long-range tunneling charge transport in these systems characterized by a shallow conductance length dependence and electron tunneling through >6 nm molecular backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Marongiu
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Tracy Ha
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Gil-Guerrero
- CICECO—Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kavita Garg
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Mandado
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- CICECO—Aveiro
Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, SE1 1DB London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurelio Mateo-Alonso
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida de Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque
Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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9
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Li L, Prindle CR, Shi W, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Radical Single-Molecule Junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18182-18204. [PMID: 37555594 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Radicals are unique molecular systems for applications in electronic devices due to their open-shell electronic structures. Radicals can function as good electrical conductors and switches in molecular circuits while also holding great promise in the field of molecular spintronics. However, it is both challenging to create stable, persistent radicals and to understand their properties in molecular junctions. The goal of this Perspective is to address this dual challenge by providing design principles for the synthesis of stable radicals relevant to molecular junctions, as well as offering current insight into the electronic properties of radicals in single-molecule devices. By exploring both the chemical and physical properties of established radical systems, we will facilitate increased exploration and development of radical-based molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Claudia R Prindle
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Wanzhuo Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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10
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Lu H, Azizi A, Mi XP, Wenjing Y, Peng Y, Xu T, Früchtl H, van Mourik T, Kirk SR, Jenkins S. Scoring molecular wires subject to an ultrafast laser pulse for molecular electronic devices. J Comput Chem 2023. [PMID: 37133985 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A nonionizing ultrafast laser pulse of 20-fs duration with a peak amplitude electric-field ±E = 200 × 10-4 a.u. was simulated. It was applied to the ethene molecule to consider its effect on the electron dynamics, both during the application of the laser pulse and for up to 100 fs after the pulse was switched off. Four laser pulse frequencies ω = 0.2692, 0.2808, 0.2830, and 0.2900 a.u. were chosen to correspond to excitation energies mid-way between the (S1 ,S2 ), (S2 ,S3 ), (S3 ,S4 ) and (S4 ,S5 ) electronic states, respectively. Scalar quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) was used to quantify the shifts of the C1C2 bond critical points (BCPs). Depending on the frequencies ω selected, the C1C2 BCP shifts were up to 5.8 times higher after the pulse was switched off compared with a static E-field with the same magnitude. Next generation QTAIM (NG-QTAIM) was used to visualize and quantify the directional chemical character. In particular, polarization effects and bond strengths, in the form of bond-rigidity vs. bond-flexibility, were found, for some laser pulse frequencies, to increase after the laser pulse was switched off. Our analysis demonstrates that NG-QTAIM, in partnership with ultrafast laser irradiation, is useful as a tool in the emerging field of ultrafast electron dynamics, which will be essential for the design, and control of molecular electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Alireza Azizi
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Peng Mi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Wenjing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tianlv Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Herbert Früchtl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Tanja van Mourik
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, Fife, Scotland, UK
| | - Steven R Kirk
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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11
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Mu Y, Yu J, Hu R, Wang CH, Cheng C, Hou BP. Ab initio study revealing remarkable oscillatory effects and negative differential resistance in the molecular device of silicon carbide chains. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13265-13274. [PMID: 36924456 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05677a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the requirements of miniaturization and multifunction of molecular devices, we investigate the quantum transport properties of three unique molecular devices with silicon carbide chains bridging gold electrodes by an ab initio approach. The pronounced quantum effects, including the oscillation of charge, conductance, and current, together with the negative differential resistance (NDR), have been observed simultaneously over a wide region in the double-chain device. It changes the regular situation that these two effects usually emerge in single-chain systems at the same time. Inspections of the visible differences in the transport behaviors relevant to length and bias between the three devices further evidence that the interchain interaction and molecule-electrode coupling are decisive factors for achieving the quantum effects of oscillation and NDR. These two factors can improve electronic transport capability through enhancing transmission, strengthening the delocalization of frontier molecular orbitals, and reducing potential barriers. Our results not only lay a solid foundation for the application of silicon carbide chains in the miniaturized and multifunctional molecular devices with good performance, but also provide an efficient way to the continuing search for materials with multiple controllable quantum effects in nanoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Rui Hu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cui-Hong Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cai Cheng
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bang-Pin Hou
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Li L, Gunasekaran S, Wei Y, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Reversed Conductance Decay of 1D Topological Insulators by Tight-Binding Analysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9703-9710. [PMID: 36219846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reversed conductance decay describes increasing conductance of a molecular chain series with increasing chain length. Realizing reversed conductance decay is an important step toward making long and highly conducting molecular wires. Recent work has shown that one-dimensional topological insulators (1D TIs) can exhibit reversed conductance decay due to their nontrivial edge states. The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model for 1D TIs relates to the electronic structure of these isolated molecules but not their electron transport properties as single-molecule junctions. Herein, we use a tight-binding approach to demonstrate that polyacetylene and other diradicaloid 1D TIs show a reversed conductance decay at the short chain limit. We explain these conductance trends by analyzing the impact of the edge states in these 1D systems on the single-molecule junction transmission. Additionally, we discuss how the self-energy from the electrode-molecule coupling and the on-site energy of the edge sites can be tuned to create longer wires with reversed conductance decays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York10027, United States
| | - Suman Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York14853, United States
| | - Yujing Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York10027, United States
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13
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Feng A, Hou S, Yan J, Wu Q, Tang Y, Yang Y, Shi J, Xiao ZY, Lambert CJ, Zheng N, Hong W. Conductance Growth of Single-Cluster Junctions with Increasing Sizes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15680-15688. [PMID: 35984293 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quantum-tunneling-based nanoelectronics has the potential for the miniaturization of electronics toward the sub-5 nm scale. However, the nature of phase-coherent quantum tunneling leads to the rapid decays of the electrical conductance with tunneling transport distance, especially in organic molecule-based nanodevices. In this work, we investigated the conductance of the single-cluster junctions of a series of atomically well-defined silver nanoclusters, with varying sizes from 0.9 to 3.0 nm, using the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique combined with quantum transport theory. Our charge transport investigations of these single-cluster junctions revealed that the conductance grows with increasing cluster size. The conductance decay constant was determined to be ∼-0.4 nm-1, which is of opposite sign to that of organic molecules. Comparison between experiment and theory reveals that although charge transport through the silver single-cluster junctions occurs via phase-coherent tunneling, this is compensated by a rapid decrease in the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO gap) with size and the increase in the electrode-cluster coupling, which results in their conductance increase up to lengths of ∼3.0 nm. These results demonstrate that such families of nanoclusters provide unique bottom-up building blocks for the fabrication of nanodevices in the sub-5 nm size range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Songjun Hou
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Juanzhu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Yongxiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Zong-Yuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
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14
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Li L, Low JZ, Wilhelm J, Liao G, Gunasekaran S, Prindle CR, Starr RL, Golze D, Nuckolls C, Steigerwald ML, Evers F, Campos LM, Yin X, Venkataraman L. Highly conducting single-molecule topological insulators based on mono- and di-radical cations. Nat Chem 2022; 14:1061-1067. [PMID: 35798950 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00978-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule topological insulators are promising candidates as conducting wires over nanometre length scales. A key advantage is their ability to exhibit quasi-metallic transport, in contrast to conjugated molecular wires which typically exhibit a low conductance that decays as the wire length increases. Here, we study a family of oligophenylene-bridged bis(triarylamines) with tunable and stable mono- or di-radicaloid character. These wires can undergo one- and two-electron chemical oxidations to the corresponding mono-cation and di-cation, respectively. We show that the oxidized wires exhibit reversed conductance decay with increasing length, consistent with the expectation for Su-Schrieffer-Heeger-type one-dimensional topological insulators. The 2.6-nm-long di-cation reported here displays a conductance greater than 0.1G0, where G0 is the conductance quantum, a factor of 5,400 greater than the neutral form. The observed conductance-length relationship is similar between the mono-cation and di-cation series. Density functional theory calculations elucidate how the frontier orbitals and delocalization of radicals facilitate the observed non-classical quasi-metallic behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Low
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan Wilhelm
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guanming Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Rachel L Starr
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dorothea Golze
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, König-Bau, Germany
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ferdinand Evers
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Luis M Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China.
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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15
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Xuan M, Schumacher C, Bolm C, Göstl R, Herrmann A. The Mechanochemical Synthesis and Activation of Carbon-Rich π-Conjugated Materials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105497. [PMID: 35048569 PMCID: PMC9259731 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry uses mechanical force to break, form, and manipulate chemical bonds to achieve functional transformations and syntheses. Over the last years, many innovative applications of mechanochemistry have been developed. Specifically for the synthesis and activation of carbon-rich π-conjugated materials, mechanochemistry offers reaction pathways that either are inaccessible with other stimuli, such as light and heat, or improve reaction yields, energy consumption, and substrate scope. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent advances in this research field combining the viewpoints of polymer and trituration mechanochemistry. The highlighted mechanochemical transformations include π-conjugated materials as optical force probes, the force-induced release of small dye molecules, and the mechanochemical synthesis of polyacetylene, carbon allotropes, and other π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Xuan
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Christian Schumacher
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 1Aachen52074Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 50Aachen52056Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 1Aachen52074Germany
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16
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Pecorario S, Scaccabarozzi AD, Fazzi D, Gutiérrez-Fernández E, Vurro V, Maserati L, Jiang M, Losi T, Sun B, Tykwinski RR, Casari CS, Caironi M. Stable and Solution-Processable Cumulenic sp-Carbon Wires: A New Paradigm for Organic Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110468. [PMID: 35178779 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed, large-area, and flexible electronics largely relies on the excellent electronic properties of sp2 -hybridized carbon molecules, either in the form of π-conjugated small molecules and polymers or graphene and carbon nanotubes. Carbon with sp-hybridization, the foundation of the elusive allotrope carbyne, offers vast opportunities for functionalized molecules in the form of linear carbon atomic wires (CAWs), with intriguing and even superior predicted electronic properties. While CAWs represent a vibrant field of research, to date, they have only been applied sparingly to molecular devices. The recent observation of the field-effect in microcrystalline cumulenes suggests their potential applications in solution-processed thin-film transistors but concerns surrounding the stability and electronic performance have precluded developments in this direction. In the present study, ideal field-effect characteristics are demonstrated for solution-processed thin films of tetraphenyl[3]cumulene, the shortest semiconducting CAW. Films are deposited through a scalable, large-area, meniscus-coating technique, providing transistors with hole mobilities in excess of 0.1 cm2 V-1 s-1 , as well as promising operational stability under dark conditions. These results offer a solid foundation for the exploitation of a vast class of molecular semiconductors for organic electronics based on sp-hybridized carbon systems and create a previously unexplored paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pecorario
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
- Department of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Alberto D Scaccabarozzi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Daniele Fazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Via F. Selmi, 2, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | | | - Vito Vurro
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maserati
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Mengting Jiang
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Tommaso Losi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Bozheng Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Carlo S Casari
- Department of Energy, Micro and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory - NanoLab, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milano, 20133, Italy
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17
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Structural and electronic properties of polyyne and cumulene chains with phenylene as central aromatic group: a density functional theory study. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Johnson MA, Martin M, Cocq K, Ferguson M, Jux N, Tykwinski RR. Acylation of Hexaphenylbenzene for the Synthesis of [5]Cumulenes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Max Martin
- FAU Erlangen Nuremberg: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Kévin Cocq
- University of Alberta Department of Chemistry CANADA
| | | | - Norbert Jux
- FAU: Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- University of Alberta Department of Chemistry T6G 2G2 Edmonton CANADA
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19
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Balakrishnan A, Vijayakumar S. Highly delocalised molecular orbitals in boron-, carbon- and nitrogen-based linear chains: a DFT study. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.2020923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Vijayakumar
- Department of Medical Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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20
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Xu W, Leary E, Sangtarash S, Jirasek M, González MT, Christensen KE, Abellán Vicente L, Agraït N, Higgins SJ, Nichols RJ, Lambert CJ, Anderson HL. A Peierls Transition in Long Polymethine Molecular Wires: Evolution of Molecular Geometry and Single-Molecule Conductance. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20472-20481. [PMID: 34817985 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecules capable of mediating charge transport over several nanometers with minimal decay in conductance have fundamental and technological implications. Polymethine cyanine dyes are fascinating molecular wires because up to a critical length, they have no bond-length alternation (BLA) and their electronic structure resembles a one-dimensional free-electron gas. Beyond this threshold, they undergo a symmetry-breaking Peierls transition, which increases the HOMO-LUMO gap. We have investigated cationic cyanines with central polymethine chains of 5-13 carbon atoms (Cy3+-Cy11+). The absorption spectra and crystal structures show that symmetry breaking is sensitive to the polarity of the medium and the size of the counterion. X-ray crystallography reveals that Cy9·PF6 and Cy11·B(C6F5)4 are Peierls distorted, with high BLA at one end of the π-system, away from the partially delocalized positive charge. This pattern of BLA distribution resembles that of solitons in polyacetylene. The single-molecule conductance is essentially independent of molecular length for the polymethine salts of Cy3+-Cy11+ with the large B(C6F5)4- counterion, but with the PF6- counterion, the conductance decreases for the longer molecules, Cy7+-Cy11+, because this smaller anion polarizes the π-system, inducing a symmetry-breaking transition. At higher bias (0.9 V), the conductance of the shorter chains, Cy3+-Cy7+, increases with length (negative attenuation factor, β = -1.6 nm-1), but the conductance still drops in Cy9+ and Cy11+ with the small polarizing PF6- counteranion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund Leary
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Jirasek
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - M Teresa González
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Kirsten E Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Abellán Vicente
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás Agraït
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, IFIMAC and Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Simon J Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, Donnan and Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Nichols
- Department of Chemistry, Donnan and Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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21
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Li S, Yu H, Li J, Angello N, Jira ER, Li B, Burke MD, Moore JS, Schroeder CM. Transition between Nonresonant and Resonant Charge Transport in Molecular Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:8340-8347. [PMID: 34529446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient long-range charge transport is required for high-performance molecular electronic devices. Resonant transport is thought to occur in single molecule junctions when molecular frontier orbital energy levels align with electrode Fermi levels, thereby enabling efficient transport without molecular or environmental relaxation. Despite recent progress, we lack a systematic understanding of the transition between nonresonant and resonant transport for molecular junctions with different chemical compositions. In this work, we show that molecular junctions undergo a reversible transition from nonresonant tunneling to resonant transport as a function of applied bias. Transient bias-switching experiments show that the nonresonant to resonant transition is reversible with the applied bias. We determine a general quantitative relationship that describes the transition voltage as a function of the molecular frontier orbital energies and electrode Fermi levels. Overall, this work highlights the importance of frontier orbital energy alignment in achieving efficient charge transport in molecular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songsong Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jialing Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nicholas Angello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Edward R Jira
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martin D Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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22
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Balakrishnan A, Shankar R, Vijayakumar S. Polyyne-metal complexes for use in molecular wire applications: A DFT insight. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Ramos-Berdullas N, Gil-Guerrero S, Peña-Gallego Á, Mandado M. The effect of spin polarization on the electron transport of molecular wires with diradical character. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4777-4783. [PMID: 33599227 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06321e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Some of the most promising materials for application in molecular electronics and spintronics are based on diradical chains. Herein, the proposed relation between increasing conductance with length and diradical character is revisited using ab initio methods that account for the static electron correlation effects. Electron transmission was previously obtained from restricted single determinant wavefuntions or tight-binding approximations, which are unable to account for static correlation. Broken Symmetry Unrestricted Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory (BS-UKS-DFT) in combination with electron transport analysis based on electron deformation orbitals (EDOs) reflects an exponential decay of the electrical conductance with length. Also, other important effects such as quantum interference are correctly accounted for, leading to a decrease of the conductance as the diradical character increases. As a proof-of-concept, the electrical conductance obtained from BS-UKS-DFT and CASSCF(2,2) wavefunctions were compared in diradical graphene strips in the frame of the pseudo-π approach, obtaining very similar results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ramos-Berdullas
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
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24
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Almughathawi R, Hou S, Wu Q, Liu Z, Hong W, Lambert C. Conformation and Quantum-Interference-Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Diphenyl Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives. ACS Sens 2021; 6:470-476. [PMID: 33382942 PMCID: PMC8021221 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Manipulating the connectivity of external electrodes to central rings of carbon-based molecules in single molecule junctions is an effective route to tune their thermoelectrical properties. Here we investigate the connectivity dependence of the thermoelectric properties of a series of thiophene-diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivative molecules using density functional theory and tight-binding modeling, combined with quantum transport theory. We find a significant dependence of electrical conductance on the connectivity of the two thiophene rings attached to the DPP core. Interestingly, for connectivities corresponding to constructive quantum interference (CQI), different isomers obtained by rotating the thiophene rings possess the same electrical conductance while those corresponding to destructive quantum interference (DQI) show huge conductance variations upon ring rotation. Furthermore, we find that DQI connectivity leads to enhanced Seebeck coefficients, which can reach 500-700 μV/K. After including the contribution to the thermal conductance from phonons, the full figure of merit (ZT) for the CQI molecules could reach 1.5 at room temperature and it would further increase to 2 when temperature elevates to 400 K. Finally, we demonstrate that doping with tetracyanoquinodimethane can change the sign of the Seebeck coefficients by forming a charge-transfer system with the DPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renad Almughathawi
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Songjun Hou
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Zitong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, NEL, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Colin Lambert
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, LA1 4YB Lancaster, United Kingdom
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25
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Functionalized oligoynes: comparison of theoretical parameters with experimental single molecule conductance. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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26
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Tanaka Y, Kato Y, Sugimoto K, Kawano R, Tada T, Fujii S, Kiguchi M, Akita M. Single-molecule junctions of multinuclear organometallic wires: long-range carrier transport brought about by metal-metal interaction. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4338-4344. [PMID: 34163696 PMCID: PMC8179486 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06613c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report multinuclear organometallic molecular wires having (2,5-diethynylthiophene)diyl-Ru(dppe)2 repeating units. Despite the molecular dimensions of 2–4 nm the multinuclear wires show high conductance (up to 10−2 to 10−3G0) at the single-molecule level with small attenuation factors (β) as revealed by STM-break junction measurements. The high performance can be attributed to the efficient energy alignment between the Fermi level of the metal electrodes and the HOMO levels of the multinuclear molecular wires as revealed by DFT–NEGF calculations. Electrochemical and DFT studies reveal that the strong Ru–Ru interaction through the bridging ligands raises the HOMO levels to access the Fermi level, leading to high conductance and small β values. Multinuclear organometallic molecular wires having (diethynylthiophene)diyl-Ru(dppe)2 repeating units show high conductance with small attenuation factors. The strong Ru–Ru interaction is the key for the long-range carrier transport.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Yuya Kato
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Kaho Sugimoto
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Reo Kawano
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Tomofumi Tada
- Kyushu University Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shintaro Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Manabu Kiguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan .,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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27
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Zang Y, Fu T, Zou Q, Ng F, Li H, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. Cumulene Wires Display Increasing Conductance with Increasing Length. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:8415-8419. [PMID: 33095021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional sp-hybridized carbon wires, including cumulenes and polyynes, can be regarded as finite versions of carbynes. They are likely to be good candidates for molecular-scale conducting wires as they are predicted to have a high-conductance. In this study, we first characterize the single-molecule conductance of a series of cumulenes and polyynes with a backbone ranging in length from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, including [7]cumulene, the longest cumulenic carbon wire studied to date for molecular electronics. We observe different length dependence of conductance when comparing these two forms of carbon wires. Polyynes exhibit conductance decays with increasing molecular length, while cumulenes show a conductance increase with increasing molecular length. Their distinct conducting behaviors are attributed to their different bond length alternation, which is supported by theoretical calculations. This study confirms the long-standing theoretical predictions on sp-hybridized carbon wires and demonstrates that cumulenes can form highly conducting molecular wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Tianren Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Qi Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Fay Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Hexing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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28
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Azizi A, Momen R, Früchtl H, van Mourik T, Kirk SR, Jenkins S. Next-generation QTAIM for scoring molecular wires in E-fields for molecular electronic devices. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:913-921. [PMID: 31880358 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a varying, directional E x , E y , and E z electric field on the ethene molecule was investigated using next-generation quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Despite using low E-field strengths that are within the realm of experiment and do not measurably alter the molecular geometry, significant changes to the QTAIM properties were observed. Using conventional QTAIM, the shifting of the C─C and C─H bond critical points (BCPs) demonstrates polarization through an interchange in the size of the atoms involved in a bond, since a BCP is located on the boundary between a pair of bonded atoms. Next-generation QTAIM, however, demonstrates the polarization effect more directly with a change in morphology of the 3-D envelope around the BCP. Modest increases of ≈ 2% in the ellipticity ε of the BCP were uncovered when the C─C bond was aligned parallel or anti-parallel to the applied E x -field. Significant asymmetries were found in the response of the next-generation QTAIM 3-D paths of the C─H bonds to the applied E-field. When the E-field coincided with the C─C bond, the BCP moved in response and was accompanied by the envelope constructed from 3-D next-generation paths. The response displayed a polarization effect that increased with increasing magnitude of the E x -field parallel and anti-parallel to the C─C bond. Our analysis demonstrates that next-generation QTAIM is a useful tool for understanding the response of molecules to E-fields, for example, for the screening of molecular wires for the design of molecular electronic devices. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Azizi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Roya Momen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Herbert Früchtl
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Tanja van Mourik
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Saint Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK
| | - Steven R Kirk
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Samantha Jenkins
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Resource National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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29
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Scaccabarozzi A, Milani A, Peggiani S, Pecorario S, Sun B, Tykwinski RR, Caironi M, Casari CS. A Field-Effect Transistor Based on Cumulenic sp-Carbon Atomic Wires. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1970-1974. [PMID: 32067464 PMCID: PMC7065831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbyne and linear carbon structures based on sp-hybridization are attractive targets as the ultimate one-dimensional system (i.e., one-atom in diameter) featuring wide tunability of optical and electronic properties. Two possible structures exist for sp-carbon atomic wires: (a) the polyynes with alternated single-triple bonds and (b) the cumulenes with contiguous double bonds. Theoretical studies predict semiconducting behavior for polyynes, while cumulenes are expected to be metallic. Very limited experimental work, however, has been directed toward investigating the electronic properties of these structures, mostly at the single-molecule or monolayer level. However, sp-carbon atomic wires hold great potential for solution-processed thin-film electronics, an avenue not exploited to date. Herein, we report the first field-effect transistor (FET) fabricated employing cumulenic sp-carbon atomic wires as a semiconductor material. Our proof-of-concept FET device is easily fabricated by solution drop casting and paves the way for exploiting sp-carbon atomic wires as active electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto
D. Scaccabarozzi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Alberto Milani
- Micro
and Nanostructured Materials Lab NanoLab, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Sonia Peggiani
- Micro
and Nanostructured Materials Lab NanoLab, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Pecorario
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
- Micro
and Nanostructured Materials Lab NanoLab, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Bozheng Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center
for Nano Science and Technology@PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, Milan 20133, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Carlo S. Casari
- Micro
and Nanostructured Materials Lab NanoLab, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- E-mail:
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30
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Jiang F, Trupp DI, Algethami N, Zheng H, He W, Alqorashi A, Zhu C, Tang C, Li R, Liu J, Sadeghi H, Shi J, Davidson R, Korb M, Sobolev AN, Naher M, Sangtarash S, Low PJ, Hong W, Lambert CJ. Turning the Tap: Conformational Control of Quantum Interference to Modulate Single‐Molecule Conductance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Douglas I. Trupp
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Norah Algethami
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Haining Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Wenxiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Afaf Alqorashi
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Chenxu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Present address: School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ross Davidson
- Department of Chemistry Durham University Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Sobolev
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Masnun Naher
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Present address: School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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31
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Jiang F, Trupp DI, Algethami N, Zheng H, He W, Alqorashi A, Zhu C, Tang C, Li R, Liu J, Sadeghi H, Shi J, Davidson R, Korb M, Sobolev AN, Naher M, Sangtarash S, Low PJ, Hong W, Lambert CJ. Turning the Tap: Conformational Control of Quantum Interference to Modulate Single‐Molecule Conductance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18987-18993. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Douglas I. Trupp
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Norah Algethami
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Haining Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Wenxiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Afaf Alqorashi
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Chenxu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Chun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ruihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Junyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Present address: School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Jia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Ross Davidson
- Department of Chemistry Durham University Durham DH1 3LE UK
| | - Marcus Korb
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Sobolev
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Masnun Naher
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Sara Sangtarash
- Department of Physics Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Present address: School of Engineering University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Paul J. Low
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
| | - Wenjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iChEM Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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32
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Ardila‐Fierro KJ, Bolm C, Hernández JG. Mechanosynthesis of Odd-Numbered Tetraaryl[n]cumulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12945-12949. [PMID: 31265746 PMCID: PMC6773223 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A mechanochemical synthesis of one-dimensional carbon allotrope carbyne model compounds, namely tetraaryl[n]cumulenes (n=3, 5) was realized. Central for the mechanosynthesis of the cumulenic carbon nanostructures were the development of a mechanochemical Favorskii alkynylation-type reaction and the implementation of a solvent-free, acid-free reductive elimination with tin(II) chloride by ball milling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
| | - José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074AachenGermany
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33
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Ardila‐Fierro KJ, Bolm C, Hernández JG. Mechanosynthesis of Odd‐Numbered Tetraaryl[
n
]cumulenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - José G. Hernández
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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34
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Xu W, Leary E, Hou S, Sangtarash S, González MT, Rubio‐Bollinger G, Wu Q, Sadeghi H, Tejerina L, Christensen KE, Agraït N, Higgins SJ, Lambert CJ, Nichols RJ, Anderson HL. Unusual Length Dependence of the Conductance in Cumulene Molecular Wires. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8378-8382. [PMID: 31026371 PMCID: PMC6563095 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Cumulenes are sometimes described as "metallic" because an infinitely long cumulene would have the band structure of a metal. Herein, we report the single-molecule conductance of a series of cumulenes and cumulene analogues, where the number of consecutive C=C bonds in the core is n=1, 2, 3, and 5. The [n]cumulenes with n=3 and 5 have almost the same conductance, and they are both more conductive than the alkene (n=1). This is remarkable because molecular conductance normally falls exponentially with length. The conductance of the allene (n=2) is much lower, because of its twisted geometry. Computational simulations predict a similar trend to the experimental results and indicate that the low conductance of the allene is a general feature of [n]cumulenes where n is even. The lack of length dependence in the conductance of [3] and [5]cumulenes is attributed to the strong decrease in the HOMO-LUMO gap with increasing length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Edmund Leary
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 3BXUK
| | - Songjun Hou
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | | | - M. Teresa González
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
| | - Gabino Rubio‐Bollinger
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | - Hatef Sadeghi
- Department of PhysicsLancaster UniversityLancasterLA1 4YWUK
| | - Lara Tejerina
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Nicolás Agraït
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)Calle Faraday 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaIFIMAC and Instituto “Nicolás Cabrera”Universidad Autónoma de Madrid28049MadridSpain
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
| | | | - Richard J. Nichols
- Department of ChemistryDonnan and Robert Robinson LaboratoriesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
- Surface Science Research CentreUniversity of LiverpoolOxford StreetLiverpoolL69 3BXUK
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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