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Gao H, Zhang T, Lei Y, Jiao D, Yu B, Yuan WZ, Ji J, Jin Q, Ding D. An Organophosphorescence Probe with Ultralong Lifetime and Intrinsic Tissue Selectivity for Specific Tumor Imaging and Guided Tumor Surgery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406651. [PMID: 38781352 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Organic phosphorescent materials are excellent candidates for use in tumor imaging. However, a systematic comparison of the effects of the intensity, lifetime, and wavelength of phosphorescent emissions on bioimaging performance has not yet been undertaken. In addition, there have been few reports on organic phosphorescent materials that specifically distinguish tumors from normal tissues. This study addresses these gaps and reveals that longer lifetimes effectively increase the signal intensity, whereas longer wavelengths enhance the penetration depth. Conversely, a strong emission intensity with a short lifetime does not necessarily yield robust imaging signals. Building upon these findings, an organo-phosphorescent material with a lifetime of 0.94 s was designed for tumor imaging. Remarkably, the phosphorescent signals of various organic nanoparticles are nearly extinguished in blood-rich organs because of the quenching effect of iron ions. Moreover, for the first time, we demonstrated that iron ions universally quench the phosphorescence of organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials, which is an inherent property of such substances. Leveraging this property, both the normal liver and hepatitis tissues exhibit negligible phosphorescent signals, whereas liver tumors display intense phosphorescence. Therefore, phosphorescent materials, unlike chemiluminescent or fluorescent materials, can exploit this unique inherent property to selectively distinguish liver tumor tissues from normal tissues without additional modifications or treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqi Gao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Engineering & Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yunxiang Lei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China
| | - Di Jiao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Engineering & Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Dan Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Engineering & Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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2
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Shen X, Wu W, Yang C. Recent Progress in Solid-State Room Temperature Afterglow Based on Pure Organic Small Molecules. Molecules 2024; 29:3236. [PMID: 38999187 PMCID: PMC11243238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic room temperature afterglow (ORTA) can be categorized into two key mechanisms: continuous thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), both of which involve a triplet excited state. However, triplet excited states are easily quenched by non-radiative transitions due to oxygen and molecular vibrations. Solid-phase systems provide a conducive environment for triplet excitons due to constrained molecular motion and limited oxygen permeation within closely packed molecules. The stimulated triplet state tends to release energy through radiative transitions. Despite numerous reports on RTP in solid-phase systems in recent years, the complexity of these systems precludes the formulation of a universal theory to elucidate the underlying principles. Several strategies for achieving ORTA luminescence in the solid phase have been developed, encompassing crystallization, polymer host-guest doping, and small molecule host-guest doping. Many of these systems exhibit luminescent responses to various physical stimuli, including light stimulation, mechanical stimuli, and solvent vapor exposure. The appearance of these intriguing luminescent phenomena in solid-phase systems underscores their significant potential applications in areas such as light sensing, biological imaging, and information security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wanhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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3
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Zhen J, Long J, Guo X, Wang Q, Zeng X. Tryptophan-Doped Poly(vinyl alcohol) Films with Ultralong-Lifetime Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and Color-Tunable Afterglow Under Ambient Conditions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304137. [PMID: 38253784 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The development of a persistent luminescence system with long-lived phosphorescence and color-tunable afterglow at room temperature represents a challenge, largely due to the intensive non-radiative deactivation pathway. In this study, an ultralong-lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) system has been achieved using a hydrogen-bonding strategy where poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) matrices were doped with tryptophan (Trp) derivatives. The PVA film doped with N-α-(9-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-L-tryptophan (Fmoc-L-Trp) exhibited a long-lived phosphorescence emission of up to 3859.70 ms, and a blue afterglow for a duration greater than 34 s, under ambient conditions. The introduction of two other fluorescent dyes (i. e., Rhodamine B and Basicred14) to the PVA film facilitates adjustment to the color of the afterglow from blue to orange, and pink, by a triplet-to-singlet Förster-resonance energy transfer (TS-FRET) process. These films have been successfully applied in silk-screen printing and in multicolor afterglow light-emitting diode (LED) arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshuang Zhen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Jiangqin Long
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Qiusheng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Xu Zeng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
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Zheng GS, Shen CL, Niu CY, Lou Q, Jiang TC, Li PF, Shi XJ, Song RW, Deng Y, Lv CF, Liu KK, Zang JH, Cheng Z, Dong L, Shan CX. Photooxidation triggered ultralong afterglow in carbon nanodots. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2365. [PMID: 38491012 PMCID: PMC10943204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It remains a challenge to obtain biocompatible afterglow materials with long emission wavelengths, durable lifetimes, and good water solubility. Herein we develop a photooxidation strategy to construct near-infrared afterglow carbon nanodots with an extra-long lifetime of up to 5.9 h, comparable to that of the well-known rare-earth or organic long-persistent luminescent materials. Intriguingly, size-dependent afterglow lifetime evolution from 3.4 to 5.9 h has been observed from the carbon nanodots systems in aqueous solution. With structural/ultrafast dynamics analysis and density functional theory simulations, we reveal that the persistent luminescence in carbon nanodots is activated by a photooxidation-induced dioxetane intermediate, which can slowly release and convert energy into luminous emission via the steric hindrance effect of nanoparticles. With the persistent near-infrared luminescence, tissue penetration depth of 20 mm can be achieved. Thanks to the high signal-to-background ratio, biological safety and cancer-specific targeting ability of carbon nanodots, ultralong-afterglow guided surgery has been successfully performed on mice model to remove tumor tissues accurately, demonstrating potential clinical applications. These results may facilitate the development of long-lasting luminescent materials for precision tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Song Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chun-Yao Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Tian-Ci Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shi
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Run-Wei Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chao-Fan Lv
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Mao Y, Yao X, Yu Z, An Z, Ma H. Ground-State Orbital Descriptors for Accelerated Development of Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318836. [PMID: 38141053 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are in high demand for optoelectronics and bioelectronics. Developing RTP materials highly relies on expert experience and costly excited-state calculations. It is a challenge to find a tool for effectively screening RTP materials. Herein we first establish ground-state orbital descriptors (πFMOs ) derived from the π-electron component of the frontier molecular orbitals to characterize the RTP lifetime (τp ), achieving a balance in screening efficiency and accuracy. Using the πFMOs , a data-driven machine learning model gains a high accuracy in classifying long τp , filtering out 836 candidates with long-lived RTP from a virtual library of 19,295 molecules. With the aid of the excited-state calculations, 287 compounds are predicted with high RTP efficiency. Impressively, experiments further confirm the reliability of this workflow, opening a novel avenue for designing high-performance RTP materials for potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Xiaokang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005 Fujian, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technologies), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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6
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Deng H, Li G, Xie H, Yang Z, Mao Z, Zhao J, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Chi Z. Dynamic Ultra-long Room Temperature Phosphorescence Enabled by Amorphous Molecular "Triplet Exciton Pump" for Encryption with Temporospatial Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317631. [PMID: 38126932 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Organic ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials in the amorphous state have attracted widespread attention due to their simple preparation and flexibility to adopt various forms in sensors, bioimaging, and encryption applications. However, the amorphous molecular host for the host-guest RTP systems is highly demanded but limited. Here, a universal molecular host (DPOBP-Br) has been designed by integration of an amorphous moiety of diphenylphosphine oxide (DPO) and an intersystem crossing (ISC) group of 4-bromo-benzophenone (BP-Br). Various commercial fluorescence dyes were doped into the tight and transparent DPOBP-Br film, respectively, resulting in amorphous host-guest systems with ultra-long RTP colors from green to red. It was found that DPOBP-Br acted as a universal "triplet exciton pump" for promoting the generation of triplet excitons in the guest, through energy transfer processes and external heavy-atom effect based on DPOBP-Br. Interestingly, dynamic RTP was achieved by controlling residual oxygen concentration in the amorphous matrix by UV irradiation. Therefore, multi-dimensional anti-counterfeiting coatings were realized even on curved surfaces, simultaneously exhibiting spatial and 2D-time dependence. This work provides a strategy to design new amorphous molecular hosts for RTP systems and demonstrates the advanced information encryption with tempo-spatial resolution based on the dynamic ultra-long RTP of an amorphous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangjun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gaoyu Li
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haozhi Xie
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Liu J, Song ZP, Wei J, Wu JJ, Wang MZ, Li JG, Ma Y, Li BX, Lu YQ, Zhao Q. Circularly Polarized Organic Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence with A High Dissymmetry Factor in Chiral Helical Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306834. [PMID: 37633310 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of organic materials holds a significant potential for optical information. Circularly polarized organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (CP-OURTP) with extremely high dissymmetry factor (glum ) values is even highly demanded and considerably challenging. Here, an effective strategy is introduced to realize CP-OURTP with an emission decay time of 735 ms and a glum value up to 1.49, which exceeds two orders of magnitude larger than previous records, through a system composed of RTP polymers and chiral helical superstructures. The system exhibits excellent stability under multiple cycles of photoirradiation and thermal treatment, and is further employed for information encryption based on optical multiplexing. The results are anticipated to lay the foundation for the development of CP-OURTP materials in advanced photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhen-Peng Song
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun-Jie Wu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Meng-Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian-Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Xiang Li
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan-Qing Lu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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8
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Yang X, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S, Yu J. Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials: mechanisms, structural regulation strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8005-8058. [PMID: 37880991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Afterglow materials are attracting widespread attention owing to their distinctive and long-lived optical emission properties which create exciting opportunities in various fields. Recent research has led to the discovery of many new afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and lifetimes of up to several hours under ambient conditions. Afterglow materials are typically categorized according to their luminescence mechanism, such as long-persistent luminescence (LPL), room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Through rational design and novel synthetic strategies to modulate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and populate triplet exciton states (T1), luminophores with long lifetimes and bright afterglow characteristics can be realized. Initial research towards afterglow materials focused mainly on pure inorganic materials, many of which possessed inherent disadvantages such as metal toxicity or low energy emissions. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials (OIHAMs) have been developed with high PLQY and long lifetimes. These hybrid materials exploit the tunable structure and easy processing of organic molecules, as well as enhanced SOC and intersystem crossing (ISC) processes involving heavy atom dopants, to achieve excellent afterglow performance. In this review, we begin by briefly discussing the structure and composition of inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including strategies for regulating their lifetime, PLQY and luminescence wavelength. The specific advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including low manufacturing costs, diverse molecular/electronic structures, tunable structures and optical properties, and compatibility with a variety of substrates, are emphasized. Subsequently, we discuss in detail the fundamental mechanisms used by afterglow materials, their classification, design principles, and end applications (including sensing, anticounterfeiting, and photoelectric devices, among others). Finally, existing challenges and promising future directions are discussed, laying a platform for the design of afterglow materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Peng F, Chen Y, Liu H, Chen P, Peng F, Qi H. Color-Tunable, Excitation-Dependent, and Water Stimulus-Responsive Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Cellulose for Versatile Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304032. [PMID: 37501388 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Smart-response materials with ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are highly desirable, but they have rarely been described, especially those originating from sustainable polymers. Herein, a variety of cellulose derivatives with 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) rings are synthesized through the Hantzsch reaction, giving impressive RTP with a long lifetime of up to 1251 ms. Specifically, the introduction of acetoacetyl groups and DHP rings promotes the spin-orbit coupling and intersystem crossing process; and multiple interactions between cellulose induce clustering and inhibit the nonradiative transitions, boosting long-live RTP. Furthermore, the resulting transparent and flexible cellulose films also exhibit excitation-dependent and color-tunable afterglows by introducing different extended aromatic groups. More interestingly, the RTP performance of these films is sensitive to water and can be repeated in response to wet/dry stimuli. Inspired by these advantages, the RTP cellulose demonstrates advanced applications in information encryption and anti-counterfeiting. This work not only enriches the photophysical properties of cellulose but also provides a versatile platform for the development of sustainable afterglows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Hongchen Liu
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Pan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Haisong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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10
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Li J, Yang S, Deng Z, Islam A, Wu S, He J, Ni S, Dang L, Li MD. Uncovering the substituted-position effect on excited-state evolution of benzophenone-phenothiazine dyads. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:144502. [PMID: 37818997 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Photofunctional materials based on donor-acceptor molecules have drawn intense attention due to their unique optical properties. Importantly, Systematic investigation of substitution effects on excited-state charge transfer dynamics of donor-acceptor molecules is a powerful approach for identifying application-relevant design principles. Here, by coupling phenothiazine (PTZ) at the ortho-, meta-, and para-positions of the benzene ring of benzophenone (BP), three regioisomeric BP-PTZ dyads were designed to understand the relationship between substituted positions and excited-state evolution channels. Ultrafast transient absorption is used to detect and trace the transient species and related evolution channels of BP-PTZ dyads at excited state. In a non-polar solvent, BP-o-PTZ undergoes the through-space charge transfer process to produce a singlet charge-transfer (1CT) state, which subsequently proceeds the intersystem crossing process and transforms into a triplet charge-transfer (3CT) state; BP-m-PTZ experiences intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process to generate the 1CT state, which subsequently transforms into the 3CT state by the intersystem crossing (ISC) and finally converts into the local-excited triplet (3LE) state; as for BP-p-PTZ, only 3LE states can be detected after the ISC process from the 1CT state. On the other hand, the twisted ICT states are generated via twisted motion between the donor and acceptor for all BP-PTZ dyads or planarization of the PTZ unit in high polar solvents. The excited-state theoretical calculations unveil that the features of ICT and intramolecular interaction between the three dyads play a decisive role in determining the through-bond charge transfer and through-space charge transfer processes. Also, these results demonstrate that the excited-state evolution channels of PTZ derivatives could be modified by tuning the substituted positions of the donor-acceptor dyads. This study provides a deep perspective for the substitute-position effect on donor-acceptor-type PTZ derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Sirui Yang
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Amjad Islam
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofei Ni
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-De Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People's Republic of China
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Shantou 515031, People's Republic of China
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11
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Harrington K, Hogan DT, Sutherland TC, Stamplecoskie K. Photophysical investigation into room-temperature emission from xanthene derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24829-24837. [PMID: 37671931 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02802j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The photophysical consequences of replacing the nitrogen heteroatom in phenothiazine with methylene are investigated for both solutions and crystalline solids. We analysed the excited state dynamics of four xanthene derivatives and observed an anomalous fluorescence from an energy level higher than the S1 state with lifetimes between 2.8 ns and 5.8 ns in solution and as solids. Additionally, the solid-state xanthene derivatives exhibited long-lived emission consistent with a triplet excited state, displaying millisecond lifetimes that ranged from 0.1 ms to 3.4 ms at ambient temperature in air. Our findings were supported by optical studies, crystallographic structural analyses, and DFT computations, which corroborated the photophysical measurements. It was concluded that the presence of the nitrogen atom in phenothiazine is crucial for achieving ultra-long emission lifetimes and that these results contribute to a deeper understanding of excited state dynamics which have potential implications for applications, such as display technologies, anticounterfeiting technologies, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David T Hogan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T3G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Todd C Sutherland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T3G 1M1, Canada.
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12
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Ma L, Liu Y, Tian H, Ma X. Switching Singlet Exciton to Triplet for Efficient Pure Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence by Rational Molecular Design. JACS AU 2023; 3:1835-1842. [PMID: 37502164 PMCID: PMC10369410 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The design and regulation of phosphors are attractive but challenging because of the spin-forbidden intersystem crossing (ISC) process. Here, a new perspective on the enhancement of the ISC is proposed and demonstrated. Different from current strategies, the ISC yield (ΦISC) is enhanced by decreasing the fluorescence radiative transition rate constant (kF) via rational molecular designing rather than boosting the spin-orbit coupling by decorating the molecular skeleton with a heavy atom, heteroatom, or carbonyl. The kF of the designed molecule in this case is associated with the substituent position of the methoxy group, which alters the distribution of the front orbitals. The S0 → S1 transition of these compounds evolves from a bright state to a dark state gradually with the variation of the substituent position, accompanied by the decrease of kF and increase of ΦISC. The fluorescence emission is switched to phosphorescence emission successfully by regulating the kF. This work provides an alternative strategy to design efficient room-temperature phosphorescence material.
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13
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Fu X, Jin H, Ma Z, Zhang X, Qian C, Li Z, Chi Z, Ma Z. How Matrixes Influence Room Temperature Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence: 4-Dimethylaminopyridine vs Carbazole Derivative. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37327087 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
How matrixes influence room temperature ultralong organic phosphorescence (RTUOP) in the doping systems is a fundamental question. In this study, we construct guest-matrix doping phosphorescence systems by using the derivatives (ISO2N-2, ISO2BCz-1, and ISO2BCz-2) of three phosphorescence units (N-2, BCz-1, and BCz-2) and two matrixes (ISO2Cz and DMAP) and systematically investigate their RTUOP properties. Firstly, the intrinsic phosphorescence properties of three guest molecules were studied in solution, in the pure powder state, and in PMMA film. Then, the guest molecules were doped into the two matrixes with increasing weight ratio. To our surprise, all of the doping systems in DMAP feature a longer lifetime but weaker phosphorescence intensity, while all of the doping systems in ISO2Cz exhibit a shorter lifetime but higher phosphorescence intensity. According to the single-crystal analysis of the two matrixes, resemblant chemical structures of the guests and ISO2Cz enable them to approach each other and interact with each other via a variety of interactions, thus facilitating the occurrence of charge separation (CS) and charge recombination (CR). The HOMO-LUMO energy levels of the guests match well with the ones of ISO2Cz, which also significantly promotes the efficiency of the CS and CR process. To our best knowledge, this work is a systematic study on how matrixes influence the RTUOP of guest-matrix doping systems and may give deep insight into the development of organic phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Fu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huiwen Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zewei Li
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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14
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Wright IA, Etherington MK, Batsanov AS, Monkman AP, Bryce MR. Oxidation State Tuning of Room Temperature Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence in Phenothiazine and Phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide Dimers. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300428. [PMID: 36916635 PMCID: PMC10946842 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Heterocyclic dimers consisting of combinations of butterfly-shaped phenothiazine (PTZ) and its chemically oxidized form phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide (PTZ(SO2 )) have been synthesized. A twist is imposed across the dimers by ortho-substituents including methyl ethers, sulfides and sulfones. X-ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry and optical spectroscopy, underpinned by computational studies, have been employed to study the interplay between the oxidation state, conformational restriction, and emission mechanisms including thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). While the PTZ(SO2 ) dimers are simple fluorophores, the presence of PTZ induces triplet-mediated emission with a mixed PTZ-PTZ(SO2 ) dimer displaying concentration dependent hallmarks of both TADF and RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain A. Wright
- Department of ChemistryDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
- School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Marc K. Etherington
- Department of PhysicsDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityEllison PlaceNewcastle upon TyneNE1 8STUK
| | | | | | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of ChemistryDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
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15
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Wang X, Ma H, Yin J, Shi H, An Z, Huang W. Photoactivated organic phosphorescence by stereo-hindrance engineering for mimicking synaptic plasticity. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:90. [PMID: 37037811 PMCID: PMC10086021 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Purely organic phosphorescent materials with dynamically tunable optical properties and persistent luminescent characteristics enable more novel applications in intelligent optoelectronics. Herein, we reported a concise and universal strategy to achieve photoactivated ultralong phosphorescence at room temperature through stereo-hindrance engineering. Such dynamically photoactivated phosphorescence behavior was ascribed to the suppression of non-radiative transitions and improvement of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) as the variation of the distorted molecular conformation by the synergistic effect of electrostatic repulsion and steric hindrance. This "trainable" phosphorescent behavior was first proposed to mimic biological synaptic plasticity, especially for unique experience-dependent plasticity, by the manipulation of pulse intensity and numbers. This study not only outlines a principle to design newly dynamic phosphorescent materials, but also broadens their utility in intelligent sensors and robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chifeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
- The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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16
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Wang P, Wang Y, Guan W, Dong H, Sui L, Gan Z, Dong L, Yu L. Modulating the afterglow time of Mn 2+ doped double perovskites by size tuning and its applications in dynamic information display. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:10191-10200. [PMID: 37157572 DOI: 10.1364/oe.484244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mn2+ doped lead-free double perovskites are emerging afterglow materials that can avoid the usage of rare earth ions. However, the regulation of the afterglow time is still a challenge. In this work, the Mn doped Cs2Na0.2Ag0.8InCl6 crystals with afterglow emission at about 600 nm are synthesized by a solvothermal method. Then, the Mn2+ doped double perovskite crystals are crushed into different sizes. As the size decreases from 1.7 mm to 0.075 mm, the afterglow time decreases from 2070 s to 196 s. Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) spectra, time resolved PL, thermoluminescence (TL) reveal the afterglow time monotonously decreases due to the enhanced nonradiative surface trapping. The modulation on afterglow time will greatly promote their applications in various fields, such as bioimaging, sensing, encryption, and anti-counterfeiting. As a proof of concept, dynamic display of information is realized based on different afterglow times.
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17
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Bianconi T, Cesaretti A, Mancini P, Montegiove N, Calzoni E, Ekbote A, Misra R, Carlotti B. Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and Cellular Phototoxicity Activated by Triplet Dynamics in Aggregates of Push-Pull Phenothiazine-Based Isomers. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1385-1398. [PMID: 36735941 PMCID: PMC9940226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report a comprehensive time-resolved spectroscopic investigation of the excited-state deactivation mechanism in three push-pull isomers characterized by a phenothiazine electron donor, a benzothiazole electron acceptor, and a phenyl π-bridge where the connection is realized at the relative ortho, meta, and para positions. Spin-orbit charge-transfer-induced intersystem crossing takes place with high yield in these all-organic donor-acceptor compounds, leading also to efficient production of singlet oxygen. Our spectroscopic results give clear evidence of room-temperature phosphorescence not only in solid-state host-guest matrices but also in highly biocompatible aggregates of these isomers produced in water dispersions, as rarely reported in the literature. Moreover, aggregates of the isomers could be internalized by lung cancer and melanoma cells and display bright luminescence without any dark cytotoxic effect. On the other hand, the isomers showed significant cellular phototoxicity against the tumor cells due to light-induced reactive oxygen species generation. Our findings strongly suggest that nanoaggregates of the investigated isomers are promising candidates for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Bianconi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessio Cesaretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Pietro Mancini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Nicolò Montegiove
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Calzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Anupama Ekbote
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Benedetta Carlotti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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18
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Huang S, Shan G, Qin C, Liu S. Polymerization-Enhanced Photophysical Performances of AIEgens for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010078. [PMID: 36615271 PMCID: PMC9822127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIE polymers have been extensively researched in the fields of OLEDs, sensing, and cancer treatment since its first report in 2003, which have achieved numerous breakthroughs during the years. In comparison with small molecules, it can simultaneously combine the unique advantages of AIE materials and the polymer itself, to further enhance their corresponding photophysical performances. In this review, we enumerate and discuss the common construction strategies of AIE-active polymers and summarize the progress of research on polymerization enhancing luminescence, photosensitization, and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with their related applications in chemo/bio-sensing and therapy. To conclude, we also discuss current challenges and prospects of the field for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Huang
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Guogang Shan
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Chao Qin
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Shunjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (C.Q.); (S.L.)
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Shi H, Yao W, Ye W, Ma H, Huang W, An Z. Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence: From Material Design to Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:3445-3459. [PMID: 36368944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Organic phosphorescence is defined as a radiative transition between the different spin multiplicities of an organic molecule after excitation; here, we refer to the photoexcitation. Unlike fluorescence, it shows a long emission lifetime (∼μs), large Stokes shift, and rich excited state properties, attracting considerable attention in organic electronics during the past years. Ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP), a type of persistent luminescence in organic phosphors, shows an emission lifetime of over 100 ms normally according to the resolution limit of the naked eye. According to the Jablonski energy diagram, two prerequisites are necessary for UOP generation and enhancement. One is to promote intersystem crossing (ISC) of the excitons from the excited singlet to triplet states by enhancing the spin-orbit coupling (SOC); the other is to suppress the nonradiative transitions of the excitons from the excited triplet states.In this Account, we will give a summary of our research on ultralong organic phosphorescence, including the design of materials, manipulation of properties, fabrication of nano/microstructures, and function applications. First, we give a brief introduction to the UOP development. Then, we discuss the constructed methods of UOP materials from the inter/intramolecular interaction types, including π-π interactions, intermolecular hydrogen bonds, halogen bonds, ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and so on. These effective interactions can build a rigid environment to restrain the nonradiative transitions from the molecular motions or external quenching by oxygen, moisture, or heat, and thus enhance the UOP performance. Next, the manipulation of UOP properties, containing excitation wavelength, emission colors, lifetimes, and quantum efficiency (QE), through molecular or crystal engineering will be summarized. Recently, the excitation wavelengths of the materials for UOP can be regulated in different regions, such as UV, visible light, and X-ray; the emission colors of UOP can cover the whole visible-light region, from deep blue to red; the phosphorescence lifetime of UOP materials can reach 2.5 s, and the quantum efficiency can be achieved up to 96.5%. Moreover, we will present the fabrication of micro/nanoscale UOP materials, including the preparation of micro/nanostructure, optical performance, and device fabrication. Afterward, we will review the potential applications of UOP materials in organic/bio-optoelectronics, such as information encryption, bioimaging, sensing, afterglow display, etc. Finally, an outlook on the development of UOP materials and applications will be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Wenpeng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an710072, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing211816, China
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Li Y, Baryshnikov GV, Siddique F, Wei P, Wu H, Yi T. Vibration‐Regulated Multi‐State Long‐Lived Emission from Star‐Shaped Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213051. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Glib V. Baryshnikov
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Farhan Siddique
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Linköping University 60174 Norrköping Sweden
| | - Peng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Tao Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China
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21
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A new mode of luminescence in lanthanide oxalates metal–organic frameworks. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18812. [PMID: 36335280 PMCID: PMC9637143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two lanthanide metal–organic frameworks [Ln-MOFs, Ln = Eu(III), Tb(III)] composed of oxalic acid and Ln building units were hydrothermally synthesized and fully characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Furthermore, their magnetic susceptibility measurements were obtained using SQUID based vibrating sample magnetometer (MPMS 3, Quantum Design). Both Ln-MOFs exhibited highly efficient luminescent property. Solid-state photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed phosphorescence emission bands of Eu-MOF and Tb-MOF centered at 618 nm (red emission) and 550 nm (green emission) upon excitation at 396 nm and 285 nm, respectively. Eu-MOF and Tb-MOF displayed a phosphorescence quantum yield of 53% and 40%, respectively. Time-resolved PL analyses showed very long lifetime values, at 600 and 1065 ± 1 µs for Eu-MOF and Tb-MOF, respectively. Calculations performed by density functional theory indicated a charge transfer form metal centres to the ligand which was in good agreement with the experimental studies. Therefore, this new mode of highly photoluminescent MOF materials is studied for the first time which paves the way for better understanding of these systems for potential applications.
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Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Selected Phenothiazines and Phenazines Rationalized Based on DFT Calculation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217519. [PMID: 36364378 PMCID: PMC9653876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two unique structures were isolated from the phosphorylation reaction of 10H-phenothiazine. The 5,5-dimethyl-2-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide (2a) illustrates the product of N-phosphorylation of phenothiazine. Moreover, a potential product of 2a instability, a thiophosphoric acid 2b, was successfully isolated and structurally characterized. Molecule 2a, similarly to sulfoxide derivative 3, possesses interesting phosphorescence properties due to the presence of d-pπ bonds. The X-ray, NMR, and DFT computational studies indicate that compound 2a exhibits an anomeric effect. Additionally, the syntheses of selected symmetrical and unsymmetrical pyridine-embedded phenazines were elaborated. To compare the influence of phosphorus and sulfur atoms on the structural characteristics of 10H-phenothiazine derivatives, the high-quality crystals of (4a,12a-dihydro-12H-benzo[5,6][1,4]thiazino[2,3-b]quinoxalin-12-yl)(phenyl)methanone (1) and selected phenazines 5,12-diisopropyl-3,10-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:3′,2′-h]phenazine (5) and 5-isopropyl-N,N,3-trimethylpyrido[3,2-a]phenazin-10-amine (6a) were obtained. The structures of molecules 1, 2a, 2-mercapto-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide (2b), 3,7-dinitro-10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide (3), 5 and 6a were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements.
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Yue S, Ding H, Sun Y, Tang M, Wen J, Peng Y, Zheng L, Wang F, Shi Y, Cao Q. Simple Stimulus-Responsive Organic Long Persistent Luminescence Systems Based on Methoxy-Functionalized Triphenylphosphine. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:10190-10197. [PMID: 36281994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triarylphosphine-based pure organic long persistent luminescence materials are rarely investigated because of their poor stability and low photoluminescence quantum yield. Herein, we demonstrate that the introduction of a methoxy group (TPP-o-3OMe) at the ortho position of triphenylphosphine (TPP) can essentially promote the n → π* transition and promote intersystem crossing to generate more triplet excitons. Simultaneously, generating abundant intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds to stable excited triplet excitons is beneficial, thereby causing high-efficiency phosphorescence emission (τp = 394.1 ms; Φp = 9.28%). Interestingly, it shows a good acid response to protonic acids and can often be cycled many times under the heating or ammonia fumigation conditions. This research provides a new idea for enriching the types of pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent materials, widening their applications in the fields of anticounterfeiting and smart response, and promotes the further development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Yue
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Huangting Ding
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yitong Sun
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Meng Tang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Wen
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Ye Peng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Zheng
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Shi
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Qiue Cao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
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Yang Y, Jiang Z, Liu Y, Guan T, Zhang Q, Qin C, Jiang K, Liu Y. Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of a Carbazole-Based Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Molecule: Real-Time Monitoring of Singlet-Triplet Transitions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9381-9389. [PMID: 36190283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of singlet-triplet transitions is an effective tool for studying room-temperature phosphorescent molecules. For femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy of a 2,6-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) pyridine molecule in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the stimulated emission signal (380 nm) and the excited-state absorption signal (650 nm) reach their maximum intensity within 397 fs. Subsequently, the two signals decay with time and the triplet-triplet absorption (TTA) signal (400 nm) is enhanced synchronously, accompanied by an isosbestic point at 491 nm. These results confirm intersystem crossing (ISC) within 2.5 ns. Moreover, the TTA signal (400 nm) in nanosecond TA spectroscopy gradually disappeared, accompanied by a phosphorescence lifetime of 4.1 μs. As the solvent polarity decreases (DMSO > N,N-dimethylformamide > 1,4-dioxane > toluene), similar spectral dynamic processes are observed, while the durations of ISC processes and phosphorescence lifetimes are shortened. This combined femtosecond and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy study presents the ultrafast excited-state dynamics of organic phosphorescent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Zhinan Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Tiantian Guan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Chaochao Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, School of Physics, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, 46# East of Construction Road, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
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25
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Ma YY, Pan HM, Li DY, Liu YH, Lu T, Lei XW, Jing Z. Structural evolution and photoluminescence properties of hybrid antimony halides. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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26
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Jena S, Eyyathiyil J, Behera SK, Kitahara M, Imai Y, Thilagar P. Crystallization induced room-temperature phosphorescence and chiral photoluminescence properties of phosphoramides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5893-5901. [PMID: 35685799 PMCID: PMC9132070 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00990k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of a series of room temperature phosphorescent phosphoramides TPTZPO, TPTZPS, and TPTZPSe with a donor (phenothiazine)-acceptor (P = X, X = O, S, and Se) architecture. All the compounds show structureless fluorescence with a nanosecond lifetime in dilute solutions. However, these compounds show dual fluorescence and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in the solid state. Both the intensity and energy of luminescence depend on the heteroatom attached to the phosphorus center. For example, compound TPTZPO with the P[double bond, length as m-dash]O unit exhibits fluorescence at a higher energy region than TPTZPS and TPTZPSe with the P[double bond, length as m-dash]S and P[double bond, length as m-dash]Se groups, respectively. Crystalline samples of TPTZPO, TPTZPS, and TPTZPSe show stronger RTP than the amorphous powder of respective compounds. Detailed steady-state, time-resolved photoluminescence and computational studies established that the 3n-π* state dominated by the phenothiazine moiety is the emissive state of these compounds. Although TPTZPS and TPTZPSe crystallized in the chiral space group, only TPTZPSe showed chiroptical properties in the solid state. The luminescence dissymmetry factor (g lum) value of TPTZPS is small and below the detection limit, and a CPL spectrum could not be observed for this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Jena
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India - 560012
| | - Jusaina Eyyathiyil
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India - 560012
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India - 560012
| | - Maho Kitahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Yoshitane Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India - 560012
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27
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Fan Y, Liu S, Wu M, Xiao L, Fan Y, Han M, Chang K, Zhang Y, Zhen X, Li Q, Li Z. Mobile Phone Flashlight-Excited Red Afterglow Bioimaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201280. [PMID: 35261081 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with ultralong lifetime possess the remarkable advantage in bioimaging for elimination of background noise by characteristic time scale. However, most of RTP luminogens need to be excited by the harmful ultraviolet (UV) lamp, and exhibit green or yellow emission with shallow tissue penetration, constraining the in vivo bioimaging for further application in clinical diagnosis and pathological study. In this text, the much safer excitation process by sunlight and mobile phone flashlight is realized by organic luminogens with various electronic pull-push systems. Moreover, the bright red RTP emission with lifetime up to 344 ms is achieved by optimizing molecular geometry and electronic property. Especially, the mobile phone flashlight-excited red afterglow imaging of lymph nodes in living mice has been realized for the first time, affording a safe and conventional approach to achieve the afterglow imaging of living mice with deep issue penetration and high signal-to-noise ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fan
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Siwei Liu
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Leyi Xiao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yunhao Fan
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kai Chang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xu Zhen
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Opto-Electronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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28
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Herr P, Schwab A, Kupfer S, Wenger OS. Deep‐Red Luminescent Molybdenum(0) Complexes with Bi‐ and Tridentate Isocyanide Chelate Ligands. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Herr
- University of Basel: Universitat Basel Department of Chemistry SWITZERLAND
| | - Alexander Schwab
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Universität Basel Departement für Chemie St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel SWITZERLAND
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29
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Gao Y, Liao Q, Li M, Han M, Huang A, Dang Q, Li Q, Li Z. Expounding the Relationship between Molecular Conformation and Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Property by Deviation Angle. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3251-3260. [PMID: 35388692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emitters with ultralong lifetimes are attracting more and more attention for their wide applications. However, it is still a big challenge to achieve persistent organic afterglow because of the undefined relationship between molecular structures and RTP effect. Herein, diphenylamine (DPA) as a commonly used building block is selected as the molecular skeleton. Through incorporation of various alkyl moieties by ortho-substitution in different numbers and positions, RTP lifetimes can increase from 129 to 661 ms with the subtle adjustment of molecular conformations. It is summarized that the deviation angle (θ) of phenyl units in the DPA skeleton from the ideal p-π conjugated plane can act as the key parameter determining RTP lifetime, and the larger the θ values, the longer the RTP lifetimes. Furthermore, this result has been successfully applied as the universal principle to explain the RTP properties of various organic luminogens with DPA blocks and similar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyan Liao
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Menghan Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Arui Huang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Qianxi Dang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P.R. China
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
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Dimitriev OP. Dynamics of Excitons in Conjugated Molecules and Organic Semiconductor Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8487-8593. [PMID: 35298145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The exciton, an excited electron-hole pair bound by Coulomb attraction, plays a key role in photophysics of organic molecules and drives practically important phenomena such as photoinduced mechanical motions of a molecule, photochemical conversions, energy transfer, generation of free charge carriers, etc. Its behavior in extended π-conjugated molecules and disordered organic films is very different and very rich compared with exciton behavior in inorganic semiconductor crystals. Due to the high degree of variability of organic systems themselves, the exciton not only exerts changes on molecules that carry it but undergoes its own changes during all phases of its lifetime, that is, birth, conversion and transport, and decay. The goal of this review is to give a systematic and comprehensive view on exciton behavior in π-conjugated molecules and molecular assemblies at all phases of exciton evolution with emphasis on rates typical for this dynamic picture and various consequences of the above dynamics. To uncover the rich variety of exciton behavior, details of exciton formation, exciton transport, exciton energy conversion, direct and reverse intersystem crossing, and radiative and nonradiative decay are considered in different systems, where these processes lead to or are influenced by static and dynamic disorder, charge distribution symmetry breaking, photoinduced reactions, electron and proton transfer, structural rearrangements, exciton coupling with vibrations and intermediate particles, and exciton dissociation and annihilation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg P Dimitriev
- V. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics NAS of Ukraine, pr. Nauki 41, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
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31
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Li F, Wang M, Liu S, Zhao Q. Halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials for environmental sensing applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2184-2201. [PMID: 35310490 PMCID: PMC8864697 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in the development of various organic persistent luminescent (OPL) materials in the past few years, and increasing attention has been paid to their interesting applications in environmental sensing due to their long emission lifetimes and high sensitivity. Especially, the introduction of different halogen elements facilitates highly efficient OPL emission with distinct lifetimes and colours. In this review, we summarize the current status of the halide-containing OPL materials for environmental sensing applications. To begin with, the photophysical processes and luminescence mechanisms of OPL materials are expounded in detail to better understand the relationship among molecular structures, OPL properties, and sensing applications. Then, representative halide-containing material systems, such as small molecules, polymers, and doping systems, are summarized with their interesting applications in sensing temperature, oxygen, H2O, UV light and organic solvents. In addition, several challenges and future research opportunities in this field are discussed. This review aims to provide some reasonable guidance on the material design of OPL sensors and their practical applications, and tries to provide a new perspective on the application direction of organic optoelectronics. This review presents a summary of the molecular design of halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials, and their environmental sensing applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China .,College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
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32
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Yang M, Wang P, Chen XL, Lu CZ. Highly efficient ultralong organic phosphorescence induced by lone pair repulsions and noncovalent interactions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02414d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ultralong organic phosphorescence with phosphorescence quantum efficiency of 19.0% and lifetime of 253 ms stems from a physical dimer, owing to the lone pair repulsions and noncovalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Pei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Can-Zhong Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
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33
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Heavy main group element containing organometallic phosphorescent materials. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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34
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Xu W, Liu H, Mei F, Fu Y, Cao H, He Q, Cheng J. Supramolecule-Originated Emission: A Room-Temperature Phosphorescence 2D Ionic H-Bond Network from Nonemissive Aliphatic Derivatives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:61528-61535. [PMID: 34914873 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular materials exhibiting unique functions unavailable from their individual components are attracting great attention. Here, we report a novel supramolecule emission strategy, where the emission originated from a two-dimensional (2D) ionic hydrogen bond (H-bond) supramolecular network. High-quality crystals were obtained by rapid self-assembly of liquid aliphatic amine and ketone. The 2D ionic H-bonding network was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) that shows a planar electron system similar to aromatic species. First-principles calculations demonstrated that the charge-separated transition process and high spin-orbital coupling constants of the rigid supramolecular structure contribute to the enhanced singlet-triplet intersystem crossing process. The emission could be well regulated via the substituents of either the enol or amine part, and a maximum quantum efficiency of 26% was realized. The emission system demonstrated stable room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), which is even hard to obtain for aromatic species, and the lifetime reached 0.45 s with an 8% luminescence quantum yield. For application, with liquid amine and enol as ink, high-quality RTP patterns can be fabricated by computer-controlled precision printing. Our findings will surely bring completely fresh thinking for photoluminescence and other functions purely originated by the supramolecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Fen Mei
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yanyan Fu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Qingguo He
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jiangong Cheng
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changning Road 865, Shanghai 200050, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100039, China
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35
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Ma Z, Yang Z, Mu L, Deng L, Chen L, Wang B, Qiao X, Hu D, Yang B, Ma D, Peng J, Ma Y. Converting molecular luminescence to ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence via the excited state modulation of sulfone-containing heteroaromatics. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14808-14814. [PMID: 34820096 PMCID: PMC8597857 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04118e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulating the molecular orbital properties of excited states and the subsequent relaxation processes can greatly alter the emission behaviors of luminophores. Herein we report a vivid example of this, with luminescence conversion from thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) to ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (URTP) via a facile substituent effect on a rigid benzothiazino phenothiazine tetraoxide (BTPO) core. Pristine BTPO with multiple heteroatoms shows obvious intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) excited states with small exchange energy, featuring TADF. Via delicately functionalizing the BTPO core with peripheral moieties, the excited states of the BTPO derivatives become a hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) state in the S1 state and a local excitation (LE) dominated HLCT state in the T1 state, with enlarged energy bandgaps. Upon dispersion in a polymer matrix, the BTPO derivatives exhibit a persistent bright green afterglow with long lifetimes of up to 822 ms and decent quantum yields of up to 11.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetong Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Lan Mu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Lisong Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Liangjian Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Bohan Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xianfeng Qiao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Dehua Hu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Dongge Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Junbiao Peng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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36
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Zheng W, Li X, Liu N, Yan S, Wang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Liu H. Solution-Grown Chloride Perovskite Crystal of Red Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24450-24455. [PMID: 34453771 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the growth of a halide-based double perovskite, Cs2 Nax Ag1-x InCl6 :y%Mn, via a facile hydrothermal reaction at 180 °C. Through a co-doping strategy of both Na+ and Mn2+ , the as-prepared crystals exhibited a red afterglow featuring a high color purity (ca. 100 %) and a long duration time (>5400 s), three orders of magnitude longer than those solution-processed organic afterglow crystals. The energy transfer (ET) process between self-trapped excitons (STE) and activators was investigated through time-resolved spectroscopy, which suggested an ET efficiency up to 41 %. Importantly, the nominal concentration of dopants, especially in the case of Na+ , was found a useful tool to control both energy level and number distribution of traps. Cryogenic afterglow measurements suggested that the afterglow phenomenon was likely governed by thermal-activated exciton diffusion and electron tunneling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Nianqiao Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China.,School of Physics and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Shao Yan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangzhou Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yeqi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yanjie Liang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Yuhai Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, Shandong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
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37
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Zheng W, Li X, Liu N, Yan S, Wang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liang Y, Zhang Y, Liu H. Solution‐Grown Chloride Perovskite Crystal of Red Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Nianqiao Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
- School of Physics and Technology University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Shao Yan
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250061 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojia Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Xiangzhou Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Yeqi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Yanjie Liang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250061 P. R. China
| | - Yuhai Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 Shandong China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University 27 Shandanan Road Jinan Shandong 250100 China
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38
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Wang G, Wang Z, Ding B, Ma X. pH-Responsive amorphous room-temperature phosphorescence polymer featuring delayed fluorescence based on fluorescein. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Tian Y, Yang J, Liu Z, Gao M, Li X, Che W, Fang M, Li Z. Multistage Stimulus-Responsive Room Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Host-Guest Doping Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:20259-20263. [PMID: 34236129 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Compared with inorganic long-lasting luminescent materials, organic room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) ones show several advantages, such as flexibility, transparency, solubility and color adjustability. However, organic RTP materials close to commercialization are still to be developed. In this work, we developed a new host-guest doping system with stimulus-responsive RTP characteristics, in which triphenylphosphine oxide (OPph3 ) acted host and benzo(dibenzo)phenothiazine dioxide derivatives as guests. Turn-on RTP effect was realized by mixing them together through co-crystallization or grinding, in which the efficient energy transfer from host to guest and the strong intersystem crossing (ISC) ability of the guest have played significant role. Further on, multistage stimulus-responsive RTP characteristics from grinding to chemical stimulus were achieved via introducing pyridine group into the guest molecule. In addition, the anti-counterfeiting printings were realized for these materials through various methods, including stylus printing, thermal printing and inkjet printing, which brings RTP materials closer to commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mingxue Gao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weilong Che
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Manman Fang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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40
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Xu Z, Hean D, Climent C, Casanova D, Wolf MO. Switching between TADF and RTP: anion-regulated photoluminescence in organic salts and co-crystals. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2021; 2:5777-5784. [PMID: 34527950 PMCID: PMC8406714 DOI: 10.1039/d1ma00314c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are two photophysical phenomena which utilize triplet excitons. In this work, we demonstrate how variation of the anion in organic salts with carbazole and phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide donors and pyridinium and quinolinium acceptors may be used to switch between TADF and RTP. These compounds adopt similar molecular structures and packing modes with different anions and exhibit different types of photophysical behavior due to the electronic effects of the anions. With bromide anions, the salts exhibit TADF with some RTP. These compounds show fast reverse intersystem crossing and a short delayed lifetime, which is key to application in efficient and robust OLEDs. With BF4 - and PF6 - anions, RTP with long-lived lifetimes and afterglow are observed by eye. This behavior can be utilized for data encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications. Emission wavelengths and lifetimes are also anion-dependent. These results open up an avenue for developing novel luminescent materials through anion tuning and present a molecular model to understand the interplay of RTP and TADF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Duane Hean
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Clàudia Climent
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia Euskadi Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science 48013 Bilbao Euskadi Spain
| | - Michael O Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z1 Canada
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41
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Tian Y, Yang J, Liu Z, Gao M, Li X, Che W, Fang M, Li Z. Multistage Stimulus‐Responsive Room Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Host–Guest Doping Systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Mingxue Gao
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Weilong Che
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Manman Fang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Department of Chemistry Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City Fuzhou 350207 China
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42
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Hasan N, Ma Z, Liu J, Li Z, Qian C, Liu Y, Chen M, Jiang H, Jia X, Ma Z. Selective Expression of a Carbazole-Phenothiazine Derivative Leads to Dual-mode AIEE, TADF and Distinctive Mechanochromism. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2093-2098. [PMID: 34318995 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a newly designed D-A-D' derivative (CNCzPTZ), which displays selective expression of chromophores. This enables CNCzPTZ with solvatochromism, rare dual-mode AIEE properties, solid-state dual-emissions with phosphorescence and distinctive mechanochromism.CNCzPTZ exhibits dual-mode AIEE properties, since the emission band abruptly shifts from 550 nm to 500 nm as the water fraction increases. In the crystalline state, CNCzPTZ demonstrated dual emission bands of 478 nm and 538 nm.CNCzPTZ shows distinctive mechanochromic property in the solid state due to the planarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Hasan
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- National high-tech industrial development zone in Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, 333000, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zewei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinru Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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43
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Gao H, Gao Z, Jiao D, Zhang J, Li X, Tang Q, Shi Y, Ding D. Boosting Room Temperature Phosphorescence Performance by Alkyl Modification for Intravital Orthotopic Lung Tumor Imaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005449. [PMID: 33599120 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pure organic persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted wide attention owing to their great potential in various applications, particularly in bioimaging. However, it is still a challenge to manufacture organic RTP materials possessing quite high efficiency and long lifetime, owing to the high requirements for triplet excitons. In this study, a series of keto derivatives with efficient RTP in crystals are developed through the regulation of molecular aggregation states by simple alkyl groups, resulting in impressive luminescence performance with a longer lifetime and higher efficiency of up to 868 ms and 51.59%, respectively. All the alkyl-substituted derivatives exhibit bright RTP intensities after heavy grinding with a pestle, indicating their robust RTP features, which are suitable for many fields. Encouraged by the excellent RTP performance of these luminogens in the crystalline state, successful orthotopic lung tumor imaging with a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of 65 is demonstrated in this study to provide the promise of pure organic RTP materials for disease diagnosis, which hold the advantages of low autofluorescence interference and high signal-to-background ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Di Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jingtian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qiyun Tang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221002, China
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44
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Yang Y, Yang J, Fang M, Li Z. Recent Process of Photo-responsive Materials with Aggregation-induced Emission. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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45
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Zhang Q, Zhang G. Synthesis, Structures and Properties of Angular
cis
‐Benzothiazinophenothiazine Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Zhang
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products College of Chemical Engineering Department Nanjing Forestry University Longpan Road 159 Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products College of Chemical Engineering Department Nanjing Forestry University Longpan Road 159 Nanjing 210037 P. R. China
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46
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Zheng H, Cao P, Wang Y, Lu X, Wu P. Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9500-9506. [PMID: 33594791 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, phosphors with long-lived emission are dominated by rare earth/transition metal ion-doped sulfides and oxides. Recently, organic materials capable of emitting long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are reported, carbon skeletons are almost the exclusive structural feature of the conjugated luminophores. Herein, we reported that boric acid, a non-metal and C-free material, could emit RTP with lifetime up to 0.3 s. Detailed investigations indicated the weak conjugation between the n electrons of the O atoms in the B-O confined space was the possible origin of RTP. Similar RTP was also found in electron-rich N/F systems, namely, BN and BF3 (BF4 - ). Importantly, the vacant p z 0 orbital of B was found to contribute to the relevant unoccupied molecular orbitals involved in excitation, which is different from previous reports on phosphorescence from arylboronic acids. The results confirm the unique role of B as a versatile structure motif for construction of new RTP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Peisheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yanying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.,Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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47
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Zheng H, Cao P, Wang Y, Lu X, Wu P. Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peisheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yanying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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48
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Shimizu M, Sakurai T. Metal-Free Organic Luminophores that Exhibit Dual Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Emission at Room Temperature. Chempluschem 2021; 86:446-459. [PMID: 33689234 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dual-fluorescent-phosphorescent compounds have attracted increasing attention in various fields, such as bio-imaging, data protection/encryption, ratiometric luminescence sensing, and white-light emission. Conventional dual-emissive compounds contain a phosphorescent organometallic complex of a precious metal, such as iridium or platinum. However, the use of precious metals in organic materials has several drawbacks. This Minireview focuses on precious-metal-free organic light-emitting materials that exhibit dual fluorescence and phosphorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature to produce bimodal steady-state emission spectra. The dual emitters presented herein are categorized into the following six compound classes: (1) difluoroboron diaroylmethanes, (2) diarylketones, (3) diarylsulfones, (4) triazines and pyrimidines, (5) fused phenazines, and (6) N-arylcarbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Shimizu
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 1 Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
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Nidhankar AD, Goudappagouda, Wakchaure VC, Babu SS. Efficient metal-free organic room temperature phosphors. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4216-4236. [PMID: 34163691 PMCID: PMC8179585 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00446h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative transformation of organic luminescent materials in recent years has realised the exciting research area of ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence. Here the credit for the advancements goes to the rational design of new organic phosphors. The continuous effort in the area has yielded wide varieties of metal-free organic systems capable of extending the lifetime to several seconds under ambient conditions with high quantum yield and attractive afterglow properties. The various strategies adopted in the past decade to manipulate the fate of triplet excitons suggest a bright future for this class of materials. To analyze the underlying processes in detail, we have chosen high performing organic triplet emitters that utilized the best possible ways to achieve a lifetime above one second along with impressive quantum yield and afterglow properties. Such a case study describing different classes of metal-free organic phosphors and strategies adopted for the efficient management of triplet excitons will stimulate the development of better candidates for futuristic applications. This Perspective discusses the phosphorescence features of single- and multi-component crystalline assemblies, host-guest assemblies, polymers, and polymer-based systems under various classes of molecules. The various applications of the organic phosphors, along with future perspectives, are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash D Nidhankar
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune-411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Goudappagouda
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune-411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Vivek C Wakchaure
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune-411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Organic Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL) Dr Homi Bhabha Road Pune-411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad-201002 India
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Tao W, Chen Y, Lu L, Liu C. Luminescence properties of cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes in a dichloromethane/n-hexane system. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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