1
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Oktawiec J, Ebrahim OM, Chen Y, Su K, Sharpe C, Rosenmann ND, Barbut C, Weigand SJ, Thompson MP, Byrnes J, Qiao B, Gianneschi NC. Conformational modulation and polymerization-induced folding of proteomimetic peptide brush polymers. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03420a. [PMID: 39129772 PMCID: PMC11308386 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptide-brush polymers generated by graft-through living polymerization of peptide-modified monomers exhibit high proteolytic stability, therapeutic efficacy, and potential as functional tandem repeat protein mimetics. Prior work has focused on polymers generated from structurally disordered peptides that lack defined conformations. To obtain insight into how the structure of these polymers is influenced by the folding of their peptide sidechains, a set of polymers with varying degrees of polymerization was prepared from peptide monomers that adopt α-helical secondary structure for comparison to those having random coil structures. Circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirm the maintenance of the secondary structure of the constituent peptide when polymerized. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies reveal the solution-phase conformation of PLPs in different solvent environments. In particular, X-ray scattering shows that modulation of solvent hydrophobicity, as well as hydrogen bonding patterns of the peptide sidechain, plays an important role in the degree of globularity and conformation of the overall polymer, with polymers of helical peptide brushes showing less spherical compaction in conditions where greater helicity is observed. These structural insights into peptide brush folding and polymer conformation inform the design of these proteomimetic materials with promise for controlling and predicting their artificial fold and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Oktawiec
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Omar M Ebrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Kaylen Su
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, City University of New York New York NY 10010 USA
| | - Christopher Sharpe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Nathan D Rosenmann
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Clara Barbut
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Steven J Weigand
- DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) Synchrotron Research Center, Northwestern University Argonne IL 60208 USA
| | | | - James Byrnes
- Beamline 16ID, NSLS-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Baofu Qiao
- Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, City University of New York New York NY 10010 USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Simpson Querrey Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
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2
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Wang C, He W, Wang F, Yong H, Bo T, Yao D, Zhao Y, Pan C, Cao Q, Zhang S, Li M. Recent progress of non-linear topological structure polymers: synthesis, and gene delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:40. [PMID: 38280987 PMCID: PMC10821314 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, many types of non-linear topological structure polymers, such as brush-shaped, star, branched and dendritic structures, have captured much attention in the field of gene delivery and nanomedicine. Compared with linear polymers, non-linear topological structural polymers offer many advantages, including multiple terminal groups, broad and complicated spatial architecture and multi-functionality sites to enhance gene delivery efficiency and targeting capabilities. Nevertheless, the complexity of their synthesis process severely hampers the development and applications of nonlinear topological polymers. This review aims to highlight various synthetic approaches of non-linear topological architecture polymers, including reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) including atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, click chemistry reactions and Michael addition, and thoroughly discuss their advantages and disadvantages, as well as analyze their further application potential. Finally, we comprehensively discuss and summarize different non-linear topological structure polymers for genetic materials delivering performance both in vitro and in vivo, which indicated that topological effects and nonlinear topologies play a crucial role in enhancing the transfection performance of polymeric vectors. This review offered a promising guideline for the design and development of novel nonlinear polymers and facilitated the development of a new generation of polymer-based gene vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Wei He
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiyang Yong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Bo
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dingjin Yao
- Shanghai EditorGene Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yitong Zhao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui, China
| | - Chaolan Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Qiaoyu Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Research Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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3
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Liu X, Zhao Z, Li W, Li Y, Yang Q, Liu N, Chen Y, Yin L. Engineering Nucleotidoproteins for Base-Pairing-Assisted Cytosolic Delivery and Genome Editing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307664. [PMID: 37718311 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics targeting intracellular machineries hold profound potential for disease treatment, and hence robust cytosolic protein delivery technologies are imperatively demanded. Inspired by the super-negatively charged, nucleotide-enriched structure of nucleic acids, adenylated pro-proteins (A-proteins) with dramatically enhanced negative surface charges have been engineered for the first time via facile green synthesis. Then, thymidine-modified polyethyleneimine is developed, which exhibits strong electrostatic attraction, complementary base pairing, and hydrophobic interaction with A-proteins to form salt-resistant nanocomplexes with robust cytosolic delivery efficiencies. The acidic endolysosomal environment enables traceless restoration of the A-proteins and consequently promotes the intracellular release of the native proteins. This strategy shows high efficiency and universality for a variety of proteins with different molecular weights and isoelectric points in mammalian cells. Moreover, it enables highly efficient delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoproteins targeting fusion oncogene EWSR1-FLI1, leading to pronounced anti-tumor efficacy against Ewing sarcoma. This study provides a potent and versatile platform for cytosolic protein delivery and gene editing, and may benefit the development of protein pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyin Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yajie Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ningyu Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongbing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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4
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Zhao Z, Liu X, Hou M, Zhou R, Wu F, Yan J, Li W, Zheng Y, Zhong Q, Chen Y, Yin L. Endocytosis-Independent and Cancer-Selective Cytosolic Protein Delivery via Reversible Tagging with LAT1 substrate. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110560. [PMID: 35789055 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein drugs targeting intracellular machineries have shown profound therapeutic potentials, but their clinical utilities are greatly hampered by the lack of efficient cytosolic delivery techniques. Existing strategies mainly rely on nanocarriers or conjugated cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which often have drawbacks such as materials complexity/toxicity, lack of cell specificity, and endolysosomal entrapment. Herein, a unique carrier-free approach is reported for mediating cancer-selective and endocytosis-free cytosolic protein delivery. Proteins are sequentially modified with 4-nitrophenyl 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) benzyl carbonate as the H2 O2 -responsive domain and 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine as the substrate of l-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1). Thus, the pro-protein can be directly transported into tumor cells by overexpressed LAT1 on cell membranes, bypassing endocytosis and endolysosomal entrapment. In the cytosol, overproduced H2 O2 restores the protein structure and activity. Using this technique, versatile proteins are delivered into tumor cells with robust efficiency, including toxins, enzymes, CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein, and antibodies. Furthermore, intravenously injected pro-protein of saporin shows potent anticancer efficacy in 4T1-tumor-bearing mice, without provoking systemic toxicity. Such a facile and versatile pro-protein platform may benefit the development of protein pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Zhao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thoracic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Mengying Hou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Renxiang Zhou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thoracic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Qinmeng Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yongbing Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thoracic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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5
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Upadhya R, Kosuri S, Tamasi M, Meyer TA, Atta S, Webb MA, Gormley AJ. Automation and data-driven design of polymer therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:1-28. [PMID: 33242537 PMCID: PMC8127395 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are uniquely suited for drug delivery and biomaterial applications due to tunable structural parameters such as length, composition, architecture, and valency. To facilitate designs, researchers may explore combinatorial libraries in a high throughput fashion to correlate structure to function. However, traditional polymerization reactions including controlled living radical polymerization (CLRP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP) require inert reaction conditions and extensive expertise to implement. With the advent of air-tolerance and automation, several polymerization techniques are now compatible with well plates and can be carried out at the benchtop, making high throughput synthesis and high throughput screening (HTS) possible. To avoid HTS pitfalls often described as "fishing expeditions," it is crucial to employ intelligent and big data approaches to maximize experimental efficiency. This is where the disruptive technologies of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) will likely play a role. In fact, ML and AI are already impacting small molecule drug discovery and showing signs of emerging in drug delivery. In this review, we present state-of-the-art research in drug delivery, gene delivery, antimicrobial polymers, and bioactive polymers alongside data-driven developments in drug design and organic synthesis. From this insight, important lessons are revealed for the polymer therapeutics community including the value of a closed loop design-build-test-learn workflow. This is an exciting time as researchers will gain the ability to fully explore the polymer structural landscape and establish quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs) with biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Supriya Atta
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA
| | - Michael A Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
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6
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Choi W, Sun H, Battistella C, Berger O, Vratsanos MA, Wang MM, Gianneschi NC. Biomolecular Densely Grafted Brush Polymers: Oligonucleotides, Oligosaccharides and Oligopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19762-19772. [PMID: 32436259 PMCID: PMC11042487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this Minireview, we describe synthetic polymers densely functionalized with sequence-defined biomolecular sidechains. We focus on synthetic brush polymers of oligonucleotides, oligosaccharides, and oligopeptides, prepared via graft-through polymerization from biomolecule functionalized monomers. The resulting structures are brush polymers wherein a biomolecular graft is positioned at each monomer backbone unit. We describe key synthetic milestones, identify synthetic opportunities, and highlight recent advances in the field, including biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonmin Choi
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Hao Sun
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Claudia Battistella
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Or Berger
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Maria A. Vratsanos
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Max M. Wang
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department Department of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 (USA)
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7
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Choi W, Sun H, Battistella C, Berger O, Vratsanos MA, Wang MM, Gianneschi NC. Biomolecular Densely Grafted Brush Polymers: Oligonucleotides, Oligosaccharides and Oligopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wonmin Choi
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Hao Sun
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Claudia Battistella
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Or Berger
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Maria A. Vratsanos
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Max M. Wang
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department Department of Chemistry Materials Science & Engineering Biomedical Engineering, Pharmacology International Institute for Nanotechnology Simpson Querrey Institute Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
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8
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Mashel TV, Tarakanchikova YV, Muslimov AR, Zyuzin MV, Timin AS, Lepik KV, Fehse B. Overcoming the delivery problem for therapeutic genome editing: Current status and perspective of non-viral methods. Biomaterials 2020; 258:120282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Yang S, Tang Q, Chen L, Chang J, Jiang T, Zhao J, Wang M, Chen PR. Cationic Lipid-based Intracellular Delivery of Bacterial Effectors for Rewiring Malignant Cell Signaling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18087-18094. [PMID: 32671943 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The abundance of bacterial effectors have inspired us to explore their potential in rewiring malignant cell signaling. Their incapability for entering cells, however, hinders such application. Herein we developed a cationic lipid-based high throughput library screening platform for effective intracellular delivery of bacterial effectors. As the misregulated MAPK signaling is a hallmark of many types of cancer, we turned to the Shigella effector OspF which irreversibly inactivates ERK, the terminal component of MAPK cascade. We created a function-based screening assay to obtain AMPA-O16B lipid nanoparticles for effective OspF intracellular delivery, which inhibited the malignant MAPK signaling and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the optimized lipid nanoparticle formulation can deliver OspF to modulate the immunosuppressive responses in macrophages. Our work is a general strategy to explore the therapeutic potentials of naturally evolved bacterial effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng R Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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10
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Yang S, Tang Q, Chen L, Chang J, Jiang T, Zhao J, Wang M, Chen PR. Cationic Lipid‐based Intracellular Delivery of Bacterial Effectors for Rewiring Malignant Cell Signaling. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Qiao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jin Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS) Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China
| | - Peng R. Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China
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11
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Brock DJ, Kondow-McConaghy H, Allen J, Brkljača Z, Kustigian L, Jiang M, Zhang J, Rye H, Vazdar M, Pellois JP. Mechanism of Cell Penetration by Permeabilization of Late Endosomes: Interplay between a Multivalent TAT Peptide and Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1296-1307.e5. [PMID: 32783962 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many cellular delivery reagents enter the cytosolic space of cells by escaping the lumen of endocytic organelles and, more specifically, late endosomes. The mechanisms involved in endosomal membrane permeation remain largely unresolved, which impedes the improvement of delivery agents. Here, we investigate how 3TAT, a branched analog of the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) TAT, achieves the permeabilization of bilayers containing bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), a lipid found in late endosomes. We establish that the peptide does not induce the leakage of individual lipid bilayers. Instead, leakage requires contact between membranes. Peptide-driven bilayer contacts lead to fusion, lipid mixing, and, critically, peptide encapsulation within proximal bilayers. Notably, this encapsulation is a distinctive property of BMP that explains the specificity of CPP's membrane leakage activity. These results therefore support a model of cell penetration that requires both BMP and the vicinity between bilayers, two features unique to BMP-rich and multivesicular late endosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota J Brock
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Helena Kondow-McConaghy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Jason Allen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Zlatko Brkljača
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lauren Kustigian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Mengqiu Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Hays Rye
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Mario Vazdar
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jean-Philippe Pellois
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, Biochemistry and Biophysics Building, Room 430, 300 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Zhu J, Sun H, Callmann CE, Thompson MP, Battistella C, Proetto MT, Carlini AS, Gianneschi NC. Paclitaxel-terminated peptide brush polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6778-6781. [PMID: 32441281 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc10023g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the preparation of paclitaxel-terminated peptide brush polymers wherein cell uptake and toxicity are tunable based on peptide sequence. Synthesis was enabled using a new paclitaxel-containing chain termination agent for ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Critically, reverse phase HPLC could be used to efficiently separate peptide brush polymers consisting of one fluorophore and one terminal paclitaxel from crude polymer mixtures. These purified terminally-modified polymers showed greater potency than the original mixtures. Drug-terminated peptide brush polymers carrying positive charges exhibited enhanced cell uptake and cytotoxicity as compared to their neutral and negatively charged analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Zhu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Cassandra E Callmann
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-343, USA
| | - Matthew P Thompson
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-343, USA
| | - Claudia Battistella
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Maria T Proetto
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-343, USA
| | - Andrea S Carlini
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-343, USA
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Pharmacology, and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, and Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. and Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-343, USA
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Callmann CE, Thompson MP, Gianneschi NC. Poly(peptide): Synthesis, Structure, and Function of Peptide-Polymer Amphiphiles and Protein-like Polymers. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:400-413. [PMID: 31967781 PMCID: PMC11042489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this Account, we describe the organization of functional peptides as densely arrayed side chains on polymer scaffolds which we introduce as a new class of material called poly(peptide). We describe two general classes of poly(peptide): (1) Peptide-Polymer Amphiphiles (PPAs), which consist of block copolymers with a dense grouping of peptides arrayed as the side chains of the hydrophilic block and connected to a hydrophobic block that drives micelle assembly, and (2) Protein-like Polymers (PLPs), wherein peptide-brush polymers are composed from monomers, each containing a peptide side chain. Peptides organized in this manner imbue polymers or polymeric nanoparticles with a range of functional qualities inherent to their specific sequence. Therefore, polymers or nanoparticles otherwise lacking bioactivity or responsiveness to stimuli, once linked to a peptide of choice, can now bind proteins, enter cells and tissues, have controlled and switchable biodistribution patterns, and be enzyme substrates (e.g., for kinases, phosphatases, proteases). Indeed, where peptide substrates are incorporated, kinetically or thermodynamically driven morphological transitions can be enzymatically induced in the polymeric material. Synergistically, the polymer enforces changes in peptide activity and function by virtue of packing and constraining the peptide. The scaffold can protect peptides from proteolysis, change the pharmacokinetic profile of an intravenously injected peptide, increase the cellular uptake of an otherwise cell impermeable therapeutic peptide, or change peptide substrate activity entirely. Moreover, in addition to the sequence-controlled peptides (generated by solid phase synthesis), the polymer can carry its own sequence-dependent information, especially through living polymerization strategies allowing well-defined blocks and terminal labels (e.g., dyes, contrast agents, charged moieties). Hence, the two elements, peptide and polymer, cooperate to yield materials with unique function and properties quite apart from each alone. Herein, we describe the development of synthetic strategies for accessing these classes of biomolecule polymer conjugates. We discuss the utility of poly(peptide)-based materials in a range of biomedical applications, including imaging of diseased tissues (myocardial infarction and cancer), delivering small molecule drugs to tumors with high specificity, imparting cell permeability to otherwise impermeable peptides, protecting bioactive peptides from proteolysis in harsh conditions (e.g., stomach acid and whole blood), and transporting proteins into traditionally difficult-to-transfect cell types, including stem cells. Poly(peptide) materials offer new properties to both the constituent peptides and to the polymers, which can be tuned by the design of the oligopeptide sequence, degree of polymerization, peptide arrangement on the polymer backbone, and polymer backbone chemistry. These properties establish this approach as valuable for the development of peptides as medicines and materials in a range of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E. Callmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Pharmacology, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew P. Thompson
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Pharmacology, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Pharmacology, International Institute of Nanotechnology, Simpson Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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